Pub Date : 2021-08-17DOI: 10.22034/JCEE.2021.44701.2010
Mehdi Fazeli, Mehdi Sharifzadeh, Hoda Bolouki
جهت جلوگیری از بروز مشکلات آینده در سامانه‌‌های زهکشی شهری، باید اثرات تغییر اقلیم بر هیدرولوژی و تشدید احتمالی چرخه هیدرولوژیکی در نظر گرفته شود. منحنیهای شدت-مدت-فراوانی بارش، ابزاری استاندارد جهت تجزیه و تحلیل ریسک هیدرولوژیکی و طراحی هستند. هدف مطالعه حاضر، استخراج منحنی-ها در شرایط تغییر اقلیم با استفاده از تئوری فرکتال در ایستگاه بوشهر است. با تبعیت کردن بیشینه شدت بارش از رفتار مونوفرکتالی، منحنی‌ها برای گذشته (1982-2019) استخراج شدند. جهت به‌دست آوردن داده‌های بیشینه شدت بارش در آینده ابتدا عملکرد دو مدل ریزمقیاس نمایی آماری LARS-WG و SDSM در شبیه‌سازی بیشینه بارش روزانه با استفاده از شاخص‌های R^2، RMSE، MAE و NSE بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد مدل LARS-WG از دقت بالاتری برخوردار است. سپس منحنی‌ها برای آینده (2021-2058) استخراج شدند. مقایسه منحنیهای گذشته و آینده نشان داد که منحنیهای مربوط به داده‌های آینده تحت سناریوی RCP4.5 در همه دوره بازگشت‌ها دارای افزایش بوده و تحت سناریوی RCP8.5، به جز در دوره بازگشت 2 سال، در باقی دوره بازگشت‌ها افزایش داشته است. در مجموع میانگین منحنی‌ها %26.20 تحت سناریوی RCP4.5 و % 9.48 تحت سناریوی RCP8.5 افزایش داشته است.
{"title":"استخراج منحنیهای شدت-مدت-فراوانی به کمک نظریه فرکتال و ارزیابی اثر تغییر اقلیم بر آن (مطالعه موردی: بوشهر)","authors":"Mehdi Fazeli, Mehdi Sharifzadeh, Hoda Bolouki","doi":"10.22034/JCEE.2021.44701.2010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEE.2021.44701.2010","url":null,"abstract":"جهت جلوگیری از بروز مشکلات آینده در سامانه‌‌های زهکشی شهری، باید اثرات تغییر اقلیم بر هیدرولوژی و تشدید احتمالی چرخه هیدرولوژیکی در نظر گرفته شود. منحنیهای شدت-مدت-فراوانی بارش، ابزاری استاندارد جهت تجزیه و تحلیل ریسک هیدرولوژیکی و طراحی هستند. هدف مطالعه حاضر، استخراج منحنی-ها در شرایط تغییر اقلیم با استفاده از تئوری فرکتال در ایستگاه بوشهر است. با تبعیت کردن بیشینه شدت بارش از رفتار مونوفرکتالی، منحنی‌ها برای گذشته (1982-2019) استخراج شدند. جهت به‌دست آوردن داده‌های بیشینه شدت بارش در آینده ابتدا عملکرد دو مدل ریزمقیاس نمایی آماری LARS-WG و SDSM در شبیه‌سازی بیشینه بارش روزانه با استفاده از شاخص‌های R^2، RMSE، MAE و NSE بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد مدل LARS-WG از دقت بالاتری برخوردار است. سپس منحنی‌ها برای آینده (2021-2058) استخراج شدند. مقایسه منحنیهای گذشته و آینده نشان داد که منحنیهای مربوط به داده‌های آینده تحت سناریوی RCP4.5 در همه دوره بازگشت‌ها دارای افزایش بوده و تحت سناریوی RCP8.5، به جز در دوره بازگشت 2 سال، در باقی دوره بازگشت‌ها افزایش داشته است. در مجموع میانگین منحنی‌ها %26.20 تحت سناریوی RCP4.5 و % 9.48 تحت سناریوی RCP8.5 افزایش داشته است.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81713763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.22034/JCEE.2021.45190.2021
Mehdi Derakhshannia, M. Ghomshi, S. Eslamian
Sedimentation in reservoirs is one of the most important factors in reducing the useful life of large dams. The main factor in moving sediments is density currents, so that researchers in recent years have proposed various solutions to control these flows, the use of obstacles is known as one of the most effective solutions. By understanding the function of these currents and the factors affecting them, an effective step can be taken to control or eliminate them. Therefore, in this study, the effect of changes in the height of the permeable obstacle with a diameter of one centimeter under the influence of various parameters has been investigated. Thus, changes in obstacle height (1, 1.5 and 2 times the body of density current), discharge (1, 1.5 and 2 lit/sec), concentration (10 and 15 gr/lit), slope (0/75, 1/25 and 0/75%) was examined. The results showed that the three parameters of slope, concentration and discharge in this study are the factors affecting the flow moment and with increasing each of these parameters, the efficiency of obstacles with dimensional ratio of height 1 and 1.5 decreases , However, in the obstacle with a dimensionless ratio of height 2, the performance of the obstacle is improved, so that when the current collides with the obstacle, a lot of turbulence is created, which causes a significant reduction of the density current head, so that the average rate of head flux reduction The dimensional ratios of 1, 1.5 and 2 times were about 32, 45, 92%, respectively.