Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000037
Daniela Zahn, Lara K. Gomille, J. Grammes, Patricia Gottschling, C. Fottner, M. Weber, Mario Wenzel, T. Kubiak
Abstract. Background. The glucose hypothesis of self-control posits that acts of self-control may draw upon glucose as a source of energy, leading to a decrease in blood glucose levels after exerting self-control, mirroring the temporary depletion of self-control, but supporting evidence is mixed and inconclusive. This might partly be due to using methods that are not suitable to reliably quantify glucose utilization. Aims. We aimed at examining whether self-control exertion leads to an increase in glucose utilization. Method. In a sample of N = 30 healthy participants (50% women, age 26.5 ± 3.5 years) we combined a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp (a well-established and validated procedure in experimental endocrinology to reliably quantify systemic glucose utilization) with a standard self-control dual-task paradigm. In the first task, the experimental group completed a variation of a paper-and-pencil crossing out letter task (COLT) that demanded self-control; the control group completed a variation of the COLT that did not demand self-control. The second task for both groups was a computerized two-color word Stroop which demanded self-control. Results. We did not find a significant main effect for time, nor a time × group interaction with respect to glucose utilization, which indicates that glucose utilization did not differ significantly over time or between groups. Limitations. Due to the time-consuming and complicated clamp method, our sample was rather small. Conclusion. Our results revealed little evidence for the notion that self-control efforts are associated with a relevant increase in peripheral glucose utilization.
{"title":"The Effects of Self-Control on Glucose Utilization in a Hyperinsulinemic Euglycemic Glucose Clamp","authors":"Daniela Zahn, Lara K. Gomille, J. Grammes, Patricia Gottschling, C. Fottner, M. Weber, Mario Wenzel, T. Kubiak","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Background. The glucose hypothesis of self-control posits that acts of self-control may draw upon glucose as a source of energy, leading to a decrease in blood glucose levels after exerting self-control, mirroring the temporary depletion of self-control, but supporting evidence is mixed and inconclusive. This might partly be due to using methods that are not suitable to reliably quantify glucose utilization. Aims. We aimed at examining whether self-control exertion leads to an increase in glucose utilization. Method. In a sample of N = 30 healthy participants (50% women, age 26.5 ± 3.5 years) we combined a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp (a well-established and validated procedure in experimental endocrinology to reliably quantify systemic glucose utilization) with a standard self-control dual-task paradigm. In the first task, the experimental group completed a variation of a paper-and-pencil crossing out letter task (COLT) that demanded self-control; the control group completed a variation of the COLT that did not demand self-control. The second task for both groups was a computerized two-color word Stroop which demanded self-control. Results. We did not find a significant main effect for time, nor a time × group interaction with respect to glucose utilization, which indicates that glucose utilization did not differ significantly over time or between groups. Limitations. Due to the time-consuming and complicated clamp method, our sample was rather small. Conclusion. Our results revealed little evidence for the notion that self-control efforts are associated with a relevant increase in peripheral glucose utilization.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77702124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000041
Amy E. Houlihan
Abstract. Despite large bodies of research examining perceptions of illnesses and perceptions of people who engage in various health behaviors, very little research has examined perceptions of people who have a specific illness. The aims of this research were to create a measure of “patient prototypes,” mental representations of the type of person who has a specific illness, and to examine their associations with other health cognitions and behaviors. Two survey studies (Study 1: N = 208 and Study 2: N = 246) assessed patient prototype favorability for three illnesses (skin cancer, Human papillomavirus (HPV), and type 2 diabetes) as well as constructs from the common-sense model and prototype willingness model. Patient prototypes for the three illnesses were distinct in terms of specific traits and overall favorability. Generally, patient prototype favorability was unrelated to illness representation dimensions in the common-sense model but was positively associated with some constructs in the prototype/willingness model. All three prototypes were positively correlated with perceived vulnerability. The skin cancer prototype was positively correlated with measures of behavioral willingness, behavioral intention, and actual health behavior (UV exposure). Limitations include the use of young adult participants who have relatively little experience with the illnesses examined. Measures of patient prototype favorability and health behaviors need to be further examined and refined. The novel construct of patient prototype favorability provides a foundation for future inquiry into the role that patient perceptions play in health behavior and the implications for the prototype/willingness model and the common-sense model.
