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Effect of lactate supplementation on V̇O2peak and onset of blood lactate accumulation: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial 补充乳酸对V̇O2峰值和血乳酸积聚开始的影响:一项双盲、安慰剂对照试验
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2019.004
Aaron E. Russ, Albino G Schifino, C. Leong
Background: Professional and recreational athletes use ergogenic aids to enhance aerobic performance, facilitate training adaptations, and reduce recovery time. While the ergogenic effect of commonly marketed and commercially available ergogenic aids (i.e., sodium bicarbonate and β-alanine) have been investigated extensively, the effectiveness of lactate supplementation on aerobic capacity markers (i.e., VO2peak and the onset blood lactate accumulation) has not been thoroughly investigated. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of lactate supplementation on VO2peak and the onset blood lactate accumulation (OBLA). Methods: Eighteen healthy individuals (14 men and 4 women, age: 24 ± 5 years, height: 171 ± 7 cm, body mass: 76 ± 17 kg) participated in a double-blind-placebo-controlled study and were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups: placebo (PLA, n = 8), or supplement (SUP, n = 10) consisting of a combination of magnesium lactate dihydrate and calcium lactate monohydrate. Prior to and following supplementation, participants performed a cycling graded exercise test to determine VO2peak, time to exhaustion, power output, VO2 and % VO2peak associated with OBLA. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between PLA and SUP in direct markers of aerobic capacity (all p > .05). Heart rate at OBLA was reduced by 6 ± 6% in the PLA group post-supplementation compared to pre-supplementation (p = .03).Conclusions: Lactate supplementation did not present an advantage over a placebo in improving aerobic capacity. The results from this study support those by previous investigators suggesting that there is no physiological rationale for using lactate supplementation to improve aerobic capacity and/or performance.
背景:职业和娱乐运动员使用工效学辅助器材来提高有氧运动表现,促进训练适应,并缩短恢复时间。虽然已经广泛研究了常见的市场和商业上可买到的麦角辅助剂(即碳酸氢钠和β-丙氨酸)的麦角作用,但补充乳酸对有氧能力标志物(即VO2峰值和开始的血液乳酸积累)的有效性尚未得到彻底研究。目的:研究补充乳酸对VO2峰值和起始血乳酸积累(OBLA)的影响。方法:18名健康个体(14名男性和4名女性,年龄:24±5岁,身高:171±7cm,体重:76±17kg)参加了一项双盲安慰剂对照研究,并被随机分配到两组中的一组:安慰剂(PLA,n=8)或由乳酸镁二水合物和乳酸钙一水合物组成的补充剂(SUP,n=10)。在补充之前和之后,参与者进行了循环分级运动测试,以确定与OBLA相关的VO2峰值、衰竭时间、功率输出、VO2和%VO2峰值。结果:在有氧能力的直接指标方面,PLA和SUP之间没有统计学上的显著差异(均p>0.05)。与补充前相比,补充PLA组的OBLA心率降低了6±6%(p=0.03)。结论:在提高有氧能力方面,补充乳酸并不比安慰剂有优势。这项研究的结果支持了先前研究人员的观点,即补充乳酸以提高有氧能力和/或表现没有生理学依据。
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引用次数: 2
Associations between adiposity and physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns in older women 老年妇女肥胖与体育活动和久坐行为模式的关系
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2019.006
Zuzana SvozilovĂĄ, Jana PelclovĂĄ, Jana PechovĂĄ, Miroslava PĹidalovĂĄ, Izabela ZajÄc-Gawlak, Lenka TluÄĂĄkovĂĄ, Tereza KaplanovĂĄ
Background: Despite broad interest in physical activity (PA) and excessive sitting, it remains unclear what the actual patterns of PA and sedentary behaviour (SB) in older adults are and how they are associated with adiposity. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional associations between the total amount and defined bouts of PA and SB with adiposity indicators in older women. Methods: Data on 313 community-dwelling women was used. All women wore an accelerometer for one week and undergone the body composition analysis. We used three adiposity indicators: fat mass percentage (FM%), visceral fat area (VFA), fat mass index (FMI); and the fat-free mass index indicator (FFMI). In multiple linear regression analyses, we adjusted the models for the following confounders: age, wear time, socio-demographic information, smoking, and health status. Results: The mean values of FM%, VFA, FMI, and FFMI were 36.1%, 125.9 cm, 10 kg ⋅ m-2 and 17 kg ⋅ m-2, respectively. Each