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of gabion-shaped obstacles on sedimentation","authors":"Mehdi Derakhshannia, M. Ghomshi, S. Eslamian","doi":"10.22034/JCEE.2021.45190.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEE.2021.45190.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Sedimentation in reservoirs is one of the most important factors in reducing the useful life of large dams. The main factor in moving sediments is density currents, so that researchers in recent years have proposed various solutions to control these flows, the use of obstacles is known as one of the most effective solutions. By understanding the function of these currents and the factors affecting them, an effective step can be taken to control or eliminate them. Therefore, in this study, the effect of changes in the height of the permeable obstacle with a diameter of one centimeter under the influence of various parameters has been investigated. Thus, changes in obstacle height (1, 1.5 and 2 times the body of density current), discharge (1, 1.5 and 2 lit/sec), concentration (10 and 15 gr/lit), slope (0/75, 1/25 and 0/75%) was examined. The results showed that the three parameters of slope, concentration and discharge in this study are the factors affecting the flow moment and with increasing each of these parameters, the efficiency of obstacles with dimensional ratio of height 1 and 1.5 decreases , However, in the obstacle with a dimensionless ratio of height 2, the performance of the obstacle is improved, so that when the current collides with the obstacle, a lot of turbulence is created, which causes a significant reduction of the density current head, so that the average rate of head flux reduction The dimensional ratios of 1, 1.5 and 2 times were about 32, 45, 92%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88526182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.22034/JCEE.2021.44669.2007
M. Dini, Amin Mohammadikaleibar, Vahid Nourani, Saeed Hashemi
In this paper, first, the uncertainty of key input parameters such as pipe diameter and roughness and also nodal demand was generated and then they were simultaneously applied to the model, and the hydraulic performance (NPRI index) of the network was evaluated. By defining network performance levels based on network reliability, probabilistic zoning maps were obtained hourly all day long and yearly in the operational period. For this purpose, the MCS method was used to simulate the parameter uncertainty, and the EPANET software was used to simulate the hydraulic performance of the network by programming in MATLAB. The study was performed on the Kaleybar WDN using different values of the Coefficient of Variation (CV). The results of yearly probabilistic zoning maps of the network showed that in the cases with a CV value of 10 and 20 percent, the network had an acceptable service level with a higher probability in the 23rd and 20th years respectively. In general, the study of hydraulic zoning maps of the network at different hours during a day and in different years during the operation period makes it possible to decide on the implementation of operational plans or reconstruction and renovation and also determine the critical operational years.
