Abstract This brief text introduces the main themes and topics of this collection of articles on “The visage as text: physiognomy, semiotics, and face reading from antiquity to artificial intelligence,” emphasizing the historical continuity of interest in the face as a surface to be scrutinized, investigated, and studied in order to know the individual’s intimacy or future. It points out the intertwining of semeiotic knowledge, which aims at capturing clues in the face to determine a patient’s state of health, and semiotics, which systematizes these inferences within the framework of the circumstantial paradigm. The introduction concludes by pointing out how the new digital technologies of the face are reviving and problematizing anew the semiotic interest in physiognomy understood not as a scientific discipline but as a field of sign attention directed at the face.
{"title":"Introduction to “The visage as text”","authors":"Remo Gramigna, Massimo Leone","doi":"10.1515/css-2023-2010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2023-2010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This brief text introduces the main themes and topics of this collection of articles on “The visage as text: physiognomy, semiotics, and face reading from antiquity to artificial intelligence,” emphasizing the historical continuity of interest in the face as a surface to be scrutinized, investigated, and studied in order to know the individual’s intimacy or future. It points out the intertwining of semeiotic knowledge, which aims at capturing clues in the face to determine a patient’s state of health, and semiotics, which systematizes these inferences within the framework of the circumstantial paradigm. The introduction concludes by pointing out how the new digital technologies of the face are reviving and problematizing anew the semiotic interest in physiognomy understood not as a scientific discipline but as a field of sign attention directed at the face.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135051644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper aims at confronting a semio-anthropology of the face, based on the principles of Lévi-Strauss and Greimas, with the representation of the visage in Japanese Nō theater. As a theory, semiotics permits an explanation of the signification of faces, reduced at first to a series of masks, and their representations in different cultures. Within this framework, we will show that representations of visages in Nō form a semiotic system specific to both Japanese culture (myths, legends) and theatrical performance, and that the latter reintroduces a dynamic dimension which questions their status. Initially described as “narrative masks” depicting characters, they finally emerge as “movement masks” that blur the boundary between mask and face even further.
{"title":"The visage and the mask: semiotic considerations around representations of visages in Japanese Nō","authors":"Ludovic Chatenet","doi":"10.1515/css-2023-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2023-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper aims at confronting a semio-anthropology of the face, based on the principles of Lévi-Strauss and Greimas, with the representation of the visage in Japanese Nō theater. As a theory, semiotics permits an explanation of the signification of faces, reduced at first to a series of masks, and their representations in different cultures. Within this framework, we will show that representations of visages in Nō form a semiotic system specific to both Japanese culture (myths, legends) and theatrical performance, and that the latter reintroduces a dynamic dimension which questions their status. Initially described as “narrative masks” depicting characters, they finally emerge as “movement masks” that blur the boundary between mask and face even further.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135051650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the late 1870s, Galton implements and describes the technique of “composite photography.” This technique consists in overlapping several images of faces on the same photographic plate to obtain what Galton calls a “generic face.” The idea of composite photography appears in some of the crucial junctures of Peirce’s semiotic theory. Peirce uses the composite photograph as the image of the percept to explain how the “general” is a schema through which we organize the perceived. The paper shows how Peirce’s use of the metaphor of composite photography is linked to the question of the “embodiment” of the general.
{"title":"Embodying genre: from Galton’s generic faces to Peirce’s embodied ideas","authors":"Julia Ponzio","doi":"10.1515/css-2023-2016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2023-2016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the late 1870s, Galton implements and describes the technique of “composite photography.” This technique consists in overlapping several images of faces on the same photographic plate to obtain what Galton calls a “generic face.” The idea of composite photography appears in some of the crucial junctures of Peirce’s semiotic theory. Peirce uses the composite photograph as the image of the percept to explain how the “general” is a schema through which we organize the perceived. The paper shows how Peirce’s use of the metaphor of composite photography is linked to the question of the “embodiment” of the general.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135052061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Facial recognition technology has enabled governments and private companies to have control of millions of faces in different countries around the world. This becomes dangerous since it threatens the privacy of citizens, which is why different activists demonstrate against this form of control and surveillance using different technological and aesthetic resources to prevent said recognition. This work aims at showing how face concealment can be a powerful semiotic device that can slow down or divert facial recognition technology, configuring new physiognomies. We begin by characterizing the forms of concealment of the face in the contemporary digital age, and then we analyze, from a semiotic perspective, a particular case: the different types of makeup that Adam Harvey proposes so that faces cannot be recognized. The results of the investigation show how this form of face concealment that generates new physiognomies builds political senses of resistance against advanced technology that aims to identify, monitor, and control human faces.
