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Technical optimism theoretical limits 技术乐观主义理论极限
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-1-16-20
D. A. Rodionov
This work reveals a part of the technical optimism theoretical limits. The aim of the study is to represent the technical optimism as a modification of a spontaneous value mindset and to reveal the main theoretical limits of it. In this regard, the main categories of the technical optimism are described as a phenomenon (engineering as the wheal a priori, assertion of the engineering orientation to obtain benefits, technical reality acceptance), the technology axiological neutrality is identified and substantiated. The essence of the technical singularity is revealed as one of the options for describing the limit of the scientific and technological progress, and as one of the main modern optimistic technology concepts. The basic aspects of the epistemic and existential modalities of the technical optimism are revealed, that allows to see the basis of the technical reality axiological thematization. The main research methods are idiographic and nomothetic methods. The study is novel in that it identifies the technical optimism modalities.
这项工作揭示了部分技术乐观主义的理论局限性。本研究的目的是将技术乐观主义描述为一种自发价值心态的修正,并揭示其主要的理论局限性。在这方面,技术乐观主义的主要类别被描述为一种现象(工程作为先验的车轮,断言工程导向以获得利益,技术现实接受),技术价值论中立性被确定并证实。技术奇点的本质是描述科技进步极限的一种选择,是现代乐观主义的主要技术概念之一。揭示了技术乐观主义的认识论和存在主义模态的基本方面,从而看到了技术现实价值论主题化的基础。主要的研究方法有具象法和本体法。这项研究的新颖之处在于它确定了技术乐观主义的模式。
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引用次数: 0
Internet space in the contemporary drama about teenagers 当代网络空间中关于青少年的戏剧
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-1-41-47
Е. S. Kabilova
The article considers modern plays that show the peculiarities of the teenagers communication in the Internet. The aim of the study is to determine the impact that, according to playwrights, in the Internet communication has on the fate of adolescents. The empirical material for the study was the plays of 2013-2020, noted at the competitions of the contemporary dramaturgy and included in the collections of teenage plays: "Photo topless" by N. Blok, "That's all she" by A. Ivanov, "Mart and Sliva" by E. Bizyaeva, "Gandhi was silent on Saturdays" by A. Bukreeva. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is based on a combination of an interdisciplinary approach with an analysis of works on literary criticism, theater studies and psychology. As a result of the investigation, it was found that playwrights reconstruct the situation of characters' being in the Internet and reflect the communication of teenagers with their peers, adults and anonymous users, whose age or gender cannot be determined. The emerging conflict situations are associated with the violation of personal boundaries (bringing the conflict into the public space of the Internet), the substitution of live communication with virtual one, the manipulation by adults of the fragile consciousness of children. In some cases, the Internet space is portrayed as a digital copy of the real life of adolescents, while the Internet becomes a platform to which traditional adolescent conflicts are transferred. In other cases, the Internet becomes a place where a teenager goes to, being in conflict with the present.
