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Inclining Mimesis: Continuing the Dialogue with Adriana Cavarero 倾向模仿:继续与阿德里亚娜·卡瓦雷罗的对话
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2233114
N. Lawtoo, Adriana Cavarero
ABSTRACT In this article, Adriana Cavarero and Nidesh Lawtoo resume a dialogue on mimetic inclinations in view of furthering a relational, embodied and affective conception of subjectivity that challenges homo erectus from the immanent perspective of homo mimeticus. If a dominant philosophical tradition tends to restrict mimesis to an illusory representation of reality, Plato was the first to know that mimesis also operates as an affective force, or pathos, that dispossesses the subject. While Plato tended to emphasize the pathological implications of mimesis, Cavarero and Lawtoo agree that both mimesis and inclinations go beyond good and evil and can be put to both pathological and democratic use. Picking up a dialogue started during a walk in New York City, Cavarero and Lawtoo, take their shared interests in Joseph Conrad's relating narratives as an occasion to discuss good and bad mimetic inclinations in contemporary politics and ethics. Joined in conclusion by the Gendered Mimesis team (Willow Verkerk, Isabelle Dahms and Giulia Rignano), topics addressed include new fascism, surging democracy, ethical responsibility for vulnerable others, hypermaternity and public happiness in a precarious world.
摘要在这篇文章中,Adriana Cavarero和Nidesh Lawtoo就拟态倾向展开了对话,以期从拟态的内在角度进一步推进一种关系的、具体的和情感的主体性概念,挑战直立人。如果说一个占主导地位的哲学传统倾向于将模仿限制为对现实的虚幻再现,那么柏拉图是第一个知道模仿也是一种情感力量或悲情,它剥夺了主体。虽然柏拉图倾向于强调模仿的病理含义,但卡瓦雷罗和劳托一致认为,模仿和倾向都超越了善和恶,可以被用于病理和民主。Cavarero和Lawtoo在纽约市散步时开始了一场对话,他们对约瑟夫·康拉德的相关叙事有着共同的兴趣,以此讨论当代政治和伦理中好的和坏的模仿倾向。最后,Gendered Mimesis团队(Willow Verkerk、Isabelle Dahms和Giulia Rignano)也加入了进来,讨论的主题包括新法西斯主义、激增的民主、对弱势他人的道德责任、超产妇和不稳定世界中的公共幸福。
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引用次数: 0
Mimetic Apprehension: Care, Inclination and the Weather of Antiblackness 模拟理解:关怀、倾向与对抗天气
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2233113
Timothy J. Huzar
ABSTRACT In this article I further Adriana Cavarero and Nidesh Lawtoo’s discussion of “mimetic inclination” to consider the way a person can be known in their uniqueness. Cavarero says that we receive a sense of the uniqueness of another by relating their narrative. I suggest that this also reveals a sense of the uniqueness of the one narrating, and that this can be understood as a practice of care. This narration is, as a consequence, distinct from representation (which itself is distinct from mimesis) and is better described as apprehension. By drawing on Toni Morrison’s Beloved and Christina Sharpe’s In the Wake: On Blackness and Being, I detail a primary form of care connected to apprehension that is engendered by what Sharpe calls “the weather of antiblackness”. Morrison both details this form of care in Beloved and practises it herself in her storytelling. This expands feminist analyses of vulnerability, providing critical resources for rethinking existence apart from its colonial and patriarchal articulation.
