Bulletin KNOB最新文献

英文中文

Utrecht bouwt 1945-1975 | Post 65 - Een turbulente tijd | Experimentele woningbouw in Nederland 1968-1980 乌得勒支建筑 1945-1975 | 65 后--动荡的年代 | 1968-1980 年荷兰的实验性住房建设

IF 0.1 0 ARCHITECTURE

Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.4.813

Marie-Thérèse Van Thoor

Bespreking van de boeken van: Arjan den Boer, Bettina van Santen en Ronald WillemsenUtrecht bouwt 1945-1975 Judith van Hoogdalem en Botine KoopmansPost 65 – een turbulente tijdArchitectuur en stedenbouw in Den Haag 1965-1995 Marcel Barzilay, Ruben Ferwerda en Anita BlomExperimentele woningbouw in Nederland 1968-198064 gerealiseerde woonbeloften

书籍的讨论:Arjan den Boer,贝蒂娜·桑顿和Ronald WillemsenUtrecht建造1945-1975朱迪斯·勒姆和Botine KoopmansPost 65 -一个动荡tijdArchitectuur在海牙1965-1995 Marcel Barzilay和城市住房的鲁本·Ferwerda和Anita BlomExperimentele 1968-198064实现woonbeloften

引用次数: 0

Beperkte kansen op een zorgeloze oude dag 无忧无虑安享晚年的机会有限

IF 0.1 0 ARCHITECTURE

Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.4.809

B. Colenbrander

Gebouwen die na omstreeks 1965 zijn opgeleverd, hebben niet zomaar een goede kans om oud te worden, hoe robuust ze soms ook zijn. Ieder gebouw kan namelijk kapot, ongeacht leeftijd, bouwkundige toestand of architectonische kwaliteit. Zodra het idee postvat dat een gebouw in de weg staat, is de kans dat het plat gaat aanzienlijk. Dat is des te meer het geval als het gebouw zijn oorspronkelijke functie verloren heeft en boekhoudkundig is afgeschreven. In dit essayistische artikel wordt de stelling betrokken dat de functionalistische fixatie op doelmatigheid ook heeft doorgewerkt in de omgang met bestaande gebouwen en de intellectuele reflectie daarop. Zo maakt het welbekende schema van Stewart Brand onderscheid tussen de diverse materiële lagen van een gebouw, die ieder voor zich een verschillende houdbaarheid in de tijd zouden hebben. Dat wil echter in de praktijk niet zeggen dat die houdbaarheid ook gerespecteerd wordt: lang niet altijd wordt over een gebouw in redelijkheid beschikt, laat staan dat recht zou worden gedaan aan de materiële levensduur van de verschillende lagen van een gebouw. Desondanks kan aan Aldo Rossi’s vermaarde betoog omtrent de ‘permanenties’ van culturele waarde van de stad nog steeds gevolg worden gegeven, voor wie aan de stad als cultureel project gehecht is geraakt. Het levensduurprobleem van architectuur uit de meer recente tijd wordt nog aangescherpt doordat gebouwen meer en meer als een neutrale voorziening, oftewel een commodity, worden aangemerkt. Daarmee kan naar believen worden gemanipuleerd, zonder dat de eventuele architectonische verdiensten daarbij in het oog worden gehouden. Twee hooggewaardeerde gebouwen van architect Herman Hertzberger ondervinden in de afgelopen jaren de strijd om het bestaan aan den lijve: het kantoor voor Centraal Beheer in Apeldoorn (1968-1972) en het Ministerie van Sociale Zaken in Den Haag (1979-1990). Beide gebouwen werden functioneel elastisch ontworpen. Dat maakte echter niet dat ze bestand zijn gebleken tegen de grilligheid van de onroerendgoedmarkt: het voortbestaan van beide gebouwen staat in 2023 op het spel. Paradoxaal genoeg is de tweede in dit artikel gepresenteerde casus hoopvoller, terwijl het nota bene een gebouw betreft dat allerminst als aanpasbaar ontworpen werd. Het is het kantoor van het drinkwaterbedrijf Kralingen in Rotterdam (1973-1979) van Wim Quist. Leidde het aanvankelijke idee voor de aanpassing van dit gebouw tot conflict, door bemiddeling kwam naderhand een architectonisch overtuigende oplossing beschikbaar die aanvaardbaar was voor alle betrokken partijen, inclusief de oorspronkelijke architect.

