A widely distributed religious legend maintains that Ezra the scribe rewrote the Hebrew Bible sometime during the post-exilic period. The story is interpreted differently among its varying iterations. Some accounts view Ezra’s recovery of the Scriptures as an act of divine wonder while other versions insist that Ezra’s hand distorted the biblical text. Both outlooks are present in medieval Islamic writings. This article considers the polemical approach of three Muslim authors (e.g., al-Ṭabarī, al-Thaʿlabī, and Ibn Ḥazm) and their portraits of Ezra, including his role that led to a purported compromise of Jewish monotheism. The article explores Ibn Ḥazm’s claim that Ezra the scribe corrupted the biblical text. Several sources are examined (e.g., 4 Ezra, Porphyry, Justin Martyr, a Samaritan liturgical imprecation, and diverse rabbinic traditions) as plausible support for the charge that Ezra corrupted the Scriptures. A tale from Avot d’Rabbi Natan that features Ezra’s alleged scribal dots is posited as a reasonable source for the comment. Given Ibn Ḥazm’s interpretive outlook and Ezra’s prominent role in the story, the dots offer a new and sensible explanation.
一个广为流传的宗教传说认为，抄写员以斯拉在被流放后的某个时候重写了希伯来圣经。这个故事在不同的版本中有不同的解释。一些说法认为以斯拉恢复圣经是一个神圣的奇迹，而其他版本坚持认为以斯拉的手扭曲了圣经文本。这两种观点都出现在中世纪的伊斯兰著作中。这篇文章考虑了三位穆斯林作家(例如，al-Ṭabarī， al- tha - labi，和Ibn Ḥazm)的论战方法，以及他们对以斯拉的描绘，包括他所扮演的角色，导致了犹太人对一神论的妥协。这篇文章探讨了伊本Ḥazm关于文士以斯拉篡改圣经文本的说法。研究了几个来源(例如，以斯拉，波菲利，殉道者犹斯丁，撒玛利亚人的礼仪祈祷，以及各种拉比传统)作为对以斯拉破坏圣经的指控的合理支持。Avot d 'Rabbi Natan的一个故事以以斯拉所谓的抄写点为特色，被认为是评论的合理来源。考虑到伊本Ḥazm的解释观点和以斯拉在故事中的突出作用，这些点提供了一个新的、合理的解释。
{"title":"The Forging of a Tradition: The Hebrew Bible, Ezra the Scribe, and the Corruption of Jewish Monotheism According to the Writings of al-Ṭabarī, al-Thaʿlabī, and Ibn Ḥazm","authors":"S. Donnelly","doi":"10.31743/biban.14511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.14511","url":null,"abstract":"A widely distributed religious legend maintains that Ezra the scribe rewrote the Hebrew Bible sometime during the post-exilic period. The story is interpreted differently among its varying iterations. Some accounts view Ezra’s recovery of the Scriptures as an act of divine wonder while other versions insist that Ezra’s hand distorted the biblical text. Both outlooks are present in medieval Islamic writings. This article considers the polemical approach of three Muslim authors (e.g., al-Ṭabarī, al-Thaʿlabī, and Ibn Ḥazm) and their portraits of Ezra, including his role that led to a purported compromise of Jewish monotheism. The article explores Ibn Ḥazm’s claim that Ezra the scribe corrupted the biblical text. Several sources are examined (e.g., 4 Ezra, Porphyry, Justin Martyr, a Samaritan liturgical imprecation, and diverse rabbinic traditions) as plausible support for the charge that Ezra corrupted the Scriptures. A tale from Avot d’Rabbi Natan that features Ezra’s alleged scribal dots is posited as a reasonable source for the comment. Given Ibn Ḥazm’s interpretive outlook and Ezra’s prominent role in the story, the dots offer a new and sensible explanation.","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42963692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the figure of Joseph and his place in the narrative by the first evangelist in Matt 1–2. Apart from the arguments for the unifying function of Mary’s spouse in the whole Infancy Narrative, the most important features of Joseph highlighted by Matthew are emphasised. Those include the attitude of the righteous man, the fact of belonging to the royal family of King David, the bond and similarity to the actions of the patriarchs, as well as the silent and ascetic nature of the spouse and parent. Despite many similarities to the Lukan narrative, the first evangelist stresses different aspects in his characterisation of Joseph. Using the tools proposed by Cornelis Bennema, the author of the paper also assesses the degree of characterisation of the person under study, his role in the narrative and his representative value for the modern reader.