{"title":"Probabilistic zoning of hydraulic performance of water distribution network by applying key parameter uncertainty","authors":"M. Dini, Amin Mohammadikaleibar, Vahid Nourani, Saeed Hashemi","doi":"10.22034/JCEE.2021.44669.2007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEE.2021.44669.2007","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, first, the uncertainty of key input parameters such as pipe diameter and roughness and also nodal demand was generated and then they were simultaneously applied to the model, and the hydraulic performance (NPRI index) of the network was evaluated. By defining network performance levels based on network reliability, probabilistic zoning maps were obtained hourly all day long and yearly in the operational period. For this purpose, the MCS method was used to simulate the parameter uncertainty, and the EPANET software was used to simulate the hydraulic performance of the network by programming in MATLAB. The study was performed on the Kaleybar WDN using different values of the Coefficient of Variation (CV). The results of yearly probabilistic zoning maps of the network showed that in the cases with a CV value of 10 and 20 percent, the network had an acceptable service level with a higher probability in the 23rd and 20th years respectively. In general, the study of hydraulic zoning maps of the network at different hours during a day and in different years during the operation period makes it possible to decide on the implementation of operational plans or reconstruction and renovation and also determine the critical operational years.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75890390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-08DOI: 10.22034/JCEE.2021.12458.1327
M. Gerami
Passing three decades of research and studies on composite frames made of continuous steel beam and concrete column (RCS frames), its has been proven that these frames show good performance in high-risk seismic zones. Presenting an appropriate arrangement from RCS connection components has always been a matter of concern for the engineering community. In the draft of ASCE 2015 code concerning RCS connectins, in a list proposed for the components of this connection, refer is made to the double plates placed in the web of the steel beam. This article would investigate the effect of double plate thickness placed in the web of the steel beam, on the performance of RCS connection and using a finite element modeling framework which has been previously validated through laboratory studies, would demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages associated with application of these plates. The results of this investigation show that the use of double plates, would considerably increase participation of the mechanisms corresponding to the internal and external concrete panel zones in the strength of the connection.
{"title":"Evaluation of doubler plates effects on shear bearing behavior of RCS connections","authors":"M. Gerami","doi":"10.22034/JCEE.2021.12458.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEE.2021.12458.1327","url":null,"abstract":"Passing three decades of research and studies on composite frames made of continuous steel beam and concrete column (RCS frames), its has been proven that these frames show good performance in high-risk seismic zones. Presenting an appropriate arrangement from RCS connection components has always been a matter of concern for the engineering community. In the draft of ASCE 2015 code concerning RCS connectins, in a list proposed for the components of this connection, refer is made to the double plates placed in the web of the steel beam. This article would investigate the effect of double plate thickness placed in the web of the steel beam, on the performance of RCS connection and using a finite element modeling framework which has been previously validated through laboratory studies, would demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages associated with application of these plates. The results of this investigation show that the use of double plates, would considerably increase participation of the mechanisms corresponding to the internal and external concrete panel zones in the strength of the connection.