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Irish country furniture and furnishings 1700-2000 爱尔兰乡村家具和家具1700-2000
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1969770
Gillian O'Brien
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引用次数: 4
Reimagining Irish food ways for the twenty-first century 重塑21世纪爱尔兰的饮食方式
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1957194
Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire, Lillis Ó Laoire
Food and drink are fundamental to life, and apart from costume, they are among the most noticeable markers of cultural otherness within intercultural encounters. There is a current global interest in foods that are artisanal, local, traditional, seasonal and sustainable, and that tell a cultural story, as witnessed by the popularity of the Nordic Food Movement, or the 2021 Netflix series High on the Hog: How African American Cuisine Transformed America. In 2019, the Royal Irish Academy published A History of Ireland in 100 Words, which had a special chapter on ‘Food and Feasting’ highlighting the importance of bread, milk, apples, and honey as iconic Irish foods, and including drinking horns, forks, cauldrons, and the champion’s portion ‘curadhmhír’ as other important cultural elements within Ireland’s history. Food history has been gaining momentum globally for over half a century. In an Irish context, it has been sixty years since A.T. Lucas’s seminal paper ‘Irish food before the potato’ was published in this very journal. Other individual researchers on Irish food history, traditions and customs included Kevin Danaher, Fergus Kelly, Louis Cullen, Bríd Mahon, and more recently Finbar McCormick, Katherine Simms and Patricia Lysaght. It has been forty years since Alan Davidson and Theodore Zeldin established the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery. The symposium provided both a network and an audience for international ethnographers and food scholars such as Claudia Roden, Elisabeth Luard and Charles Perry to showcase their research, not to mention Irish symposiasts such as Myrtle Allen, Regina Sexton, Darina Allen, Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire (the present guest editor), Dorothy Cashman, Diarmuid Cawley, and Anke Klitzing, four of whom feature in this special thematic issue of Folk Life on Irish food ways. Inspired by the Oxford Symposium, the Dublin Gastronomy Symposium (DGS) was organized as a biennial event in 2012. This initial meeting resulted in the publication of ‘Tickling the Palate:’ Gastronomy in Irish Literature and Culture in 2014, part of Peter Lang’s Reimagining Ireland series. This edited collection focused a food lens on Irish authors such as Maria Edgeworth, James Joyce, John McGahern, and Sebastian Barry, along with exploring food and drink consumption in various segments of Irish society from the elite households of eighteenth-century Ireland to the Dublin tenements of the 1950s, and on to the emergence of Ireland as a ‘foodie nation’ with the proliferation of Michelin starred restaurants and the widespread exportation of Irish pubs. The DGS was a collaboration between culinary researchers at Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street and key members of the Association of Franco-Irish Studies (AFIS) at the Institute of Technology Tallaght, at a time when the TU Dublin project was only aspirational. AFIS conferences soon began to organize gastronomy sessions, and further foodrelated chapters appeared in a number of other
