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Do Physicians Prefer Natural Drugs? 医生更喜欢天然药物吗?
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-06-23 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000116
Courtney M. Lappas, N. Coyne, Amanda J. Dillard, Brian P. Meier
Abstract. Background: There is a bias for natural versus synthetic drugs in general populations. Aims: We investigated whether physicians who have advanced medical and scientific training and routinely prescribe drugs exhibit this bias. Methods: Physicians and non-physicians were presented with a hypothetical medical situation in which pharmacological therapy was required. Participants were asked if they would prefer a natural or synthetic drug for treatment. Physicians were also asked which drug they would prescribe to a patient. Results: In a forced-choice paradigm, non-physicians (87.5%) and physicians (79.2%) had an equally strong bias for the natural drug, with physicians (74.3%) also preferring the natural drug for patients. When a 9-point drug choice scale was used, including a “no preference” choice (5), non-physicians ( M = 6.91) and physicians ( M = 5.41) again showed a preference for the natural drug compared to the mid-point of the scale, but the non-physicians’ bias was stronger. Physicians no longer preferred the natural drug for patients ( M = 5.15). Limitations: The participants do not represent a random sample and therefore may not represent physicians/non-physicians in general. Additionally, the responses were hypothetical and may not represent behavior in actual medical contexts. Conclusion: These data indicate that physicians and non-physicians exhibit a bias for natural drugs, with physicians also demonstrating a bias for prescribing natural drugs. However, the bias is reduced in physicians compared to non-physicians when a “no preference” option is available, suggesting that advanced medical and/or scientific training may be beneficial in minimizing this bias.
摘要背景:在一般人群中存在天然药物与合成药物的偏见。目的:我们调查了接受过先进医学和科学训练并经常开药的医生是否表现出这种偏见。方法:向医生和非医生提出一个假设的医疗情况,其中需要药物治疗。参与者被问及他们更喜欢天然药物还是合成药物进行治疗。医生们还被问及他们会给病人开哪种药。结果:在强迫选择范式中,非医生(87.5%)和医生(79.2%)对天然药物有同样强烈的偏见,医生(74.3%)也更倾向于患者使用天然药物。当使用包含“无偏好”选项(5)的9点药物选择量表时,非医生(M = 6.91)和医生(M = 5.41)与量表中点相比,再次表现出对天然药物的偏好,但非医生的偏见更强。医生不再倾向于患者使用天然药物(M = 5.15)。局限性:参与者不代表随机样本,因此可能不代表一般的医生/非医生。此外,这些反应是假设的,可能不代表实际医疗环境中的行为。结论:这些数据表明,医生和非医生都对天然药物有偏见,医生也对开天然药物有偏见。然而,与非医生相比,当有“无偏好”选项时,医生的偏见会减少,这表明先进的医疗和/或科学培训可能有助于减少这种偏见。
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引用次数: 1
Merry Christmas and a “Healthy” New Year 圣诞快乐,新年健康
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000114
J. Waterschoot, S. Morbée, O. Van den Bergh, M. Vansteenkiste
Abstract. Background: In November 2020, many European governments imposed severe limitations on social contacts and festive gatherings to avoid a further outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Aims: At the moment when it was still unclear whether Christmas gatherings would be allowed, the present vignette study was conducted to evaluate four hypothetical scenarios varying in restrictiveness (i.e., 1, 2, 4, or an unlimited number of visitors). Method: In total, 5,756 Belgian participants (65.7% female; Mage = 45.6, range: 18–89) evaluated each scenario in terms of the perceived strictness, probability of adherence, and expected psychological advantages (i.e., autonomy, relatedness, pleasure) and disadvantages (i.e., concerns). Results: Evidence for a curvilinear pattern was found, such that the expected psychological benefits increased with an increasing number of allowed visitors till 4, with this effect being reversed in case of an unlimited gathering. Yet, these main effects were qualified: Older adults, those living together, and those scoring high on risk perception and autonomous motivation to adhere to the corona measures expected the more restrictive scenarios to be equally beneficial compared to the more relaxed scenarios. Limitations: Limitations are self-selection of the sample, no counterbalancing of the scenario’s and the vignette-based methodology. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that people’s risk perception and autonomous motivation are key to secure and stimulate the acceptance of life-restricting measures.
