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Research of stress concentration at closely placed holes in wing bearing area in anisotropic plates 各向异性板机翼承载区密孔处应力集中研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.29354/diag/155259
Marta Maksymovych, Aleksandr Lazorko, O. Maksymovych, O. Dmitriiev
In this article effective approach of the study of high-stress concentration at closely placed holes in wing bearing area (in anisotropic plates) is proposed. It is based on the boundary integral equation method with the additional use of the asymptotic method. The simplicity, precision of the approach and the stability of the solution are illustrated in the calculation of stresses in the plate with a circular hole, an elliptical hole, elongated holes, a plate with two closely spaced elliptical holes
本文提出了研究机翼支承区(各向异性板)密孔高应力集中的有效方法。它是在边界积分方程法的基础上附加使用了渐近方法。该方法的简单性、精度和解的稳定性在具有圆孔、椭圆孔、细长孔和具有两个紧密间隔的椭圆孔的板中的应力计算中得到了说明
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引用次数: 0
Surface hardening effect on the fatigue behavior of isotropic beam 表面硬化对各向同性梁疲劳性能的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.29354/diag/154901
Sajjad H, Nasser, Qasim H. Bader
This paper is to present an experimental study of the impact of surface hardening on the high-cycle fatigue behavior of an isotropic beam. The beams made from low carbon steel (St 44-2). Surface treatments used are pack carburizing and carbonitriding. The experimental work included mechanical test, surface heat treatment, fatigue test and Microscopic inspection. The surface hardening was done by using pack-carburizing process at a temperature of 925°C holding time variation (2, 4, and 6hr) followed by quenching and tempering process, and using the carbonitriding process at a temperature of 800°C and for periods (0.5, 1 and 1.5hr) then quenching directly in water. The fatigue test was carried out by a cantilever rotating-bending system. The results of an experimental fatigue test indicate that various behaviors depend on surface heat treatment and time soaking. The findings indicate that carbonitriding has a greater impact on the fatigue strength and life than the specimen has been treated with pack carburizing. In addition, as the time soaking increase, the fatigue life will increase for both types of surface heat treatments. It was found that the specimens that were hardened using the carbonitriding process achieved a higher surface hardness as the hardness increased to 1644.62HV, while the untreated specimens were 293HV. Compared with the hardening using the pack carburizing
本文对表面硬化对各向同性梁高周疲劳行为的影响进行了实验研究。梁由低碳钢(St 44-2)制成。所用的表面处理方法有包渗碳和碳氮共渗。实验工作包括机械试验、表面热处理、疲劳试验和显微镜检查。表面硬化是通过在925°C的温度下采用包埋渗碳工艺,保持时间变化(2、4和6小时),然后进行淬火和回火工艺,以及在800°C温度下采用碳氮共渗工艺,持续0.5、1和1.5小时,然后直接在水中淬火。疲劳试验采用悬臂旋转弯曲系统进行。实验疲劳试验结果表明,不同的行为取决于表面热处理和浸泡时间。研究结果表明,碳氮共渗对疲劳强度和寿命的影响比包埋渗碳处理的试样大。此外,随着浸泡时间的增加,这两种表面热处理的疲劳寿命都会增加。研究发现,随着硬度增加到1644.62HV,使用碳氮共渗工艺硬化的试样获得了更高的表面硬度,而未处理的试样为293HV。与采用包埋渗碳硬化的对比
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of air jets velocity attenuation at special initial conditions 特殊初始条件下气流速度衰减分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.29354/diag/154859
O. Voznyak, N. Spodyniuk, O. Savchenko, O. Dovbush, M. Kasynets, O. Datsko
The article is devoted to solving the significant problem of efficiency increasing of air distribution in the premise by swirl air jet. The aim of the article is to decrease coefficient of velocity attenuation due to intensification of initial turbulence of different air streams leakage from the air distributor and to obtain of analytical equations for calculation of air distribution in a room to ensure the normative indoor air parameters. Effect of flow twisting results in a reduction of the velocity attenuation coefficient by 2.4 times. The regression analysis testified that the attenuation coefficient of the swirl air jet is more affected by the angle of the twisting plates inclination and less affected by the angle of change of the air flow direction. The attenuation coefficient of all types of rectangular air jets is more influenced by the the ratio of the sides of slit b/l and the angle of change of the air flow direction is also less affected. To minimize the attenuation factor, it is effective to use air distributors at smaller swivel plates inclination angles for swirl air jets and a smaller slit size ratio for all types of rectangular air jets. α – angle of swivel plate’s inclination; β – angle the air b – height of the slit, m;
