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Media Culture of a Globalised World: Evolution of Language Technologies 全球化世界的媒介文化:语言技术的演变
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-12-29 DOI: 10.15826/CSP.2020.4.4.109
N. Kirillova
As a world civilisational phenomenon occurring at the turn of the 20 th –21 st centuries, globalism has affected not only politics and economics, but also culture. Moreover, due to the expanding system of media communications and increasing mobility of images and symbols of the information age, which has profoundly affected methods of thinking and system of science and education, the globalisation of the world socio-cultural space can be seen as reflecting many aspects of the current “spirit of the time”. For this reason, various discussions currently taking place in the humanities are related to the nature and consequences of cultural globalisation including the sphere of language technologies, which influences the dialogue of cultures in the globalised world. On 24 th –25 th April 2020, the online International Conference “Dialogue of Cultures in the Age of Globalization and Digitalization” took place. The Conference was organised by the Chair of Cultural Studies and Socio-Cultural Activity of the Ural Federal University along with the Ural Branch of the Scientific-Educational Society of Cultural Studies of Russia. Papers in the current issue of Changing Societies & Personalities are devoted to the main theme of the conference, including the language of culture. It was Martin Heidegger who put forward the idea that language is the “house of being” of humanity (Heidegger, 1927/1993, p. 220). In this regard, the methods of language formation, its evolution, main trends and development are the subject of research interest, which also includes the language of media culture as an information-age phenomenon that affects the process of globalisation. An important factor of contemporary media culture is how representations of reality in the context of globalisation and digitalisation increasingly affect public consciousness and the process of socialisation on individual level. Whether for realising one’s creative abilities or learning the “other”, contemporary communication technologies (digital cinema, television and photo, multimedia systems, computer-related art, social networks and mobile communications)
作为20 -21世纪之交出现的一种世界文明现象,全球主义不仅影响了政治和经济,也影响了文化。此外,由于信息时代媒体传播系统的扩大和图像和符号的流动性的增加,深刻影响了科学和教育的思维方法和系统,世界社会文化空间的全球化可以被看作是当前“时代精神”的许多方面的反映。因此,目前在人文学科中进行的各种讨论都与文化全球化的性质和后果有关,包括影响全球化世界中文化对话的语言技术领域。2020年4月24日至25日,“全球化和数字化时代的文化对话”在线国际会议举行。会议由乌拉尔联邦大学文化研究和社会文化活动主席与俄罗斯文化研究科学教育学会乌拉尔分会共同组织。本期《变化的社会与个性》的论文专门讨论了会议的主题,包括文化语言。提出语言是人类“存在之家”的是马丁·海德格尔(Heidegger, 1927/1993, p. 220)。在这方面,语言的形成方法,演变,主要趋势和发展是研究兴趣的主题,其中还包括媒体文化语言作为影响全球化进程的信息时代现象。当代媒体文化的一个重要因素是全球化和数字化背景下的现实表现如何日益影响公众意识和个人层面的社会化过程。无论是为了实现自己的创造能力,还是为了学习“他者”,当代通信技术(数字电影、电视和照片、多媒体系统、计算机相关艺术、社交网络和移动通信)
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引用次数: 5
Irony as a Political Demarcation Tool of the New Russian Nationalists 反讽作为新俄国民族主义者的政治划分工具
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-10-09 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2020.4.3.103
A. Mitrofanova
The article discusses how and why the new nationalists, who call for political self-determination of Russians but share some ideological concepts with liberals, use stiob - a form of ironic parody based on overidentification and decontextualisation, resulting in destruction of the authoritative discourse. Their entertaining, or educational-cum-entertaining projects, located in the gray area between politics and counterculture, strive to undermine domineering political discourses (liberal, neo-Soviet, leftist, official patriotic, and old nationalist) and to go beyond the left-right dichotomy. The author concludes that the main function of stiob and other forms of irony for the new nationalists is negative identification. Ambivalence of the language of stiob simultaneously attracts the target audience of nationalists (“those in the know”) and does not prevent solidarizing with any political platform when needed. The article is based on qualitative analysis of narratives produced by nationalist social media influencers, including fiction, essays, talks, lectures, interviews, live broadcasts, posts in blogs, social networks and messengers.