{"title":"Concealment of the face and new physiognomies","authors":"Baal Delupi","doi":"10.1515/css-2023-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/css-2023-2018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Facial recognition technology has enabled governments and private companies to have control of millions of faces in different countries around the world. This becomes dangerous since it threatens the privacy of citizens, which is why different activists demonstrate against this form of control and surveillance using different technological and aesthetic resources to prevent said recognition. This work aims at showing how face concealment can be a powerful semiotic device that can slow down or divert facial recognition technology, configuring new physiognomies. We begin by characterizing the forms of concealment of the face in the contemporary digital age, and then we analyze, from a semiotic perspective, a particular case: the different types of makeup that Adam Harvey proposes so that faces cannot be recognized. The results of the investigation show how this form of face concealment that generates new physiognomies builds political senses of resistance against advanced technology that aims to identify, monitor, and control human faces.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135051648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-99-106
L. Chetyrova, Aleksey S. Sakharov
The article is devoted to analysis of the works of the so-called village prose (F. Abramov, V. Shukshin, V. Rasputin, A. Solzhenitsyn) in the decolonial perspective using the concept of internal colonization. The characteristics of this concept and its heuristic potential are given. The application of semiotic method - distinction of markers - allowed the authors to determine the points of divergence in the socialist realism poetics and the village prose. It is shown that the village prose plots do not fit into the soviet ideological narratives, while the key narrative of the modern thinking - progress - in the artistic world of the village text testifies to the destruction of Russian village and the Russian peasantry. It is revealed that F. Abramov's application of the deconstruction method allowed to revaluate the narratives that are important for the soviet ideology. In V. Shukshins stories we have found an opposition of modernity - traditionalism, which serves as a precondition for the comic. It allows us to identify a subordinate position of a villager-peasant, irrelevant in the world of modernity.
本文运用内部殖民化的概念，从非殖民化的角度分析了所谓的乡村散文(F. Abramov, V. Shukshin, V. Rasputin, A. Solzhenitsyn)的作品。给出了这一概念的特点及其启发式潜力。符号学方法的运用——标记的区分——使作者确定了社会主义现实主义诗学与乡村散文的分歧点。乡村散文的情节与苏联意识形态叙事格格不入，而乡村文本艺术世界中现代思维的关键叙事——进步——则证明了俄罗斯乡村和俄罗斯农民的毁灭。揭示了阿布拉莫夫对解构方法的运用使得对苏联意识形态的重要叙事得以重新评价。在舒克辛的小说中，我们发现了现代性的对立面——传统主义，这是喜剧的前提。它让我们认识到，在现代世界中，村农的从属地位是无关紧要的。
{"title":"“Village prose” in the context of conflict between the traditional russian culture and the soviet modernity","authors":"L. Chetyrova, Aleksey S. Sakharov","doi":"10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-99-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-99-106","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to analysis of the works of the so-called village prose (F. Abramov, V. Shukshin, V. Rasputin, A. Solzhenitsyn) in the decolonial perspective using the concept of internal colonization. The characteristics of this concept and its heuristic potential are given. The application of semiotic method - distinction of markers - allowed the authors to determine the points of divergence in the socialist realism poetics and the village prose. It is shown that the village prose plots do not fit into the soviet ideological narratives, while the key narrative of the modern thinking - progress - in the artistic world of the village text testifies to the destruction of Russian village and the Russian peasantry. It is revealed that F. Abramov's application of the deconstruction method allowed to revaluate the narratives that are important for the soviet ideology. In V. Shukshins stories we have found an opposition of modernity - traditionalism, which serves as a precondition for the comic. It allows us to identify a subordinate position of a villager-peasant, irrelevant in the world of modernity.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86292961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-75-82
Yunhui Zhao
The article discusses the features of business communication in digital format on the example of Chinese enterprises. In the course of the study, various electronic communication tools used in business communication were studied. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods of digital communication are determined. The specific characteristics of the business style of communication are described. Chinese enterprises experience demonstrates the advantages of the digital format of business communication.