{"title":"The Characterisation of Joseph by Matthew (Matt 1–2; 13:55)","authors":"Krzysztof Mielcarek","doi":"10.31743/biban.14569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.14569","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the figure of Joseph and his place in the narrative by the first evangelist in Matt 1–2. Apart from the arguments for the unifying function of Mary’s spouse in the whole Infancy Narrative, the most important features of Joseph highlighted by Matthew are emphasised. Those include the attitude of the righteous man, the fact of belonging to the royal family of King David, the bond and similarity to the actions of the patriarchs, as well as the silent and ascetic nature of the spouse and parent. Despite many similarities to the Lukan narrative, the first evangelist stresses different aspects in his characterisation of Joseph. Using the tools proposed by Cornelis Bennema, the author of the paper also assesses the degree of characterisation of the person under study, his role in the narrative and his representative value for the modern reader.","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45645394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Book Review: Christoph Heilig, The Apostle and the Empire. Paul’s Implicit and Explicit Criticism of Rome (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans 2022). Pp. 192 + xxii. ISBN 978-0-8028-8223-3
{"title":"Christoph Heilig, The Apostle and the Empire. Paul’s Implicit and Explicit Criticism of Rome (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans 2022)","authors":"M. Kowalski","doi":"10.31743/biban.15968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.15968","url":null,"abstract":"Book Review: Christoph Heilig, The Apostle and the Empire. Paul’s Implicit and Explicit Criticism of Rome (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans 2022). Pp. 192 + xxii. ISBN 978-0-8028-8223-3","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46470398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie przedstawienie pięciu obrazów (Iz 56,1-8; 56,9-12; 57,1-2; 57,3-13; 57,14-21), ilustrujących sytuację społeczeństwa Yehud i jej elity w przeddzień reform Nehemiasza. On sam przedstawiony jako cudzoziemiec/eunuch, nieufny i unikający oskarżeń o naruszenie Prawa Mojżeszowego, zostaje pozytywnie przyjęty i uwiarygodniony przez środowisko prorockie Trito-Izajasza. Jednocześnie zostaje przedstawiony obraz wyjątkowo trudnej sytuacji, w której Nehemiaszowi przyszło działać. I choć na podstawie Iz 56-57 trudno powiedzieć, czy cała wspólnota Yehud jest skorumpowana, to jednak duża jej część uległa znieczulicy moralnej, duchowemu otępieniu, pijaństwu, prostytucji i bałwochwalczym praktykom (składanie dzieci w ofiarach, nierząd sakralny, kult Molocha). Jednak pośród ogromu zła — już od pierwszych wersetów Iz 56 — rozbłyska wielkie światło nadziei: powołanie eunucha/cudzoziemca, próba przełamania jego nieufności i uwiarygodnienie misji, która zostanie jasno ukazana w Iz 58, są początkiem reformatorskiego nurtu, popieranego przez środowisko prorockie Trito-Izajasza. Ponadto artykuł zwraca uwagę na użycie w Iz 56-57 stylu variatio, wymagającego od czytelnika podjęcia trudu intelektualnej refleksji, by przedstawione obrazy połączyć w jeden spójny obraz, uzupełniając szereg niedomówień i elips.