1965年以后建成的建筑，无论多么坚固，都有很好的老化机会。任何建筑都可能被破坏，无论它的年龄、结构状况或建筑质量如何。一旦有人认为一座建筑挡住了你的路，它被夷为平地的机会就相当大了。如果这座建筑失去了原有的功能，并在会计上被冲销，情况就更糟了。在这篇散文式的文章中，我们发现功能主义对效率的执着也影响了对现有建筑的处理和对它们的智力思考。例如，著名的Stewart Brand方案区分了建筑的不同材料层，每一层都有不同的保质期。然而，在实践中，这并不意味着这种可持续性也得到了尊重:建筑物并不总是得到合理的使用，更不用说考虑到建筑物各层的材料寿命了。尽管如此，阿尔多·罗西关于城市文化价值的“持久性”的著名论点仍然可以被那些已经开始把城市作为一个文化项目的人所接受。最近建筑的寿命问题变得更加严重，因为建筑越来越被认为是一种中立的供应或商品。因此，它可以被任意操纵，而不考虑任何可能的建筑价值。近年来，建筑师赫尔曼·赫茨伯格(Herman Hertzberger)设计的两座备受推崇的建筑正在为生存而战:阿珀尔多伦(Apeldoorn)的中央管理办公室(1968-1972)和海牙的社会事务部(1979-1990)。这两座建筑都是功能弹性设计的。然而，这并不能证明他们能够承受房地产市场的动荡:这两座建筑在2023年的生存岌岌可危。矛盾的是，本文中提出的第二个案例更有希望，尽管它涉及的建筑绝不是可定制的。它是Wim Quist在鹿特丹的Kralingen饮用水公司的办公室(1973-1979)。改造这座建筑的最初想法导致了冲突，随后通过调解达成了一个建筑上令人信服的解决方案，所有相关方都能接受，包括最初的建筑师。

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引用次数: 0

Paleis Het Loo Paleis Het Loo

0 ARCHITECTURE

Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.3.793

Hanneke Ronnes

Bespreking van een boek van Anne-Dirk Renting (samenstelling en redactie)

Anne-Dirk Renting的一本书评论(编辑和编辑)

引用次数: 0

Speculanten en revolutiebouwers 投机者和革命者

0 ARCHITECTURE

Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.3.798

Jos Smit

Bespreking van een boek van Rens Smid

塞壬·史密斯的书的评论

引用次数: 1

The History of the Theory of Structures 结构理论的历史

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Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.3.796

Dirk Van de Vijver

Bespreking van een boek van Karl-Eugen Kurrer

卡尔-尤金·库勒的书的评论

引用次数: 86

The company premises as passport 公司经营场所作为护照

0 ARCHITECTURE

Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.3.791

Jelle Angillis

In several academic disciplines that focus on (historical) building practice there is growing interest in building contractors and their employees. Their contribution and influence are increasingly the subject of research. After the Second World War the contractor’s field of work was defined by productivity, specialization and industrialization, which profoundly altered the professional character of this branch of industry. Social developments and the prevailing idea of an all-encompassing welfare state triggered top-down and bottom-up changes in this traditionally highly cyclical sector. This fostered diversity in the contracting world, yet those diverse profiles and identities often remain unrecognized today. This is compounded by the fact that, unlike architects for example, the source material left behind by contractors and their employees is usually less informative and often fragmented. This article seeks to demonstrate the potential of alternative source material by analysing company photos in order to better understand the profile and identity of two post-war Belgian contractors. During their existence, Van Coillie of Oostende (1919-1976) and Van Laere of Kruibeke (1938-1989) amassed extensive collections of photographs, which were recently made accessible by the Flanders Architecture Institute (VAi). The focus of this article is on a series of photos from the 1960s and ’70s depicting the headquarters of both companies. These company premises and buildings were the very heart of the businesses, which adopted a pragmatic or strategic design to reflect their profile and identity. The selected photos are compared with information gleaned from a series of in-depth interviews with ex-employees in order to place the companies in their particular historical context. The analysis is in two parts, the first of which focuses on the site, the company architecture and the implanting. This reveals information about the size and organization of the contractors, as well as about their company strategy and professional profile. For example, they used these elements to create a strong position in the building sector and in so doing cement their reputation. The second part analyses a few interiors of the 1961 Van Laere headquarters. A detailed visual examination reveals how these spaces reflected the internal organization and hierarchical structure and how Van Laere projected its company image both internally and externally. The pictures also chart the development of an organizational culture and a body of values and norms that in turn shaped the company identity. The company management, the internal organization and the social and local network in which the firms were embedded, consequently had a considerable effect on the position they occupied as individual players in building practice. The main finding from these two analyses is that these post-war construction players were highly diverse. A critical and biographical sketch in terms of acti

