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Using Field Trips to Create Relevant Social Justice Informed Mathematics Lessons in an Elementary Teacher Education Program: An Action Research Study 在小学教师教育计划中利用实地考察创造相关的社会正义知识数学课程:一项行动研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2022.2096709
E. Ijebor, C. Cascalheira, L. Lucero
ABSTRACT Teaching mathematics for social justice is a rich research area in which field trips have been under examined. The paucity of literature on math-based field trips for social justice, specifically, warrants further investigation. This action research study aims to improve our practice of empowering elementary preservice teachers to design math-based field trips to enhance student awareness of social justice issues. Two research questions (RQ) guided this project: (RQ1) How can teacher educators inspire social change within math education via the preparation of future elementary teachers using math-based field trips? (RQ2) What are preservice teachers’ perceptions of designing socially just math lessons using fieldtrips? We provide an overview of previous literature, describe the project we designed, and provide an analysis of preservice teachers’ experiences and perceptions of this project. Thematic analysis of student journals and final assignments generated eight overarching themes and three subordinate themes organized by three phases. Organization by phases indicates a structural approach that teacher educators may use when introducing a similar activity. Further analysis revealed elementary preservice teachers emphasized the beneficial challenge of this assignment, suggesting that math-based social justice field trips are important additions to teacher education programs. Finally, we discuss what we learned from this study as teacher educators and researchers and provide recommendations to the field of teacher education.
社会公正数学教学是一个丰富的研究领域,实地考察一直在进行研究。特别是,关于以数学为基础的社会正义实地考察的文献缺乏,值得进一步调查。本行动研究旨在改善我们的做法,授权小学职前教师设计基于数学的实地考察,以提高学生对社会正义问题的认识。两个研究问题(RQ)指导了这个项目:(RQ)教师教育者如何通过使用基于数学的实地考察来培养未来的小学教师,从而激发数学教育中的社会变革?(RQ2)职前教师对利用实地考察设计社会公正的数学课程有何看法?我们概述了以往的文献,描述了我们设计的项目,并分析了职前教师对这个项目的经验和看法。对学生期刊和期末作业的专题分析产生了八个总体主题和三个分三个阶段组织的次要主题。分阶段组织表明教师教育工作者在引入类似活动时可能使用的结构方法。进一步的分析显示,小学职前教师强调这项作业的有益挑战,这表明以数学为基础的社会正义实地考察是教师教育计划的重要补充。最后,我们以教师教育者和研究者的身份讨论了从本研究中得到的启示,并对教师教育领域提出了建议。
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引用次数: 2
Preservice Teachers and the Notion of Care: An Analysis of Classroom Management Plans 职前教师与关怀观念:课堂管理计划分析
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2022.2096710
Keonya C. Booker
ABSTRACT Teachers leave the profession due to many reasons, one of which is difficulty with classroom management skills. A significant part of a well-run classroom is having affirming and positive relationships with students. In this study, teacher caring is explored via a content analysis of preservice teachers’ classroom management plans, a required component of their education preparation program. Findings revealed three themes: Remembering Their ABC’s; Keeping Culture Close and Peers Always Present; and Everyday Expectations Equal Engagement. Implications for teacher educators are presented with a summary of ways to encourage relational caring and bonding in the secondary classroom.