additional 150 minutes of MVPA per week (regardless of bout length) was associated with a decrease of 3.0% in FM%, 12 cm2 in VFA, and 1.5 kg ⋅ m-2 in FMI. Regarding strong association with bout frequency, doing MVPA lasting ≥ 10 minutes 15 times/week (to meet the target of at least 150 minutes of MVPA/week) would be associated with a decrease of 4.8% in FM%, 24.15 cm2 in VFA, and 2.55 kg ⋅ m-2 in FMI. Significant positive associations for FM%, VFA, and FMI were found with the duration and frequency of sedentary bouts lasting ≥ 20 minutes (β ranging from 0.05-0.42). Conclusions: Significant associations between fat indicators and both PA and SB were found in elderly women. The beneficial associations were much larger for frequency than for duration of bouted MVPA lasting ≥ 10 minutes. The results from this study using SB and PA in terms of total accumulated time and different bouts could be useful for designing interventions for community-dwelling older women.
背景:尽管人们对体育活动(PA)和过度久坐有着广泛的兴趣,但目前尚不清楚老年人的PA和久坐行为(SB)的实际模式是什么,以及它们与肥胖的关系。目的:本研究的目的是调查老年女性PA和SB的总量和定义发作次数与肥胖指标之间的横断面相关性。方法:采用313名社区妇女的资料。所有女性佩戴加速计一周,并接受身体成分分析。我们使用了三个肥胖指标:脂肪质量百分比(FM%)、内脏脂肪面积(VFA)、脂肪质量指数(FMI);以及无脂肪质量指数指标(FFMI)。在多元线性回归分析中,我们调整了以下混杂因素的模型:年龄、穿着时间、社会人口统计信息、吸烟和健康状况。结果:FM%、VFA、FMI和FFMI的平均值分别为36.1%、125.9cm、10kg·m-2和17kg·m-2。每周每增加150分钟的MVPA(无论比赛时间长短),FM%下降3.0%,VFA下降12cm2,FMI下降1.5kg·m-2。关于与发作频率的强相关性,每周15次持续≥10分钟的MVPA(以达到每周至少150分钟MVPA的目标)将使FM%下降4.8%,VFA下降24.15cm2,FMI下降2.55kg·m-2。FM%、VFA和FMI与久坐≥20分钟的持续时间和频率呈正相关(β范围为0.05-0.42)。结论:老年妇女的脂肪指标与PA和SB之间存在显著相关性。与持续时间≥10分钟的发作MVPA相比,发作频率的有益关联要大得多。这项研究使用SB和PA在总累积时间和不同发作次数方面的结果可能有助于为居住在社区的老年妇女设计干预措施。
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引用次数: 1
Association between potential parental and peers' correlates and physical activity recommendations compliance among 13-16 years old adolescents 13-16岁青少年的潜在父母和同伴相关性与体育活动建议依从性之间的关系
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2018.027
P. Bakalár, Jaroslava Kopcakova, A. Gecková
Background: Regular physical activity (PA) is one of the most cited health protective factors for the prevention of the leading noncommunicable diseases. Four-fifths of adolescents are not reaching public health guidelines for recommended levels of PA globally. Understanding factors that influence PA can aid the design of more effective interventions. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the association between potential parental and peer correlates and PA recommendations compliance among 13-16 years old adolescents. Methods: We used nationally representative data originated from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey realized in 2014 in Slovakia. Data were obtained by questionnaires measuring potential parental and peers' correlates. Gender differences were assessed using chi square test. The associations between potential parental or peers' correlates and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) of adolescents were explored using logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age, and family affluence. Interaction of the effect of each parental and peer correlate with gender on MVPA was tested. Results: Prevalence of sufficient MVPA was higher among boys than among girls (p < .001). Boys reported more frequently than girls that their best friend does sport every week or that they used to play sport with parents at least once a week (p < .001). All explored variables representing potential parental and peers' correlates were significantly associated with sufficient MVPA of adolescents. However, only the association of a best friend and father doing sport every week and playing sport with parents remained significantly associated with sufficient MVPA of adolescents in mutually adjusted model. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that best friends and fathers may play role in PA behaviour of adolescents through behaviour modelling, and parents in general through tangible parental support (playing sport with children).