这篇文章讨论了新民族主义者如何以及为什么使用stiob——一种基于过度认同和去文本化的讽刺模仿形式,导致权威话语的破坏。他们呼吁俄罗斯人的政治自决,但与自由主义者有一些意识形态概念。他们的娱乐项目,或教育兼娱乐项目,位于政治和反主流文化之间的灰色地带,试图破坏专横的政治话语(自由主义、新苏联、左派、官方爱国主义和旧民族主义),并超越左右二分法。文章认为,对新民族主义者来说,讽刺语和其他形式的反讽的主要作用是否定认同。stiob语言的歧义性同时吸引了民族主义者(“知情者”)的目标受众,但并不妨碍在需要时与任何政治平台团结一致。这篇文章基于对民族主义社交媒体影响者的叙述的定性分析,包括小说、散文、演讲、讲座、采访、直播、博客、社交网络和信使中的帖子。
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引用次数: 1
Perceived Personal Attractiveness and Self-Improvement Practices 感知个人吸引力和自我提升实践
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2020.4.1.091
N. Antonova, A. Merenkov
The article discusses the results of a sociological survey of personal attractiveness perceptions and self-improvement practices (exercise, dieting, plastic surgery, learning, etc.) in Yekaterinburg (Russia). The purpose of the research is to identify ageand genderrelated similarities and differences in the perceptions of attractive appearance and personality traits among Russians. The survey was conducted in 2019 and covered 680 people of both sexes and different age groups. It also included 33 in-depth interviews with respondents from different age groups. The survey results have shown that people resort to various practices for enhancing their physical shape and personality in accordance with established stereotypes of outer and inner beauty. Younger generations of Russians continue to reproduce gender asymmetry in their ideas of feminine and male beauty. The research has also brought to light a new system of gender inequality: women appear to be much more active in their pursuit of a healthy body and personality growth than men. Inhabitants of Yekaterinburg most frequently resort to such self-improvement practices as exercise and healthy eating. People in all age groups gave lower ratings to such qualities as stamina and productivity at work, which shows their lack of awareness of the role these attributes play in acquiring new knowledge and skills in the digital age. 92 Natalya L. Antonova, Anatoly V. Merenkov
这篇文章讨论了叶卡捷琳堡(俄罗斯)的一项关于个人吸引力感知和自我提升实践(运动、节食、整形手术、学习等)的社会学调查结果。这项研究的目的是确定年龄和性别相关的俄罗斯人对有吸引力的外表和个性特征的看法的异同。该调查于2019年进行,涵盖了680名男女和不同年龄段的人。它还包括33个对不同年龄段受访者的深度访谈。调查结果表明,人们根据既定的外在美和内在美刻板印象,采取各种方法来增强自己的体型和个性。年轻一代的俄罗斯人对女性和男性美的观念继续呈现性别不对称。这项研究还揭示了一个新的性别不平等体系:在追求健康的身体和个性成长方面,女性似乎比男性积极得多。叶卡捷琳堡的居民最常采取的是锻炼和健康饮食等自我提高的做法。所有年龄段的人对耐力和工作效率等品质的评分都较低,这表明他们缺乏对这些品质在数字时代获取新知识和技能方面所起作用的认识。[2]刘建军,刘建军
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引用次数: 5
The Role of Intergenerational Differentiation in Perception of Employee Engagement and Job Satisfaction among Older and Younger Employees in Slovenia 代际差异在斯洛文尼亚年长和年轻员工的员工敬业度和工作满意度感知中的作用
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2020.4.1.090
J. Jelenko
With the ageing population in the developed world, age diversity in the workforce in organizations is growing. Consequently, perception of the work environment, job satisfaction and engagement are influenced by differences in age as well as a corresponding diverse set of values and often manifested through age discrimination. Using an age-diverse national sample (n = 1505) of older (n = 750) and younger (n = 755) workers in Slovenia, this study investigates the understudied influence of intergenerational differentiation (age discrimination) on job satisfaction and employee engagement between two age cohorts. Three different instruments were used: Intergenerational Differentiation in the Workplace Measure (IDWM) , Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JSQ) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) . The main goal of the study was to (through structural equation modelling) find out if and how the perception of intergenerational differentiation in the workplace affects job satisfaction and employee engagement between young and old employees. The constructed structural model shows that independent of the age group, intergenerational differences have a direct negative effect on job satisfaction and an indirect negative effect on employee engagement. It was also found that perceived age discrimination has both a greater direct effect on job satisfaction among older employees and a greater indirect effect on older employees’ engagement than on younger employees’ job satisfaction and engagement. Thus, by age discrimination effects on job satisfaction and employee engagement across the two most prominent age groups, older and younger, which will play a deciding role in the broader socio-economic context via the future job market, providing higher economic growth, a sustainable healthcare and retirement system, etc. While the groups differ in examining the organizational level the study implicitly identifies that these intergenerational differences in age related values and value changes exist not only in the organization but spread through society.
