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Detection of epileptic seizures in EEG by using machine learning techniques 利用机器学习技术检测脑电图中的癫痫发作
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-06 DOI: 10.29354/diag/158277
Muayed S. Al-Huseiny, Ahmed S. Sajit
In this research a public dataset of recordings of EEG signals of healthy subjects and epileptic patients was used to build three simple classifiers with low time complexity, these are decision tree, random forest and AdaBoost algorithm. The data was initially preprocessed to extract short waves of electrical signals representing brain activity. The signals are then used for the selected models. Experimental results showed that random forest achieved the best accuracy of detection of the presence/absence of epileptic seizure in the EEG signals at 97.23% followed by decision tree with accuracy of 96.93%. The least performing algorithm was the AdaBoost scoring accuracy of 87.23%. Further, the AUC scores were 99% for decision tree, 99.9% for random forest and 95.6% for AdaBoost. These results are comparable to state-of-the-art classifiers which have higher time complexity.
本研究利用健康受试者和癫痫患者脑电信号记录的公共数据集,构建了三个时间复杂度较低的简单分类器,即决策树、随机森林和AdaBoost算法。数据最初被预处理以提取代表大脑活动的短波电信号。然后将这些信号用于选定的模型。实验结果表明,随机森林在检测脑电信号中是否存在癫痫发作方面的准确率最高,为97.23%,其次是决策树,准确率为96.93%。表现最差的算法是AdaBoost评分准确率为87.23%。此外,决策树的AUC分额为99%,随机森林为99.9%,AdaBooster为95.6%。这些结果与具有更高时间复杂度的最先进的分类器相当。
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引用次数: 0
Longitudinal movement modeling and simulation for hybrid underwater glider 混合式水下滑翔机纵向运动建模与仿真
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.29354/diag/158074
Ayu Latifah, A. Ramelan, D. Lubis, B. Trilaksono, E. Hidayat
An autonomous underwater vehicle is a vehicle that can move in water, which is also known as an unmanned undersea vehicle. One type is the hybrid underwater glider where the vehicle is designed in such a way that it is able to carry out missions in the water with less power consumption so that it can last a long time in carrying out missions. In this research, a mathematical design is carried out in the form of a nonlinear model with the aim of being able to produce a model in the longitudinal movement of the HUG vehicle which will be tested limited to a simulation using the MATLAB/Simulink program. The parameters used in the model for this longitudinal movement are obtained by the computational fluid dynamics method so that it has been simulated with various movements according to the mission of the vehicle. In the simulation, input is given in the form of variations in the value of the actuator force to be able to carry out movements according to the mission and the simulation is open loop so that the vehicle's response is in the form of position and speed of
自动潜水器是一种可以在水中移动的潜水器,也被称为无人潜水器。一种类型是混合式水下滑翔机,该飞行器的设计方式是,它能够在水中以较小的功耗执行任务,从而可以在执行任务时持续很长时间。在本研究中,以非线性模型的形式进行了数学设计,目的是能够生成HUG车辆纵向运动的模型,该模型将仅限于使用MATLAB/Simulink程序进行模拟测试。该纵向运动模型中使用的参数是通过计算流体动力学方法获得的,从而根据车辆的任务对其进行了各种运动的模拟。在模拟中,输入是以致动器力值的变化形式给出的,以便能够根据任务进行运动,模拟是开环的,因此车辆的响应是以
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引用次数: 0
Effects of non-classical boundary conditions on the free vibration response of a cantilever Euler-Bernoulli beams 非经典边界条件对悬臂欧拉-伯努利梁自由振动响应的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.29354/diag/158075
Abderrachid Afras, A. El Ghoulbzouri
In this article, the problem of the free vibration behavior of a cantilever Euler-Bernoulli beam with various non-classical boundary conditions, such as rotational, translational spring, and attached mass is investigated. For describing the differential equation of the system. An analytical procedure is proposed firstly, and a numerical method based on the differential transform method DTM is developed in order to validate the obtained results. A parametric study for various degenerate cases is presented with the aim to analyze the influence of rotational stiffness, vertical stiffness, and mass ratio on the free vibration response of the beam, particularly on its modal characteristics. The results show that the non-classical boundary conditions significantly affect the natural frequency and mode shapes of the studied beam system in comparison to the case of a classical boundary conditions such as Simply supported, clamped-clamped, etc. The comparison between the obtained results based on the proposed analytical solution and numerical scheme, and those available in the literature shows an excellent agreement.