摘要在这篇文章中,我进一步阐述了Adriana Cavarero和Nidesh Lawtoo关于“模仿倾向”的讨论,即考虑一个人的独特性。卡瓦雷罗说,我们通过讲述另一个人的故事来获得一种独特感。我认为这也揭示了一种叙述的独特性,这可以被理解为一种关怀的实践。因此,这种叙述不同于表象(表象本身也不同于模仿),更好地描述为理解。通过借鉴托尼·莫里森(Toni Morrison)的《宠儿》(Beloved)和克里斯蒂娜·夏普(Christina Sharpe。莫里森在《宠儿》中详细描述了这种形式的关怀,并在她的故事中亲自实践。这扩展了女权主义对脆弱性的分析,为重新思考殖民地和父权制之外的存在提供了重要的资源。
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引用次数: 0
Cavarero’s Muse: The Troubling Power of Mimetic Inclinations 卡瓦雷罗的缪斯:模仿倾向的令人不安的力量
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2233110
Giulia Ulla Rignano
ABSTRACT This article engages with Adriana Cavarero’s analysis of the Muse of Greek oral poetry to rethink the relationship between mimesis and narration, and the shaping power of the act of narration on the subject. I suggest that Cavarero’s reading of the Muse provides an understanding of mimesis that moves beyond representation to a form of contagion between embodied and temporal subjectivities. To clarify this, I show how Cavarero’s Muse anticipates her critique of rectitude in Inclinations and makes it clear that the inclined subject is not only the vulnerable and open subject as opposed to the vertical and autonomous one, but also the subject that has the power to incline the narratives that mimetically straighten it. The aim is to understand mimetic inclinations as destabilising voices of vertical narrations. As a concrete example of the troubling power of mimetic inclinations, I propose a rereading of Cavarero’s technique of theft presented in In Spite of Plato as a strategy of mimetic resistance.
本文结合卡瓦雷罗对希腊口述诗歌缪斯的分析,重新思考模仿与叙事的关系,以及叙事行为对主体的塑造力。我认为卡瓦雷罗对缪斯的解读提供了一种对模仿的理解,这种模仿超越了再现,变成了一种肉体和时间主体性之间的传染。为了澄清这一点,我展示了卡瓦雷罗的缪斯是如何在《倾向》中预见到她对正直的批判,并明确指出,倾向的主体不仅是脆弱和开放的主体,与垂直和自主的主体相反,而且是有能力倾斜叙事的主体,模仿地使其变得正直。其目的是将模仿倾向理解为垂直叙事的不稳定声音。作为模仿倾向令人不安的力量的一个具体例子,我建议重读卡瓦雷罗在《尽管柏拉图》中提出的偷窃技巧,作为一种模仿抵抗的策略。
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引用次数: 0
A Re-evaluation of the Androcentric Subject of European Philosophy 重新评价欧洲哲学的男权主体
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2233109
W. Verkerk
ABSTRACT This paper takes Cavarero’s arguments against the Homo erectus seriously and asks: how can we model an alternative to it? It proposes that a notion of the mimetically inclined subject is required, one that thickens Cavarero’s affirmative account of inclination by way of a new philosophical understanding of mimesis that includes habit and disciplinarity. Following Cavarero, the mother is positioned as a key figure to place nurturing and love at the centre of subject-making. However, they are shown to be a necessary but not sufficient step for the process of re-evaluation. An account of disciplinary mimesis which draws on a Nietzschean legacy in Michel Foucault and Judith Butler, together with Simone de Beauvoir’s account of woman as a situation, demonstrate the pitfalls of idealizing the mother. I argue that to challenge the particularized universalism of the European subject with an affirmative account of mimetic inclination, other figures which embrace Cavarero’s notion of relational vulnerability alongside the mother are required. The agonistic friend who practices an open, feminist curiosity is proposed as one such exemplar and, in closing remarks, I gesture to other necessary models in feminist and Indigenous thought that are key to remaking the androcentric subject of European philosophy.