{"title":"Patient Prototypes","authors":"Amy E. Houlihan","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Despite large bodies of research examining perceptions of illnesses and perceptions of people who engage in various health behaviors, very little research has examined perceptions of people who have a specific illness. The aims of this research were to create a measure of “patient prototypes,” mental representations of the type of person who has a specific illness, and to examine their associations with other health cognitions and behaviors. Two survey studies (Study 1: N = 208 and Study 2: N = 246) assessed patient prototype favorability for three illnesses (skin cancer, Human papillomavirus (HPV), and type 2 diabetes) as well as constructs from the common-sense model and prototype willingness model. Patient prototypes for the three illnesses were distinct in terms of specific traits and overall favorability. Generally, patient prototype favorability was unrelated to illness representation dimensions in the common-sense model but was positively associated with some constructs in the prototype/willingness model. All three prototypes were positively correlated with perceived vulnerability. The skin cancer prototype was positively correlated with measures of behavioral willingness, behavioral intention, and actual health behavior (UV exposure). Limitations include the use of young adult participants who have relatively little experience with the illnesses examined. Measures of patient prototype favorability and health behaviors need to be further examined and refined. The novel construct of patient prototype favorability provides a foundation for future inquiry into the role that patient perceptions play in health behavior and the implications for the prototype/willingness model and the common-sense model.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91019271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000040
M. Mantzios, Kirby Skillett, H. Egan
Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the impact of the Mindful Construal Diary (MCD) and the Mindful Raisin Exercise on the sensory tasting experience of chocolate and participants’ chocolate consumption. Participants were randomly allocated into three conditions (MCD, mindful raisin exercise, and mindless control), and engaged with either the MCD, the mindful raisin exercise, or, were asked to read a news article, respectively, while they ate a piece of chocolate. They then rated their satisfaction and desire to consume more chocolate on a 10-point Likert scale, and filled in a state mindful eating scale. Afterward, participants were informed that the study had ended and were asked to wait while the experimenter recorded some information, and any extra chocolate consumption during this time was recorded. Participants in both mindfulness conditions consumed significantly less chocolate after the exercise than participants in the control condition. No significant differences were found between the three conditions on ratings of satisfaction and desire to consume more chocolate. Both the MCD and the raisin exercise can be used to successfully moderate the intake of calorific foods, while the MCD can be utilized as an alternative practice to the typical meditation-based interventions.
{"title":"Examining the Effects of Two Mindful Eating Exercises on Chocolate Consumption","authors":"M. Mantzios, Kirby Skillett, H. Egan","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the impact of the Mindful Construal Diary (MCD) and the Mindful Raisin Exercise on the sensory tasting experience of chocolate and participants’ chocolate consumption. Participants were randomly allocated into three conditions (MCD, mindful raisin exercise, and mindless control), and engaged with either the MCD, the mindful raisin exercise, or, were asked to read a news article, respectively, while they ate a piece of chocolate. They then rated their satisfaction and desire to consume more chocolate on a 10-point Likert scale, and filled in a state mindful eating scale. Afterward, participants were informed that the study had ended and were asked to wait while the experimenter recorded some information, and any extra chocolate consumption during this time was recorded. Participants in both mindfulness conditions consumed significantly less chocolate after the exercise than participants in the control condition. No significant differences were found between the three conditions on ratings of satisfaction and desire to consume more chocolate. Both the MCD and the raisin exercise can be used to successfully moderate the intake of calorific foods, while the MCD can be utilized as an alternative practice to the typical meditation-based interventions.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75891448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-11DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000030
Hanna Hofmann, C. Kohlmann
Abstract. Positive affectivity (PA) and negative affectivity (NA) are basic traits that affect work-related perceptions and behaviors and should be considered in any assessment of these variables. A quite common method to assess healthy or unhealthy types of work-related perceptions and behaviors is the questionnaire on Work-Related Coping Behavior and Experience Patterns (WCEP). However, the association of PA and NA with WCEP remained unclear. In a sample of teachers, physiotherapists, and teacher students ( N = 745; Mage = 35.07, SD = 12.49; 78% females), we aimed to identify the relevance of these basic traits. After controlling for age, gender, and type of occupation, we found main effects of PA and NA, with the specific combination of PA and NA being decisive for predicting the assignment to a WCEP type. The results highlight the need to include PA and NA in future assessments with the WCEP questionnaire.