本文研究了悬臂欧拉-伯努利梁在旋转、平移弹簧和附加质量等非经典边界条件下的自由振动问题。用来描述系统的微分方程。首先提出了一种解析方法,然后提出了一种基于微分变换法DTM的数值方法来验证所得结果。对各种简并情况进行了参数化研究,分析了旋转刚度、垂直刚度和质量比对梁自由振动响应的影响,特别是对其模态特性的影响。结果表明,与简支、夹固等经典边界条件相比,非经典边界条件对梁系固有频率和模态振型有显著影响。本文所提出的解析解和数值格式所得到的结果与文献中已有的结果相比较,结果表明两者非常吻合。
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引用次数: 0
Preventing the development of emergency modes of interlocked electric drives of a rolling mill under the impact loads 防止冲击载荷作用下轧机联锁电传动产生应急模式
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.29354/diag/157089
V. Druzhinin, G. Sivyakova, A. Kalinin, V. Tytiuk, Anatolii Nikolenko, Vitaliy Kuznetsov, M. Kuzmenko
In recent years, due to the tightening of competition in the global market of steel producers, the requirements for the quality of hot-rolled steel have increased. The finishing group of the rolling mill is characterized by a complex structure of mechanical and electrical parts. The operation of electric drive systems of such units is characterized by the interrelation of electromagnetic processes, mechanical phenomena and technological factors. As experimental studies have shown, the quality of the supply voltage is inextricably linked with the impact nature of the loads in the rolling stands of the roughing and finishing groups of the hot rolling mill. A decrease in the supply voltage may be accompanied by the development of emergency modes of synchronous electric drives, leading to a decrease in the quality of the finished product.The paper developed a mathematical model of the power supply system of the rolling mill JSC "ArcelorMittal Temirtau". It is shown that this can lead to loss of synchronism of the synchronous motor. Such a voltage drop has a significant impact on the operation of DC electric drives of the finishing group. Various strategies are proposed to counter the development of emergency situations.
近年来,由于全球市场上钢铁生产商的竞争日趋激烈,对热轧钢的质量要求也越来越高。轧机精轧机的特点是由机械和电气部分组成的复杂结构。这类机组的电驱动系统的运行具有电磁过程、机械现象和技术因素相互作用的特点。实验研究表明,供电电压的好坏与热轧机粗精轧机机架内负荷的冲击性质有着千丝万缕的联系。电源电压的降低可能伴随着同步电驱动应急模式的发展,从而导致成品质量的下降。本文建立了ArcelorMittal Temirtau轧钢厂供电系统的数学模型。结果表明,这可能导致同步电机失去同步性。这样的电压降对精加工组直流电驱动的运行有很大的影响。为应对紧急情况的发展,提出了各种战略。
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引用次数: 2
An experimental investigation of fracture modes and delamination behavior of carbon fiber reinforced laminated composite materials 碳纤维增强层合复合材料断裂模式及分层行为的实验研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.29354/diag/156749
Mustafa Musafir, Zuhair Ameer, A. Hamzah
Mechanically, composite laminates perform exceptionally well in-plane but poorly out-of-plane. Interlaminar damage, known as "delamination," is a major issue for composite laminates. Results from Mode-I and Mode-II experimental testing on twill-woven carbon fiber reinforced (CFRP) laminates are analyzed in this paper. Composite Mode-I fracture toughness was determined using three different methods in accordance with ASTM D5528: modified beam theory, compliance calibration, and a codified compliance calibration. Two methods, the Compliance Calibration Method and the Compliance-Based Beam Method, were used to determine the Mode-II fracture toughness in accordance with ASTM D7905. Stick-slip behavior is quite evident in the composite's Mode-I fracture toughness test findings. The MBT technique's 𝐺 Ic values for initiation and propagation are 0.533 and 0.679 KJ/m 2 , respectively. When comparing the MBT approach to the industry-standard ASTM procedure for determining fracture toughness Mode-I, the MBT method was shown to be highly compatible. Furthermore, the 𝐺 IIc values for the CBBM technique are 1.65 KJ/m 2 for non-pre cracked and 1.4 KJ/m 2 for pre-cracked materials. The CBBM method shows a good method to evaluate fracture toughness Mode-II, due to not needing to monitor the length of the crack during delamination growth to get the value of the fracture toughness.
