Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000149
Chenxi Pan, Monika Urban, Benjamin Schüz
Abstract: Background: Digital Behavior Change Interventions (DBCIs) offer substantial potential to widely disseminate prevention and health promotion content. One key issue remains the absence of high-quality evidence of the effects of DBCIs for long-term health outcomes and unintended consequences. Here, we argue that in addition to better-quality evidence for effects on health, a more consideration of unintended consequences of DBCIs on multiple levels is warranted. Objectives: We suggest a multilevel perspective on unintended consequences of DBCIs building on a socio-ecological understanding of health promotion and prevention. Methods: Narrative literature review. Results: Unintended consequences of DBCIs can be located on the level of the individual engaging with DBCIs, on a level of social interactions, and on the level of health services, in multiple domains from health-related, behavior modification, affective aspects to data privacy and financial implications. Implications: Our proposed social–ecological perspective improves the classification of unintended consequences of DBCIs. This could facilitate building a cumulative evidence base to support the development of more effective and inclusive DBCIs.
{"title":"Unintended Consequences of Digital Behavior Change Interventions","authors":"Chenxi Pan, Monika Urban, Benjamin Schüz","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000149","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Digital Behavior Change Interventions (DBCIs) offer substantial potential to widely disseminate prevention and health promotion content. One key issue remains the absence of high-quality evidence of the effects of DBCIs for long-term health outcomes and unintended consequences. Here, we argue that in addition to better-quality evidence for effects on health, a more consideration of unintended consequences of DBCIs on multiple levels is warranted. Objectives: We suggest a multilevel perspective on unintended consequences of DBCIs building on a socio-ecological understanding of health promotion and prevention. Methods: Narrative literature review. Results: Unintended consequences of DBCIs can be located on the level of the individual engaging with DBCIs, on a level of social interactions, and on the level of health services, in multiple domains from health-related, behavior modification, affective aspects to data privacy and financial implications. Implications: Our proposed social–ecological perspective improves the classification of unintended consequences of DBCIs. This could facilitate building a cumulative evidence base to support the development of more effective and inclusive DBCIs.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141685180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000146
Sophia Dunkel, J. Rueth, Ann-Katrin Wiemann, A. Werner, Kerstin Konrad, A. Lohaus
Abstract: Background: Many youth living in out-of-home care have higher rates of mental health problems and more negative developmental outcomes than youth who live in their biological families. Aims: While previous studies have focused primarily on risk factors that increase the likelihood of behavioral problems, this study focuses on resources that contribute to positive development. Method: As part of the EMPOWERYOU research project, youth aged 11–18 years living in out-of-home care ( n = 79, living in foster and adoptive families and residential groups) and living with their biological families ( n = 71) participated in an online survey. Youth reported on their personal resources, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and well-being. Results: Youth in out-of-home care reported significantly fewer personal resources, less well-being, and more internalizing and especially externalizing symptoms than youth growing up in their biological families. Path analysis results showed that high self-esteem and high self-control were associated with less externalizing symptoms. Lower empathy/perspective-taking and more self-esteem were associated with less internalizing symptoms. More optimism was associated with increased well-being. These relationships were independent of family placement as there was no moderating effect for placement type. Limitations: Potential limitations arise from focusing solely on self-report and using of a cross-sectional design. Conclusion: The results highlight the relevance of promoting the personal resources of youth in out-of-home care. Since the path analysis did not reveal moderation by family placement, possible interventions do not need to be specified for them, but (already existing) effective interventions can be used.