本文认为,现代戏剧表现了青少年网络交际的特点。根据剧作家的说法,这项研究的目的是确定互联网传播对青少年命运的影响。这项研究的实证材料是2013-2020年的戏剧,这些戏剧在当代戏剧比赛中被提到,并被收录在青少年戏剧集中:n·布洛克(N. Blok)的《半裸照片》、a·伊万诺夫(A. Ivanov)的《她就是这样》、e·比兹耶娃(E. Bizyaeva)的《玛特和斯里瓦》、a·布克列娃(A. Bukreeva)的《甘地周六沉默》。该研究的理论和方法基础是基于跨学科方法与文学批评,戏剧研究和心理学作品分析的结合。通过调查发现,剧作家重构了人物在网络中的存在情境,反映了青少年与同龄人、成年人以及无法确定年龄或性别的匿名用户的交流。新出现的冲突情况与个人边界的侵犯(将冲突带入互联网的公共空间),以虚拟交流代替现实交流,成年人对儿童脆弱意识的操纵有关。在某些情况下,互联网空间被描绘成青少年真实生活的数字副本,而互联网则成为传统青少年冲突转移的平台。在其他情况下,互联网成为青少年去的地方,与现在发生冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Features of the discursive dominants in the political communication 政治交际中话语主体的特征
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-1-72-78
N. A. Tribunskaya, A. Pustarnakova
The article considers the discursive dominants represented in the political Internet discourse and official political discourse. Subjective (characteristic and axiological), actional and spatial dominants are analyzed. The patterns of foregrounding certain situation components are established. The aim of the present study is to analyze foregrounding of certain discursive dominants depending on the political communication type. The authors set the following tasks to achieve this goal: to study the subject-related theoretical material, to analyze the frequency of the discursive dominants in the political communication, to identify the realization features of the speaker's intention in the political Internet discourse and in the official political discourse.The material for the analysis were the US Presidents utterances in the social network, as well as official documents of the Presidential Actions, posted on the website of the US Government. The authors of the article use various methods, including observation and description, comparative method, contextual analysis, discourse analysis. The study scientific novelty lies in the comparison of two different spheres of the political communication. In the process of discourse interaction certain discursive dominants appear. Politicians statements in social networks often contain an actualized subjective dominant, which allows to affect the information perception by the recipient. At the same time, in the texts of official documents, the actional dominant is brought to the forefront, which is directly related to the participants actions.
本文考察了网络政治话语和官方政治话语中所代表的话语主体。主观(特征和价值论)、行动和空间优势进行了分析。建立了对某些情境成分的前景模式。本研究的目的在于分析不同政治传播类型下某些话语优势的前景。为了实现这一目标,作者设定了以下任务:研究与主题相关的理论材料,分析政治传播中话语支配的频率,识别政治网络话语和官方政治话语中说话人意图的实现特征。分析的材料是美国总统在社交网络上的言论,以及美国政府网站上发布的总统行动的官方文件。本文作者运用了多种方法,包括观察描述法、比较法、语境分析法、语篇分析法等。科学新颖性的研究在于对政治传播的两个不同领域进行比较。在话语互动过程中,出现了一定的话语支配者。政治人物在社交网络中的言论往往包含一种已实现的主观支配,这种支配可以影响接受者对信息的感知。同时,在官方文件文本中,行为主导地位被突出,这与参与者的行为直接相关。
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引用次数: 0
The role of social activity in the urban space management 社会活动在城市空间管理中的作用
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-1-27-31
T. Bernyukevich
Introduction. The study relevance is concerned with the complexity of urban space management issues, including a number of aspects: social, economic, urban planning proper, etc. The subject of analysis in this article is the role of social activity in managing the urban space. The purpose of the study is to identify the place and functions of the social activity within the framework of the efficient management of urban processes. The objectives of the study include: determining the parameters of the urban spatial characteristics, in terms of subject differences of various disciplines; analyzing approaches to managing the urban space; clarifying the role of the social activity in this management. Materials and methods. The study is based on an integrated approach that enables to consider the complex phenomenon of the urban space from different perspectives and, in relation to this complexity, determine the social aspects of urban space management. Results. Exploring the urban cultural space often involves interdisciplinarity. Urban space organization records the history of the city, its needs, and strategic development. A unique image of the city, formed by the relation between its streets, squares, embankments, its architecture. A significant contribution to the study of urban space was made by representatives of the urban sociology, within which the issues of urban development were associated with social transformations. The analysis of these transformations has started the urban sociology. Conclusions. Ways of developing urban spaces are set by the production practice and social relations, the complex social system and influence of social groups, the authority and corporate role. Not only establishing the theoretical and methodological basis for developing the urban space is necessary, but also educing their potential to consider the public opinion when determining the urban development and improvement.