机械上,复合层压板在平面内的表现非常好,但在平面外的表现很差。层间损伤,被称为“分层”,是复合层压板的一个主要问题。对斜纹织物碳纤维增强(CFRP)层压板的i型和ii型试验结果进行了分析。根据ASTM D5528,采用三种不同的方法测定复合材料的i型断裂韧性:修正梁理论、柔度校准和规范柔度校准。根据ASTM D7905的要求,采用柔度校准法和基于柔度的梁法两种方法来确定ii型断裂韧性。黏滑行为在复合材料i型断裂韧性试验中非常明显。MBT技术产生和传播的𝐺Ic值分别为0.533和0.679 KJ/ m2。当将MBT方法与行业标准ASTM程序进行比较以确定断裂韧性模型i时,MBT方法被证明是高度兼容的。此外,CBBM技术的𝐺IIc值对于未预裂材料为1.65 KJ/ m2,对于预裂材料为1.4 KJ/ m2。CBBM方法是一种很好的评估断裂韧性的方法,因为它不需要监测分层扩展过程中裂纹的长度来获得断裂韧性的值。
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引用次数: 0
Considerations for starting combustion engines with AC machines 用交流机器启动内燃机的注意事项
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.29354/diag/156748
M. Monroy, C. Romero, Edison Henao
To initiate its combustion cycles, internal combustion engines require a minimum rotational speed that can be given from several sources (muscular, electrical, pneumatic, among others). Advantages of initiating an ICE with an AC electrical machine is that it can integrate starter motor and generator in one device, provide a linear ramp of acceleration when starting, and assist the ICE in torque production. This article illustrates considerations for the design of a starting system with an AC electrical machine. Initially, criteria of torque, rotational speed and power requirements are analysed, considering resistances of compression, friction, and inertia of the slider-crank mechanism, as well as accessories, with a preliminary experimental validation. Also, types of three-phase AC electrical machines are put to comparison, as well as their associated electronic components needed for driving them in each case, concluding that AC induction machines require a complex 4-quadrant inverter. PM synchronous machines require a simpler inverter, but with highly specified power electronics components. The classical wound rotor machine requires the simplest inverter, with unidirectional power flow, less power transfer losses and less critical power electronics components. Finally, considerations for using of a battery assisted with supercapacitor as complementary DC power source are made.