{"title":"Personal Resources, Well-Being, Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms of Youth in Out-Of-Home Care","authors":"Sophia Dunkel, J. Rueth, Ann-Katrin Wiemann, A. Werner, Kerstin Konrad, A. Lohaus","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000146","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Many youth living in out-of-home care have higher rates of mental health problems and more negative developmental outcomes than youth who live in their biological families. Aims: While previous studies have focused primarily on risk factors that increase the likelihood of behavioral problems, this study focuses on resources that contribute to positive development. Method: As part of the EMPOWERYOU research project, youth aged 11–18 years living in out-of-home care ( n = 79, living in foster and adoptive families and residential groups) and living with their biological families ( n = 71) participated in an online survey. Youth reported on their personal resources, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and well-being. Results: Youth in out-of-home care reported significantly fewer personal resources, less well-being, and more internalizing and especially externalizing symptoms than youth growing up in their biological families. Path analysis results showed that high self-esteem and high self-control were associated with less externalizing symptoms. Lower empathy/perspective-taking and more self-esteem were associated with less internalizing symptoms. More optimism was associated with increased well-being. These relationships were independent of family placement as there was no moderating effect for placement type. Limitations: Potential limitations arise from focusing solely on self-report and using of a cross-sectional design. Conclusion: The results highlight the relevance of promoting the personal resources of youth in out-of-home care. Since the path analysis did not reveal moderation by family placement, possible interventions do not need to be specified for them, but (already existing) effective interventions can be used.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000147
M. R. Nikfarjam, Shahram Mohammadkhani, Alireza Moradi, Tahereh Davarpasand, Christina Joanne Pearce
Abstract: Background: Low adherence to treatment is the most common cause of uncontrolled hypertension. Evidence suggests that illness perceptions and the physician-patient relationship may have a combined effect on treatment adherence. Aims: We investigated the roles of illness perceptions and the physician-patient relationship in medication and lifestyle modification adherence, and explained them using patients’ experiences with essential hypertension.Method: In this mixed methods explanatory sequential study, we used questionnaires to assess illness perceptions, the physician-patient relationship, and adherence to medication and lifestyle modification guidance ( N = 112) in the first quantitative phase. Based on the results of regression analyses, the second qualitative phase was planned. We collected data from three patients through interviews, observations and journals, and conducted within-case and cross-case analyses. Finally, we integrated quantitative and qualitative findings. Results: The physician-patient relationship was an independent predictor of medication adherence (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29 to 5.89), whereas both illness perceptions (95% CI: −0.32 to −0.04) and the physician-patient relationship (95% CI: 1.05 to 9.48) were independent predictors of adherence to lifestyle modification guidance. Qualitative themes, reflecting the patient’s experience of the concepts explored in this study, explained the quantitative results. Mixing methods revealed high consistency between quantitative and qualitative findings. Limitations: Limitations are the inability to infer causal associations among variables and indirect measurement of medication adherence. Conclusion: Shared decision-making on antihypertensive medications promotes medication adherence. Specifically, the illness perception, perceived illness controllability, and non-judgemental patients’ acceptance within a satisfying physician-patient relationship empower patients to adhere to lifestyle modification guidance.
{"title":"New Insights Into Predictors of Antihypertensive Adherence","authors":"M. R. Nikfarjam, Shahram Mohammadkhani, Alireza Moradi, Tahereh Davarpasand, Christina Joanne Pearce","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000147","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Low adherence to treatment is the most common cause of uncontrolled hypertension. Evidence suggests that illness perceptions and the physician-patient relationship may have a combined effect on treatment adherence. Aims: We investigated the roles of illness perceptions and the physician-patient relationship in medication and lifestyle modification adherence, and explained them using patients’ experiences with essential hypertension.Method: In this mixed methods explanatory sequential study, we used questionnaires to assess illness perceptions, the physician-patient relationship, and adherence to medication and lifestyle modification guidance ( N = 112) in the first quantitative phase. Based on the results of regression analyses, the second qualitative phase was planned. We collected data from three patients through interviews, observations and journals, and conducted within-case and cross-case analyses. Finally, we integrated quantitative and qualitative findings. Results: The physician-patient relationship was an independent predictor of medication adherence (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29 to 5.89), whereas both illness perceptions (95% CI: −0.32 to −0.04) and the physician-patient relationship (95% CI: 1.05 to 9.48) were independent predictors of adherence to lifestyle modification guidance. Qualitative themes, reflecting the patient’s experience of the concepts explored in this study, explained the quantitative results. Mixing methods revealed high consistency between quantitative and qualitative findings. Limitations: Limitations are the inability to infer causal associations among variables and indirect measurement of medication adherence. Conclusion: Shared decision-making on antihypertensive medications promotes medication adherence. Specifically, the illness perception, perceived illness controllability, and non-judgemental patients’ acceptance within a satisfying physician-patient relationship empower patients to adhere to lifestyle modification guidance.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140793338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000141
Garrett E. Huck, Dana Brickham, Shaina Shelton
Abstract: Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic immunological disease characterized by hair loss on the scalp and/or body. Medical treatments are frequently ineffective, leaving many individuals with little hope for hair regrowth. Despite high rates of psychological turmoil experienced by people living with AA, little consideration is given to the unique impact of the condition and the potential benefits of coping approaches. Aims: The purpose of this study was to establish a foundation of strategies for coping with AA as recommended by people currently living with the diagnosis. Method: An international sample of 190 participants shared perspectives on types of strategies they believe would be useful for living with AA. A qualitative content analysis approach was used to code and group participant responses. Results: Frequently identified strategies included various forms of social support and strategies for social navigation, perspective-shifting, cosmetic strategies and procedures, and accessing medical and psychological interventions. Limitations: Participants were limited to a largely female convenience sample. The findings were not associated with real-life outcomes, only anecdotal recommendations. Conclusion: The findings of the present study further support prior research yet offer unique perspectives as well.