本文致力于解决旋流射流在前提下提高配气效率的重大问题。本文的目的是为了减小从空气分布器泄漏的不同气流由于初始湍流加剧而引起的速度衰减系数,并得到室内空气分布计算的解析方程,以保证室内空气参数的规范。流扭效应使速度衰减系数降低了2.4倍。回归分析表明,旋流射流的衰减系数受扭转板倾角的影响较大,受气流方向变化角的影响较小。各类型矩形射流的衰减系数受狭缝边长b/l比的影响较大,气流方向变化角的影响也较小。为了使衰减系数最小化,对于旋流射流采用较小的旋板倾角的气流分布器,对于所有类型的矩形射流采用较小的狭缝尺寸比是有效的。α—转盘倾斜角;β -空气夹角b -狭缝高度m;
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引用次数: 1
Influence of HIP sintering technique on the reliability of the mechanical properties of brass-an experimental study. HIP烧结技术对黄铜力学性能可靠性影响的实验研究。
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.29354/diag/154830
S. Alnomani
The reliability of the mechanical properties of any product plays an important role in the longevity of the product to work properly under various working conditions. In the present study, the effect of preparing brass alloy on its mechanical properties was experimentally studied. Samples of brass (60% Cu-40% Zn) were prepared by hot iso-stating pressing (HIP) sintering method and some main mechanical tests were performed on them included porosity, density, hardness and compression tests. Results of these tests were compared with corresponding tests on commercial brass alloys produced by casting in order to show the effect of the method of preparing on their mechanical properties. There was a significant improvement in the hardness and strength of the sintered alloy due to the increasing in density and decreasing in porosity comparing with the corresponding other casting's alloys. Results showed an improvement in the density values by 8.4% as a result of the significant reduction in the porosity values from 8.65% to about 0.43%. As a result, the strength of the alloys prepared by the heat pressing method has jumped to a value of 600MPa compared to the traditional castings that have a strength of 343MPa.
任何产品的机械性能的可靠性对产品在各种工作条件下正常工作的寿命起着重要作用。在本研究中,通过实验研究了制备黄铜合金对其力学性能的影响。采用热等静压烧结法制备了60%Cu-40%Zn黄铜试样,并对其进行了孔隙率、密度、硬度和压缩试验等主要力学性能测试。将这些试验结果与铸造生产的商用黄铜合金的相应试验进行了比较,以显示制备方法对其力学性能的影响。与相应的其他铸件的合金相比,由于密度的增加和孔隙率的降低,烧结合金的硬度和强度显著提高。结果表明,由于孔隙率从8.65%显著降低到约0.43%,密度值提高了8.4%。因此,与强度为343MPa的传统铸件相比,通过热压方法制备的合金的强度已跃升至600MPa。
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引用次数: 0
Particle swarm optimization of a neural network model for predicting the flashover voltage on polluted cap and pin insulator 污秽帽针绝缘子闪络电压预测神经网络模型的粒子群优化
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.29354/diag/154051
Belkebir Amel, Bourek Yacine, Benguesmia Hani
This paper proposes training an artificial neural network (ANN) by a particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to predict the flashover voltage of outdoor insulators. The analysis follows a series of real-world tests on high-voltage insulators to form a database for implementing artificial intelligence concepts. These tests are performed in various degrees of artificial contamination (distilled brine). Each contamination level shows the amount of contamination in milliliters per area of the isolator. The acquisition database provides values of flashover voltage corresponding to their electrical conductivity in each isolation zone and different degrees of artificial contamination. The results show that ANN trained by PSO can not only provide better prediction results, but also reduce the amount of computation efforts. It is also a more powerful model because: it does not get stuck in a local optimum. In addition, it also has the advantages of simple logic, simple implementation, and underlying intelligence. Compared to the results obtained by practical tests, the results obtained present that the PSO-ANN technique is very effective to predict flashover of high-voltage polluted insulators.
