Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2023.2194771
Nicholas Mansfield
ABSTRACT Renovators of old buildings sometimes discover concealed inscriptions made by past tradesmen. They are a means of communicating with fellow workers and posterity and passing on the traditional culture of the building trade. This article investigates a collection of graffiti created by early nineteenth-century plumbers. It explores how and why these marks were made -in celebration of tradesmen's skills - and deduces their meanings, with particular relevance to the noxious and dangerous trade of plumbing. It analyses how these values are reflected in other surviving English plumbers’ material culture and outlines the wider use of working-class graffiti.
{"title":"St Wilfrid’s church tower graffiti – plumbers’ marks in context","authors":"Nicholas Mansfield","doi":"10.1080/04308778.2023.2194771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2023.2194771","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Renovators of old buildings sometimes discover concealed inscriptions made by past tradesmen. They are a means of communicating with fellow workers and posterity and passing on the traditional culture of the building trade. This article investigates a collection of graffiti created by early nineteenth-century plumbers. It explores how and why these marks were made -in celebration of tradesmen's skills - and deduces their meanings, with particular relevance to the noxious and dangerous trade of plumbing. It analyses how these values are reflected in other surviving English plumbers’ material culture and outlines the wider use of working-class graffiti.","PeriodicalId":51989,"journal":{"name":"Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"46 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41320207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2023.2204670
Shaun Richardson
ABSTRACT The leaded roofs of the nave and south aisle of All Saints Church, Wath Upon Dearne, South Yorkshire, are covered in graffiti dating from between the early-seventeenth and the twentieth centuries. The graffiti, along with other features such as plumbers’ plaques, was the subject of archaeological recording in 2013. This paper discusses the form of the graffiti, and what information it preserves about the spiritual, folk and community beliefs of those who made it. Its potential for understanding changes to the fabric of the church itself is also examined.
{"title":"Plumbers, abolitionists, steeplejacks and window men: the graffiti community of the roof of All Saints Church, Wath Upon Dearne, South Yorkshire","authors":"Shaun Richardson","doi":"10.1080/04308778.2023.2204670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2023.2204670","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The leaded roofs of the nave and south aisle of All Saints Church, Wath Upon Dearne, South Yorkshire, are covered in graffiti dating from between the early-seventeenth and the twentieth centuries. The graffiti, along with other features such as plumbers’ plaques, was the subject of archaeological recording in 2013. This paper discusses the form of the graffiti, and what information it preserves about the spiritual, folk and community beliefs of those who made it. Its potential for understanding changes to the fabric of the church itself is also examined.","PeriodicalId":51989,"journal":{"name":"Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"89 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45829054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2023.2194768
C. Stevens
Trades Unions in an attempt to afford themselves some protection. The book is peppered with little gems of information, and I read with particular interest that the great architect brothers, Robert and John Adam, were shareholders in the well-known Carron Iron Company of Falkirk. The company had brought workers from Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, to share their expertise in decorative cast iron. The Adam brothers being shareholders makes perfect sense when one considers the influence they had over the development of the styles and commissions in the growing number of stylish houses in Scotland. So many fireplaces were required, not to mention door furniture! In this book, Nenadic’s hypothesis is scrutinized and she concludes that, as the nineteenth century turned into the twentieth, traditional skills of the craftworkers were still thriving alongside factory production, as was the case in England and France. She had also detected similar patterns in Europe and Asia, not least as a growing tourism market kept many craftworkers in business.