摘要：背景：斑秃（AA）是一种以头皮和/或身体脱发为特征的慢性免疫性疾病。药物治疗往往无效，许多患者对头发再生不抱希望。尽管脱发症患者的心理波动率很高，但很少有人考虑到这种疾病的独特影响以及应对方法的潜在益处。研究目的：本研究的目的是根据目前AA患者的建议，建立应对AA的策略基础。研究方法：190 名国际样本参与者分享了他们认为对 AA 患者有用的应对策略类型。采用定性内容分析法对参与者的回答进行编码和分组。结果显示常见的策略包括各种形式的社会支持和社会导航策略、视角转换、美容策略和程序，以及获得医疗和心理干预。局限性：参与者主要为女性。研究结果与现实生活中的结果不相关，只是传闻建议。结论：本研究的结果进一步支持了之前的研究，同时也提供了独特的视角。
{"title":"Peer-Recommended Coping Strategies for Individuals Living With Alopecia Areata","authors":"Garrett E. Huck, Dana Brickham, Shaina Shelton","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic immunological disease characterized by hair loss on the scalp and/or body. Medical treatments are frequently ineffective, leaving many individuals with little hope for hair regrowth. Despite high rates of psychological turmoil experienced by people living with AA, little consideration is given to the unique impact of the condition and the potential benefits of coping approaches. Aims: The purpose of this study was to establish a foundation of strategies for coping with AA as recommended by people currently living with the diagnosis. Method: An international sample of 190 participants shared perspectives on types of strategies they believe would be useful for living with AA. A qualitative content analysis approach was used to code and group participant responses. Results: Frequently identified strategies included various forms of social support and strategies for social navigation, perspective-shifting, cosmetic strategies and procedures, and accessing medical and psychological interventions. Limitations: Participants were limited to a largely female convenience sample. The findings were not associated with real-life outcomes, only anecdotal recommendations. Conclusion: The findings of the present study further support prior research yet offer unique perspectives as well.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000141
Garrett E. Huck, Dana Brickham, Shaina Shelton
Abstract: Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic immunological disease characterized by hair loss on the scalp and/or body. Medical treatments are frequently ineffective, leaving many individuals with little hope for hair regrowth. Despite high rates of psychological turmoil experienced by people living with AA, little consideration is given to the unique impact of the condition and the potential benefits of coping approaches. Aims: The purpose of this study was to establish a foundation of strategies for coping with AA as recommended by people currently living with the diagnosis. Method: An international sample of 190 participants shared perspectives on types of strategies they believe would be useful for living with AA. A qualitative content analysis approach was used to code and group participant responses. Results: Frequently identified strategies included various forms of social support and strategies for social navigation, perspective-shifting, cosmetic strategies and procedures, and accessing medical and psychological interventions. Limitations: Participants were limited to a largely female convenience sample. The findings were not associated with real-life outcomes, only anecdotal recommendations. Conclusion: The findings of the present study further support prior research yet offer unique perspectives as well.