摘要本文认真对待卡瓦雷罗反对直立人的论点,并提出一个问题:我们如何建模一个替代直立人的模型?它提出需要一个模仿倾向主体的概念,通过对模仿的新的哲学理解,包括习惯性和纪律性,使卡瓦雷罗对倾向的肯定性描述更加丰富。继卡瓦雷罗之后,母亲被定位为将养育和爱置于主题制作中心的关键人物。然而,它们被证明是重新评估过程中必要但不充分的步骤。米歇尔·福柯(Michel Foucault)和朱迪斯·巴特勒(Judith Butler。我认为,为了用对模仿倾向的肯定描述来挑战欧洲主题的特殊普遍主义,需要其他人物与母亲一起接受卡瓦雷罗的关系脆弱性概念。这位痛苦的朋友践行着开放的、女权主义的好奇心,被认为是这样一个例子,在结束语中,我向女权主义和土著思想中的其他必要模式致敬,这些模式是重塑欧洲哲学以男性为中心的主题的关键。
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引用次数: 0
Social Reproduction is not a Fairy Tale: A Conversation Between Axel Honneth, Silvia Federici, and Nancy Fraser 社会再生产不是童话:Axel Honneth、Silvia Federici和Nancy Fraser的对话
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2195800
Bárbara Buril Lins
ABSTRACT This article establishes a dialogue between the philosopher Axel Honneth and the feminist scholars Silvia Federici and Nancy Fraser. The aim is to emphasize the limits of Honneth’s philosophical reflections on the normative dimension of the family developed in Freedom’s Right. First, I present his ideas on how a normative expectation of social freedom permeates familial relations. According to him, after women entered the labour market, a normative notion of symmetrical participation in the family was produced. I aim to defend here that, whether normative or not, this idea of family is not only limited but also false, since it does not consider the dilemmas of social reproduction whose consequences contradict social freedom. Next, I develop Federici’s and Fraser’s analyses of how families have always faced conflicts concerning the requirements of social reproduction and have produced diverse forms of subjugation that go against the very idea of the family as an unquestioned sphere of freedom. It is necessary to analyse how families produce new forms of subjugation to transform familial relations into truly possible ways of being socially free – and this requires making visible some figures who structure the family, such as nannies, friends and grandparents.
本文建立了哲学家阿克塞尔·洪内斯与女权主义学者西尔维娅·费德里奇和南希·弗雷泽的对话。其目的是强调洪尼斯在《自由的权利》中对家庭规范维度的哲学思考的局限性。首先,我介绍了他关于社会自由的规范性期望如何渗透到家庭关系中的观点。据他说,妇女进入劳动力市场后,产生了对称参与家庭的规范概念。我的目的是在这里捍卫,无论是否规范,这种家庭观念不仅是有限的,而且是错误的,因为它没有考虑到社会再生产的困境,其后果与社会自由相矛盾。接下来,我发展了费德里奇和弗雷泽的分析,即家庭如何总是面临与社会再生产要求有关的冲突,并产生了各种形式的征服,这与家庭作为一个毫无疑问的自由领域的理念背道而驰。有必要分析家庭是如何产生新形式的征服的,以将家庭关系转变为真正可能的社会自由方式——这需要让一些构建家庭的人物,如保姆、朋友和祖父母,变得可见。
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引用次数: 0
The Children Who Have No Part: A Rancièrian Perspective on Child Politics 没有参与的儿童:儿童政治的rancirian视角
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2195802
Itay Snir
ABSTRACT Children have always been an essential part of politics. However, the political struggles in which children are involved are rarely, if at all, for the equality of children as such. Struggles for the benefit of children are nearly always led by adults, focusing on children’s rights in an adult-dominated world. In this paper, I develop the possibility of Children’s political struggle for equality, informed by the political philosophy of Jacque Rancière. I present the educational backdrop for Rancière’s claim that all intelligences are equal, and argue that it implies that children are by nature equal to adults, hence also equally capable of political action. By demonstrating that children are a “part of those who have no part” in the existing sociopolitical order, I examine the possibility of a collective political subject of children, and articulate the implications child politics may have.