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82552369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
دوربرگردان، به عنوان ابزاری مهم و غیرمتعارف برای بهبود عملکرد بزرگراه‌ها به کار می‌رود. در برخی شهرهای ایران، دوربرگردان با طرحی متفاوت از انواع مشابه خود، به منظور روانی تردد بزرگراه‌ها، جایگزین چراغ راهنمایی شد. تحقیقات پیشین برای ارزیابی عملکرد دوربرگردان، نتایجی همسو نداشت چون تحلیل‌ها روش‌مند نبوده، ارزیابی در دوره اوج و غیر اوج انجام نشده، برآیند دو اثر حذف چراغ و پیمودن مسافت اضافه برای دور زدن به صورت همزمان بررسی نشده است. بنابراین، پروژه‌ای مطالعاتی برای ارزیابی عملکرد دوربرگردان تعریف شد. برای مقایسه، از شبیه‌سازی تقاطع چراغ‌دار و مدلسازی ریاضی زمان و سرعت سفر حرکات دوربرگردان بهره‌برداری شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد برای کل تقاطع در دوره تردد سنگین و متوسط، دوربرگردان سرعت سفر خودروها را تقریبا (km/h)20 افزایش، ولی در دوره تردد سبک، سرعت را (km/h)10 کاهش می‌دهد. هر چه نسبت حجم گردشی به حجم مستقیم رو بزرگراه افزایش یابد، دور برگردان توان بیشتری در افزایش روانی تردد بزرگراه دارد. در تقاطع باقری-گلبرگ و باقری-رسالت (در تهران)، مصرف سوخت روزانه به ترتیب 1623 و 4244 لیتر کاهش مییابد. تقاطع دارای دوربرگردان، تولید روزانه آلایندههای CO و HC را کاهش و تولید NOX را افزایش می‌دهد. دوربرگردان، در دوره تردد سنگین و متوسط دارای عملکرد ترافیکی بهتر؛ ولی در دوره تردد سبک عملکرد آن منفی هست. ممکن است دوربرگردان اثرات منفی (نظیر افزایش مصرف سوخت) بر خوردوهای معبر فرعی داشته باشد. احتمال برخورد با اجزاء هندسی دوربرگردان بالاست. این تحلیل مطابق با مطالعات پیشین هست که بیان می‌دارد تعداد کل تصادفات در دوربرگردان‌ها 2/13 درصد افزایش مییابد.
{"title":"مقایسه عملکرد ترافیکی، مصرف سوخت، و آلایندگی تقاطع دارای چراغ و دوربرگردان در بزرگراههای شش-خطه","authors":"عبدالاحد چوپانی","doi":"10.22034/JCEE.2019.9084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEE.2019.9084","url":null,"abstract":"دوربرگردان، به عنوان ابزاری مهم و غیرمتعارف برای بهبود عملکرد بزرگراه‌ها به کار می‌رود. در برخی شهرهای ایران، دوربرگردان با طرحی متفاوت از انواع مشابه خود، به منظور روانی تردد بزرگراه‌ها، جایگزین چراغ راهنمایی شد. تحقیقات پیشین برای ارزیابی عملکرد دوربرگردان، نتایجی همسو نداشت چون تحلیل‌ها روش‌مند نبوده، ارزیابی در دوره اوج و غیر اوج انجام نشده، برآیند دو اثر حذف چراغ و پیمودن مسافت اضافه برای دور زدن به صورت همزمان بررسی نشده است. بنابراین، پروژه‌ای مطالعاتی برای ارزیابی عملکرد دوربرگردان تعریف شد. برای مقایسه، از شبیه‌سازی تقاطع چراغ‌دار و مدلسازی ریاضی زمان و سرعت سفر حرکات دوربرگردان بهره‌برداری شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد برای کل تقاطع در دوره تردد سنگین و متوسط، دوربرگردان سرعت سفر خودروها را تقریبا (km/h)20 افزایش، ولی در دوره تردد سبک، سرعت را (km/h)10 کاهش می‌دهد. هر چه نسبت حجم گردشی به حجم مستقیم رو بزرگراه افزایش یابد، دور برگردان توان بیشتری در افزایش روانی تردد بزرگراه دارد. در تقاطع باقری-گلبرگ و باقری-رسالت (در تهران)، مصرف سوخت روزانه به ترتیب 1623 و 4244 لیتر کاهش مییابد. تقاطع دارای دوربرگردان، تولید روزانه آلایندههای CO و HC را کاهش و تولید NOX را افزایش می‌دهد. دوربرگردان، در دوره تردد سنگین و متوسط دارای عملکرد ترافیکی بهتر؛ ولی در دوره تردد سبک عملکرد آن منفی هست. ممکن است دوربرگردان اثرات منفی (نظیر افزایش مصرف سوخت) بر خوردوهای معبر فرعی داشته باشد. احتمال برخورد با اجزاء هندسی دوربرگردان بالاست. این تحلیل مطابق با مطالعات پیشین هست که بیان می‌دارد تعداد کل تصادفات در دوربرگردان‌ها 2/13 درصد افزایش مییابد.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82957241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-16DOI: 10.22034/JCEE.2021.37135.1902