摘要背景:2020年11月,许多欧洲国家政府对社交接触和节日聚会实施了严格限制,以避免COVID-19大流行进一步爆发。目的:在尚不清楚是否允许圣诞节聚会的时候,本研究进行了小插图研究,以评估四种限制不同的假设情景(即1、2、4或无限数量的访客)。方法:共有5756名比利时参与者(65.7%为女性;Mage = 45.6,范围:18-89)根据感知到的严格程度、遵守的可能性、预期的心理优势(即自主性、亲和性、愉悦性)和劣势(即担忧性)来评估每个场景。结果:发现了一个曲线模式的证据,即预期的心理效益随着允许的访客数量的增加而增加,直到4,在无限制聚集的情况下,这种效果会逆转。然而,这些主要影响是合格的:老年人、住在一起的人,以及那些在风险感知和坚持冠状病毒措施的自主动机方面得分较高的人,预计限制性更强的情景与更宽松的情景相比同样有益。限制:限制是样本的自我选择,不平衡场景和基于图像的方法。结论:人们的风险认知和自主动机是确保和激励人们接受限制生命措施的关键。
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引用次数: 1
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Reactions to Somatic Stress Questionnaire (RSSQ) 躯体应激反应问卷(RSSQ)的编制及心理测量学评价
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000113
Viviane Pfluger, S. Fischer, A. Maercker, M. Thoma
Abstract. Background: Stress is a ubiquitous phenomenon in modern societies and is often accompanied by somatic sensations and symptoms, such as tension and nausea. Despite the inherent somatic component of stress, research on coping with stress has previously neglected to consider how somatic stress responses (i.e., somatic stress) may affect stress-coping behavior. Aim: To address this gap in the literature, this study introduces the concept of reactions to somatic stress (RSS). It also provides the first psychometric evaluation of the Reactions to Somatic Stress Questionnaire (RSSQ), a novel 16-item questionnaire that assesses hampering and facilitating RSS. Method: The RSSQ and a battery of questionnaires on related constructs were administered via an online survey to N = 265 participants from the general population. Results: Exploratory ( n = 133) and confirmatory ( n = 132) factor analyses yielded two dimensions of the RSSQ: Hampering RSS (RSS-H) and facilitating RSS (RSS-F). Both subscales showed good internal consistency (α = .81–.89). Correlations with body awareness, emotion regulation skills, and beliefs about stress indicated medium to high convergent and discriminant validity. The RSS-H and RSS-F scores significantly predicted maladaptive and adaptive coping behavior, respectively. This association remained stable after controlling for subjective stress and related measures. Limitations: Generalization of the obtained results is limited to healthy individuals. Conclusion: The study supports the theoretical assumptions underlying the RSS concept. The RSSQ suggests a promising way to assess reactions to somatic stress as they relate to coping with stress. The RSSQ could be used for clinical and health psychological testing or interdisciplinary research.
摘要背景:压力是现代社会中普遍存在的现象,通常伴随着身体的感觉和症状,如紧张和恶心。尽管应激具有内在的躯体成分,但以往的应激应对研究忽视了躯体应激反应(即躯体应激)如何影响应激应对行为。目的:为了弥补这一文献空白,本研究引入了躯体应激反应(RSS)的概念。它还提供了第一个对躯体应激反应问卷(RSSQ)的心理测量评估,这是一个新的16项问卷,评估阻碍和促进了躯体应激反应。方法:通过在线调查对265名普通人群进行RSSQ和一系列相关结构的问卷调查。结果:探索性(n = 133)和验证性(n = 132)因素分析得出了RSSQ的两个维度:阻碍RSS (RSS- h)和促进RSS (RSS- f)。两个分量表具有良好的内部一致性(α = 0.81 ~ 0.89)。与身体意识、情绪调节技能和压力信念的相关显示中等至高的收敛效度和判别效度。RSS-H和RSS-F得分分别显著预测适应不良和适应应对行为。在控制主观压力和相关测量后,这种关联保持稳定。局限性:所得结果的推广仅限于健康个体。结论:本研究支持RSS概念的理论假设。RSSQ提出了一种很有希望的方法来评估对躯体压力的反应,因为它们与应对压力有关。RSSQ可用于临床和健康心理测试或跨学科研究。
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引用次数: 0
The Demands-Buffering Role of Perceived and Received Social Support for Perceived Stress and Cortisol Levels 感知和接受社会支持对感知压力和皮质醇水平的需求缓冲作用
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000110
Annika Schmiedl, E. Schulte, S. Kauffeld
Abstract. Background: Social support is known as a crucial resource in buffering the effect of stress in terms of negative outcomes. Nevertheless, research on potential buffering effects of support before stress sets in has mostly entailed experimental studies. Thus, the current literature limits the transferability into the field, especially concerning the different roles of perceived and actually received social support. Aim: This study aims to extend research on the mechanisms behind the demands-buffering effects of social support. Accordingly, the job demands-resources framework undergirded our analysis of the effects of different aspects of social support (perceived vs. received support and support quality vs. quantity) on the relationship between demands and perceived stress as well as cortisol levels. Method: Data were collected from N = 125 participants at two measurement points 4 weeks apart, using questionnaires, social network analysis, and salivary cortisol. Results: Study findings reveal that (1) buffering effects of support were different for perceived stress and cortisol levels; (2) the buffering effect of perceived support depended on the level of demands, how stress was measured, and whether received support was included in the model; and (3) support quality demonstrated a demand-buffering effect, while support quantity showed contradictory patterns. Limitations: Limitations concerning the sample characteristics and measurement approaches are discussed. Conclusion: Overall, received support, especially quality, seems most relevant for buffering the effect of demands on stress. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need to assess social support as a multidimensional construct to better understand the mechanism of its demand-buffering effects.