{"title":"Dressing up: a history of fancy dress in Britain","authors":"C. Stevens","doi":"10.1080/04308778.2023.2194768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2023.2194768","url":null,"abstract":"Trades Unions in an attempt to afford themselves some protection. The book is peppered with little gems of information, and I read with particular interest that the great architect brothers, Robert and John Adam, were shareholders in the well-known Carron Iron Company of Falkirk. The company had brought workers from Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, to share their expertise in decorative cast iron. The Adam brothers being shareholders makes perfect sense when one considers the influence they had over the development of the styles and commissions in the growing number of stylish houses in Scotland. So many fireplaces were required, not to mention door furniture! In this book, Nenadic’s hypothesis is scrutinized and she concludes that, as the nineteenth century turned into the twentieth, traditional skills of the craftworkers were still thriving alongside factory production, as was the case in England and France. She had also detected similar patterns in Europe and Asia, not least as a growing tourism market kept many craftworkers in business.","PeriodicalId":51989,"journal":{"name":"Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"112 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42692480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2023.2194767
E. Edwards
{"title":"Craftworkers in Nineteenth-Century Scotland: making and adapting in an industrial age","authors":"E. Edwards","doi":"10.1080/04308778.2023.2194767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2023.2194767","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51989,"journal":{"name":"Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"111 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59384413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2023.2194770
Patrick J. Glen
{"title":"The Kinks: Songs of the Semi-Detached","authors":"Patrick J. Glen","doi":"10.1080/04308778.2023.2194770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2023.2194770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51989,"journal":{"name":"Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"117 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43438042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2023.2194786
H. Holmes
ABSTRACT Lanarkshire led in the manufacture of agricultural implements and machines from the late eighteenth century onwards. Helped by natural resources, the early and rapid rise of industrialization and infrastructure, businesses created innovative products that were in demand. This paper investigates the makers of agricultural implements and machines in Lanarkshire, especially outside Glasgow, as innovators and leaders in the trade. It looks at their character, why they were innovative and the implements and machines they were renowned for. Although activity began from the late-eighteenth century, the primary focus is on the mid-nineteenth to the early-twentieth century.
{"title":"Power and innovation: Lanarkshire agricultural implement and machine makers in the nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries","authors":"H. Holmes","doi":"10.1080/04308778.2023.2194786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2023.2194786","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lanarkshire led in the manufacture of agricultural implements and machines from the late eighteenth century onwards. Helped by natural resources, the early and rapid rise of industrialization and infrastructure, businesses created innovative products that were in demand. This paper investigates the makers of agricultural implements and machines in Lanarkshire, especially outside Glasgow, as innovators and leaders in the trade. It looks at their character, why they were innovative and the implements and machines they were renowned for. Although activity began from the late-eighteenth century, the primary focus is on the mid-nineteenth to the early-twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":51989,"journal":{"name":"Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"64 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43022945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2023.2194787
Audrey Robitaillié
Folk beliefs around changelings, iarlaisí in Irish, are numerous in Ireland: fairies would take humans away to the Otherworld, while leaving a substitute in place of the stolen person. A number of studies have been carried out that highlight the aetiological origins of changeling folklore: these narratives would rationalize otherwise inexplicable disabilities and illnesses, such as failure to thrive. Despite the extensive scholarship on this aspect of folk belief and that ‘it may seem there is little left to add’ according to Linda-May Ballard, analysis of changeling tales has taught us that further insights can still be found within them. Consequently, this study analyses changeling narratives in Irish folklore, both in English and in Irish, and focuses on liminality in the Irish changeling tradition as a way to achieve such new understandings. The accounts under examination here focus on those in which the family brutally gets rid of the changeling. I exclude stories in which the fairy creature demonstrates extraordinary capacities for music or speech for example. Simply put, this enquiry examines narratives featuring motif F321.1.4, paying particular attention to the way the fairy interloper is driven out, according to Stith Thompson’s classification. Liminality, the