在一些专注于(历史)建筑实践的学术学科中，对建筑承包商及其雇员的兴趣越来越大。他们的贡献和影响日益成为研究的主题。第二次世界大战后，承包商的工作领域被生产力、专业化和工业化所界定，这深刻地改变了这一行业分支的专业特征。社会发展和包罗万象的福利国家的流行观念，在这个传统上高度周期性的部门引发了自上而下和自下而上的变化。这促进了缔约世界的多样性，然而这些不同的形象和身份在今天往往仍未得到承认。与建筑师不同的是，承包商及其雇员留下的原始材料通常信息较少，而且往往是碎片化的。本文试图通过分析公司照片来展示替代来源材料的潜力，以便更好地了解两个战后比利时承包商的个人资料和身份。在他们的存在期间，Van Coillie of Oostende(1919-1976)和Van Laere of Kruibeke(1938-1989)收集了大量的照片，这些照片最近由Flanders Architecture Institute (VAi)提供。这篇文章的重点是在20世纪60年代和70年代描绘两家公司总部的一系列照片上。这些公司的办公场所和建筑是企业的核心，采用了实用主义或战略设计来反映他们的形象和身份。为了将这些公司置于其特定的历史背景中，我们将所选照片与从对前雇员的一系列深入访谈中收集到的信息进行比较。分析分为两部分，第一部分主要分析场地、公司架构和植入。这揭示了有关承包商的规模和组织的信息，以及他们的公司战略和专业概况。例如，他们利用这些元素在建筑领域建立了强大的地位，从而巩固了他们的声誉。第二部分分析了1961年Van Laere总部的一些内部设计。详细的视觉检查揭示了这些空间如何反映内部组织和层次结构，以及Van Laere如何在内部和外部投射其公司形象。这些图片还描绘了组织文化的发展，以及一系列价值观和规范，这些价值观和规范反过来塑造了公司的形象。因此，公司管理、内部组织以及公司所处的社会和地方网络对他们作为建筑实践中的个体参与者所占据的地位产生了相当大的影响。这两项分析的主要发现是，这些战后建筑参与者是高度多样化的。因此，在活动、概况和身份方面进行批判性和传记性的概述是详细分析他们在国家和国际战后建筑实践中的地位和作用的必要起点。这篇文章表明，在绘制这样一幅素描时，丰富的摄影材料可以是什么。

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引用次数: 0

J.B. van Loghem J.B. 范洛赫姆

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Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.3.795