儿童一直是政治的重要组成部分。然而,涉及儿童的政治斗争,如果有的话,很少是为了儿童本身的平等。为儿童争取利益的斗争几乎总是由成年人领导的,重点是在成人主导的世界中儿童的权利。在本文中,我发展了儿童为平等而进行政治斗争的可能性,并以雅克·朗西的政治哲学为依据。我介绍了朗西声称所有智力都是平等的教育背景,并认为这意味着儿童在本质上与成人平等,因此也同样有能力进行政治行动。通过证明儿童在现有的社会政治秩序中是“那些没有部分的人的一部分”,我研究了儿童集体政治主体的可能性,并阐明了儿童政治可能具有的含义。
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引用次数: 0
Retaining the Good, the True and the Beautiful, While Bringing Critical Theory Down to Earth 坚持善、真、美,把批判理论落到实处
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2195804
J. Braun
ABSTRACT I emphasize how The Return of Work in Critical Theory: Self, Society, Politics deals with details on labor problems ordinarily not handled by modern day critical theory, whereas Experience: New Foundations for the Human Sciences to a large extent justifies the use of a phenomenological approach to psychology with applications for theory building in general, and Authoritarianism: Three Inquiries in Critical Theory provides commentary on the concept of authoritarianism that has ramifications for use of critical theory for understanding political problems. I emphasize the distinction between naturalism of the sort practiced in the physical sciences and neo-Kantian historicism that reflects religious ideals of morality even if in secular form. Thus, I distinguish between motive (can be driven by psychological impulse, but often comes originally from the acceptance of cultural meaning), and mechanism that has explanatory value because of acceptance of the reality of physical causality, usually the result of social structure acting as a controlling mechanism. Similar distinctions are made by Scott Lash, for the purpose of distinguishing between deductive and inductive reasoning. The book on authoritarianism is discussed with emphasis on how their conceptualization fits neither deductive nor inductive conceptualizations entirely. I conclude with a commonsense discussion of these same topics.
摘要:我强调《批判理论中的工作回报:自我、社会、政治》如何处理现代批判理论通常无法处理的劳动问题的细节,而《经验:人文科学的新基础》在很大程度上证明了心理学的现象学方法在理论构建中的应用,《威权主义:批判理论中的三个问题》对威权主义的概念进行了评论,这对使用批判理论理解政治问题产生了影响。我强调物理科学中实践的自然主义和反映宗教道德理想的新康德历史主义之间的区别,即使是世俗形式的,以及由于接受了物理因果关系的现实而具有解释价值的机制,通常是社会结构作为控制机制的结果。Scott Lash也做出了类似的区分,目的是区分演绎推理和归纳推理。这本关于威权主义的书讨论了他们的概念化如何既不完全符合演绎概念化,也不完全符合归纳概念化。最后,我对这些相同的主题进行了常识性的讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Jaeggi, Agamben and the Critique of Forms of Life 贾基,阿甘本与《生命形式批判
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2195801
Ö. Özden
ABSTRACT In this paper, I will try to address the question of how to conceptualise a form of life that is better than others, by putting Rahel Jaeggi’s pragmatism inspired critical theory and Giorgio Agamben’s genealogical perspective in conversation. I argue that for both authors the critique of forms of life is intertwined with “the critique of how”. Not restricting itself to ethical abstinence, and without imposing certain norms upon forms of life, “the critique of how” focuses on the reflexive capacity of forms of life, or their ability to question how they become what they are, which gives rise to an increased perception of the connections and continuities of activities in which they are engaged. In this sense, it may become possible to free the present in order to open it to contingency, and to see the glimpses of a better form of life.