{"title":"The Role of Positive and Negative Affectivity in Healthy and Unhealthy Work-Related Behavior and Experiences","authors":"Hanna Hofmann, C. Kohlmann","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Positive affectivity (PA) and negative affectivity (NA) are basic traits that affect work-related perceptions and behaviors and should be considered in any assessment of these variables. A quite common method to assess healthy or unhealthy types of work-related perceptions and behaviors is the questionnaire on Work-Related Coping Behavior and Experience Patterns (WCEP). However, the association of PA and NA with WCEP remained unclear. In a sample of teachers, physiotherapists, and teacher students ( N = 745; Mage = 35.07, SD = 12.49; 78% females), we aimed to identify the relevance of these basic traits. After controlling for age, gender, and type of occupation, we found main effects of PA and NA, with the specific combination of PA and NA being decisive for predicting the assignment to a WCEP type. The results highlight the need to include PA and NA in future assessments with the WCEP questionnaire.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86942573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-11DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000029
C. Gebauer, V. Guenther, K. Stuerz
Abstract. This study addresses aspects of body image in blind versus seeing women. Eighty-nine congenitally blinded and 153 sighted women completed questionnaires to demographic, health-relevant data, and body image. The two groups did not differ significantly with regard to demographic and health-relevant data. However, significantly more women have children among the sighted group. All women generally presented as clinically inconspicuous in all factors of the body image. A group comparison does not reveal differences with regard to physical contact, vitality, and self-exaltation. However, a significantly lower sexual fulfillment among the blind persons in comparison to the seeing persons, but a significantly higher self-acceptance, is demonstrated. The results are discussed in the context of the previous scarce findings with regard to body image disorders in blind women and finally questioned whether they could benefit the therapy of body scheme disorders in seeing women.
{"title":"Differences in the Body Images of Blind and Sighted Women","authors":"C. Gebauer, V. Guenther, K. Stuerz","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study addresses aspects of body image in blind versus seeing women. Eighty-nine congenitally blinded and 153 sighted women completed questionnaires to demographic, health-relevant data, and body image. The two groups did not differ significantly with regard to demographic and health-relevant data. However, significantly more women have children among the sighted group. All women generally presented as clinically inconspicuous in all factors of the body image. A group comparison does not reveal differences with regard to physical contact, vitality, and self-exaltation. However, a significantly lower sexual fulfillment among the blind persons in comparison to the seeing persons, but a significantly higher self-acceptance, is demonstrated. The results are discussed in the context of the previous scarce findings with regard to body image disorders in blind women and finally questioned whether they could benefit the therapy of body scheme disorders in seeing women.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79946223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-11DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000027
B. Gusy, T. Lesener, C. Wolter
Abstract. Our study introduces a 9-item and an ultra-short 3-item version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale – Student Form (UWES-SF). Using data from German university students ( N = 2,620), our aim was to validate the factorial structure of the UWES-9-SF and to investigate the reliability and validity of an ultra-short measure – the UWES-3-SF. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) confirmed the three-factor structure of the 9-item version (CFI = .95; SRMR = .033, RMSEA = .088), the internal consistencies of the sub-scales were satisfactory. The ultra-short version with three items (one of each dimension) also proved to be a reliable indicator of student engagement with a Cronbach’s α of .86. Construct validity with similar and opposite constructs (burnout, satisfaction with life, subjective health, depressive symptoms, challenging study demands) was successfully proven for both measures as well as for the sub-scales of the UWES-9-SF. The German short and ultra-short versions of the UWES-SF with nine and three items, respectively, are valid and reliable measures to assess student engagement.