{"title":"The specifics of digital business communication at Chinese enterprises","authors":"Yunhui Zhao","doi":"10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-75-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-75-82","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the features of business communication in digital format on the example of Chinese enterprises. In the course of the study, various electronic communication tools used in business communication were studied. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods of digital communication are determined. The specific characteristics of the business style of communication are described. Chinese enterprises experience demonstrates the advantages of the digital format of business communication.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75379491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-66-74
O. Tolpygina, E. A. Ryzhkova
This article aims to trace the history and development of agency theory in sociology, various approaches to the content of the term and the methodology of studying the phenomenon. Through the prism of transforming agency theory, the participation of residents in governmental, regional and municipal programs of public spaces improvement can be seen as a model action-structure. A hypothesis is put forward about the reciprocal influence of both components of this model on each other as a guarantee of the effectiveness of the improvement programs implementation. This assumption is verified on the basis of the information obtained during the quantitative stage of the study of the residents attitude to the implementation of improvement programs, which is currently being carried out on the territory of the Samara city district. The study applied result will be a set of recommendations for improving the mechanisms for implementing improvement programs.
{"title":"Transforming agency in terms of improvement program implementation","authors":"O. Tolpygina, E. A. Ryzhkova","doi":"10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-66-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-66-74","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to trace the history and development of agency theory in sociology, various approaches to the content of the term and the methodology of studying the phenomenon. Through the prism of transforming agency theory, the participation of residents in governmental, regional and municipal programs of public spaces improvement can be seen as a model action-structure. A hypothesis is put forward about the reciprocal influence of both components of this model on each other as a guarantee of the effectiveness of the improvement programs implementation. This assumption is verified on the basis of the information obtained during the quantitative stage of the study of the residents attitude to the implementation of improvement programs, which is currently being carried out on the territory of the Samara city district. The study applied result will be a set of recommendations for improving the mechanisms for implementing improvement programs.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"23 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88094425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-92-98
I. Petrova, Eugene Ivanovich Dulesin
The article is devoted to the study of considering children's opinions and interests by parents when implementing the family education. The spread of the family education in modern Russia is associated with the technological progress, political and social changes in society. The family education is a "crisis" practice that allows parents to save their children from its undesirable effects during crisis. The use of family education ensures eliminating the contradictions between the education system possibilities and the parents' demand for education. Parents' motives for choosing the family education are linked to their value orientations for education and upbringing. A series of in-depth interviews with parents identified key issues in protecting the rights and supporting the interests of children in the family education. An analysis of media content created by children about their own vision of the family education benefits was carried out. The features of organizing the family educational process, which includes parents' choice of educational programmes, subjects studied, teaching aids, methods of material presentation, contributes to the development of child independence, involves the use of tutors for additional preparation for the final attestation.