{"title":"„Sprawiedliwy ginie, a nikt się tym nie przejmuje” (Iz 57,1a) – obraz judejskiej elity w inwektywach Trito-Izajasza (Iz 56–57). Kryzys przywództwa w prowincji Jehud w połowie V wieku przed Chr.","authors":"A. Zawadzki","doi":"10.31743/biban.16162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.16162","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie przedstawienie pięciu obrazów (Iz 56,1-8; 56,9-12; 57,1-2; 57,3-13; 57,14-21), ilustrujących sytuację społeczeństwa Yehud i jej elity w przeddzień reform Nehemiasza. On sam przedstawiony jako cudzoziemiec/eunuch, nieufny i unikający oskarżeń o naruszenie Prawa Mojżeszowego, zostaje pozytywnie przyjęty i uwiarygodniony przez środowisko prorockie Trito-Izajasza. Jednocześnie zostaje przedstawiony obraz wyjątkowo trudnej sytuacji, w której Nehemiaszowi przyszło działać. I choć na podstawie Iz 56-57 trudno powiedzieć, czy cała wspólnota Yehud jest skorumpowana, to jednak duża jej część uległa znieczulicy moralnej, duchowemu otępieniu, pijaństwu, prostytucji i bałwochwalczym praktykom (składanie dzieci w ofiarach, nierząd sakralny, kult Molocha). Jednak pośród ogromu zła — już od pierwszych wersetów Iz 56 — rozbłyska wielkie światło nadziei: powołanie eunucha/cudzoziemca, próba przełamania jego nieufności i uwiarygodnienie misji, która zostanie jasno ukazana w Iz 58, są początkiem reformatorskiego nurtu, popieranego przez środowisko prorockie Trito-Izajasza. Ponadto artykuł zwraca uwagę na użycie w Iz 56-57 stylu variatio, wymagającego od czytelnika podjęcia trudu intelektualnej refleksji, by przedstawione obrazy połączyć w jeden spójny obraz, uzupełniając szereg niedomówień i elips. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42705267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Działalność Sekcji Nauk Biblijnych Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego Jana Pawła II w roku akademickim 2021/2022","authors":"T. Bąk","doi":"10.31743/biban.15906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.15906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41971098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The theme of the “stranger” in the Bible will be approached from the point of view of the relationship between an indigenous group and the “otherness” represented by those who sojourn in a foreign land. The words that the Hebrew language uses for “stranger” testifies to a nuanced perception of this overall category and also a nuanced attitude toward different kinds of “strangers.” The methodology applied is the Social Identity Approach, that focuses on intergroup relationship, and, the concept of Proximate Other. Among the “others,” the biblical Laws’ corpora give particular attention to gēr. The gēr is “other,” but he/she dwells within the Israelite in-group and shares with it his/her everyday life. Nine rules add a motive clause which refers to the experiential background of Jacob’s clan in Egypt. Four of these motive clauses refer to Israelites as gērim and come at the end of rules about only the gēr in Israel’s land. The theological background is expressed in Lev 25:23, which uses the word gērim for the relationship between God and his people. The proposal of the Bible is to bring near the “stranger,” so that the “stranger” is not more an “extraneous.”
{"title":"Straniero ma non estraneo. Lo sfondo esperienziale e teologico della relazione con l’altro","authors":"Daniela De Panfilis","doi":"10.31743/biban.15074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.15074","url":null,"abstract":"The theme of the “stranger” in the Bible will be approached from the point of view of the relationship between an indigenous group and the “otherness” represented by those who sojourn in a foreign land. The words that the Hebrew language uses for “stranger” testifies to a nuanced perception of this overall category and also a nuanced attitude toward different kinds of “strangers.” The methodology applied is the Social Identity Approach, that focuses on intergroup relationship, and, the concept of Proximate Other. Among the “others,” the biblical Laws’ corpora give particular attention to gēr. The gēr is “other,” but he/she dwells within the Israelite in-group and shares with it his/her everyday life. Nine rules add a motive clause which refers to the experiential background of Jacob’s clan in Egypt. Four of these motive clauses refer to Israelites as gērim and come at the end of rules about only the gēr in Israel’s land. The theological background is expressed in Lev 25:23, which uses the word gērim for the relationship between God and his people. The proposal of the Bible is to bring near the “stranger,” so that the “stranger” is not more an “extraneous.”","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45286329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the discussed verse 1 Macc 3:21, there are two main motivations for the struggle of Judah Maccabee and his compatriots against the Seleucid army of Antiochus IV Epiphanes. The text combines the struggle for the physical existence of Jews with the defence of native customs established on the foundations of the Mosaic Law. There is a clear indissolubility of life and faith in the Jewish consciousness. One cannot survive without one’s own religious tradition, which is the basis of national identity. This article aims to explore the meaning of the Greek adjective νόμιμος, -η, -ον, appearing in the analysed verse of the the book, as substantive (τὸ) νόμιμον, "custom" especially in the plural τὰ νόμιμα, "customs, usages, norms". This term will be presented from a theological and historical perspective in search of an answer to the question about its content and implied meaning in the speech of Judah to his countrymen before the beginning of the battle of Beth-Choron. This content will be both the justification of the struggle undertaken and its importance in the history of Israel in the middle of the 2nd century BC.