{"title":"Measuring Well-Being With the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale – Student Form","authors":"B. Gusy, T. Lesener, C. Wolter","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Our study introduces a 9-item and an ultra-short 3-item version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale – Student Form (UWES-SF). Using data from German university students ( N = 2,620), our aim was to validate the factorial structure of the UWES-9-SF and to investigate the reliability and validity of an ultra-short measure – the UWES-3-SF. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) confirmed the three-factor structure of the 9-item version (CFI = .95; SRMR = .033, RMSEA = .088), the internal consistencies of the sub-scales were satisfactory. The ultra-short version with three items (one of each dimension) also proved to be a reliable indicator of student engagement with a Cronbach’s α of .86. Construct validity with similar and opposite constructs (burnout, satisfaction with life, subjective health, depressive symptoms, challenging study demands) was successfully proven for both measures as well as for the sub-scales of the UWES-9-SF. The German short and ultra-short versions of the UWES-SF with nine and three items, respectively, are valid and reliable measures to assess student engagement.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80576138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-11DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000028
B. Schmalbach, A. Tibubos, A. Hinz, M. Zenger, E. Brähler
Abstract. The present study addresses shortcomings in previous psychometric research into the Scale for the Assessment of Illness Behavior (SAIB) and develops a short form, the SAIB-10. We used ant-colony optimization to construct a subset of items in an exploratory sample ( n = 1,187) and affirmed it in factor analysis in a confirmatory sample ( n = 1,208). We find excellent model fit and evidence for strict invariance across sex and age. As expected, there were associations with distressed personality, perceived social support, and mental health. Finally, we report normative values for usage by researchers and clinicians. In sum, the SAIB-10 is an economical measure of illness behavior and recommended as a screening tool or for large-scale surveys.
{"title":"Measuring Illness Behavior in One Minute","authors":"B. Schmalbach, A. Tibubos, A. Hinz, M. Zenger, E. Brähler","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The present study addresses shortcomings in previous psychometric research into the Scale for the Assessment of Illness Behavior (SAIB) and develops a short form, the SAIB-10. We used ant-colony optimization to construct a subset of items in an exploratory sample ( n = 1,187) and affirmed it in factor analysis in a confirmatory sample ( n = 1,208). We find excellent model fit and evidence for strict invariance across sex and age. As expected, there were associations with distressed personality, perceived social support, and mental health. Finally, we report normative values for usage by researchers and clinicians. In sum, the SAIB-10 is an economical measure of illness behavior and recommended as a screening tool or for large-scale surveys.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79312034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000034
Justė Lukoševičiūtė, K. Šmigelskas
Abstract. Illness perception is a concept that reflects patients' emotional and cognitive representations of disease. This study assessed the illness perception change during 6 months in 195 patients (33% women and 67% men) with acute coronary syndrome, taking into account the biological, psychological, and social factors. At baseline, more threatening illness perception was observed in women, persons aged 65 years or more, with poorer functional capacity (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III or IV) and comorbidities ( p < .05). Type D personality was the only independent factor related to more threatening illness perception (βs = 0.207, p = .006). At follow-up it was found that only self-reported cardiovascular impairment plays the role in illness perception change (βs = 0.544, p < .001): patients without impairment reported decreasing threats of illness, while the ones with it had a similar perception of threat like at baseline. Other biological, psychological, and social factors were partly associated with illness perception after an acute cardiac event but not with perception change after 6 months.
摘要疾病感知是一个反映患者对疾病的情感和认知表征的概念。本研究评估了195例急性冠状动脉综合征患者(女性33%，男性67%)在6个月内的疾病认知变化，并考虑了生理、心理和社会因素。在基线时，女性、65岁或以上、功能能力较差(纽约心脏协会[NYHA] III或IV级)和合共病中观察到更多的威胁性疾病感知(p < 0.05)。D型人格是唯一与威胁性疾病知觉相关的独立因素(βs = 0.207, p = 0.006)。随访发现，只有自我报告的心血管损伤在疾病感知变化中起作用(βs = 0.544, p < .001):无损伤的患者报告疾病威胁减少，而有损伤的患者对疾病威胁的感知与基线相似。其他生物、心理和社会因素与急性心脏事件后的疾病感知部分相关，但与6个月后的感知变化无关。
{"title":"Illness Perception and Its Changes During Six Months After Cardiac Rehabilitation","authors":"Justė Lukoševičiūtė, K. Šmigelskas","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Illness perception is a concept that reflects patients' emotional and cognitive representations of disease. This study assessed the illness perception change during 6 months in 195 patients (33% women and 67% men) with acute coronary syndrome, taking into account the biological, psychological, and social factors. At baseline, more threatening illness perception was observed in women, persons aged 65 years or more, with poorer functional capacity (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III or IV) and comorbidities ( p < .05). Type D personality was the only independent factor related to more threatening illness perception (βs = 0.207, p = .006). At follow-up it was found that only self-reported cardiovascular impairment plays the role in illness perception change (βs = 0.544, p < .001): patients without impairment reported decreasing threats of illness, while the ones with it had a similar perception of threat like at baseline. Other biological, psychological, and social factors were partly associated with illness perception after an acute cardiac event but not with perception change after 6 months.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79941315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000032