摘要背景:社会支持被认为是缓冲压力对消极结果影响的关键资源。然而,在压力设置之前,对支持的潜在缓冲作用的研究大多涉及实验研究。因此,目前的文献限制了该领域的可转移性,特别是关于感知和实际获得的社会支持的不同作用。目的:本研究旨在拓展社会支持需求缓冲效应的机制研究。因此,工作需求-资源框架为我们分析社会支持的不同方面(感知到的与得到的支持、支持的质量与数量)对需求与感知到的压力以及皮质醇水平之间关系的影响提供了基础。方法:采用问卷调查、社会网络分析和唾液皮质醇等方法,在相隔4周的两个测量点收集N = 125名参与者的数据。结果:研究发现:(1)支持对感知压力和皮质醇水平的缓冲作用不同;(2)感知支持的缓冲作用取决于需求水平、压力测量方式和是否将感知支持纳入模型;(3)支持质量呈现需求缓冲效应,而支持数量呈现矛盾格局。局限性:讨论了有关样品特性和测量方法的局限性。结论:总体而言,获得的支持,尤其是质量,似乎与缓冲压力需求的影响最相关。此外,研究结果强调需要将社会支持作为一个多维结构来评估,以更好地理解其需求缓冲效应的机制。
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引用次数: 6
Understanding the Relationship Between Sexual Assault and Cervical Screening Uptake 了解性侵犯与子宫颈普查的关系
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-02-21 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000109
Katherine Madden, Jane Vosper, M. Evangeli, S. Gibson
Abstract. Background: Cervical screening helps prevent cervical cancer ( NHS, 2019 ). Women who have experienced sexual assault have lower cervical screening attendance, however, no theory-driven research explores reasons for this. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) explains intention and ongoing attendance to health-promoting behaviors. Aims: The HAPA was used to identify and explore how sexual assault impacts cervical screening uptake. Method: An online study of 247 women aged 21–63 explored whether HAPA variables (task, maintenance, and recovery self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, risk perception, action, and coping planning), trauma variables (nature and age of abuse, and level of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms [PTSD]), and other potentially confounding factors related to cervical screening uptake in women who have experienced sexual assault. Regression and mediation analyses were conducted to explore predictive variables of intention and attendance. Results: Self-efficacy beliefs predicted both intention and attendance of cervical screening. Task self-efficacy predicted intention and mediated relationships between HAPA variables and intention. Maintenance self-efficacy predicted attendance and mediated relationships between HAPA variables and attendance. Trauma variables did not predict more variance in intention or attendance over HAPA variables. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of the study means causality was not established. Conclusion: Self-efficacy develops an understanding of cervical screening in women with experience of sexual assault, over and above the trauma variables of type of assault and PTSD symptoms. Focusing on self-efficacy to improve cervical screening uptake in women who have experienced sexual assault is considered for clinical implications.