Martijn Van Beek

Bespreking van een boek van Rudolphine Eggink

鲁道夫·埃金克的书的评论

引用次数: 0

Royal bedchambers in the Republic 共和国的皇家卧室

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Bulletin KNOB

Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.48003/knob.122.2023.3.792

Miara Fraikin

This article takes a fresh look at the royal bedchambers of Stadholder-King William III (1650-1702) in his residences in the Republic. By placing their spatial and functional development in a Dutch-English perspective, it arrives at a new interpretation of these bedchambers. Until 1689, the stadholder residences were predominantly characterized by the French arrangement of antechamber, bedchamber, cabinet and wardrobe. The bedchamber, the only room that contained a bed, was probably also used to receive guests. New analysis of the surviving inventories makes clear that the Stadholder-King’s apartments at Het Loo, Huis te Dieren and Breda Castle contained not one but two bedchambers. In all three cases the second bedchamber dated from the renovations carried out in the wake the Glorious Revolution of 1689, which saw Willem III crowned king of England, Scotland and Ireland. The comparative research that underpins this article shows how, in contrast to the Dutch Republic, where most stadholder apartments had just one bedchamber, English royal apartments after the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 consistently featured two bedchambers. Examples include Whitehall, Winchester and Windsor. Charles II (1660-1685) introduced the French custom of the ‘great bedchamber’ for ceremonial and representational purposes. Charles also laid down the ceremonial use of the bedchamber in dedicated bedchamber court decrees. When Willem III became king of England, he tailored his own court decrees to this ceremonial usage. He also emulated his uncle Charles’s architectural arrangement, by creating a great and a little bedchamber in his royal apartments at Hampton Court and Kensington Palaces. The substantial similarities in spatial organization between Breda Castle and Windsor Castle indicate a shared English royal layout. Following the example of Charles II of England, ‘Sijn Majt’ [His Majesty’s] bedchamber’ in Breda functioned as the ceremonial bedchamber of the Stadholder-King. In the palaces of Huis te Dieren and Het Loo the rooms of the English royal apartment could not be replicated one-on-one. In the inventory for Het Loo, the differentiation between ‘bedcamer’ and ‘slaepcamer’ does however suggest a division between a ceremonial bedchamber and a private bedchamber for sleeping. This article consequently argues that in introducing two bedchambers, Stadholder-King Willem III was modelling himself on his English predecessor Charles II. Although originally based on the ceremonial use of the bedchamber at the French court, when Willem introduced two bedchambers at Breda Castle, Huis te Dieren and Het Loo, he was presenting himself as king of England.

这篇文章重新审视了威廉三世国王(1650-1702)在共和国住宅中的皇家卧室。通过将它们的空间和功能发展置于荷兰-英国的视角，它达到了对这些卧室的新解释。直到1689年，领主住宅的主要特点是法国式的前厅，卧室，橱柜和衣柜。卧室是唯一有床的房间，可能也是用来接待客人的。对现存存货的最新分析表明，在赫特卢、Huis the Dieren和布雷达城堡，斯德霍尔德-国王的公寓不是一间卧室，而是两间卧室。在这三个案例中，第二间卧室都是在1689年光荣革命之后进行的翻新，威廉三世在这场革命中加冕为英格兰、苏格兰和爱尔兰的国王。本文所依据的比较研究表明，在荷兰共和国，大多数王室公寓只有一间卧室，而在1660年君主制恢复后，英国王室公寓一直以两间卧室为特色。例如白厅、温彻斯特和温莎。查理二世(1660-1685)引入了法国的“大卧室”习俗，用于仪式和代表性的目的。查尔斯还在专门的寝宫法令中规定了寝宫的礼仪用途。当威廉三世成为英格兰国王时，他为这种仪式的使用量身定制了自己的宫廷法令。他还模仿他叔叔查尔斯的建筑布局，在汉普顿宫和肯辛顿宫的皇家公寓里建造了一间大卧室和一间小卧室。布雷达城堡和温莎城堡在空间组织上的巨大相似性表明了英国皇室的共同布局。以英格兰的查理二世为例，布雷达的“国王陛下的寝宫”作为国王的礼仪寝宫。在Huis the Dieren和Het Loo的宫殿里，英国王室公寓的房间无法一对一地复制。在heet Loo的清单中，“床上相机”和“睡眠相机”之间的区别确实表明了仪式卧室和私人卧室之间的区分。因此，这篇文章认为，在引入两间卧室时，国王威廉三世是在模仿他的英国前任查理二世。虽然最初是基于法国宫廷的仪式用途，但当威廉在布雷达城堡引进两间卧室，Huis te Dieren和Het Loo时，他是在以英格兰国王的身份展示自己。

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