背景:有规律的身体活动(PA)是预防主要非传染性疾病最常被引用的健康保护因素之一。全球五分之四的青少年没有达到公共卫生指南推荐的PA水平。了解影响前列腺癌的因素有助于设计更有效的干预措施。目的:本研究的目的是评估13-16岁青少年潜在的父母和同伴相关因素与PA建议依从性之间的关系。方法:我们使用来自斯洛伐克2014年学龄儿童健康行为调查的具有全国代表性的数据。数据是通过问卷调查获得的,测量潜在的父母和同伴的相关性。性别差异采用卡方检验评估。本研究采用经性别、年龄和家庭富裕程度调整后的logistic回归模型,探讨了潜在父母或同伴相关因素与青少年中度至重度PA (MVPA)之间的关系。考察了父母、同伴各相关因素与性别对MVPA影响的交互作用。结果:足量MVPA在男孩中的患病率高于女孩(p < 0.001)。男孩比女孩更频繁地报告他们最好的朋友每周都做运动,或者他们曾经每周至少和父母一起做一次运动(p < 0.001)。所有被探索的变量代表潜在的父母和同伴的相关性与青少年足够的MVPA显著相关。然而,在相互调节模型中,只有最好的朋友和父亲每周做运动和与父母一起做运动与青少年足够的MVPA仍然显著相关。结论:我们的研究结果表明,最好的朋友和父亲可能通过行为建模在青少年的PA行为中发挥作用,而父母通常通过有形的父母支持(与孩子一起运动)在青少年的PA行为中发挥作用。
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引用次数: 6
The effects of self-controlled and instructor-controlled feedback on motor learning and intrinsic motivation among novice adolescent taekwondo players 自我控制与教练控制反馈对青少年跆拳道新手运动学习与内在动机的影响
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.5507/ag.2019.002
R. Goudini, Saeed Ashrafpoornavaee, A. Farsi
Background: Although the useful effects of self-controlled feedback on motor skills learning have been proven, a study dealing with the effects of self-controlled and instructor-controlled feedback on learning and intrinsic motivation among novice taekwondo players has so far not been conducted. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of self-controlled and instructor-controlled feedback on learning the ap chagi technique and intrinsic motivation among novice adolescent taekwondo players. Methods: Thirty participants (12.43 ± 2.08 years) were selected purposefully and homogeneously based on pre-test scores. They were categorized in the three groups, namely self-control, yoked, and instructor-control. The acquisition phase consisted of 100 ap chagi in 10 blocks of 10 trials. The practices were done over four days and the retention test was conducted 48 hours after the last practice session. The Intrinsic Motivation Inventory was administered to evaluate participants' subjective experience associated with the target task. The task included the ap chagi technique that contained five sub-scales were derived from the evaluation form of World Taekwondo Federation for rating the trials. Mixed and one-way ANOVA models were utilized to analyze the data. Results: The results demonstrated that self-control group have better ap chagi performance during retention test compared to other groups (p = .007). Moreover, the results of intrinsic motivation questionnaire indicated that motivation of self-control group was higher, especially in terms of perceived competence (p = .004) than the other two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the usefulness of self-controlled feedback for motor learning by way of an ap chagi technique task. Feedback also affects a learner's intrinsic motivation, which, in turn, seems to improve learning.