在马可福音第1章第3章21节中，犹大·马加比和他的同胞们对抗安条克四世·伊皮法尼的塞琉古军队有两个主要动机。文本结合了犹太人物质生存的斗争和对建立在摩西律法基础上的本土习俗的捍卫。在犹太人的意识中，生命和信仰显然是不可分割的。一个人不能没有自己的宗教传统而生存，这是国家认同的基础。本文旨在探讨希腊语形容词ν ο μιμος， -η， -ον出现在本书分析的诗句中，作为实质性(τ ο) ν ο μιμον，“习俗”，特别是复数τ ον μιμα，“习俗，用法，规范”的意义。这个术语将从神学和历史的角度提出，以寻找关于其内容和隐含意义的问题的答案，在犹大对他的同胞的讲话之前，伯歌伦战役开始。这一内容将是对所进行的斗争的辩护，以及它在公元前2世纪中叶以色列历史上的重要性。
{"title":"What Are the Maccabean Insurgents Fighting For? The Theological Meaning of νομίμων in 1 Macc 3:21","authors":"Janusz Nawrot","doi":"10.31743/biban.13935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.13935","url":null,"abstract":"In the discussed verse 1 Macc 3:21, there are two main motivations for the struggle of Judah Maccabee and his compatriots against the Seleucid army of Antiochus IV Epiphanes. The text combines the struggle for the physical existence of Jews with the defence of native customs established on the foundations of the Mosaic Law. There is a clear indissolubility of life and faith in the Jewish consciousness. One cannot survive without one’s own religious tradition, which is the basis of national identity. This article aims to explore the meaning of the Greek adjective νόμιμος, -η, -ον, appearing in the analysed verse of the the book, as substantive (τὸ) νόμιμον, \"custom\" especially in the plural τὰ νόμιμα, \"customs, usages, norms\". This term will be presented from a theological and historical perspective in search of an answer to the question about its content and implied meaning in the speech of Judah to his countrymen before the beginning of the battle of Beth-Choron. This content will be both the justification of the struggle undertaken and its importance in the history of Israel in the middle of the 2nd century BC.","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48204567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 11Q5 scroll is the longest and best-preserved manuscript containing psalms. In col. XXVII, it includes a hitherto unknown work, bearing the title “David’s Compositions.” Beginning with the critical edition, through various works devoted to the analysis of the composition from col. XXVII (2–11), the text is considered the only instance of prose in 11Q5. The main aim of the paper is to analyse the text of David’s Compositions in order to determine its literary form and structure. The paper is divided into several sections. The first section presents the Hebrew text with an English translation and a few remarks focused on the physical description of the text of David’s Compositions. The next one is a brief analysis of the internal context of the end of the Great Psalms Scroll, where the analysed text of David’s Compositions can be found. Finally, and most importantly, the Compositions were divided into verses and their literary form and structure was determined.