本文提出用粒子群优化(PSO)技术训练人工神经网络(ANN)来预测户外绝缘子的闪络电压。该分析是在对高压绝缘子进行一系列真实世界测试之后进行的,以形成一个用于实现人工智能概念的数据库。这些测试是在不同程度的人工污染(蒸馏盐水)中进行的。每个污染水平显示隔离器每个区域的污染量,单位为毫升。采集数据库提供了与每个隔离区的电导率和不同程度的人为污染相对应的闪络电压值。结果表明,PSO训练的神经网络不仅可以提供更好的预测结果,而且可以减少计算量。它也是一个更强大的模型,因为:它不会陷入局部最优。此外,它还具有逻辑简单、实现简单、底层智能的优点。与实际试验结果相比较,表明PSO-ANN技术对高压污秽绝缘子闪络的预测是非常有效的。
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引用次数: 1
Accuracy and durability increasing of the body level control systems in the immobile state of the vehicle 提高车辆静止状态下车身液位控制系统的精度和耐久性
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-21 DOI: 10.29354/diag/154793
Y. Savchenko, M. Mykhalevych, P. Droździel, V. Verbitskiy, R. Wrona
Pneumatic suspension is increasingly used in many cars. Control of a car body level is the main function of the pneumatic suspension. The experimental determination of the pneumatic spring characteristics suitable for the design and modeling of the car level control system is presented. The characteristics of the pneumatic spring are determined, that determine the quality of the control system. The effect of temperature changes inside the pneumatic spring is experimentally determined due to heat exchange on air pressure and vertical force during alignment of the car body. In addition, through modeling is evaluated by changing the level of the car body due to the impact of heat transfer. An original method of controlling the lifting and lowering of the vehicle body is proposed. The method is based on the energy balance and is the basis for reducing the number of strokes of the electropneumatic valve. The change in the level of the body due to the temperature effect is leveled due to the indirect consideration of this effect using the pressure sensor in the cylinder. of compressed air temperature.
气动悬架在许多汽车上的应用越来越广泛。控制车身水平是气动悬架的主要功能。介绍了适合汽车液位控制系统设计与建模的气动弹簧特性的实验确定。气动弹簧的特性决定了控制系统的质量。通过实验确定了在车身对齐过程中,由于热交换对气压和垂直力的影响,气动弹簧内部温度变化的影响。此外,通过建模评估了水平变化对车体传热的影响。提出了一种新颖的控制车身升降的方法。该方法以能量平衡为基础,是减少电动气动阀行程数的基础。由于使用气缸中的压力传感器间接考虑了这种影响,因此由于温度效应而引起的阀体液位变化被调平。压缩空气的温度。
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引用次数: 1
Prediction of crack depth and position in vibrating beams using artificial neural networks 用人工神经网络预测振动梁裂纹深度和位置
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.29354/diag/154758
A. Bouboulas, P. Nikolakopoulos, Nikolaos Anifantis
The aim of this paper is to develop a finite element procedure for crack prediction in vibrating beams. Based on this procedure, full frictional contact conditions are introduced between the crack surfaces in order to consider the breathing of crack. The region surrounding the crack is simulated by two-dimensional finite elements. An incremental-iterative procedure is employed to solve the nonlinear dynamic equations governing this problem. The obtained time response is processed with Fast Fourier Transform to extract its frequency components. The first three natural frequencies are input to a trained Artificial Neural Network for depth and position prediction of the crack. This study is validated for a dynamic loading cantilever beam. It is found that the proposed procedure is capable of predicting the crack depth and position with high accuracy.
本文的目的是开发一种振动梁裂纹预测的有限元程序。在此基础上,为了考虑裂纹的呼吸,在裂纹表面之间引入了完全摩擦接触条件。采用二维有限元法对裂纹周围区域进行了模拟。采用增量迭代法求解了控制该问题的非线性动力学方程。对得到的时间响应进行快速傅里叶变换,提取其频率分量。将前三个固有频率输入到训练好的人工神经网络中,用于裂缝的深度和位置预测。该研究在动载荷悬臂梁上得到了验证。结果表明,该方法能够较准确地预测裂纹的深度和位置。
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引用次数: 0
Remote monitoring of oil pipelines' cathodic protection system via GSM/GPRS modem and the thingspeak platform 利用GSM/GPRS调制解调器和thingspeak平台对输油管道阴极保护系统进行远程监控
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.29354/diag/152481
A. Al-Attabi, Manaf K. Hussein
With the advancement of technology and the implementation of contemporary techniques and system controls, conventional methods of on-site monitoring have been replaced by remote supervision, which offers a number of advantages. As a result, it appears that a suitable strategy utilizing these contemporary approaches and incorporating information technology into the industry is required. The author's goal in this work is to describe a device for remotely transferring cathodic protection information from oil and gas pipelines to a platform server through the internet and sending alerts by SMS and e-mail. This system was developed and tested in Iraq's Al-Ahdab oil field. The system provides real-time, 24/7 assessment data with an accuracy of 99.7%.