背景:虽然自我控制反馈对运动技能学习的有益作用已被证实,但目前尚未有关于自我控制反馈和教练控制反馈对新手跆拳道运动员学习和内在动机影响的研究。摘要目的:本研究旨在探讨自我控制反馈与教练控制反馈对青少年跆拳道新手攻击技术学习及内在动机的影响。方法:有目的、均匀地选取年龄为12.43±2.08岁的30名受试者。他们被分为三组,即自我控制,捆绑和指导者控制。获取阶段包括100个ap chagi,分为10个批次,每批次10次试验。练习时间为4天,记忆力测试在最后一次练习后48小时进行。使用内在动机量表来评估参与者与目标任务相关的主观体验。本课题包括ap chagi技术,其中包含五个子量表,由世界跆拳道联合会评价表导出,用于对试验进行评分。采用混合和单向方差分析模型对数据进行分析。结果:自我控制组在记忆测试中的ap chagi表现优于其他组(p = .007)。此外,内在动机问卷调查结果显示,自我控制组的动机高于其他两组,尤其是在感知能力方面(p = 0.004)。结论:本研究的结果证实了自我控制反馈在动作学习中的作用。反馈也会影响学习者的内在动机,而这反过来似乎又能提高学习效果。
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引用次数: 10
The effect of tennis match play on joint range of motion in junior players 网球比赛对青少年运动员关节活动范围的影响
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2018.028
Rok Šrimpf, Tjasa Filipcic, A. Filipcic
Background: Tennis players perform a large number of multidirectional and cutting movements, together with asymmetrical rotational motions resulting from serves and groundstrokes. Numerous shot repetitions and multidirectional motions directly influence a tennis player's upper and lower extremity joint range of motion (ROM). Objective: This study evaluated the changes in the range of motion of junior tennis players before and after match play. Methods: Twelve male (age 14.4 ± 1.3 years) and twelve female (age 13.4 ± 2.1 years) junior tennis players participated in the study. Two skilled experts performed 13 tests to measure passive range of motion of the dominant and non-dominant shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and subtalar joints, before and after match play. The t-test and Wilcoxon test were used to determine the differences between the ROM before and after the tennis match, and the differences between the dominant and non-dominant sides of the body. Results: Bilateral measurement of the internal rotation of the shoulder joints, forearm pronation, and inversion of the subtalar joints before match play, show significant differences between extremities, similarly as the elevation of the arm in the coronal plane and forearm pronation, after a tennis match, were also found to display statistically significant differences. ROM values were higher for the internal rotation of both shoulders, external rotation of the non-dominant shoulder, elevation of the arms in the coronal plane, flexion in the elbow joints, pronation in the forearms, adduction in the hips, as well as eversion and inversion of the subtalar joints. Conclusions: Male and female junior tennis players increase their joint ROM during match play through motions which are involved in the execution of tennis shots and tennis movement patterns. Tennis matches that last 90 minutes or less do not have a negative impact on the flexibility of young tennis players.
背景:网球运动员进行大量的多向和切入动作,以及发球和滚地球造成的不对称旋转动作。多次重复击球和多向运动直接影响网球运动员的上下肢关节运动范围(ROM)。目的:评价青少年网球运动员比赛前后运动范围的变化。方法:12名男性(年龄14.4±1.3岁)和12名女性(年龄13.4±2.1岁)青少年网球运动员参加研究。两位技术娴熟的专家在比赛前后进行了13项测试,以测量主要和非主要肩部、肘部、手腕、髋关节、膝盖和距下关节的被动运动范围。使用t检验和Wilcoxon检验来确定网球比赛前后ROM之间的差异,以及身体优势侧和非优势侧之间的差异。结果:比赛前对肩关节内旋、前臂内旋和距下关节内翻的双侧测量显示,四肢之间存在显著差异,就像网球比赛后手臂在冠状面上的抬高和前臂内旋一样,也显示出统计学上的显著差异。两肩的内旋、非显性肩的外旋、臂在冠状面内的抬高、肘关节屈曲、前臂内旋、髋关节内收以及距下关节外翻和内翻的ROM值较高。结论:男、女青少年网球运动员在比赛中通过参与击球和网球运动模式的动作来提高关节ROM。持续90分钟或更短时间的网球比赛不会对年轻网球运动员的灵活性产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 1
Self-esteem, anxiety and coping strategies to manage stress in ice hockey 冰球运动员压力管理的自尊、焦虑和应对策略
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2018.026
Adriana Kaplánová