quality of something which is situated, to take up Victor Turner's phrase, ‘betwixt and between’ two spaces or states, physical or metaphorical, is central to changeling tales. The term, popularised by Arnold Van Gennep in his ethnographical study The Rites of Passage, designates the character of that which belongs to these thresholds, be they a dividing line or a border space, and of that which therefore holds characteristics of both worlds on either side of it. The liminality of these accounts, expressed through their characters, settings and plots is also studied through its relationship with the narrative technique of the fantastic. Indeed, the changelings, half-human, half-fairy, are embodiments of liminality in the narratives. Yet the characters are not the only ones to be found on the threshold between worlds. Places, times and even narrative technique similarly possess an in-between dimension. This study centres specifically on the fantastic, a process that blurs the boundaries between the real and the imagined, theorized by Tzvetan Todorov amongst others, as it
关于换生灵的民间信仰，爱尔兰语iarlaisí，在爱尔兰有很多:仙女会把人类带到另一个世界，而留下一个替代品来代替被偷走的人。许多研究都强调了换生灵民间传说的病因学起源:这些叙述将使其他无法解释的残疾和疾病合理化，比如无法茁壮成长。尽管在民间信仰的这方面有广泛的学术研究，而且根据琳达-梅·巴拉德(Linda-May Ballard)的说法，“似乎没有什么可以补充的了”，但对换灵故事的分析告诉我们，仍然可以在其中找到进一步的见解。因此，本研究分析了爱尔兰民间传说中的换生灵故事，包括英语和爱尔兰语，并将重点放在爱尔兰换生灵传统中的阈限上，以此作为实现这种新理解的一种方式。这里要考察的是那些家族残忍地除掉换子人的故事。我排除了精灵生物在音乐或语言方面表现出非凡能力的故事。简单地说，根据Stith Thompson的分类，这个调查研究了以主题F321.1.4为特征的叙事，特别关注了仙女闯入者被赶出去的方式。阈限，即某种事物的品质，用维克多·特纳的话来说，“介于”两个空间或状态之间，无论是物理的还是隐喻的，是改变故事的核心。这个词是由Arnold Van Gennep在他的民族志研究《通过的仪式》中推广的，它指的是属于这些门槛的特征，无论它们是分界线还是边界空间，因此在它的两边都具有两个世界的特征。这些叙述的阈限性，通过人物、背景和情节来表达，也通过它与奇幻叙事技巧的关系来研究。事实上，半人半仙的换生灵，是叙事中阈限性的体现。然而，角色并不是唯一出现在两个世界之间的角色。地点、时间甚至叙事技巧都同样拥有一个中间维度。这项研究的重点是幻想，这是一个模糊现实和想象之间界限的过程，兹维坦·托多罗夫等人提出了这一理论
{"title":"Fantastic changelings: liminality and narrative technique in Irish changeling tales","authors":"Audrey Robitaillié","doi":"10.1080/04308778.2023.2194787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2023.2194787","url":null,"abstract":"Folk beliefs around changelings, iarlaisí in Irish, are numerous in Ireland: fairies would take humans away to the Otherworld, while leaving a substitute in place of the stolen person. A number of studies have been carried out that highlight the aetiological origins of changeling folklore: these narratives would rationalize otherwise inexplicable disabilities and illnesses, such as failure to thrive. Despite the extensive scholarship on this aspect of folk belief and that ‘it may seem there is little left to add’ according to Linda-May Ballard, analysis of changeling tales has taught us that further insights can still be found within them. Consequently, this study analyses changeling narratives in Irish folklore, both in English and in Irish, and focuses on liminality in the Irish changeling tradition as a way to achieve such new understandings. The accounts under examination here focus on those in which the family brutally gets rid of the changeling. I exclude stories in which the fairy creature demonstrates extraordinary capacities for music or speech for example. Simply put, this enquiry examines narratives featuring motif F321.1.4, paying particular attention to the way the fairy interloper is driven out, according to Stith Thompson’s classification. Liminality, the quality of something which is situated, to take up Victor Turner's phrase, ‘betwixt and between’ two spaces or states, physical or metaphorical, is central to changeling tales. The term, popularised by Arnold Van Gennep in his ethnographical study The Rites of Passage, designates the character of that which belongs to these thresholds, be they a dividing line or a border space, and of that which therefore holds characteristics of both worlds on either side of it. The liminality of these accounts, expressed through their characters, settings and plots is also studied through its relationship with the narrative technique of the fantastic. Indeed, the changelings, half-human, half-fairy, are embodiments of liminality in the narratives. Yet the characters are not the only ones to be found on the threshold between worlds. Places, times and even narrative technique similarly possess an in-between dimension. This study centres specifically on the fantastic, a process that blurs the boundaries between the real and the imagined, theorized by Tzvetan Todorov amongst others, as it","PeriodicalId":51989,"journal":{"name":"Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":"1 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42692298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2022.2113715
P. Ravula, K. Kasala, Ananya Chakraborty
ABSTRACT Festivals are an integral part of the rich and varied cultures of indigenous communities in India. Festivals are closely linked to an indigenous group’s occupations, such as cultivation, and mark a ritual calendar that directs the dietary behaviour of the community. This paper examines the festivals and food cultures of indigenous groups living in six villages in Telangana, India, using participatory qualitative methods such as focus group discussions and the mapping of seasonal calendars. There are seventy-nine unique festivals, out of which 40% (32) celebrate farm activities such as sowing and harvesting of crops, or the worship of nature and animals. Differences in dietary behaviours during festivals follow gender, age, and economic status. An examination of the traditional food culture of indigenous communities guided by festivals and traditions can provide insights relevant to the promotion of goals leading to sustainable food security in India.
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