教师离职的原因有很多,其中一个原因是课堂管理技能方面的困难。良好运作的课堂的重要组成部分是与学生建立肯定和积极的关系。在这项研究中,通过对职前教师课堂管理计划的内容分析,探讨了教师关怀,这是他们教育准备计划的必要组成部分。调查结果揭示了三个主题:记住他们的ABC;密切文化交流,同行常在;以及日常期望平等参与。总结了在中学课堂上鼓励关系关怀和联系的方法,对教师教育工作者提出了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Teacher Candidates’ Perceptions of Emergent Teacher Leadership in Clinically Based Teacher Education 临床基础教师教育中教师候选人对突发教师领导的认知
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2022.2074912
Logan Rutten, Sebrina L. Doyle, Rachel Wolkenhauer, Deborah L. Schussler
ABSTRACT Emergent teacher leadership is a new concept that refers to teacher leadership in its earliest forms among teachers at any point in their careers but particularly among teacher candidates and early-career teachers. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to investigate how six teacher candidates perceived their own emergent teacher leadership as they completed yearlong clinical internships in a professional development school (PDS) in which teacher educators had established teacher leadership development as a formalized expectation for all teacher candidates. Thematic analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that although the teacher candidates maintained aspirations for future teacher leadership, they struggled throughout their internships with feelings of illegitimacy as teacher leaders and with skepticism toward the PDS’s expectations for teacher leadership – even as they gradually began to describe their engagement in leadership practices throughout the PDS. Teacher candidates reported leading when they were included within PDS decision-making processes and when they created their own leadership opportunities by taking the initiative and by gathering others to share ideas and to learn together through practitioner inquiry. The findings suggest that teacher educators could promote emergent teacher leadership by assisting teacher candidates in connecting the practices of practitioner inquiry with leadership opportunities and practices.
摘要:新兴教师领导力是一个新概念,指的是教师在职业生涯的任何阶段,特别是在教师候选人和早期教师中最早形成的教师领导力。这项定性研究使用半结构化访谈来调查六名教师候选人在专业发展学校(PDS)完成为期一年的临床实习时,如何看待自己的新兴教师领导力。在该学校,教师教育工作者将教师领导力发展确立为对所有教师候选人的正式期望。对面试记录的专题分析表明,尽管教师候选人对未来的教师领导能力保持着渴望,在实习期间,他们一直在为自己作为教师领导者的非法性和对PDS对教师领导力的期望持怀疑态度而挣扎——尽管他们逐渐开始描述自己在PDS中参与领导力实践的情况。当教师候选人被纳入PDS决策过程时,以及当他们通过采取主动和召集他人分享想法并通过从业者询问共同学习来创造自己的领导机会时,他们都报告了自己的领导能力。研究结果表明,教师教育者可以通过帮助教师候选人将从业者探究的实践与领导力机会和实践联系起来,来促进教师的新兴领导力。
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引用次数: 4
Engaging the Reluctant Preservice Teacher Reader: Exploring Possible Selves with Literature Featuring Teachers 吸引不情愿的职前教师读者:用教师文学探索可能的自我
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2022.2060878
Shannon Tovey
ABSTRACT Teachers’ literacy identities inform how they teach reading. Only about half, however, view themselves as enthusiastic readers, and up to 40% have negative attitudes toward reading. The repercussions are great: not only do teachers who are unenthusiastic about reading produce uninspired students, but they also use fewer research-based reading strategies. Rooted in Storyworld Possible Selves (SPS) theory, the purpose of this study was to explore how and in what ways preservice teachers, identified as reluctant readers, might improve their attitudes and visions of themselves as reading teachers as a result of reading, reflecting upon, and engaging in discussion around fictional and autobiographic literature that featured teachers. Findings indicated that these experiences did seem to improve general attitudes toward reading, and resulted in a deeper understanding of themselves as readers and reading teachers. The study presents implications for teacher educators and provides delineation and a coding scheme for analyzing transformational responses to literature.
