Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1177/10575677241276858
Karla Emeno, Mari Pullman, Craig Bennell
Research suggests that previously burglarized targets, and targets located near such locations, are at an increased risk of being victimized. However, this elevated risk is only temporary and appears to subside over time. The boost account is one theory that attempts to describe the occurrence of repeat, and near repeat, burglaries. The boost account suggests that these burglaries are the result of the same offender returning to burglarize a dwelling that they have successfully burglarized in the past, or one near the previously victimized target. In the current study, we first determined the repeat and near repeat space-time clustering of solved residential burglaries committed in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, from 2007 to 2008. The results indicate that solved Edmonton burglaries do cluster together in time and space (i.e., residences within 700 m of a previous burgled target are at an increased risk for a period of 7 days). We also investigated whether repeat and near repeat burglaries in the dataset were more likely than distant burglaries to be committed by the same offender. It was found that serial offending by the same offender offers a viable rationale for much of the repeat and near repeat burglaries committed in Edmonton from 2007 to 2008. The practical implications of these results, as well as some limitations and directions for future research, are discussed.
{"title":"Examining the Boost Account for Repeat and Near Repeat Burglary in Canada","authors":"Karla Emeno, Mari Pullman, Craig Bennell","doi":"10.1177/10575677241276858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241276858","url":null,"abstract":"Research suggests that previously burglarized targets, and targets located near such locations, are at an increased risk of being victimized. However, this elevated risk is only temporary and appears to subside over time. The boost account is one theory that attempts to describe the occurrence of repeat, and near repeat, burglaries. The boost account suggests that these burglaries are the result of the same offender returning to burglarize a dwelling that they have successfully burglarized in the past, or one near the previously victimized target. In the current study, we first determined the repeat and near repeat space-time clustering of solved residential burglaries committed in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, from 2007 to 2008. The results indicate that solved Edmonton burglaries do cluster together in time and space (i.e., residences within 700 m of a previous burgled target are at an increased risk for a period of 7 days). We also investigated whether repeat and near repeat burglaries in the dataset were more likely than distant burglaries to be committed by the same offender. It was found that serial offending by the same offender offers a viable rationale for much of the repeat and near repeat burglaries committed in Edmonton from 2007 to 2008. The practical implications of these results, as well as some limitations and directions for future research, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1177/10575677241278365
Vania Ceccato
{"title":"Book Review: European perspectives on attrition in sexual crimes by Erbaş, R.","authors":"Vania Ceccato","doi":"10.1177/10575677241278365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241278365","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the considerable amount of literature on self-reported corruption and the salience of anti-corruption narratives among international organizations, little is known about bribe payers’ reporting decisions. Relying on the analysis of a self-report survey among a specific subsample of the victimized population—the university students who were forced to pay a bribe in their interaction with state agencies after extortion in Azerbaijan ( n = 152), this paper attempts to ascertain whether the previously employed crime seriousness construct is relevant in the context of bribery. Results suggest that only 25.7% of bribe payments have been reported to the authorities. As the first study exploring the role of crime seriousness in the context of bribery reporting, we found that neither financial impact nor emotional distress caused by a bribe payment affects reporting behavior. Instead, previous contact with the criminal justice system was the sole predictor of decision-making, indicating for the first time in the literature the applicability of the contact thesis in the context of corruption. The study contributes to victimology as it provides insights into the correlates of decision-making among victims of bribery requests and tests the applicability of crime seriousness in a previously unstudied offence.
{"title":"Victims of Corrupt Practices: Does Crime Seriousness Affect Bribe Payers’ Decision to Report?","authors":"Ingilab Shahbazov, Javid Rahimli, Ayshem Balayeva, Zaur Afandiyev","doi":"10.1177/10575677241271102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241271102","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the considerable amount of literature on self-reported corruption and the salience of anti-corruption narratives among international organizations, little is known about bribe payers’ reporting decisions. Relying on the analysis of a self-report survey among a specific subsample of the victimized population—the university students who were forced to pay a bribe in their interaction with state agencies after extortion in Azerbaijan ( n = 152), this paper attempts to ascertain whether the previously employed crime seriousness construct is relevant in the context of bribery. Results suggest that only 25.7% of bribe payments have been reported to the authorities. As the first study exploring the role of crime seriousness in the context of bribery reporting, we found that neither financial impact nor emotional distress caused by a bribe payment affects reporting behavior. Instead, previous contact with the criminal justice system was the sole predictor of decision-making, indicating for the first time in the literature the applicability of the contact thesis in the context of corruption. The study contributes to victimology as it provides insights into the correlates of decision-making among victims of bribery requests and tests the applicability of crime seriousness in a previously unstudied offence.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/10575677241271241
Vania Ceccato
Understanding the spatial distribution of crime patterns or poor safety perceptions equips us with valuable insights to guide resource allocation. In this special issue, we present examples of articles in environmental criminology, focusing on the use of spatial and temporal-based methods for crime and safety analysis. The contributions are from Sweden, Canada, New Zealand, and Pakistan, showcasing a diverse array of data and methods. Almost all articles are from sessions presented in the International Symposium in “Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis” ECCA 2023, organized by the guest editor's university, and in “the Stockholm Criminology Symposium” that took place in Stockholm in June 2023. This introduction finishes with a summary of the articles of this collection.