Background: Sweating, increased heart rate, fidgeting, worrying thoughts and fear of failure are typical symptoms of an inability to manage stress in an important moment of match. Thus, there is well-founded need for psychological training that can help ice hockey players to control their emotions in stressful situations. Objective: Because of a lack of research monitoring mental skills of ice hockey players, the aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, anxiety of ice hockey players and their coping strategies to manage stress. Methods: The study sample consisted of 40 male ice hockey players with age of 21.67 ± 1.94 years. The level of self-esteem was evaluated by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale RSES, anxiety was measured by the Sport Anxiety Scale SAS-2, and coping strategies to manage stress were assessed by the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory ACSI-28. The study used the correlational research design with Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: We found that coping strategies to manage stress have significant relationship with at least one anxiety construct of the ice hockey players, namely coping with adversity, coachability, concentration, goal setting and mental preparation, peaking under pressure and freedom from worry. We also found that coping strategies to manage stress have significant relationship with the self-esteem of ice hockey players, namely coping with adversity, concentration and freedom from worry. Conclusion: Our research showed that the level of coping strategies to manage stress varies according to the level of self-esteem and the level of the anxiety. It seems that reduced anxiety and increased self-esteem can lead to better stress management and optimal competition performance.
背景:出汗、心率加快、坐立不安、担心失败是在比赛的重要时刻无法控制压力的典型症状。因此,有充分的理由需要心理训练,以帮助冰球运动员在紧张的情况下控制自己的情绪。目的:由于缺乏对冰球运动员心理技能的监测研究,本研究旨在探讨冰球运动员的自尊、焦虑与应对策略之间的关系。方法:研究对象为40名男性冰球运动员,年龄21.67±1.94岁。自尊水平采用Rosenberg自尊量表RSES进行评估,焦虑采用运动焦虑量表SAS-2进行测量,应对策略采用运动应对技能量表ACSI-28进行评估。本研究采用Spearman相关系数相关研究设计。结果:我们发现,应对压力的策略与冰球运动员的至少一种焦虑结构存在显著关系,即应对逆境、可教练性、专注力、目标设定和心理准备、在压力下达到顶峰和摆脱担忧。我们还发现,应对压力的策略与冰球运动员的自尊有显著关系,即应对逆境、集中注意力和摆脱担忧。结论:我们的研究表明,管理压力的应对策略水平随着自尊水平和焦虑水平的不同而不同。似乎减少焦虑和增强自尊可以带来更好的压力管理和最佳的竞争表现。
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引用次数: 18
Physical self-esteem of wheelchair basketball players 轮椅篮球运动员的身体自尊
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2018.025
Samir Qasim, Yaser Telfah, Yazan Haddad
Background: Physical self has been considered as one of the most important factors that impact global self-esteem. Similarly to global self-esteem, physical self is now widely accepted as a multidimensional construct which contains more specific perceptions across various domains. However, limited research examined physical self of athletes with physical disabilities. Objective: This study, aimed to investigate physical self-esteem of wheelchair basketball players and to explore correlations among various physical domains and physical self-esteem. Methods: Forty one basketball players who participated in West Asian Wheelchair Basketball Championship for the clubs completed Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ). It is a 70-item questionnaire that measures physical self-perception across nine domains: Health, Coordination, Activity, Body Fat, Sport Competence, Appearance, Strength, Flexibility, and Endurance. Additionally, this questionnaire assesses each of Physical Self-Esteem and Global Self-Esteem. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure these correlations. Results: Study results showed that the participants reported positive perceptions across all physical domains as means ranged from 3.86 to 4.93 (out of 6). The highest mean was 4.93 for global self-esteem followed by physical appearance and body fat (mean 4.75 and 4.70 respectively), whereas physical activity had the lowest mean of 3.86. Furthermore, all domains were significantly correlated to the physical self-esteem. Importantly, coordination accounted for 85.9% and 54.4% of the variance in physical self-esteem and physical activity respectively.Conclusion: This study supports a multidimensional construct of physical self-esteem, suggesting that PSDQ may be applied on the wheelchair basketball players in the Middle East countries.