为了启动其燃烧循环,内燃发动机需要一个最小转速,该转速可以从几个来源(肌肉、电气、气动等)给出。用交流电机启动ICE的优点是,它可以将启动电机和发电机集成在一个设备中,在启动时提供线性加速斜坡,并帮助ICE产生扭矩。本文阐述了交流电机起动系统设计的注意事项。首先,考虑到曲柄滑块机构以及附件的压缩阻力、摩擦阻力和惯性阻力,分析了扭矩、转速和功率要求的标准,并进行了初步的实验验证。此外,对三相交流电机的类型以及在每种情况下驱动它们所需的相关电子元件进行了比较,得出结论,交流感应电机需要复杂的四象限逆变器。PM同步电机需要一个更简单的逆变器,但具有高度指定的电力电子元件。经典的绕线转子机器需要最简单的逆变器,具有单向功率流、更少的功率传输损耗和更少的关键功率电子元件。最后,考虑使用超级电容器辅助电池作为补充直流电源。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient covid19 disease diagnosis based on cough signal processing and supervised machine learning 基于咳嗽信号处理和监督机器学习的高效covid - 19疾病诊断
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.29354/diag/156751
Khaled Bensid, Abdelhai Lati, A. Benlamoudi, Brahim Ghouar, Mohammed Larbi Senoussi
The spread of the coronavirus has claimed the lives of millions worldwide, which led to the emergence of an economic and health crisis at the global level, which prompted many researchers to submit proposals for early diagnosis of the coronavirus to limit its spread. In this work, we propose an automated system to detect COVID-19 based on the cough as one of the most important infection indicators. Several studies have shown that coughing accounts for 65% of the total symptoms of infection. The proposed system is mainly based on three main steps: first, cough signal detection and segmentation;second, cough signal extraction;and third, three techniques of supervised machine learning-based classification: Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), and Decision Tree (DT). Our proposed system showed high performance through good accuracy values, where the best accuracy for classifying female coughs was 99.6% using KNN and 88% for males using SVM. © 2022 by the Authors.
冠状病毒的传播已经夺走了全球数百万人的生命,这导致了全球范围内经济和健康危机的出现,这促使许多研究人员提交了早期诊断冠状病毒的建议,以限制其传播。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种基于咳嗽作为最重要的感染指标之一来检测新冠肺炎的自动化系统。几项研究表明,咳嗽占感染总症状的65%。所提出的系统主要基于三个主要步骤:第一,咳嗽信号的检测和分割;咳嗽信号提取;第三,基于监督机器学习的分类的三种技术:支持向量机(SVM)、K近邻(KNN)和决策树(DT)。我们提出的系统通过良好的准确度值显示出高性能,其中使用KNN对女性咳嗽进行分类的最佳准确度为99.6%,使用SVM对男性咳嗽进行分类时的最佳准确率为88%。©2022作者。
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引用次数: 0
Hardness, corrosion behavior, and microstructure of Al-Cu-Mg alloy as a fuction of 0.3 wt.% Zr addition 添加0.3 wt.% Zr对Al-Cu-Mg合金硬度、腐蚀行为和显微组织的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.29354/diag/156750
K. Saad, J. Al-Murshdy
The effect of adding zirconium (Zr) as an alloying element to Al-Cu-Mg alloy on the hardness and corrosion of this alloy was investigated. The hardness and polarization test results of samples treated for various periods by aging at 423.15 K for 3hr showed a significant increment in the Brinell hardness (HBW) improvement ratio of 115.6% (from 45HBW to 97HBW) and an extreme reduction the corrosion rate of the alloy after Zr adding decrease in the current density by 79.42% (from 56.50 µA cm-2 to 11.63 µA cm-2) with aging for 3 hr compared to the base alloy. The impact of this addition is also reflected in the strengthening, recrystallization, and modification of the grain microstructure. These changes were clearly demonstrated by microscopic testing and proves that the addition of Zr has a considerable synergistic effect causing inhibition of recrystallization and refinement of grain size.