{"title":"Exploring Methods in Crime and Safety Analysis","authors":"Vania Ceccato","doi":"10.1177/10575677241271241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241271241","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the spatial distribution of crime patterns or poor safety perceptions equips us with valuable insights to guide resource allocation. In this special issue, we present examples of articles in environmental criminology, focusing on the use of spatial and temporal-based methods for crime and safety analysis. The contributions are from Sweden, Canada, New Zealand, and Pakistan, showcasing a diverse array of data and methods. Almost all articles are from sessions presented in the International Symposium in “Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis” ECCA 2023, organized by the guest editor's university, and in “the Stockholm Criminology Symposium” that took place in Stockholm in June 2023. This introduction finishes with a summary of the articles of this collection.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/10575677241271121
Gonzalo Croci
The adapted EMMIE framework is based on the realist evaluation approach that seeks to understand what, how, for whom, and under what circumstances policies work. Realist evaluators aim to identify the underlying mechanisms that explain the functioning of policies. The framework refers to the (E) effect, (M) mechanism, (M) moderator/context, (I) implementation, and (E) economic costs of a policy. This research uses the adapted EMMIE framework to evaluate and assess the characteristics of 89 homicide reduction programmes. Results show that the EMMIE components for mechanisms and implementation were included to some extent by policymakers, but the remaining three components (i.e., moderators/context, effect size, and economic costs) registered low scores. It is concluded that the ineffectiveness of homicide reduction programmes may be due to deficiencies in programme evaluation and cost planning, but it may also be related to a lack of understanding of the contexts in which these programmes are supposed to work.
{"title":"A Realistic Evaluation of Homicide Reduction Programmes","authors":"Gonzalo Croci","doi":"10.1177/10575677241271121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241271121","url":null,"abstract":"The adapted EMMIE framework is based on the realist evaluation approach that seeks to understand what, how, for whom, and under what circumstances policies work. Realist evaluators aim to identify the underlying mechanisms that explain the functioning of policies. The framework refers to the (E) effect, (M) mechanism, (M) moderator/context, (I) implementation, and (E) economic costs of a policy. This research uses the adapted EMMIE framework to evaluate and assess the characteristics of 89 homicide reduction programmes. Results show that the EMMIE components for mechanisms and implementation were included to some extent by policymakers, but the remaining three components (i.e., moderators/context, effect size, and economic costs) registered low scores. It is concluded that the ineffectiveness of homicide reduction programmes may be due to deficiencies in programme evaluation and cost planning, but it may also be related to a lack of understanding of the contexts in which these programmes are supposed to work.","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1177/10575677241271967
Hasannudin Hidayat, Sulastri Sangadji, Rahmat Hi Abdullah
{"title":"Book Review: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on justice systems by Gajda-Roszczynialska, K.","authors":"Hasannudin Hidayat, Sulastri Sangadji, Rahmat Hi Abdullah","doi":"10.1177/10575677241271967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241271967","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1177/10575677241267884
Shelley Liu
{"title":"Book Review: The Rise of Digital Sex Work by Kurt Fowler","authors":"Shelley Liu","doi":"10.1177/10575677241267884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241267884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141938630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/10575677241267199
Liza Hafidzah Yusuf Rangkuti
{"title":"Book Review: Compensation for Wrongful Convictions: A Comparative Perspective by Jasinski, W., & Kremens, K.","authors":"Liza Hafidzah Yusuf Rangkuti","doi":"10.1177/10575677241267199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10575677241267199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51797,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Justice Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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