Ann-Katrin Job, Denise Kerkhoff, Fridtjof W. Nussbeck, K. Konrad, N. Heinrichs, A. Lohaus
Abstract. This study investigated whether foster parents’ reports of their dyadic coping competencies differ from biological parents, whether there are differences with regard to the temporal associations between maternal and paternal dyadic coping in the two samples, and whether parental dyadic coping competencies predict future mental health problems in children. A total of 94 foster children and 157 children living in their biological families, both samples aged 2–7 years, as well as their (foster) parents were assessed three times over a 12-month period. The mothers’ and fathers’ dyadic coping competencies were assessed using the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI). Child psychopathology was assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and a standardized clinical interview (Kinder-DIPS), both mainly based on maternal report. Foster parents reported better dyadic coping competencies across the three assessments than did biological parents. There were no significant differences with regard to the temporal associations between mothers’ and fathers’ report over time between the two samples. Cross-lagged panel models yielded a high within person stability across the three assessments for both, mothers and fathers (actor effects), as well as some significant interpersonal effects primarily from paternal to maternal dyadic coping (partner effects). In contrast to the expectation, mothers’ and fathers’ dyadic coping did not predict child mental health problems at the third assessment. The results make an important contribution to the research on dyadic coping and on how child mental health problems affect parental dyadic coping competencies and vice versa.
{"title":"Dyadic Coping in Foster and Biological Parents and Its Relation to Child Psychopathology","authors":"Ann-Katrin Job, Denise Kerkhoff, Fridtjof W. Nussbeck, K. Konrad, N. Heinrichs, A. Lohaus","doi":"10.1027/2512-8442/a000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study investigated whether foster parents’ reports of their dyadic coping competencies differ from biological parents, whether there are differences with regard to the temporal associations between maternal and paternal dyadic coping in the two samples, and whether parental dyadic coping competencies predict future mental health problems in children. A total of 94 foster children and 157 children living in their biological families, both samples aged 2–7 years, as well as their (foster) parents were assessed three times over a 12-month period. The mothers’ and fathers’ dyadic coping competencies were assessed using the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI). Child psychopathology was assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and a standardized clinical interview (Kinder-DIPS), both mainly based on maternal report. Foster parents reported better dyadic coping competencies across the three assessments than did biological parents. There were no significant differences with regard to the temporal associations between mothers’ and fathers’ report over time between the two samples. Cross-lagged panel models yielded a high within person stability across the three assessments for both, mothers and fathers (actor effects), as well as some significant interpersonal effects primarily from paternal to maternal dyadic coping (partner effects). In contrast to the expectation, mothers’ and fathers’ dyadic coping did not predict child mental health problems at the third assessment. The results make an important contribution to the research on dyadic coping and on how child mental health problems affect parental dyadic coping competencies and vice versa.","PeriodicalId":51983,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Health Psychology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82362705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1027/2512-8442/a000036
Beatrice Lee, C. Kaya, Xiangli Chen, Jia-Rung Wu, Kanako Iwanaga, Emre Umucu, J. Bezyak, T. Tansey, Fong Chan
Abstract. The transition from high school to college can be very stressful for Turkish students because they may experience value conflicts and adjustment issues, which can trigger the development of mental health problems. Character strengths can serve as a buffer against psychopathology. The aim of the study was to examine perceived stress and negative attributional style as mediating factors between character strengths and depression among Turkish college students. Bootstrap testing approach was implemented to compute direct and indirect effects and total effect in the mediation analysis. Altogether 235 students from two Turkish universities participated in the study. The results showed that character strengths were associated with lower levels of depression and it was negatively associated with perceived stress and negative attributional style. The results also indicated that perceived stress and negative attribution style completely mediated the relationship between character strengths and depression among Turkish college students. These findings suggested the need to develop empirically supported interventions that can promote character strengths toward reducing stress, negative attributions, and depression in this population.
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