介绍。研究的相关性涉及城市空间管理问题的复杂性,包括许多方面:社会、经济、城市规划适当等。本文分析的主题是社会活动在城市空间管理中的作用。这项研究的目的是在城市进程的有效管理框架内确定社会活动的位置和功能。本研究的目的包括:根据各学科的学科差异,确定城市空间特征的参数;城市空间管理的分析方法;明确社会活动在这一管理中的作用。材料和方法。这项研究的基础是一种综合办法,能够从不同的角度考虑城市空间的复杂现象,并根据这种复杂性确定城市空间管理的社会方面。结果。城市文化空间的探索往往涉及跨学科。城市空间组织记录了城市的历史、需求和战略发展。一个独特的城市形象,由它的街道、广场、堤防和建筑之间的关系形成。城市社会学的代表对城市空间的研究作出了重大贡献,其中城市发展问题与社会变革有关。对这些转变的分析开启了城市社会学的研究。结论。城市空间的发展方式是由生产实践和社会关系、复杂的社会系统和社会群体的影响、权威和企业角色所决定的。不仅需要建立城市空间开发的理论和方法基础,还需要降低他们在确定城市发展和改善时考虑民意的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Living the duty of care: languaging in semiotic fields 履行注意义务:符号学领域的语言
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/css-2022-2098
S. Cowley
Abstract New hope can draw on anti-humanist duty of care. Turning from debate about how one ought to act in discursively produced “realities,” Paul Cobley advocates a bioethics of living in semiotic fields. Thanks to observership, humans can make good use of both the known and how things appear as signs. For Cobley, the latter are “mind independent.” Once deemed real, semiosis can unite the lawful, the perceivable and, at least, some of the unknown. However, skeptical as I am about metaphysics and mind, I shift the focus to languaging in semiotic fields: human perceiving, doing, and saying entangle languaging with nature’s simplex tricks (Berthoz, Alain. 2012. Simplexity: Simplifying principles for a complex world. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press). An ethical dimension runs through how we feel, speak and, thus, actualize practices. The duty of care, the known, the knowable, and the unknowable unite in thingishness. What appear to us as signs ensure that perceiving-acting can draw, at times, on fictions and, at others, precision tools. Humans tether sense to wordings as, without end, we actualize practices. Stories bring ethical awareness to attitudes, action, and the due care that shapes understanding and response to institutions. In offering a distributed perspective on language, one makes possible an ecolinguistics that works for life-sustaining relations between humans, nonhumans and what we call “things.”
新希望可以借鉴反人道主义的注意义务。保罗·科布利(Paul Cobley)从关于人们应该如何在话语产生的“现实”中行动的争论转向倡导一种生活在符号学领域的生命伦理学。由于观察者的存在,人类可以很好地利用已知的事物和事物的表现作为迹象。在科布利看来,后者是“独立于思维的”。一旦被认为是真实的,符号学就可以把合法的、可感知的,至少是一些未知的东西结合起来。然而,由于我对形而上学和心灵持怀疑态度,我将重点转移到符码领域的语言:人类的感知,行为和说话将语言与自然的简单把戏纠缠在一起(Berthoz, Alain. 2012)。简单性:简化复杂世界的原则。康涅狄格州纽黑文:耶鲁大学出版社)。道德维度贯穿于我们的感觉、说话以及实践实践。注意的义务,已知的,可知的,和不可知的统一在物性。这些在我们看来是标志的东西,确保了感知-行动有时可以取材于虚构,有时则是精确的工具。人类把感觉束缚在语言上,因为我们无休止地实践实践。故事将道德意识带入态度、行动和应有的谨慎,从而形成对制度的理解和反应。在提供一种关于语言的分布式视角时,人们使生态语言学成为可能,它适用于人类、非人类和我们所说的“事物”之间维持生命的关系。
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引用次数: 2
Introducing Paul Cobley: a graphic guide Paul Cobley简介:图解指南
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/css-2022-2099
E. Barreto, Donald Favareau
Abstract Within the discipline of semiotics, written text remains the primary mode of communication and analysis, despite the fact that, as all good semioticians know, signs occur in all modalities – which is why we think of artists and musicians, no less than novelists and poets, as applied semioticians par excellence. In 1997, Paul Cobley and Litza Jansz combined the semiotic tools of words and drawings to produce what is undoubtedly one of the most successful and influential texts for the dissemination of semiotic theory: the illustrated graphic guide called Semiotics for beginners (later published as Introducing semiotics). On the occasion of this well-deserved festschrift honoring Paul’s life of work in semiotics, the authors felt it most appropriate to pay homage to Paul – and to the graphic guide with which he has inspired countless readers across the world to better understand the fundamentals of semiotics – by once again combining the semiotic tools of words and drawings to illustrate the ideas and history of this master semiotician.