摘要背景:宫颈筛查有助于预防宫颈癌(NHS, 2019)。然而,经历过性侵犯的妇女参加子宫颈检查的人数较低,没有理论驱动的研究探讨其原因。健康行动过程方法(HAPA)解释了健康促进行为的意图和持续参与。目的:HAPA被用来识别和探讨性侵犯如何影响子宫颈筛查的吸收。方法:对247名年龄在21-63岁之间的女性进行在线研究,探讨HAPA变量(任务、维持和恢复自我效能、结果预期、风险感知、行动和应对计划)、创伤变量(虐待性质和年龄、创伤后应激障碍症状水平[PTSD])和其他潜在的混杂因素是否与遭受过性侵犯的女性接受子宫颈筛查有关。采用回归分析和中介分析探讨意向和出勤的预测变量。结果:自我效能感能预测子宫颈筛查的意愿和出勤率。任务自我效能感预测意向,并介导HAPA变量与意向之间的关系。维持自我效能预测出勤,并介导HAPA变量与出勤之间的关系。与HAPA变量相比,创伤变量对意向或出席率的预测差异并不大。局限性:研究的横断面性质意味着没有建立因果关系。结论:自我效能感在经历过性侵犯的女性中发展了对子宫颈筛查的理解,超过了性侵犯类型和创伤后应激障碍症状的创伤变量。关注自我效能,以提高宫颈筛查的妇女谁经历过性侵犯被认为是临床意义。
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引用次数: 2
ADHD Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life of Adolescents and Young Adults 青少年和青壮年ADHD症状与健康相关生活质量
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-02-21 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000104
A. Krauss, C. Schellenberg
Abstract. Background: Adolescence and young adulthood present particularly challenging periods for individuals affected by attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. However, unlike childhood ADHD, ADHD among adolescents and young adults has been studied less frequently. A concept that can be used to characterize the experiences of individuals with ADHD symptoms is health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which encompasses well-being in various dimensions. Aims: The present study used a school-based sample in the German-speaking part of Switzerland to investigate the association between ADHD symptoms and HRQoL of adolescents and young adults. Method: A total of 907 individuals aged 14–24 years ( M = 17.69; SD = 1.66; 58.9% female) were surveyed regarding ADHD symptoms and HRQoL. Results: Multiple hierarchical regression analyses disclosed that ADHD symptoms were negatively related to all subdimensions of HRQoL. Moreover, adolescents with clinically significant or subclinical ADHD symptoms showed lower values in all examined dimensions – physical, emotional, self-esteem, family, friends/peers, and school/education – than adolescents with unremarkable ADHD symptoms. An exception was the well-being concerning friends/peers. Limitations: The present study used a cross-sectional design and a selective sample of school classes. ADHD symptoms were assessed using self-reports without any diagnostic judgment. Conclusion: The results illustrate the comprehensive effects of ADHD symptoms on well-being during adolescence and young adulthood. They highlight the importance of focusing more on ADHD during these stages of age, also considering individuals with symptoms in the subclinical range.
摘要背景:青春期和青年期对于患有注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)症状的个体来说是特别具有挑战性的时期。然而,与儿童多动症不同,青少年和年轻人的多动症研究较少。一个可以用来描述ADHD症状个体经历的概念是健康相关生活质量(HRQoL),它包含了各个维度的幸福感。目的:本研究以瑞士德语区的学校为样本,调查青少年和年轻人ADHD症状与HRQoL之间的关系。方法:共907例,年龄14 ~ 24岁(M = 17.69;Sd = 1.66;(58.9%为女性)对ADHD症状和HRQoL进行调查。结果:多层次回归分析显示ADHD症状与HRQoL各亚维度呈负相关。此外,有临床显著或亚临床ADHD症状的青少年在所有检测维度——身体、情感、自尊、家庭、朋友/同伴、学校/教育——都比没有显著ADHD症状的青少年表现出更低的价值。一个例外是关于朋友/同伴的幸福感。局限性:本研究采用了横断面设计和学校班级的选择性样本。使用自我报告评估ADHD症状,没有任何诊断判断。结论:这些结果说明了ADHD症状对青春期和青年期幸福感的综合影响。他们强调了在这些年龄阶段更多关注多动症的重要性,也要考虑到有亚临床症状的个体。
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引用次数: 3
Physical Health Complaints in Adolescents 青少年身体健康投诉
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-02-16 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000090
Avelina Lovis-Schmidt, L. Bilz, Kyra Pahlke, H. Rindermann
Abstract. Background: Some of the physical health complaints adolescents have, such as headaches and stomachaches, cannot be explained on a somatic level. It is unclear which psychological factors can explain these complaints: stress and social support are often discussed, but emotions rarely are. Aims: This cross-sectional study aims to use social support, stress, the tendency toward negative emotions, and health behaviors to predict physical health complaints in adolescents. Method: The 2018 HBSC (Health Behavior in School-aged Children) data from the German state of Brandenburg was analyzed via structural equation and path modeling ( N = 3,068, age M = 13.05). Results: Results showed that the tendency toward negative emotions seems to be a better predictor for health complaints (β = .35) than stress (β = .17), and even better suited than social support (β = −.08) or health behavior (β = −.06 to β = .16). In the analysis of specific emotions (anger, sadness, and fear), correlations were low and between sadness and complaints they were highest (average β = .19). Limitations: The present cross-sectional study could not examine long-term outcomes. In addition, the results are limited to only a few physical complaints. Future long-term studies should examine multiple disease symptoms in adolescence. Conclusion: The investigated tendency toward negative emotions demonstrated promising results to better understand the relationship between psychological factors and physical health complaints. As negative emotions were particularly important in predicting physical health, prevention programs for adolescents should focus on dealing with negative emotions to improve their health.