摘要：背景：斑秃（AA）是一种以头皮和/或身体脱发为特征的慢性免疫性疾病。药物治疗往往无效，许多患者对头发再生不抱希望。尽管脱发症患者的心理波动率很高，但很少有人考虑到这种疾病的独特影响以及应对方法的潜在益处。研究目的：本研究的目的是根据目前AA患者的建议，建立应对AA的策略基础。研究方法：190 名国际样本参与者分享了他们认为对 AA 患者有用的应对策略类型。采用定性内容分析法对参与者的回答进行编码和分组。结果显示常见的策略包括各种形式的社会支持和社会导航策略、视角转换、美容策略和程序，以及获得医疗和心理干预。局限性：参与者主要为女性。研究结果与现实生活中的结果不相关，只是传闻建议。结论：本研究的结果进一步支持了之前的研究，同时也提供了独特的视角。
{"title":"Peer-Recommended Coping Strategies for Individuals Living With Alopecia Areata","authors":"Garrett E. Huck, Dana Brickham, Shaina Shelton","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic immunological disease characterized by hair loss on the scalp and/or body. Medical treatments are frequently ineffective, leaving many individuals with little hope for hair regrowth. Despite high rates of psychological turmoil experienced by people living with AA, little consideration is given to the unique impact of the condition and the potential benefits of coping approaches. Aims: The purpose of this study was to establish a foundation of strategies for coping with AA as recommended by people currently living with the diagnosis. Method: An international sample of 190 participants shared perspectives on types of strategies they believe would be useful for living with AA. A qualitative content analysis approach was used to code and group participant responses. Results: Frequently identified strategies included various forms of social support and strategies for social navigation, perspective-shifting, cosmetic strategies and procedures, and accessing medical and psychological interventions. Limitations: Participants were limited to a largely female convenience sample. The findings were not associated with real-life outcomes, only anecdotal recommendations. Conclusion: The findings of the present study further support prior research yet offer unique perspectives as well.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139776297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000142
Mirjam V. Thomas, Dimitri M. L. van Ryckeghem, A. Schulz, Ruta Müller, Kai Lambracht, Jens Adermann, C. Vögele
Abstract: Background: The high co-occurrence of chronic pain and mental disorders is well-established. Yet, an up-to-date account of the prevalence of mental disorders according to revised diagnostic criteria is lacking. Aims: The present study investigated the point and lifetime prevalence of a broad range of mental disorders according to DSM-5 in patients with chronic pain and examined associations of current mental health comorbidity with pain catastrophizing and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Method: In this cross-sectional, observational study, patients with self-reported chronic pain receiving inpatient treatment at a specialized tertiary hospital were recruited for participation. Structured clinical interviews were conducted to assess current and lifetime diagnoses of mental disorders. Pain catastrophizing and HRQoL were assessed via questionnaires. Results: 145 patients (63.5% female; Mage = 54.9 years) participated in the study. 57.2% of the sample met the criteria for any current and 77.9% for any lifetime mental disorder. The most prevalent diagnostic groups of current mental disorders were substance-related and addictive disorders (26.2%), somatic symptom and related disorders (17.9%), depressive disorders (17.2%), and anxiety disorders (15.9%). Current mental health comorbidity was significantly associated with increased levels of pain catastrophizing and poorer HRQoL outcomes. Limitations: Chronic pain was only assessed by self-report, and no data regarding the exact medical diagnoses of the participants were collected. Conclusion: Comorbid mental disorders are highly prevalent in patients with chronic pain. Given the adverse effects of this comorbidity, the findings emphasize the need for addressing comorbid mental disorders in the management of chronic pain.
{"title":"Mental Disorders in Chronic Pain Patients Seeking Treatment at a Tertiary Pain Hospital","authors":"Mirjam V. Thomas, Dimitri M. L. van Ryckeghem, A. Schulz, Ruta Müller, Kai Lambracht, Jens Adermann, C. Vögele","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000142","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: The high co-occurrence of chronic pain and mental disorders is well-established. Yet, an up-to-date account of the prevalence of mental disorders according to revised diagnostic criteria is lacking. Aims: The present study investigated the point and lifetime prevalence of a broad range of mental disorders according to DSM-5 in patients with chronic pain and examined associations of current mental health comorbidity with pain catastrophizing and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Method: In this cross-sectional, observational study, patients with self-reported chronic pain receiving inpatient treatment at a specialized tertiary hospital were recruited for participation. Structured clinical interviews were conducted to assess current and lifetime diagnoses of mental disorders. Pain catastrophizing and HRQoL were assessed via questionnaires. Results: 145 patients (63.5% female; Mage = 54.9 years) participated in the study. 57.2% of the sample met the criteria for any current and 77.9% for any lifetime mental disorder. The most prevalent diagnostic groups of current mental disorders were substance-related and addictive disorders (26.2%), somatic symptom and related disorders (17.9%), depressive disorders (17.2%), and anxiety disorders (15.9%). Current mental health comorbidity was significantly associated with increased levels of pain catastrophizing and poorer HRQoL outcomes. Limitations: Chronic pain was only assessed by self-report, and no data regarding the exact medical diagnoses of the participants were collected. Conclusion: Comorbid mental disorders are highly prevalent in patients with chronic pain. Given the adverse effects of this comorbidity, the findings emphasize the need for addressing comorbid mental disorders in the management of chronic pain.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000143