随着发达国家人口的老龄化,组织中劳动力的年龄多样性正在增长。因此,对工作环境、工作满意度和敬业度的看法受到年龄差异以及相应的不同价值观的影响,并经常通过年龄歧视表现出来。本研究使用斯洛文尼亚年龄不同的国家样本(n = 1505),其中年龄较大(n = 750)和较年轻(n = 755)的工人,调查了两代人之间代际差异(年龄歧视)对工作满意度和员工敬业度的影响。使用了三种不同的工具:工作场所代际差异量表(IDWM)、工作满意度问卷(JSQ)和乌得勒支工作投入量表(UWES-9)。该研究的主要目标是(通过结构方程模型)找出工作场所代际差异的感知是否以及如何影响年轻员工和老员工之间的工作满意度和员工敬业度。构建的结构模型表明,代际差异对工作满意度有直接的负向影响,对员工敬业度有间接的负向影响。研究还发现,年龄歧视对年长员工工作满意度的直接影响大于对年轻员工工作满意度和敬业度的间接影响。因此,年龄歧视对工作满意度和员工敬业度的影响跨越两个最突出的年龄组,老年人和年轻人,这将通过未来的就业市场在更广泛的社会经济背景下发挥决定性作用,提供更高的经济增长,可持续的医疗保健和退休制度等。虽然两组在组织层面的研究存在差异,但研究隐含地表明,这些与年龄相关的价值观和价值观变化的代际差异不仅存在于组织中,而且在整个社会中传播。
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引用次数: 3
Review of International Research on Ethical and Psychological Barriers to Reproductive Donation 生殖捐赠的伦理和心理障碍国际研究综述
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2020.4.2.098
E. Symaniuk, I. Polyakova, E. Kvashnina
This review examines the international research literature discussing the barriers for those considering the possibility of becoming donating sperm, eggs, or embryos or becoming surrogate mothers. While there is a significant body of research on donors’ motivations, less attention is given to the reasons why potential donors decide not to donate or withdraw from donation procedures. Nevertheless, we have collected about 70 studies, including journal articles, book chapters and reports. Contemporary findings show that as much as there is no single motivation for reproductive donation, there is also no single barrier to it. The studies we considered deal with two salient themes. First, barriers to reproductive donation serve as a space for negotiation of a donor’s beliefs, fears and perceived consequences of donation to themselves, the recipients and resulting offspring. Second, these barriers are a complex web of intersecting factors, influenced by secondary factors. This review reveals the limited nature of our current knowledge of barriers to reproductive donation. Indeed, research on this problem needs to catch up with research on motivation because obstacles to reproductive donation are no less important than the stimuli.
本综述回顾了国际研究文献,讨论了那些考虑捐献精子、卵子或胚胎或成为代孕母亲的可能性的障碍。虽然有大量关于捐赠者动机的研究,但对潜在捐赠者决定不捐赠或退出捐赠程序的原因关注较少。然而,我们收集了大约70项研究,包括期刊文章、书籍章节和报告。当代的研究结果表明,生殖捐赠没有单一的动机,也没有单一的障碍。我们考虑的研究涉及两个突出的主题。首先,生殖捐赠的障碍为捐赠者提供了一个谈判的空间,可以就捐赠对自己、接受者和由此产生的后代的信仰、恐惧和预期后果进行谈判。其次,这些障碍是由相互交叉的因素组成的复杂网络,受次要因素的影响。这篇综述揭示了我们目前对生殖捐赠障碍的知识的有限性。事实上,对这一问题的研究需要赶上对动机的研究,因为生殖捐赠障碍的重要性不亚于刺激因素。
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引用次数: 0
Fourth Industrial Revolution and Emotional Intelligence: A Conceptual and Scientometric Analysis 第四次工业革命与情商:概念与科学计量学分析
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2020.4.1.087
Riccardo Campa
A growing number of social scientists argue that we stand on the brink of a technological revolution that will drastically change the way we live, learn, and work. One of the terms adopted to name this social phenomenon is “fourth industrial revolution”. Other social scientists, in particular psychologists, have independently elaborated and discussed a concept of intelligence which is complementary, and sometimes alternative, to that measured by traditional IQ tests, namely “emotional intelligence”. In recent years, these two concepts came into contact and started interacting in scientific literature. Enhancing EI in educational programs has been seen as a possible way to prevent a predicted negative side effect of the fourth industrial revolution, namely technological unemployment. This article provides a diachronic scientometric analysis of terms and concepts. Quantitative and qualitative research tools are applied in order to reconstruct the dynamics of the Emergence, Frequency, Proximity, and Relation (EFPR dynamics) of the two concepts in the scientific literature.