背景:身体自我被认为是影响全球自尊的最重要因素之一。与全球自尊类似,身体自我现在被广泛接受为一个多维结构,它包含了不同领域的更具体的感知。然而,对身体残疾运动员身体自我的调查研究有限。目的:研究轮椅篮球运动员的身体自尊,并探讨各身体领域与身体自尊的相关关系。方法:对参加西亚轮椅篮球锦标赛的41名俱乐部篮球运动员进行身体自我描述问卷(PSDQ)调查。这是一份包含70个项目的问卷,测量了9个领域的身体自我感知:健康、协调、活动、体脂、运动能力、外表、力量、灵活性和耐力。此外,本问卷还评估了身体自尊和整体自尊。使用Pearson相关系数来衡量这些相关性。结果:研究结果显示,参与者对所有身体领域的积极看法的平均值从3.86到4.93不等(满分6分)。整体自尊的平均值最高为4.93,其次是外表和体脂(平均值分别为4.75和4.70),而身体活动的平均值最低为3.86。此外,所有领域都与身体自尊显著相关。重要的是,协调性分别占身体自尊和身体活动方差的85.9%和54.4%。结论:本研究支持身体自尊的多维结构,提示PSDQ可能适用于中东国家轮椅篮球运动员。
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引用次数: 3
Comparison of foot loading and foot strike pattern in women running in minimalist and conventional sports shoes 极简跑鞋与常规跑鞋女性跑步时足部负荷与脚击模式的比较
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2019.003
S. Jandova, J. Charousek, M. Janura
Background: At present, most runners use conventional sports shoes to protect and absorb the impacts that may cause overloading of the feet and joints. On the other hand, some runners tend to run almost barefoot or in minimalist footwear that may lead to foot strike pattern changes. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse and to compare the foot strike pattern and foot loading when running in conventional running shoes (CRS) and minimalist running shoes (MRS) in a group of recreational women runners. Methods: A group of 14 experienced recreational women runners participated in this research. A Pedar-X system (Novel, Munich, Germany) was used to analyse the interaction of the foot with the ground while running in different type of shoes from as it relates to vertical force and plantar pressure distribution. The participants ran over a distance of 100 m with their habitual foot strike pattern in minimalist and also in conventional running shoes and data was always obtained while running along a straight 50 m long section (v = 3.33 ± 0.2 m ⋅ s -1 ). For assessment of the temporal and kinetics variables differences, the Wilcoxon test and the unpaired t-tests were used. Results: Recreational women runners showed statistically significant shift of the plantar pressures towards the forefoot when running in MRS compared to CRS (p = .047). Duration of swing phase in MRS and in CRS was similar (p = .291). When running in MRS, foot loading during initial contact was significantly higher than when running in CRS. Loading in the area of midfoot and forefoot was significantly higher in MRS too. Conclusions: Runners shifted their foot strike pattern forward when running in MRS; running in MRS may increase the foot loading and we recommend the use of minimalist footwear only after adequate foot strengthening and adaptation to avoid possible risk of foot injuries.