Mehdi Gholikhany, K. Badv
In most studies, the increase in hydraulic conductivity with temperature has been considered due to the decrease in viscosity of fluid (Habibagahi, 1977; Cho et al., 1999; Delage et al., 2011). However, the changes of hydraulic conductivity with temperature are not only influenced by the changes of water properties, but also by thermal effect on soil-water interaction at microstructure level (Towhata et al., 1993; Romero et al., 2001; Villar and Lloret, 2004). In the present study, results of temperature effects on the hydraulic conductivity of compacted clay from Nazlou region of Urmia City (Iran), and geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) are presented. In this research experiments were conducted by flexible-wall triaxial permeability apparatus. In order to increase the temperature of permeability cell to a desired level, a heater and a temperature sensor was used. Results showed that by increasing the temperature, the viscosity of fluid decreases, the soil pore size increases, cross section of effective flow increases and hence, the soil hydraulic conductivity increases. Increasing the effective stress causes the rate of increase in soil permeability due to temperature to decrease. Results showed that temperature increase does not have significant effect on the hydraulic conductivity increase of geosynthetic clay liners.
在大多数研究中，由于流体粘度的降低(Habibagahi, 1977;Cho et al.， 1999;Delage et al.， 2011)。然而，水导率随温度的变化不仅受到水性质变化的影响，还受到微观结构水平热效应对土-水相互作用的影响(Towhata et al.， 1993;Romero et al.， 2001;Villar and Lloret, 2004)。本文介绍了温度对伊朗乌尔米耶市纳兹鲁地区压实粘土和土工合成粘土衬里(GCL)的导流性能的影响。本研究采用柔性壁三轴渗透仪进行实验。为了使渗透电池的温度达到期望的水平，使用了加热器和温度传感器。结果表明:随着温度的升高，流体粘度降低，土壤孔隙尺寸增大，有效流量截面增大，土壤的导水系数增大;有效应力的增大使温度引起的土壤渗透性增加速率减小。结果表明，温度升高对土工合成粘土衬垫的水力导率提高没有显著影响。
{"title":"Effect of temperature on the hydraulic conductivity of compacted clayey soil and geosynthetic clay liner (GCL)","authors":"Mehdi Gholikhany, K. Badv","doi":"10.22034/JCEE.2021.37135.1902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEE.2021.37135.1902","url":null,"abstract":"In most studies, the increase in hydraulic conductivity with temperature has been considered due to the decrease in viscosity of fluid (Habibagahi, 1977; Cho et al., 1999; Delage et al., 2011). However, the changes of hydraulic conductivity with temperature are not only influenced by the changes of water properties, but also by thermal effect on soil-water interaction at microstructure level (Towhata et al., 1993; Romero et al., 2001; Villar and Lloret, 2004). In the present study, results of temperature effects on the hydraulic conductivity of compacted clay from Nazlou region of Urmia City (Iran), and geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) are presented. In this research experiments were conducted by flexible-wall triaxial permeability apparatus. In order to increase the temperature of permeability cell to a desired level, a heater and a temperature sensor was used. Results showed that by increasing the temperature, the viscosity of fluid decreases, the soil pore size increases, cross section of effective flow increases and hence, the soil hydraulic conductivity increases. Increasing the effective stress causes the rate of increase in soil permeability due to temperature to decrease. Results showed that temperature increase does not have significant effect on the hydraulic conductivity increase of geosynthetic clay liners.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85616479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-24DOI: 10.22034/JCEE.2021.20119.1498