摘要在本文中,我将试图通过将拉赫尔·贾吉的实用主义启发的批判理论和乔治·阿甘本的系谱学视角放在对话中,来解决如何将一种比其他人更好的生活形式概念化的问题。我认为,对两位作者来说,对生活形式的批判与“如何批判”交织在一起。不局限于道德禁欲,也不将某些规范强加给生活形式,“对如何”的批判关注于生活形式的反射能力,或他们质疑自己如何成为自己的能力,这让人们对他们所从事的活动的联系和连续性有了更多的认识。从这个意义上说,为了让当下变得偶然,并看到更好的生活形式,解放当下可能成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Reconstructive Critique as Immanent Critique: On the Notion of Surplus of Validity in Axel Honneth’s Theory of Recognition 作为内在批判的重构批判——论阿克塞尔·霍内斯承认理论的有效性剩余概念
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2023.2195799
Luiz Repa
ABSTRACT The article argues that Honneth’s idea of reconstructive critique represents a type of immanent critique. Starting from the objection raised by Rahel Jaeggi, who considers the reconstructive critique to be a genre of internal criticism devoid of any transformative negativity, it seeks to show, on the contrary, that Honneth’s notion of “surplus of validity” plays a role of transcendence within the historical reality, which could explain his understanding of reconstructive critique as immanent one. In the second part, the paper displays how Honneth applies this conception of critique to solve the division within Critical Theory, induced by Habermas’s use of the idea of rational reconstruction, which would have split off the tasks of founding the normative criteria and discovering immanently elements for the social transformation. In the third part, the category of surplus of validity is investigated in its function of enlightening possibilities of transformation following an “universal-particular dialectic”. In its final part, the paper addresses some conceptual difficulties in Honneth’s attempt to clarify the systematic value and philosophical meaning of the surplus of validity within the framework of normative reconstruction.
本文认为,霍内斯的重构批判思想代表了一种内在批判。从Rahel Jaeggi认为重建性批判是一种没有任何变革性否定性的内部批评类型的反对出发,试图表明,相反,Honneth的“有效性剩余”概念在历史现实中起着超越的作用,这可以解释他对重建性批判的理解是内在的。在第二部分中,本文展示了霍内斯如何运用这一批判概念来解决哈贝马斯使用理性重建思想所引发的批判理论内部的分裂,这将分裂出建立规范标准和发现社会转型的内在要素的任务。第三部分考察了有效性剩余范畴在遵循“普遍-特殊辩证法”的前提下对转化可能性的启示作用。在文章的最后一部分,本文讨论了Honneth试图在规范重建的框架内阐明有效性剩余的系统价值和哲学意义时遇到的一些概念上的困难。
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引用次数: 0
The Pervert’s Guide to Political Philosophy: Agonism and the Ontology of Power 变态的政治哲学指南:斗争主义和权力本体论
IF 0.4 Q3 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2022.2104079
Santiago Castro-Gómez
ABSTRACT This article is a slightly modified version of the first part of Chapter 4 of Revoluciones sin sujeto. Slavoj Žižek’s y la crítica del historicismo posmoderno (Madrid: Akal, 2015) translated by Douglas Kristopher Smith and Nicolas Lema Habash. This text seeks to overcome the scission between Slavoy Žižek and Michel Foucault by challenging the notion that Foucault lacks an ontology of power, beyond contingent historical processes. By exposing the underlying Nietzschean relational ontology of struggle—as distinct from a fundamental, positive grounding—in Foucault’s work, the piece shows how this aspect has been largely misunderstood—including by Žižek himself. Furthermore, it demonstrates how this agonistic ontology of human experience can serve to shed light on Žižek’s notion of the incompleteness of the subject by bringing it into the realm of politics.
本文是对《论服从的革命》第四章第一部分略作修改的版本。斯拉沃伊Žižek的《y la crítica del historicismo posmoderno》(马德里:Akal出版社,2015),道格拉斯·克里斯托弗·史密斯和尼古拉斯·勒玛·哈巴什译。本文试图克服斯拉沃伊Žižek和米歇尔·福柯之间的分歧,挑战福柯缺乏权力本体论的观念,超越偶然的历史过程。通过揭露尼采式的斗争关系本体论——与福柯作品中根本的、积极的基础截然不同——这篇文章展示了这方面是如何在很大程度上被误解的——包括Žižek自己。此外,它还展示了人类经验的这种对抗本体论如何能够通过将主体带入政治领域来阐明Žižek关于主体不完整性的概念。
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引用次数: 0
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Critical Horizons
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