Heike Spaderna, Verena Klusmann, H. Eschenbeck, Christel Salewksi, Silke Schmidt, Andreas Schwerdtfeger, C. Vögele, M. Vollmann
{"title":"Towards New Horizons","authors":"Heike Spaderna, Verena Klusmann, H. Eschenbeck, Christel Salewksi, Silke Schmidt, Andreas Schwerdtfeger, C. Vögele, M. Vollmann","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140525743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000140
Huini Peng, Jinjin Ma, Jun Hu, Yiqun Gan
Abstract: Background: As stress continues to mount in everyday life, there is a corresponding uptick in emotional distress, notably anxiety and depression. Aims: The present research, grounded in the theory of resilience-boosting strategies, explored how daily perceived stress affects anxiety and depression, highlighting the critical moderating role of self-affirmation in cognitive pathways, and the significance of positive attention bias in improving stress resilience. Methods: Using a diary methodology, data was collected from 241 participants over 14 consecutive days and was analyzed using a multilevel linear model. Results: Daily positive attention bias mediated the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety/depression, while self-affirmation acted as a cross-level moderator, affecting the relationship between daily perceived stress and daily positive attention bias and its mediation effect. Specifically, for those with high self-affirmation, daily perceived stress has a weaker negative correlation with daily positive attention bias, which coincides with a decreased intensification of anxiety and depression. Limitations: The study’s limitations include a narrow demographic focus on young Chinese participants, a potential overlook of specific bias components by the self-report scale for positive attentional bias, subjective bias from self-reported stress and emotion measures, and an inability to draw causal conclusions from the diary method. Conclusions: These findings suggest that positive attentional bias and self-affirmation, as a mediating mechanism and cross-level moderator, respectively, are associated with diminishing the effect of perceived stress and the subsequent feelings of anxiety/depression, highlighting their potential protective roles in daily stress.
{"title":"Association of Daily Stress With Daily Anxiety and Depression","authors":"Huini Peng, Jinjin Ma, Jun Hu, Yiqun Gan","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000140","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: As stress continues to mount in everyday life, there is a corresponding uptick in emotional distress, notably anxiety and depression. Aims: The present research, grounded in the theory of resilience-boosting strategies, explored how daily perceived stress affects anxiety and depression, highlighting the critical moderating role of self-affirmation in cognitive pathways, and the significance of positive attention bias in improving stress resilience. Methods: Using a diary methodology, data was collected from 241 participants over 14 consecutive days and was analyzed using a multilevel linear model. Results: Daily positive attention bias mediated the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety/depression, while self-affirmation acted as a cross-level moderator, affecting the relationship between daily perceived stress and daily positive attention bias and its mediation effect. Specifically, for those with high self-affirmation, daily perceived stress has a weaker negative correlation with daily positive attention bias, which coincides with a decreased intensification of anxiety and depression. Limitations: The study’s limitations include a narrow demographic focus on young Chinese participants, a potential overlook of specific bias components by the self-report scale for positive attentional bias, subjective bias from self-reported stress and emotion measures, and an inability to draw causal conclusions from the diary method. Conclusions: These findings suggest that positive attentional bias and self-affirmation, as a mediating mechanism and cross-level moderator, respectively, are associated with diminishing the effect of perceived stress and the subsequent feelings of anxiety/depression, highlighting their potential protective roles in daily stress.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140526280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000137
Lena Hahn, Eva Walther
Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed life around the world. To fight the pandemic, preventive measures were implemented. Despite being accepted by a majority of citizens in Germany, these measures elicited fierce protest from others. It seems that people either like or dislike them. Given the immense complexity of the topic, it is also likely that people hold ambivalent attitudes (i.e., simultaneously positive and negative). Aims: The purpose of this study is to explore ambivalence toward the (non-)implementation of preventive measures in vaccinated and unvaccinated German citizens. Method: Vaccinated ( N = 136) and unvaccinated ( N = 170) participants indicated their positivity, negativity and experienced ambivalence toward the (non-)implementation of preventive measures (e.g., mask mandatory). Results: The structure of positive and negative evaluations (i.e., objective ambivalence) indicates that unvaccinated people are more univalent (negative) and vaccinated people are neutral toward the preventive measures. Interestingly, results indicate a dissociation between objective ambivalence and experienced ambivalence. Limitation: The results are limited by the measurement choice, data collection time, and sample. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the experienced ambivalence increases with increasing personal costs. Implications for behavior change interventions and health psychology are discussed.
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