{"title":"Consideration for children in homeschooling: the social research experience","authors":"I. Petrova, Eugene Ivanovich Dulesin","doi":"10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-92-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-92-98","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of considering children's opinions and interests by parents when implementing the family education. The spread of the family education in modern Russia is associated with the technological progress, political and social changes in society. The family education is a \"crisis\" practice that allows parents to save their children from its undesirable effects during crisis. The use of family education ensures eliminating the contradictions between the education system possibilities and the parents' demand for education. Parents' motives for choosing the family education are linked to their value orientations for education and upbringing. A series of in-depth interviews with parents identified key issues in protecting the rights and supporting the interests of children in the family education. An analysis of media content created by children about their own vision of the family education benefits was carried out. The features of organizing the family educational process, which includes parents' choice of educational programmes, subjects studied, teaching aids, methods of material presentation, contributes to the development of child independence, involves the use of tutors for additional preparation for the final attestation.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74181711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-29-37
V. Faritov
The article explicates the philosophical motives of A. Dumas' trilogy about the musketeers. A comparative study of the socio-political views of A. Dumas and F. Nietzsche is carried out. The features of the trilogy poetics are analyzed. The ideological and figurative content of Dumas' novels is revealed in the context of the teachings of F. Nietzsche, O. Spengler, W. Sombart. The main motives of the Dumas trilogy and Cervantes' novel about Don Quixote are parallelized. The article substantiates the thesis that the main motive of the Dumas trilogy about the musketeers is the image of the superhuman.
{"title":"Semiotics of the superhuman: the superhuman images in A. Dumas' trilogy about the musketeers","authors":"V. Faritov","doi":"10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-29-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-29-37","url":null,"abstract":"The article explicates the philosophical motives of A. Dumas' trilogy about the musketeers. A comparative study of the socio-political views of A. Dumas and F. Nietzsche is carried out. The features of the trilogy poetics are analyzed. The ideological and figurative content of Dumas' novels is revealed in the context of the teachings of F. Nietzsche, O. Spengler, W. Sombart. The main motives of the Dumas trilogy and Cervantes' novel about Don Quixote are parallelized. The article substantiates the thesis that the main motive of the Dumas trilogy about the musketeers is the image of the superhuman.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88075692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-107-117
Natalia Semenova
The aphorisms of the journalist, publicist, physician August Osipovich Rosenthal (18301891) are introduced into scientific discourse. In 1855 Rosenthal raised an uprising that became part of the peasant uprisings of the mid-1850s. He was arrested and exiled to Siberia, later reinstated. In 1880 he emigrated: the published aphorisms refer to the overseas period of Rosenthal's life. The preamble to the text specifies biographical information based on archival sources from Rosenthal's personal fund (Manuscript Department of the IRLI (the Pushkin House) RAS, F. 258).The published aphorisms are reflections on the moral nature of the human being and society. Distinctive features of Rosenthal's collection are a combination of didactics, humor and adherence to the knowledge scientific paradigm, openness to dialogue with the reader and declarative interactivity.
新闻记者、公关人员、医生奥古斯特·奥西波维奇·罗森塔尔(18301891)的格言被引入科学论述。1855年，罗森塔尔发动了一场起义，成为19世纪50年代中期农民起义的一部分。他被逮捕并流放到西伯利亚，后来又复职。1880年，他移居国外:出版的格言指的是罗森塔尔生活的海外时期。正文的序言详细说明了基于罗森塔尔个人基金(IRLI(普希金之家)手稿部RAS, F. 258)的档案来源的传记信息。出版的格言是对人类和社会道德本质的反思。罗森塔尔作品集的特点是教学、幽默和对知识科学范式的坚持、与读者对话的开放性和陈述性互动的结合。
{"title":"Aphorisms of Dr. Rosenthal (Part II)","authors":"Natalia Semenova","doi":"10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-107-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/2782-2966-2023-3-2-107-117","url":null,"abstract":"The aphorisms of the journalist, publicist, physician August Osipovich Rosenthal (18301891) are introduced into scientific discourse. In 1855 Rosenthal raised an uprising that became part of the peasant uprisings of the mid-1850s. He was arrested and exiled to Siberia, later reinstated. In 1880 he emigrated: the published aphorisms refer to the overseas period of Rosenthal's life. The preamble to the text specifies biographical information based on archival sources from Rosenthal's personal fund (Manuscript Department of the IRLI (the Pushkin House) RAS, F. 258).The published aphorisms are reflections on the moral nature of the human being and society. Distinctive features of Rosenthal's collection are a combination of didactics, humor and adherence to the knowledge scientific paradigm, openness to dialogue with the reader and declarative interactivity.","PeriodicalId":52036,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Semiotic Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82187841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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