在符号学学科中,书面文本仍然是沟通和分析的主要模式,尽管所有优秀的符号学家都知道,符号以各种形式出现——这就是为什么我们认为艺术家和音乐家,不亚于小说家和诗人,是卓越的应用符号学家。1997年,Paul Cobley和Litza Jansz将文字和绘画的符号学工具结合在一起,制作了毫无疑问是传播符号学理论最成功和最有影响力的文本之一:《初学者符号学》(后来出版为《符号学入门》)的图解指南。在这个当之无愧的纪念保罗在符号学方面的一生的节日之际,作者们认为,通过再次结合文字和绘画的符号学工具来说明这位符号学大师的思想和历史,向保罗和他激励了世界各地无数读者更好地理解符号学基础的图形指南致敬是最合适的。
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引用次数: 0
A strophe, a chorus, and a bridge walk into a bar… 一个strophe,一个chorus,一个bridge走进酒吧…
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/css-2022-2092
D. Martinelli
Abstract Building up on Paul Cobley’s work on narrativity in film and literature, the present article aims at exploring how pop songs convey narrative elements via their own structure (or “format,” as it shall be called here), and their single components (intro, outro, bridge, refrain, etc.). Some of the most recurrent formats (particularly Strophe–Refrain and Chorus–Bridge) as well as some of the most unusual ones (e.g. the suite) are discussed within the framework of the three main narrative movements analyzed by Cobley (realism, modernism, and postmodernism), and additional parallels with literature and cinema will be proposed in the area of what here will be called “conceptual space” (diegesis, non-diegesis, fourth wall, etc.).
摘要本文在Paul Cobley关于电影和文学叙事性的工作的基础上,旨在探索流行歌曲如何通过其自身的结构(或此处所称的“格式”)传达叙事元素,以及它们的单一组成部分(引子、副歌、桥段、副歌等)。在Cobley分析的三个主要叙事运动(现实主义、现代主义和后现代主义)的框架内,讨论了一些最常见的形式(特别是Strophe–refrain和Chorus–bridge)以及一些最不寻常的形式(例如组曲),在这里被称为“概念空间”(diegesis,non-diegesis,第四壁等)的领域,将提出与文学和电影的额外相似之处。
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引用次数: 0
Transcending the mid-most target: Paul Cobley and the cultural implications of biosemiotics 超越最中间的目标:保罗·科布利和生物符号学的文化含义
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/css-2022-2093
Donald Favareau
Abstract Having been intimately aligned with the research agenda of biosemiotics since his colleague Thomas Sebeok first started using the term in 1992, Paul Cobley has consistently argued against the idea that the primary aim of biosemiotics is to make an intervention in the discourse and epistemology of the life sciences. Instead, he argues for the potential of a biosemiotically informed humanities for refashioning the ways in which we humans come to understand our situation within a world of signs and other organisms – as well as our existential duty of care for preserving the diversity and flourishing of both through the development of an anti-volunteerist ethics. Paul Cobley’s 2016 Cultural implications of biosemiotics fills a much-needed lacuna in the literature of biosemiotics in focusing with laser-like precision on those aspects of our human being – politics and aesthetics, education and ideology – that, Cobley rightly claims, have gone disproportionately under-analyzed and even under-appreciated in biosemiotics, due to its competing emphasis on reformulating biology. As one of the justly accused, I would like to take the occasion of this Festschrift to show the extent to which I now believe that Paul’s more expansive understanding of the purview of biosemiotics is, indeed, the proper one.