食物和饮料是生活的基础,除了服装之外,它们是跨文化接触中最显著的文化差异性标志之一。目前,全球对手工、本地、传统、季节性和可持续的食物产生了兴趣,这些食物讲述了一个文化故事,北欧食品运动的流行或2021年Netflix系列《High on the Hog:非裔美国人美食如何改变美国》(High on the Hog: How African American Cuisine如何改变美国)就是例证。2019年,爱尔兰皇家学院出版了《100个单词中的爱尔兰历史》,其中有一个关于“食物和宴会”的特别章节,强调了面包、牛奶、苹果和蜂蜜作为标志性爱尔兰食物的重要性,并将饮用角、叉子、坩埚和冠军的部分“curadhmhír”作为爱尔兰历史上其他重要的文化元素。半个多世纪以来,食品历史在全球范围内不断发展壮大。在爱尔兰的背景下,距A.T.卢卡斯的开创性论文《马铃薯出现之前的爱尔兰食物》在这本杂志上发表已经60年了。其他研究爱尔兰食物历史、传统和习俗的个人包括Kevin Danaher、Fergus Kelly、Louis Cullen、Bríd Mahon,以及最近的Finbar McCormick、Katherine Simms和Patricia Lysaght。自从艾伦·戴维森和西奥多·泽尔丁创立牛津食品与烹饪研讨会以来,已经过去了40年。研讨会为国际人种学家和食品学者提供了一个网络和听众,如克劳迪娅·罗登,伊丽莎白·卢尔德和查尔斯·佩里展示他们的研究,更不用说爱尔兰的专题讨论会,如默特尔·艾伦,里贾纳·塞克斯顿,达里娜·艾伦Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire(现任客座编辑),多萝西·卡什曼,Diarmuid Cawley和Anke Klitzing,其中四人在《民间生活》这期关于爱尔兰食品方式的特别专题问题上表现突出。受牛津研讨会的启发,都柏林美食研讨会(DGS)于2012年举办,每两年举办一次。这次初次会面促成了2014年出版的《挠味蕾:爱尔兰文学和文化中的美食》一书,该书是彼得·朗的《重新想象爱尔兰》系列的一部分。这本编辑过的书聚焦于爱尔兰作家玛丽亚·埃奇沃斯、詹姆斯·乔伊斯、约翰·麦加恩和塞巴斯蒂安·巴里等人的美食镜头,同时探索了爱尔兰社会各个阶层的食品和饮料消费,从18世纪爱尔兰的精英家庭到20世纪50年代的都柏林公寓,以及随着米其林星级餐厅的激增和爱尔兰酒吧的广泛出口,爱尔兰作为一个“美食国家”的出现。DGS是都柏林理工学院(Cathal Brugha Street)的烹饪研究人员与Tallaght理工学院的法国-爱尔兰研究协会(AFIS)主要成员之间的合作,当时都柏林理工大学的项目只是一个理想。AFIS会议很快开始组织美食会议,进一步的食品相关章节出现在《重新想象爱尔兰》系列(参见第55卷、66卷、68卷和93卷)的其他编辑卷中,以及《2021年民间生活研究》第9卷和第14卷中。2,77 - 80 https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2021.1957194
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引用次数: 0
“Is Irish Stew the only kind of stew we can afford to make, mother?” The history of a recipe “妈妈,爱尔兰炖菜是我们唯一能做得起的炖菜吗?”食谱的历史
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1957420
D. Cashman, John Farrelly
ABSTRACT This paper traces the social, political and culinary history of Irish stew from what are its earliest iterations through to its inclusion in a recently published collection of Irish recipes. The constituent ingredients are contextualized and the emergence of oral and printed recipes tracked within a theoretical framework that gives equal importance to the political and social contexts that existed as successive recipes for the dish gained currency. The shifts in meanings and associations of the dish among different people – those who observed and commented on the Irish, and the Irish themselves – are traced, detailing its emergence from painful association with subsistence living to a confident place in the pantheon of Irish cuisine – an important part of Ireland’s intangible cultural heritage.
本文追溯了爱尔兰炖菜的社会,政治和烹饪历史,从最早的迭代到最近出版的爱尔兰食谱集。组成成分被语境化,口头和印刷食谱的出现在一个理论框架内进行了追踪,该框架同样重视政治和社会背景,因为这道菜的连续食谱获得了流通。不同的人对这道菜的意义和联想的变化——那些观察和评论爱尔兰人的人,以及爱尔兰人自己——被追踪,详细描述了它从与自给生活的痛苦联系到在爱尔兰美食的万神殿中占有一席之地的过程——这是爱尔兰非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分。
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引用次数: 3
Farming in Cumbria: the Tullie house collection 坎布里亚郡的农业:Tullie房屋收藏
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1969764
D. Viner
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引用次数: 0
Dressing the dead: evidence from Greek popular literature, oral lament and ethographic field work 为死者穿衣:来自希腊通俗文学、口头哀歌和行为学田野调查的证据
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1898760
M. Varvounīs, N. Macha-Bizoumi
ABSTRACT In this paper, we address issues relative to the clothes used to dress the dead in Greek culture in modern times through to the present. This is done firstly by using descriptions from popular artistic prose, many of which provide significant detail. More specifically, we draw upon testimony from songs about death and the moirologia (laments or dirges), sung over the corpse, based on references in primary folkloric material in both printed and handwritten collections. We also draw from 100 ethnographic interviews conducted between 2005–12. We include all the types of clothes, differentiations in urban and rural areas, in social and economic class, and in gender and age. We also shed light upon the possible ritual uses of these clothes, as encountered in the death customs of the Greek people.