مهدی کماسی, ندا قشلاقی, سروش شرقی
چالش منابع آب امروزه مشکل بسیاری از کشورهای خاورمیانه است و این واقعیت در مورد دریاچه ارومیه که تراز سطح آب آن، با توجه به تغییرات بارش، خشکسالی و سدسازی دچار تغییرات و نوسانات زیادی شده‌است، دارای اهمیت بیشتری می‌باشد. هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی قابلیت روش پویایی سیستم (SD) برای پیشبینی نوسانات سطح آب با استفاده از شبکه عصبی فازی تطبیقی موجکی (WANFIS) می‌باشد. به همین دلیل، یک مدل شبیه‌سازی بر پایه پویایی سیستم برای حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه توسعه داده شد. سپس، برای پیشبینی سطح آب، عوامل موثر بر آن مانند بارش، دبی و تبخیر با استفاده از مدل WANFIS پیشبینی شده و نتایج حاصل از پیشبینی وارد مدل پویایی سیستم می‌گردد و سپس سطح آب محاسبه می‌شود. نتایج مدلسازی نشان داد که مدل ترکیبی پویایی سیستم و شبکه عصبی فازی تطبیقی موجکی (SD-WANFIS) دارای عملکرد مناسبی می‌باشد. مقادیر شاخص‌های آماری مانند جذر میانگین مربعات خطا و ضریب تبیین برای مدل ترکیبی پویایی سیستم و شبکه عصبی فازی موجکی در مرحله صحت سنجی به ترتیب 31/0 متر و 84/0 می‌باشد. درحالیکه این شاخص‌ها برای مدل جعبه سیاه خطی خود همبسته میانگین متحرک تلفیق شده (ARIMA) برابر 61/0 متر و 53/0 می‌باشند. این نتایج نشان داد که ترکیب این دو مدل SD و مدل فازی WANFIS جهت پیشبینی با دقت مناسب، مفید می‌باشد.
{"title":"پیشبینی تراز سطح آب با استفاده از مدل ترکیبی پویایی سیستم و شبکه عصبی فازی موجکی (مطالعه موردی دریاچه ارومیه)","authors":"مهدی کماسی, ندا قشلاقی, سروش شرقی","doi":"10.22034/JCEE.2021.20119.1498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEE.2021.20119.1498","url":null,"abstract":"چالش منابع آب امروزه مشکل بسیاری از کشورهای خاورمیانه است و این واقعیت در مورد دریاچه ارومیه که تراز سطح آب آن، با توجه به تغییرات بارش، خشکسالی و سدسازی دچار تغییرات و نوسانات زیادی شده‌است، دارای اهمیت بیشتری می‌باشد. هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی قابلیت روش پویایی سیستم (SD) برای پیشبینی نوسانات سطح آب با استفاده از شبکه عصبی فازی تطبیقی موجکی (WANFIS) می‌باشد. به همین دلیل، یک مدل شبیه‌سازی بر پایه پویایی سیستم برای حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه توسعه داده شد. سپس، برای پیشبینی سطح آب، عوامل موثر بر آن مانند بارش، دبی و تبخیر با استفاده از مدل WANFIS پیشبینی شده و نتایج حاصل از پیشبینی وارد مدل پویایی سیستم می‌گردد و سپس سطح آب محاسبه می‌شود. نتایج مدلسازی نشان داد که مدل ترکیبی پویایی سیستم و شبکه عصبی فازی تطبیقی موجکی (SD-WANFIS) دارای عملکرد مناسبی می‌باشد. مقادیر شاخص‌های آماری مانند جذر میانگین مربعات خطا و ضریب تبیین برای مدل ترکیبی پویایی سیستم و شبکه عصبی فازی موجکی در مرحله صحت سنجی به ترتیب 31/0 متر و 84/0 می‌باشد. درحالیکه این شاخص‌ها برای مدل جعبه سیاه خطی خود همبسته میانگین متحرک تلفیق شده (ARIMA) برابر 61/0 متر و 53/0 می‌باشند. این نتایج نشان داد که ترکیب این دو مدل SD و مدل فازی WANFIS جهت پیشبینی با دقت مناسب، مفید می‌باشد.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73251040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2165-784X.2021.11.400
M. Padmavathi, J. Divya, Madhav Mr
Ground improvement using PVDs or sand drains can significantly shorten the time for primary consolidation. In most cases, surcharge load is built over a period of time during which some consolidation occurs. In this study, a method is developed for the estimation of the coefficient of consolidation based on the degree of consolidation at the end of construction time for sand drain treated ground. The proposed method is used for the estimation of coefficient of consolidation for few test cases. Thus, it is possible to estimate the in situ coefficient of consolidation at early times from the observed time-settlement plots.