研究了在Al-Cu-Mg合金中添加锆(Zr)对合金硬度和腐蚀性能的影响。通过在423.15K下老化3小时处理不同时期的样品的硬度和极化测试结果显示,布氏硬度(HBW)改善率显著提高了115.6%(从45HBW到97HBW),添加Zr后合金的腐蚀速率显著降低,电流密度随老化3小时降低了79.42%(从56.50µa cm-2到11.63µa cm--2)与基础合金相比。这种添加的影响也反映在晶粒微观结构的强化、再结晶和改性上。微观测试清楚地证明了这些变化,并证明Zr的添加具有相当大的协同效应,导致抑制再结晶和细化晶粒尺寸。
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引用次数: 0
Measurements of acoustic response of car interion for structural excitations 结构激励下汽车干涉声响应的测量
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.29354/diag/156893
Wojciech Paluch, M. Kłaczyński
The transition from internal combustion to electric propulsion in cars presents component designers with new challenges in terms of noise reduction. Until now, components such as the suspension, its knocks were masked by the combustion engine or exhaust system. The absence of such significant sources, means that hitherto inaudible components are starting to become a nuisance. In order to reduce their noise, a number of optimisation solutions, both active and passive, are used. In order to do so, relevant measurements and data analysis must be carried out. This paper aims to present the acoustic characteristics of the interiors of two cars excited structurally in the vicinity of the front shock absorber mounting and by the operation of another component, the windscreen wipers on dry and wet windscreens. Measurements were made using 3D intensity probes based on acoustic particle velocity sensors. The results, in the form of both acoustic particle velocity and sound pressure characteristics and spectrograms, are presented comparatively for two types of car.
汽车从内燃向电力推进的转变给零部件设计人员在降噪方面提出了新的挑战。到目前为止,悬挂等部件的碰撞都被内燃机或排气系统掩盖了。如此重要的来源的缺失,意味着迄今为止听不见的成分开始成为一种滋扰。为了降低噪音,使用了许多主动和被动的优化解决方案。为此,必须进行相关的测量和数据分析。本文旨在介绍两辆汽车在前减震器安装附近以及在干、湿挡风玻璃上的另一个部件雨刷的作用下的内部声学特性。采用基于声粒子速度传感器的三维强度探头进行测量。比较了两种汽车的声速、声压特性和声压谱图。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of the possibility of using the phase angle in the Eusama method as an additional diagnostic parameter in the assessment of the technical condition of the vehicle suspension system 分析在评估车辆悬架系统技术条件时使用Eusama方法中的相位角作为附加诊断参数的可能性
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.29354/diag/156917
Ł. Konieczny, J. Filipczyk
Summary Vehicle suspension system diagnostics is essential to both operation and maintenance of automotive vehicles. Diagnostic methods should provide signals that in-service defects have occurred as early as possible and make it possible to identify such defects in an unambiguous manner. Among the most popular oscillatory methods used to examine the technical condition of suspension systems, the EUSAMA method, developed by the European Shock Absorbers Manufacturers Association, has enjoyed particularly wide application, and it consists in establishing the ratio between the minimum value of the wheel adhesion force within the band of resonance of unsprung masses and the static wheel load value, expressed in per cent. Technical condition classification is based on comparing the values of what is commonly referred to as the EUSAMA coefficient (percentage ratio of a minimum wheel load force to a tangential vehicle wheel load on a test stand plate) for two wheels of a single axle. Such a test stand typically features only a load force sensor integrated with the test plate. The modification proposed by the authors involves installing an additional test plate displacement sensor at the test stand. When performed simultaneously, measurements of the load force affecting the plate and of its displacement make it possible to determine the phase angle between the relevant signals and to analyse the possibility of using the phase angle as an additional source of information about the technical condition of the vehicle suspension system.
车辆悬架系统诊断对汽车的操作和维护都至关重要。诊断方法应尽早提供在役缺陷发生的信号,并使其能够以明确的方式识别此类缺陷。在用于检查悬架系统技术条件的最流行的振荡方法中,由欧洲减震器制造商协会开发的EUSAMA方法具有特别广泛的应用,它包括建立簧下质量共振带内车轮附着力的最小值与静态车轮载荷值之间的比率,单位为%。技术条件分类基于对单轴两轮的EUSAMA系数(试验台板上最小车轮负载力与切向车辆车轮负载的百分比比)的值进行比较。这种测试台通常仅具有与测试板集成的负载力传感器。作者提出的修改包括在试验台上安装一个额外的试验板位移传感器。当同时进行时,对影响板的负载力及其位移的测量可以确定相关信号之间的相位角,并分析使用相位角作为关于车辆悬架系统技术条件的附加信息源的可能性。
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引用次数: 3
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