摘要在这篇文章中,我们讨论了从现代到现在希腊文化中用来给死者穿衣服的问题。这首先是通过使用流行艺术散文中的描述来实现的,其中许多都提供了重要的细节。更具体地说,我们根据印刷品和手写品收藏中的主要民俗材料中的参考,从关于死亡和在尸体上演唱的moirogia(哀歌或挽歌)的歌曲中获得证词。我们还从2005-2002年间进行的100次民族志访谈中得出结论。我们包括所有类型的衣服,城市和农村地区的差异,社会和经济阶层的差异,以及性别和年龄的差异。我们还揭示了这些衣服可能在仪式上的用途,就像在希腊人民的死亡习俗中遇到的那样。
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引用次数: 0
Enemies in the Empire: civilian internment in the British Empire during the First World War 帝国的敌人:第一次世界大战期间大英帝国的平民拘留
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1899462
M. Richardson
debates about truth and fiction as false seances began to occur, in which mediums performed fake apparitions, claiming to communicate with real spirits. The author lists other renowned names from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries such as Mesmer and his experiments, Allan Kardec ‘the codifier’ of Spiritism, and the Spiritualist medium Madame Blavatsky. They indicated what the nineteenth century would characterize as the modern seances: meetings of mediums around tables for communicating with spirits. Morton dedicates herself in great detail to the phenomenon of the Fox sisters in the United States, demonstrating their methodical structuring of the communication. In addition, William Crookes and his debate on sensitive people and telepathy, the emergence of societies for the study of spiritualist phenomena and Houdini’s illusions were events that, according to the author, prove the intellectual effort towards the debate concerning the communication with spirits. Finally, Morton points out the continuity of seances in the twentieth century on the grounds of charlatanism, Ouija boards and experiments with ectoplasm. She also tells us about the contemporary application of the topic, for instance the medical reports about life after death, mediums who work with the police to solve cases, and the experiments with paranormal activities and telepathy. Moreover, the reader will notice the fluidity of people’s mentalities, religions and practices through time, but the consensus between sceptics and believers remains the same: humans possess an innate desire to believe that, somehow, life continues after death. Whether by searching for answers beyond the materialistic philosophies or by seeking for some comfort to deal with the loss of beloved ones, humanity has always sought some kind of explanation. This book is a good first contact for readers who have never read about the topic. It is aimed at the general public and, for this reason, the linear historical periodization allows neophytes to realize the intention of mapping the phenomenon throughout the history of humanity. The accessible language enables a fluid reading and, most importantly, makes the book enjoyable. The author does not quote from historical documentation directly; however, the book explores a large bibliography, being a helpful resource for those interested in pursuing the subject further. Despite her focus on exploring the phenomena in Englishspeaking countries, with occasional mentioning of seances in other countries, the author’s inventory of personalities from the field of communication with spirits offers a wide range of research possibilities for readers.
关于真实和虚构的争论开始出现,因为虚假的降神会开始出现,在这种降神会中,灵媒表演虚假的幽灵,声称与真正的灵魂交流。作者列举了18和19世纪其他著名的名字,如梅斯默和他的实验,阿兰·卡德克的“编纂者”的招魂术,以及灵媒布拉瓦茨基夫人。它们表明了19世纪现代降神会的特征:灵媒们围坐在桌子旁与灵魂交流。莫顿非常详细地研究了美国福克斯姐妹的现象,展示了她们有条理的沟通结构。此外,威廉·克鲁克斯(William Crookes)和他关于敏感的人和心灵感应的辩论,研究通灵现象的社团的出现以及胡迪尼幻觉的事件,根据作者的说法,证明了关于与灵魂交流的辩论的智力努力。最后,莫顿指出,降神会在20世纪的延续是基于江湖骗术、占卜板和灵质实验。她还向我们讲述了这个话题在当代的应用,例如关于死后生命的医学报告,与警方合作破案的灵媒,以及超自然活动和心灵感应的实验。此外,读者会注意到人们的心态、宗教和习俗随着时间的推移而变化,但怀疑论者和信徒之间的共识是不变的:人类天生渴望相信,在某种程度上,死后生命还会继续。无论是通过寻找超越唯物主义哲学的答案,还是通过寻求一些安慰来处理失去亲人的问题,人类总是在寻求某种解释。这本书对于那些从未读过这个话题的读者来说是一个很好的第一次接触。它针对的是普通大众,因此,线性的历史分期使新手能够实现在整个人类历史中绘制现象的意图。通俗易懂的语言可以流畅地阅读,最重要的是,让书变得有趣。作者没有直接引用历史文献;然而,这本书探讨了一个大的参考书目,是一个有用的资源,为那些有兴趣在追求进一步的主题。尽管她专注于探索英语国家的现象,偶尔也提到其他国家的降神会,但作者从与灵魂交流的领域对人物的盘点为读者提供了广泛的研究可能性。
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引用次数: 1
Miners, mariners and masons: the global network of victorian freemasonry 矿工、水手和泥瓦匠:维多利亚时代共济会的全球网络
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1899467
M. Dennis
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引用次数: 1
Reconstructing early shieling landscapes & land-use in Cumbria during the Viking Age 重建维京时代坎布里亚郡早期的屏障景观和土地利用
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1891729
Ryan Foster
ABSTRACT This paper presents a historical and cultural geographic approach to landscape development in Cumbria, through an examination of shieling names. A lack of contemporary written sources and few archaeological excavations leave place-names as an important source of evidence. This paper examines cultural practices associated with shielings to help explain how landscape was exploited and what this tells us about Scandinavian settlement in the Viking Age.
本文介绍了坎布里亚郡景观开发的历史和文化地理方法,通过对屏蔽名称的检查。由于缺乏当代文字资料和很少的考古发掘,地名作为重要的证据来源。本文研究了与盾牌相关的文化习俗,以帮助解释景观是如何被利用的,以及这告诉我们关于维京时代斯堪的纳维亚人定居的信息。
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引用次数: 2
The story of Danish museums 丹麦博物馆的故事
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1899454
D. Eveleigh
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引用次数: 0
Magical house protection – the archeology of counter-witchcraft 魔法屋保护——反巫术考古
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2021.1899459
E. McMullen
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies
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