越来越多的社会科学家认为,我们正站在一场技术革命的边缘,这场革命将彻底改变我们的生活、学习和工作方式。用来命名这种社会现象的术语之一是“第四次工业革命”。其他社会科学家,特别是心理学家,已经独立地阐述和讨论了一个智力概念,它是传统智商测试测量的补充,有时是替代,即“情绪智力”。近年来,这两个概念在科学文献中接触并开始相互作用。人们认为,提高教育项目的EI水平,可以防止第四次产业革命的负面效应,即技术性失业。本文对术语和概念进行了历时性的科学计量学分析。为了重建科学文献中这两个概念的出现、频率、接近和关系(EFPR动力学)的动态,应用了定量和定性研究工具。
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引用次数: 8
Flesh of the Unborn: On the Political Philosophy of the Unborn 未出生的肉体:论未出生的政治哲学
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15826/csp.2020.4.1.089
Aireen Grace T. Andal
This work situates the unborn1 within the wider discussions in political philosophy. Much existing work on the unborn’s relevance to theoretical discussions focuses on personhood, moral status and pregnant bodies. However, this work argues that the embryonic or fetal body is the crux of political philosophy’s interest in the unborn. There is less work on whether or not to protect the unborn by virtue of having a body, yet it is important because the embryonic or fetal body complicates the boundaries of the unborn’s membership to humanity. This work unpacks the relevance of political philosophy in furthering the discussions on the body of the embryo or fetus. The unborn’s membership to humanity is inescapably embodied because it is with and through a body that the unborn gains access the human world and touches discussions on moral status, personhood, identity and rights. Three cases are provided to substantiate these discussions: moral status, birth restrictions and gene editing, all of which are related to how the embryonic or fetal body becomes a contested space for membership to humanity. This work concludes that the political philosophy of the unborn contributes to both academic scholarship and political life by problematizing what virtues ought to govern laws and policies on the unborn. Discussions imply that the connection between the contested embryonic or fetal body and political philosophy gathers a variety of deep and important questions, which justifies an intellectual and practical pursuit.
这项工作将未出生的人置于政治哲学更广泛的讨论中。许多关于未出生的相关理论讨论的现有工作集中在人格,道德地位和怀孕的身体。然而,这项工作认为胚胎或胎儿身体是政治哲学对未出生者的兴趣的关键。关于是否通过拥有身体来保护未出生的人的工作较少,但这很重要,因为胚胎或胎儿身体使未出生的人成为人类成员的界限变得复杂。这项工作揭示了政治哲学在进一步讨论胚胎或胎儿身体方面的相关性。未出生的人作为人类的一员是不可避免地体现出来的,因为只有通过身体,未出生的人才能进入人类世界,并接触到关于道德地位、人格、身份和权利的讨论。提供了三个案例来证实这些讨论:道德地位,生育限制和基因编辑,所有这些都与胚胎或胎儿身体如何成为人类成员的争议空间有关。这项工作的结论是,未出生的政治哲学对学术研究和政治生活都有贡献,因为它提出了什么样的美德应该支配未出生的法律和政策。讨论暗示,有争议的胚胎或胎儿身体与政治哲学之间的联系汇集了各种深刻而重要的问题,这证明了智力和实践的追求是合理的。
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引用次数: 0
Power of Memory (In Commemoration of Elie Wiesel, 1928–2016) 记忆的力量(纪念埃利·威塞尔,1928-2016)
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.15826/CSP.2019.3.2.064
Olga Potap
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引用次数: 1
Which Employees are Most Motivated to Share Knowledge – the Role of Age-Based Differentiation in Knowledge-Sharing Motivation 哪些员工最有动机分享知识——基于年龄的差异在知识分享动机中的作用
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.15826/CSP.2019.3.1.060
Neža Prelog, F. Ismagilova, E. Boštjančič
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引用次数: 4
Kelly, Mark G. E. (2018). For Foucault: Against Normative Political Theory. Albany: SUNY Press 马克·g·e·凯利(2018)。对福柯来说:反对规范政治理论。奥尔巴尼:纽约州立大学出版社
IF 0.5 Q4 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.15826/CSP.2019.3.1.062
D. Kokin
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Changing Societies & Personalities
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