摘要背景:青少年的一些身体健康问题,如头痛和胃痛,不能从身体层面上解释。目前尚不清楚哪些心理因素可以解释这些抱怨:压力和社会支持经常被讨论,但情绪很少被讨论。目的:本横断面研究旨在利用社会支持、压力、负面情绪倾向和健康行为来预测青少年的身体健康投诉。方法:采用结构方程和路径模型对2018年德国勃兰登堡州学龄儿童健康行为(HBSC)数据进行分析(N = 3068,年龄M = 13.05)。结果:结果表明,消极情绪倾向似乎比压力(β = 0.17)更能预测健康抱怨(β = 0.35),甚至比社会支持(β = - 0.08)或健康行为(β = -)更适合。06 ~ β = .16)。在对特定情绪(愤怒、悲伤和恐惧)的分析中,相关性很低,而悲伤和抱怨之间的相关性最高(平均β = 0.19)。局限性:目前的横断面研究不能检查长期结果。此外,结果仅限于少数身体不适。未来的长期研究应该检查青少年的多种疾病症状。结论:负面情绪倾向的调查结果对了解心理因素与身体健康主诉之间的关系具有重要意义。由于负面情绪在预测身体健康方面尤为重要,因此青少年的预防计划应侧重于处理负面情绪以改善他们的健康。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to Karing et al., 2021 对Karing等人,2021年的修正
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000105
{"title":"Correction to Karing et al., 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77981913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Different Relations of Religion and Mental Health 宗教与心理健康的不同关系
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000100
Usama El-Awad, A. Fathi, A. Lohaus, F. Petermann, T. Reinelt
Abstract. Background: Religiosity can foster mental health after traumatic experiences. Yet, religiosity among Muslim immigrants has also been linked to separation-oriented acculturation, which is linked to reduced mental health. Therefore, the function of religiosity for resilience in Middle Eastern refugee and immigrant adolescents might differ as their migration contexts differ in terms of traumatic experiences and the nature of cultural interactions . Aims: This study examined whether religiosity is associated with better mental health after traumatic experiences, particularly among young refugees. In addition, it was explored whether religiosity is associated with better mental health among refugees through less marginalization and whether religious immigrant peers show worse mental health through stronger separation. Method: 135 adolescents ( MAge = 18.25 years, SD = 1.73; nrefugees = 75, nimmigrants = 60) completed self-reports on religiosity, mental health, trauma, and acculturation orientations. Regression analyses were calculated examining group-specific differences in potential moderating effects of religiosity on the relationship between trauma exposures and internalizing symptoms. Furthermore, potential indirect effects of religiosity on internalizing symptoms via acculturation orientations were investigated. Results: Stronger religiosity was associated with better mental health following trauma exposure. No group-specific differences were observed. While religious refugee adolescents reported less marginalization associated with fewer internalizing symptoms, religious immigrant peers reported more separation and internalizing symptoms. Limitations: Results are limited to male Muslim adolescents in Germany. The cross-sectional nature prohibits any implications for causal dynamics in the associations. Conclusion: Religiosity is generally protective against post-traumatic consequences, but associations with acculturation differ across migration contexts.