摘要教师的识字身份决定了他们如何教授阅读。然而,只有大约一半的人认为自己是热情的读者,多达40%的人对阅读持负面态度。其影响是巨大的:对阅读不热心的老师不仅培养出了缺乏灵感的学生,而且他们使用的基于研究的阅读策略也更少。本研究植根于故事世界可能的自我(SPS)理论,旨在探索被认定为不情愿读者的职前教师如何以及以何种方式,通过阅读、反思和参与以教师为主角的虚构和自传体文学的讨论,改善他们作为阅读教师的态度和愿景。研究结果表明,这些经历似乎确实改善了人们对阅读的普遍态度,并加深了对自己作为读者和阅读老师的理解。该研究为教师教育工作者提供了启示,并为分析对文献的转换反应提供了描述和编码方案。
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引用次数: 0
Uncovering Preservice Teachers’ Conceptions of Achievement and Accountability: Evidence from a Framed Field Experiment 职前教师成就与问责观念的揭示:来自有框架的实地实验的证据
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2022.2057372
Austin S. Jennings
ABSTRACT Contemporary research on preservice teachers’ data use opportunities, coursework, and interventions typically focuses on preservice teachers’ perceptions about data use comfort, confidence, and preparedness. Despite the contribution of such research to understanding the efficacy of approaches to teacher preparation, understanding preservice teachers’ underlying conceptions about data and data use is critical to responsive teacher preparation. However, these conceptions are elusive as preservice teachers do not routinely engage in authentic data use practices. In the present study, I develop a novel methodological approach for uncovering preservice teachers’ conceptions about data. Then, I use this framework to investigate how achievement classifications and accountability pressure manifest in preservice teachers’ instructional decision-making. Findings suggest preservice teachers have a general propensity for differentially allocating instructional resources to their lowest achieving students and respond to accountability pressure by shifting these resources toward students approaching proficiency criterion and those closest to achievement thresholds. Findings have implications for how teacher preparation programs may leverage preservice teachers’ conceptions as a foundation for the development of data literacy, iterative instructional improvement, professional inquiry, and accountable leadership.
摘要当代关于职前教师数据使用机会、课程和干预措施的研究通常侧重于职前教师对数据使用舒适度、信心和准备的看法。尽管这类研究有助于理解教师准备方法的有效性,但理解职前教师关于数据和数据使用的基本概念对于教师的反应性准备至关重要。然而,这些概念是难以捉摸的,因为职前教师并没有经常参与真实的数据使用实践。在本研究中,我提出了一种新的方法论方法来揭示职前教师对数据的概念。然后,我利用这个框架来研究成就分类和责任压力在职前教师教学决策中的表现。研究结果表明,职前教师普遍倾向于将教学资源差异化地分配给成绩最低的学生,并通过将这些资源转移给接近熟练程度标准和最接近成绩阈值的学生来应对问责压力。研究结果对教师准备计划如何利用职前教师的概念作为发展数据素养、迭代教学改进、专业探究和负责任领导的基础具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond “Good-Faith” Efforts: Diversifying the Faculty Ranks in Teacher Education through Equity-Conscious Recruitment Practices 超越“诚信”努力:通过注重公平的招聘实践使教师教育队伍多样化
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2022.2058641
R. Endo
ABSTRACT This autoethnographic cross-case study articulates a set of field-tested strategies, focusing on how White-dominated teacher-preparation programs (TPPs) could recruit a greater number of teacher educators who are Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) by actively designing, implementing, and modeling equity-conscious recruitment practices. The conceptual framework describes the instrumental value that BIPOC teacher educators bring to Predominantly White Institutions (PWIs) by drawing on a sociocultural assets-based view of racially diverse professionals in historically White settings. Methods involved a directed approach to content analysis of 50 search-related documents across 10 faculty searches that the author facilitated between the years 2009–2018 that led to all-BIPOC hires. The findings focus on three major milestones during a typical faculty search with an emphasis on the contexts of TPPs: (a) planning for equitable and inclusive practices from start to finish through a model of shared accountability, (b) encouraging search committees to actively engage in innovative approaches to recruitment, including traditional and non-traditional strategies, and (c) supporting stakeholders, such as committee members and voting faculty who have direct or indirect decision-making power in faculty searches, in reducing cognitive errors throughout the evaluation and selection process. Implications are offered for practice and theory.