{"title":"The Division and Structure of “David’s Compositions” (11Q5)","authors":"M. Biegas","doi":"10.31743/biban.13825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.13825","url":null,"abstract":"The 11Q5 scroll is the longest and best-preserved manuscript containing psalms. In col. XXVII, it includes a hitherto unknown work, bearing the title “David’s Compositions.” Beginning with the critical edition, through various works devoted to the analysis of the composition from col. XXVII (2–11), the text is considered the only instance of prose in 11Q5. The main aim of the paper is to analyse the text of David’s Compositions in order to determine its literary form and structure. The paper is divided into several sections. The first section presents the Hebrew text with an English translation and a few remarks focused on the physical description of the text of David’s Compositions. The next one is a brief analysis of the internal context of the end of the Great Psalms Scroll, where the analysed text of David’s Compositions can be found. Finally, and most importantly, the Compositions were divided into verses and their literary form and structure was determined.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43525024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The following article constitutes a critical edition, translation and philological analysis of Isa 49–50 based on Coptic manuscript sa 52 and other available manuscripts in the Sahidic dialect. The first part outlines general information about the section of codex sa 52 (M 568) that contains the analysed text. This is followed by a list and brief overview of other manuscripts featuring at least some verses from Isa 49–50. The main part of the article focuses on the presentation of the Coptic text (in the Sahidic dialect) and its translation into English. The differences identified between the Sahidic text and the Greek Septuagint, on which the Coptic translation is based, are illustrated in a tabular form. It includes, for example, additions and omissions in the Coptic translation, lexical changes and semantic differences. The last part of the article aims to clarify more challenging philological issues observed either in the Coptic text itself or in its relation to the Greek text of the LXX.
{"title":"Critical Edition and Philological Analysis of Isa 49–50 based on Coptic Manuscript sa 52 (M 568) and Other Coptic Manuscripts in the Sahidic Dialect and the Greek Text of the Septuagint","authors":"T. Bąk","doi":"10.31743/biban.13804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.13804","url":null,"abstract":"The following article constitutes a critical edition, translation and philological analysis of Isa 49–50 based on Coptic manuscript sa 52 and other available manuscripts in the Sahidic dialect. The first part outlines general information about the section of codex sa 52 (M 568) that contains the analysed text. This is followed by a list and brief overview of other manuscripts featuring at least some verses from Isa 49–50. The main part of the article focuses on the presentation of the Coptic text (in the Sahidic dialect) and its translation into English. The differences identified between the Sahidic text and the Greek Septuagint, on which the Coptic translation is based, are illustrated in a tabular form. It includes, for example, additions and omissions in the Coptic translation, lexical changes and semantic differences. The last part of the article aims to clarify more challenging philological issues observed either in the Coptic text itself or in its relation to the Greek text of the LXX.","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47980561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Second Epistle of John is one of the least commented on New Testament writings, with the vast majority of existing commentaries being linear. The authors of this article attempted to take a structural view of this short book. After discussing the structures of the letter proposed by scholars (part one), they proposed their own structure of the book, thanks to which the main theological idea of the letter (2 John 9) (part two) could be determined, along with a hermeneutical principle allowing for new interpretative insights into the book as a whole (part three). This principle can be put into the words: “having the Father and the Son.”
{"title":"Having the Father and the Son – the Structure, Main Theological Idea and Hermeneutical Principle of the Second Epistle of John","authors":"K. Wojciechowska, Mariusz Rosik","doi":"10.31743/biban.13808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31743/biban.13808","url":null,"abstract":"The Second Epistle of John is one of the least commented on New Testament writings, with the vast majority of existing commentaries being linear. The authors of this article attempted to take a structural view of this short book. After discussing the structures of the letter proposed by scholars (part one), they proposed their own structure of the book, thanks to which the main theological idea of the letter (2 John 9) (part two) could be determined, along with a hermeneutical principle allowing for new interpretative insights into the book as a whole (part three). This principle can be put into the words: “having the Father and the Son.”","PeriodicalId":52162,"journal":{"name":"Biblical Annals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45000360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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