摘要背景:宗教信仰可以促进创伤经历后的心理健康。然而,穆斯林移民的宗教信仰也与以分离为导向的文化适应有关,而文化适应又与心理健康状况下降有关。因此,宗教信仰对中东难民和移民青少年恢复力的作用可能会因其移民背景在创伤经历和文化互动性质方面的不同而有所不同。目的:这项研究调查了宗教信仰是否与创伤经历后更好的心理健康有关,特别是在年轻的难民中。此外,研究还探讨了宗教信仰是否通过较少的边缘化与难民更好的心理健康有关,以及宗教移民同伴是否通过更强的分离表现出更差的心理健康。方法:135名青少年(MAge = 18.25岁,SD = 1.73;难民= 75名,移民= 60名)完成了关于宗教信仰、心理健康、创伤和文化适应取向的自我报告。计算回归分析,检验宗教信仰对创伤暴露与内化症状之间关系的潜在调节作用的群体特异性差异。此外,本研究还探讨了宗教虔诚度通过文化适应取向对内化症状的潜在间接影响。结果:较强的宗教信仰与创伤暴露后较好的心理健康状况有关。未观察到组间差异。虽然宗教难民青少年报告的边缘化程度较低,内化症状较少,但宗教移民同龄人报告的分离和内化症状较多。局限性:结果仅限于德国的男性穆斯林青少年。横断面性质禁止对关联中的因果动态的任何暗示。结论:宗教信仰通常对创伤后后果有保护作用,但与文化适应的关系在不同的移民背景下有所不同。
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引用次数: 5
Social Determinants of the Mental Health of Young Migrants 青年移徙者心理健康的社会决定因素
IF 2.1 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000097
A. Verelst, Caroline Spaas, E. Pfeiffer, Ines Devlieger, Reeta Kankaapää, Kirsi Peltonen, M. Vänskä, Emma Soye, C. Watters, F. Osman, N. Durbeej, A. Sarkadi, Arnfinn J. Andersen, N. Primdahl, I. Derluyn
Abstract. Background: Young migrants face particular risks to develop mental health problems. Discrimination and social support impact mental health, yet little is known about the differential impact thereof on mental health in newcomers, non-newcomer migrants, and non-migrants. Aim: This study sheds light on mental health (posttraumatic stress, behavioral problems, hyperactivity, emotional distress, peer relationship problems, prosocial behavior) and the overall well-being of newcomers, non-newcomer migrants, and non-migrants. Furthermore, the impact of social support and discrimination on mental health is investigated. Method: Descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were applied to analyze responses of 2,320 adolescents through self-report questionnaires in Finland, Sweden, and the UK. Results: Newcomers, non-newcomer migrants, and non-migrants have different psychological profiles. While newcomers suffer more from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and peer problems, non-newcomers and non-migrants report more hyperactivity. Discrimination strongly threatens all mental health dimensions, while support from family serves as a protective factor. Support from friends has a positive impact on PTSD among newcomers. Limitations: As this study has a cross-sectional design, conclusions about causality cannot be drawn. In addition, history of traumatic life events or migration trajectory was lacking, while it may impact mental health. Conclusion: Different mental health profiles of newcomers, non-newcomer migrants, and non-migrants point to the need for a tailored and diversified approach. Discrimination remains a risk factor for mental health, while family support is a protective factor for adolescents. Interventions that foster social support from friends would be especially beneficial for newcomers.
摘要背景:青年移徙者面临发展精神健康问题的特别风险。歧视和社会支持影响心理健康,但对新移民、非新移民和非移民的心理健康的不同影响知之甚少。目的:本研究揭示了新移民、非新移民和非移民的心理健康(创伤后应激、行为问题、多动、情绪困扰、同伴关系问题、亲社会行为)和整体幸福感。此外,还调查了社会支持和歧视对心理健康的影响。方法:采用描述性分析和结构方程模型(SEM)对芬兰、瑞典和英国的2320名青少年的自我报告问卷进行分析。结果:新移民、非新移民和非移民具有不同的心理特征。虽然新移民更多地遭受创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和同伴问题,但非新移民和非移民报告更多的多动症。歧视严重威胁到心理健康的所有方面,而来自家庭的支持则是一种保护因素。朋友的支持对新来者的创伤后应激障碍有积极影响。局限性:由于本研究是横断面设计,因此无法得出因果关系的结论。此外,缺乏创伤性生活事件或移民轨迹的历史,而这可能影响心理健康。结论:新移民、非新移民和非移民的不同心理健康状况表明,需要有针对性和多样化的方法。歧视仍然是影响心理健康的一个风险因素,而家庭支持是青少年的一个保护因素。促进来自朋友的社会支持的干预措施对新来者尤其有益。
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引用次数: 11
期刊
European Journal of Health Psychology
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