{"title":"Geotechnical Properties of Soft Improved Ground from insitu Time-Settlement Plots","authors":"M. Padmavathi, J. Divya, Madhav Mr","doi":"10.37421/2165-784X.2021.11.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/2165-784X.2021.11.400","url":null,"abstract":"Ground improvement using PVDs or sand drains can significantly shorten the time for primary consolidation. In most cases, surcharge load is built over a period of time during which some consolidation occurs. In this study, a method is developed for the estimation of the coefficient of consolidation based on the degree of consolidation at the end of construction time for sand drain treated ground. The proposed method is used for the estimation of coefficient of consolidation for few test cases. Thus, it is possible to estimate the in situ coefficient of consolidation at early times from the observed time-settlement plots.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90737958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2165-784X.2021.11.378
Sushma Pullela
The method of mathematically modelling a physical phenomenon involving fluid flow and solving it numerically using analytical prowess is known as computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Aerodynamics plays an important part in the manufacturing phase when an architect is tasked with developing a new vehicle, such as a winning racing car for the coming season. Aerodynamic processes, on the other hand, are difficult to quantify during the concept stage. Physical checks on product samples are typically the only way for an inventor to refine his designs.
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Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.37421/2165-784X.2021.11.401
Bethelhem Awoke, Mequanint Birhan Alem
The declining availability of fresh water has become a worldwide problem, which maintains the development of alternative, secondary quality water resources for agricultural use. Several studies recommend that give attention for selected crops that can tolerate a degree of water and salinity stresses when saline water is used for irrigation. In this study, the effects of different irrigation intervals at different salinity levels of irrigation water on Soybean yield and their impacts investigated using three irrigation intervals (I1 =3 days, I2=4 days and I3=5 days) with four salinity levels (S1=4 dSm-1, 5 dSm-1 and 6 dSm-1) in a factorial combination using CRD with three replications. The result showed that salinity, irrigation interval and their interaction were highly significance effects (p<0.001) on number of pod per plant, number of seed per plant and grain yield of Soybean. The highest number of pod number (88.33), grain yield (2.31 ton/ha) and number of seed per plant (172.33) was recorded from Soybean which was irrigated with the first salinity level, i.e., fresh water (S1) with irrigation interval one (3 days), S1I1; while the lowest pod number per plant (6.67), number of seed per plant (12.67) and minimum grin yield (0.034 ton/ha) was obtained from Soybean irrigated by salinity level four (S4) with 5 days irrigation interval (S4I3).
淡水资源的减少已成为一个世界性的问题，这一问题阻碍了农业利用的替代、二级优质水资源的开发。一些研究建议，当使用盐水进行灌溉时，应注意挑选出能够耐受一定程度的水和盐胁迫的作物。本研究采用3个重复的CRD因子组合，研究了不同灌溉水盐度水平下不同灌溉间隔对大豆产量的影响及其影响，采用4个盐度水平(S1=4 dSm-1、5 dSm-1和6 dSm-1)的3个灌溉间隔(I1 =3天、I2=4天和I3=5天)。结果表明，盐度、灌溉间隔及其互作对大豆单株荚果数、单株种子数和籽粒产量有极显著影响(p<0.001)。以第1盐度水平(即淡水(S1)，灌溉间隔1 (3 d)， S1I1)灌溉的大豆，录得最高的荚果数(88.33)、籽粒产量(2.31吨/公顷)和单株种子数(172.33);而盐度4级(S4)、灌溉间隔5 d (S4I3)灌溉的大豆单株荚果数最低(6.67)，单株种子数最低(12.67)，单株单粒产量最低(0.034 t /ha)。
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