背景:目前,大多数跑步者使用传统的运动鞋来保护和吸收可能导致脚部和关节过载的冲击。另一方面,一些跑步者倾向于几乎赤脚或穿着极简主义的鞋子跑步,这可能会导致脚部撞击模式的变化。目的:本研究旨在分析和比较一组休闲女性跑步者在穿着传统跑鞋(CRS)和极简跑鞋(MRS)跑步时的足部撞击模式和足部负荷。方法:14名经验丰富的休闲型女性跑步者参与本研究。Pedar-X系统(Novel,德国慕尼黑)用于分析穿着不同类型鞋子跑步时脚与地面的相互作用,因为它与垂直力和足底压力分布有关。参与者穿着极简主义和传统跑鞋,以他们的习惯性足部撞击模式跑了100米的距离,数据总是在沿着50米长的直线段(v=3.33±0.2米·s-1)跑步时获得的。为了评估时间和动力学变量的差异,使用了Wilcoxon检验和非配对t检验。结果:与CRS相比,娱乐性女性跑步者在MRS中跑步时足底压力向前掌方向的变化具有统计学意义(p=0.047)。MRS和CRS中挥杆阶段的持续时间相似(p=.291)。在MRS下跑步时,初次接触时的足负荷显著高于CRS。MRS中足和前掌区域的负荷也显著较高。结论:在MRS中跑步时,跑步者的足部撞击模式向前移动;在MRS中跑步可能会增加足部负荷,我们建议只有在充分加强和适应足部后才使用极简鞋,以避免足部受伤的可能风险。
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引用次数: 4
Playing tennis matches on clay court surfaces are associated with more perceived enjoyment response but less perceived exertion compared to hard courts 与硬地球场相比,在红土球场打网球会产生更多的感知享受反应,但较少的感知劳累反应
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.5507/AG.2018.021
Bülent Ki̇li̇t, Erşan Arslan
Background: A few studies have shown that different types of court surfaces can have different effects on tennis match performance in different age groups, however, no studies have researched on tennis match performance responses in young tennis players. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different court surfaces on psychophysiological responses, time-motion and match characteristics of young tennis players. Methods: Twenty-six young male tennis players (age 13.0 ± 0.3 years, body height 158 ± 8 cm, body mass 48 ± 7 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Heart rate was monitored along with total distance covered in four different speed zones-walking, low-intensity running, moderate-intensity running and high-intensity running, using two portable multivariable integrated 10 Hz GPS monitoring devices over twenty-six outdoor tennis matches; ratings of perceived exertion and enjoyment level were also determined at the end of the matches. Variables describing the characteristics of the matches determined from video recordings were: strokes per rally, rally duration, effective playing time, work-to-rest ratio and rest time between rallies. Differences between hard and clay courts were assessed by a paired t-test. Results: The results showed that clay court surfaces induced significantly more perceived enjoyment scores (29.4 ± 2.8 vs. 26.0 ± 3.2) with lower perceived exertion level (13.4 ± 2.7 vs. 14.4 ± 2.9) compared to hard courts. Moreover, a clay court surface is also more effective at improving physiological responses, time-motion and match characteristics compared to hard court. Conclusions: If a coach strives to improve their young tennis players' tennis-specific performance with greater physical enjoyment, clay court surfaces should be specially used in their tennis training season.
背景:少数研究表明,不同类型的场地对不同年龄组的网球比赛表现有不同的影响,但尚未有研究对年轻网球运动员的网球比赛表现反应进行研究。目的:探讨不同场地对青少年网球运动员心理生理反应、时间运动和比赛特征的影响。方法:26名青年男子网球运动员(年龄13.0±0.3岁,身高158±8 cm,体重48±7 kg)自愿参加研究。采用2台便携式多变量集成10hz GPS监测装置,对26场室外网球比赛进行了步行、低强度跑步、中强度跑步和高强度跑步4个不同速度区心率和总距离的监测;在比赛结束时,还确定了感知运动和享受程度的评级。从录像中确定的描述比赛特征的变量包括:每回合击球数、回合持续时间、有效比赛时间、工作休息比和回合之间的休息时间。通过配对t检验评估硬地和红土球场之间的差异。结果:与硬地场地相比,红土场地的感知享受得分(29.4±2.8比26.0±3.2)明显高于硬地场地,感知劳累水平(13.4±2.7比14.4±2.9)明显低于硬地场地。此外,与硬地球场相比,红土球场在改善生理反应、时间运动和比赛特征方面也更有效。结论:如果教练努力提高青少年网球运动员的网球专项表现,并获得更大的身体享受,则应在其网球训练赛季中专门使用红土场地。
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引用次数: 6
The role of the YMCA in shaping modern sport and the Olympic Movement in Germany 基督教青年会在德国塑造现代体育和奥林匹克运动中的作用
IF 1.1 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.5507/ag.2018.022
T. Tlustý
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引用次数: 0
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Acta Gymnica
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