摘要:这项民族志交叉案例研究阐述了一套经过实地测试的策略,重点关注白人主导的教师准备项目(TPP)如何通过积极设计、实施和建模注重公平的招聘实践,招聘更多黑人、土著和有色人种(BIPOC)教师教育工作者。该概念框架描述了BIPOC教师教育工作者通过借鉴历史上白人环境中种族多样的专业人员基于社会文化资产的观点,为白人占主导地位的机构(PWI)带来的工具价值。方法涉及一种直接的方法,对作者在2009-2018年间促成的10名教师搜索中的50份搜索相关文件进行内容分析,该搜索导致了BIPOC的所有招聘。研究结果集中在典型的教师招聘过程中的三个主要里程碑上,重点是TPP的背景:(a)通过共享问责制的模式从头到尾规划公平和包容性的做法,(b)鼓励招聘委员会积极参与创新的招聘方法,包括传统和非传统战略,以及(c)支持利益相关者,如委员会成员和在师资搜寻中拥有直接或间接决策权的投票教师,在整个评估和选拔过程中减少认知错误。对实践和理论都有启示。
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引用次数: 0
Sensible or Stifled: What Public-school Teachers Know about Their First Amendment Speech Protections in the Classroom 明智还是窒息:公立学校教师对第一修正案在课堂上的言论保护的了解
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2021.1997833
Kelly Siegel-Stechler, P. Callahan
ABSTRACT An increasing number of school districts encourage discussion of current events in classrooms. However, teachers’ ability and willingness to manage these conversations may be hampered by concerns about what they are or are not allowed to disclose, especially because their First Amendment speech protections do not fully extend into the classroom. We conducted a survey of public-school teachers to identify what they know about their rights, and how that relates to their teaching practice. Results suggest that although most teachers regularly discuss current events in the classroom, teacher legal literacy is relatively low. Teachers are generally uninformed about both caselaw relating to free speech for public employees, and district policies relating to classroom discussion. Despite this gap in legal literacy, teachers are most likely to turn to their peers for information, which leaves room for teachers to unknowingly cross the line between protected and unprotected speech in the classroom, and potentially face significant consequences as a result.
越来越多的学区鼓励在课堂上讨论时事。然而,教师管理这些对话的能力和意愿可能会因为担心他们可以或不可以透露什么而受到阻碍,特别是因为他们的第一修正案言论保护并没有完全延伸到课堂上。我们对公立学校的教师进行了一项调查,以确定他们对自己的权利了解多少,以及这与他们的教学实践有什么关系。结果表明,尽管大多数教师经常在课堂上讨论时事,但教师的法律素养相对较低。教师通常不了解与公共雇员言论自由有关的判例法,以及与课堂讨论有关的地区政策。尽管在法律素养方面存在这种差距,但教师最有可能向同龄人寻求信息,这就给教师在课堂上不知不觉地跨越受保护和不受保护言论的界限留下了空间,并可能因此面临严重后果。
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引用次数: 0
Mirror of Mind: Eliciting Critical Reflections in Preservice and Novice Teachers 心灵之镜:在《保存》和《新手教师》中引发批判性反思
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2022.2036268
Dianna Gahlsdorf Terrell, Diana Sherman
ABSTRACT This qualitative case study responds to calls for research on the ways critical reflection develops in preservice and novice teachers. While evaluating capacity to reflect is a dominant practice in teacher education, few studies explore empirically how different factors impact teachers’ reflection. Building from earlier research that conceptualized a typology that included four levels of reflective thinking, this study explores how different factors spur the highest form of reflection identified by the literature, critical reflection, through a multi-method approach involving several sets of data across nine cases of learning to teach. Findings from within-case analyses suggest some habits of critical reflection transfer across contexts, while others appear to be contextually dependent. Shifts in teaching contexts and elicitation practices appear to drive the quality and quantity of critical reflection suggesting that some habits of reflection can be elicited and reinforced by teacher educators regardless of context.