摘要自从他的同事Thomas Sebeok于1992年首次使用生物计量学这个术语以来,Paul Cobley一直与生物计量学的研究议程密切相关,他一直反对生物计量学主要目的是干预生命科学的话语和认识论的观点。相反,他认为,生物计量学的人文学科有潜力重塑我们人类在一个由符号和其他生物组成的世界中理解自己处境的方式,以及我们的生存责任,即通过发展反自愿伦理来保护两者的多样性和繁荣。Paul Cobley 2016年的《生物计量学的文化含义》填补了生物计量学文献中一个急需的空白,即以激光般的精度关注我们人类的那些方面——政治和美学、教育和意识形态——Cobley正确地声称,这些方面在生物计量学中被过度低估,甚至被低估,由于其对重新配方生物学的竞争性重视。作为被公正指控的人之一,我想借此机会展示我现在认为保罗对生物计量学范围的更广泛理解确实是正确的。
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引用次数: 0
Paul Cobley’s impact on biosemiotics: Thomas Sebeok’s next century Paul Cobley对生物计量学的影响:Thomas Sebeok的下一个世纪
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/css-2022-2089
K. Kull
Abstract We briefly review the impact of Paul Cobley (born 1963) on biosemiotics and list his works on the topic. These have links to communication studies and integrationism. After Thomas Sebeok, John Deely, and several others, Cobley has been a leader of the general semiotics movement, according to which “semiotics’ project is most fully realized on a biosemiotic basis.”
摘要我们简要回顾了Paul Cobley(1963年出生)对生物计量学的影响,并列举了他在这一主题上的著作。这些都与传播学和整合主义有关。继Thomas Sebeok、John Deely和其他几位之后,Cobley一直是一般符号学运动的领导者,根据该运动,“符号学的项目在生物计量的基础上得到了最充分的实现。”
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引用次数: 0
Semioethics and global communication 符号学伦理与全球传播
IF 0.2 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/css-2022-2094
Susan Petrilli, A. Ponzio
Abstract In the sign of homaging Paul Cobley as part of this Festschrift for him, we will consider two of his edited volumes: the first The Routledge companion to semiotics, 2010, to which we contributed a text titled “Semioethics,” and the second (co-edited with Kristian Bankov), Semiotics and its masters, 2017, to which we contributed the text “Semioethics as a vocation of semiotics.” Particular reference is made to Paul’s observations in his “Introduction” to Part I, “Understanding semiotics,” in the 2010 book, and in his opening essay, “What the humanities are for – a semiotic perspective,” in Section 1: “Semiotics in the world and academia,” in the 2017 book. What follows is an ideal discussion with Paul regarding “Semioethics” and possible developments today. In line with critical semiotics, our focus is on communication in globalization and the need for education to dialogism, plurilingualism, and critique for a new humanism, a primary task for the humanities today.
为了纪念保罗·科布利(Paul Cobley),我们将考虑他编辑的两卷书:第一本是《劳特利奇符号学伴侣》,2010年,我们为其提供了题为“符号学伦理”的文本;第二本(与克里斯蒂安·班科夫(Kristian Bankov)合编),《符号学及其大师》,2017年,我们为其提供了“符号学的职业——符号学伦理”的文本。特别提到了保罗在2010年的书中第一部分“理解符号学”的“引言”中的观察,以及他在2017年的书中第一节“世界和学术界的符号学”的开篇文章“人文科学是为了什么-符号学的视角”。接下来是与保罗关于“符号学”和今天可能的发展的理想讨论。与批判符号学一致,我们的重点是全球化中的交流,以及对对话、多语言和新人文主义批判的教育需求,这是当今人文学科的主要任务。
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引用次数: 0
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Chinese Semiotic Studies
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