随着技术的进步和现代技术和系统控制的实施,传统的现场监控方法已经被远程监控所取代,远程监控具有许多优点。因此,似乎需要一种利用这些现代方法并将信息技术纳入该行业的适当战略。作者在这项工作中的目标是描述一种设备,用于通过互联网将石油和天然气管道的阴极保护信息远程传输到平台服务器,并通过短信和电子邮件发送警报。该系统在伊拉克的Al-Ahdab油田进行了开发和测试。该系统提供实时、24/7的评估数据,准确率达99.7%。
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引用次数: 1
A review of the design and control using computational fluid dynamics of gasoline direct injection engines 汽油直喷发动机计算流体力学设计与控制综述
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.29354/diag/153373
Barhm Mohamad, Mohammed Ali
This paper explores the role of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling technique in the design, regulation, and production of the gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine combustion system through literature reviews. It begins with a brief analysis of injector technologies and the effect of spray characteristics on the optimization of the combustion system. The key challenges of optimizing a homogeneous-charge GDI combustion system are the enhancement of volumetric performance and homogeneity of fuel-air mixing with reduced wetting of surface fuel and the improvement of power output. Most of the calculations focused on dynamic mesh strategy to manage moving geometry varied from case to case. The techniques of the methods varied. During the opening event of a GDI gasoline-injector for automotive applications, the findings of the literature indicate the primary fuel atomization.
本文通过文献综述,探讨了计算流体动力学(CFD)建模技术在汽油直喷(GDI)发动机燃烧系统设计、调节和生产中的作用。首先简要分析了喷射器技术以及喷雾特性对燃烧系统优化的影响。优化均匀充气GDI燃烧系统的关键挑战是通过减少表面燃料的润湿来提高燃料-空气混合的体积性能和均匀性以及提高功率输出。大多数计算都集中在动态网格策略上,以管理不同情况下的移动几何体。这些方法的技术各不相同。在用于汽车应用的GDI汽油喷射器的开启事件中,文献的发现表明了初级燃料的雾化。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of climate change on photovoltaic solar production in hot regions 气候变化对炎热地区光伏太阳能生产的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.29354/diag/152276
M. Al-Baghdadi, A. Ridha, A. Al-Khayyat
The work of solar cells and their production of electrical energy have been affected by climate change, especially in hot regions which became significantly hotter and still receive relatively high levels of solar radiation throughout the year. Higher ambient temperature and solar radiation result in higher PV cell temperature and, therefore, the reduction in PV module power output and efficiency. This study investigates how a PV module performs throughout the year in a hot region by considering the variations in cell temperature resulting from changes in ambient temperature and solar radiation every day. The tilt angles and two-axis tracking have also been examined. Results indicate that the two-axis solar tracking system is critical to use in hot regions for obtaining higher output power. Therefore, part of this power can be used to cool solar panels using various methods to keep their efficiency high, such as operating air fans or operating pumps to cool them with coolant.
太阳能电池的工作及其电能生产受到气候变化的影响,尤其是在炎热地区,这些地区变得明显更热,全年仍受到相对较高的太阳辐射。较高的环境温度和太阳辐射导致较高的光伏电池温度,从而降低光伏模块的功率输出和效率。这项研究通过考虑环境温度和太阳辐射每天的变化导致的电池温度变化,调查了光伏组件在炎热地区全年的表现。倾斜角度和双轴跟踪也已经过检查。结果表明,双轴太阳跟踪系统对于在高温地区使用以获得更高的输出功率至关重要。因此,这种电力的一部分可以用来冷却太阳能电池板,使用各种方法来保持它们的高效率,例如操作风扇或操作泵来用冷却剂冷却它们。
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引用次数: 0
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Diagnostyka
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