本定性案例研究回应了对职前教师和新手教师批判性反思发展方式的研究呼吁。尽管评估反思能力是教师教育中的一种主要做法,但很少有研究从经验上探讨不同因素如何影响教师的反思。本研究建立在早期研究的基础上,该研究概念化了一种包括四个层次的反思思维的类型学,探讨了不同因素如何通过涉及九个学习教学案例的多组数据的多方法方法激发文献中确定的最高形式的反思,即批判性反思。案例内部分析的结果表明,一些批判性反思的习惯会在不同的背景下转移,而另一些则似乎依赖于背景。教学情境和启发实践的转变似乎推动了批判性反思的质量和数量,这表明教师教育者可以在不考虑情境的情况下激发和强化一些反思习惯。
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引用次数: 1
An Analysis of the Questions Elementary Education Teacher Candidates Pose to Elicit Mathematical Thinking 基础教育教师考生数学思维引出问题分析
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-09 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2021.2020696
Madelyn W. Colonnese, Luke T. Reinke, Drew Polly
ABSTRACT This paper describes the findings of a study that examined the questions elementary education teacher candidates (TCs) posed while facilitating a number talk or a discussion about a word problem with elementary school students. The TCs in this study were undergraduates participating in a practice-based mathematics pedagogy/methods course designed to provide multiple experiences unpacking, planning, and rehearsing pedagogies focused on eliciting students’ mathematical thinking. Recordings of the TCs facilitating a discussion were analyzed using two different frameworks: question types from the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) Principles to Action and components of eliciting students’ thinking. Findings indicate varied levels of questions across participants, but showed that some TCs were able to pose question types aimed at effectively eliciting students’ mathematical thinking. Implications for future studies include further examination about how to increase TCs’ enactment of effective questions in classrooms after practice-based teacher education activities.
摘要本文描述了一项研究的结果,该研究考察了小学教育教师候选人在与小学生进行数字对话或讨论单词问题时提出的问题。本研究中的TC是参加以实践为基础的数学教育学/方法课程的本科生,该课程旨在提供多种经验,对专注于激发学生数学思维的教学法进行开箱、规划和排练。使用两个不同的框架分析了促进讨论的TC的记录:从国家数学教师委员会(NCTM)原则到行动的问题类型和激发学生思维的组成部分。研究结果表明,参与者的问题水平各不相同,但表明一些TC能够提出旨在有效激发学生数学思维的问题类型。对未来研究的启示包括进一步研究如何在基于实践的教师教育活动后增加教师在课堂上提出有效问题。
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引用次数: 0
Preservice Teachers’ Mental Health: Using Student Voice to Inform Pedagogical, Programmatic, and Curricular Change 职前教师的心理健康:利用学生的声音通知教学、计划和课程的改变
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-14 DOI: 10.1080/01626620.2021.1997832
M. Ressler, Cynthia Apantenco, L. Wexler, Kathleen King
ABSTRACT The purpose of the study is to analyze the role preservice teachers’ mental health plays in their development during teacher preparation programs and the role of teacher preparation programs in preservice teachers’ mental health journeys. Using an ethic of care theoretical approach, a within-method triangulation designwas utilized with interviews, focus groups, and surveys in a qualitative study with 33 participants in order to more fully understand student participant perspectives. The major findings included the need to better normalize mental healthcare, the demand preservice teachers face preparing for a helping profession, and the importance of providing an environment in which care and self-care can be better developed.
摘要本研究的目的是分析职前教师的心理健康在教师准备项目中对其发展的作用,以及教师准备项目在职前教师心理健康旅程中的作用。在一项有33名参与者的定性研究中,采用了护理伦理理论方法,通过访谈、焦点小组和调查,采用了方法内三角测量设计,以更全面地理解学生参与者的观点。主要发现包括需要更好地使心理健康正常化,职前教师在准备从事帮助职业时面临的需求,以及提供一个可以更好地发展护理和自我护理的环境的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
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Action in Teacher Education
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