Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.368
Dessalegn Mamaru
The global consumption of natural sand is very high, due to the extensive use of concrete or mortar. The fine and coarse aggregates generally occupy 60% to 75% concrete volume (70% to 85% by mass) and strongly influence the concrete’s fresh and hardened properties. Now a day’s sand is becoming a very scarce material. Natural sand deposits are being depleted and causing serious threats to the environment and society. The culture of using alternative ingredients to produce materials is weak in Ethiopia. Around Jimma town, quality sand is not readily available and it is transported from Worabe, Gambella, and Chewaka that needs high transportation costs. In this situation, research began for an inexpensive and easily available alternative material to natural sand. The main objective of this study was aimed to determine the fresh and hardened properties of C-25 concrete by replacing natural sand with manufactured sand in Jimma town. This experimental study was conducted by preparing three concrete cubes for each percentage replacement. The replacement was done at 0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%. According to this study, the slump values for the above percentage replacement were 48.91 mm, 45.23 mm, 38.98 mm, 32.56 mm, and 26.14 mm respectively. The compressive strengths were 27.08 MPa, 29.34 MPa, 31.25 MPa, 27.25 MPa, and 29.22 MPa, and the flexural strengths were 3.28 MPa, 3.35 MPa, 4.37 MPa, 3.26 MPa, and 4.26 MPa respectively. The maximum compressive strength was obtained at 40% replacement with the corresponding compressive and flexural strengths were 31.25 MPa and 4.37 MPa respectively. From this result it is concluded that manufactured sand can be used as natural sand partial and fully replacement
{"title":"Suitability of Crushed Manufactured Sand for Replacement of Natural River Sand to Produce C-25 Concrete","authors":"Dessalegn Mamaru","doi":"10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.368","url":null,"abstract":"The global consumption of natural sand is very high, due to the extensive use of concrete or mortar. The fine and coarse aggregates generally occupy 60% to 75% concrete volume (70% to 85% by mass) and strongly influence the concrete’s fresh and hardened properties. Now a day’s sand is becoming a very scarce material. Natural sand deposits are being depleted and causing serious threats to the environment and society. The culture of using alternative ingredients to produce materials is weak in Ethiopia. Around Jimma town, quality sand is not readily available and it is transported from Worabe, Gambella, and Chewaka that needs high transportation costs. In this situation, research began for an inexpensive and easily available alternative material to natural sand. The main objective of this study was aimed to determine the fresh and hardened properties of C-25 concrete by replacing natural sand with manufactured sand in Jimma town. This experimental study was conducted by preparing three concrete cubes for each percentage replacement. The replacement was done at 0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%. According to this study, the slump values for the above percentage replacement were 48.91 mm, 45.23 mm, 38.98 mm, 32.56 mm, and 26.14 mm respectively. The compressive strengths were 27.08 MPa, 29.34 MPa, 31.25 MPa, 27.25 MPa, and 29.22 MPa, and the flexural strengths were 3.28 MPa, 3.35 MPa, 4.37 MPa, 3.26 MPa, and 4.26 MPa respectively. The maximum compressive strength was obtained at 40% replacement with the corresponding compressive and flexural strengths were 31.25 MPa and 4.37 MPa respectively. From this result it is concluded that manufactured sand can be used as natural sand partial and fully replacement","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83708366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.364
Afaq Basheer Arabyat
The early years of childhood are of great importance because children's growth rate is high physically and intellectually. An ambience should be provided that allows children to use the best of their childhood. Most of public schools' kindergartens in Jordan were not actually meant to be a child care centre; this study has revealed that the quality of the physical and social environment affects child development in this education process, and that kindergartens have a major influence on child development since these are places where children spend most of their preschool time. In order to improve the conditions of the physical environment, designers can try to reach best design solutions, by getting children’s ideas about their educational environment. Data for this study were collected in library method, first investigates previous studies on designing kindergartens and children’s demands and their importance, and then investigates the IEQ of public kindergartens in Jordan "a kindergarten in As Salt -as a case study- ". The questions that the children were asked in this study aimed to learn children’s evaluations and expectations about their settings. The most important result reached in the study was the observation of the ability of 5 year-old (between 48-60 months of age) and 6 year-old (between 60-72 months of age) group of children to construct successful verbal statements about their physical environment by referring to their own experience. In short, this study has demonstrated that kindergarten design can be approached under three main headings, namely organization of the environment, selection of materials, and detail solutions, based on pre-schoolers’ experience.
{"title":"The Impact of the Quality Designed Learning Environment on a Child's Behavior in Kindergarten Stage","authors":"Afaq Basheer Arabyat","doi":"10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.364","url":null,"abstract":"The early years of childhood are of great importance because children's growth rate is high physically and intellectually. An ambience should be provided that allows children to use the best of their childhood. Most of public schools' kindergartens in Jordan were not actually meant to be a child care centre; this study has revealed that the quality of the physical and social environment affects child development in this education process, and that kindergartens have a major influence on child development since these are places where children spend most of their preschool time. In order to improve the conditions of the physical environment, designers can try to reach best design solutions, by getting children’s ideas about their educational environment. Data for this study were collected in library method, first investigates previous studies on designing kindergartens and children’s demands and their importance, and then investigates the IEQ of public kindergartens in Jordan \"a kindergarten in As Salt -as a case study- \". The questions that the children were asked in this study aimed to learn children’s evaluations and expectations about their settings. The most important result reached in the study was the observation of the ability of 5 year-old (between 48-60 months of age) and 6 year-old (between 60-72 months of age) group of children to construct successful verbal statements about their physical environment by referring to their own experience. In short, this study has demonstrated that kindergarten design can be approached under three main headings, namely organization of the environment, selection of materials, and detail solutions, based on pre-schoolers’ experience.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84415057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/jcde.2020.10.354
Sifatullah Bahij, Safiullah Omary, F. Feugeas, Amanullah Faqiri
In the last few decades, premature deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures has become a serious problem because of severe environmental actions, overloading, design faults, and materials deficiencies. Therefore, repair and strengthening of RC elements in existing structures are very important to extend their service life. There are numerous methods for retrofitting and strengthening of RC structural components such as; steel plate bonding, external pre-stressing, section enlargement, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping, and so on. Although these modifications can successfully improve the load-bearing capacity of the beams, they are still prone to corrosion damage resulting in failure of the strengthened elements. Therefore, many researchers used cementitious materials due to its low-cost, corrosion resistance, and resulted in the improvement of the tensile and fatigue behaviors. Different types of cementitious materials such as; fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), high performance concrete (HPC), high strength concrete (HSC), ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), steel fiber-reinforced high strength lightweight self-compacting concrete (SHLSCC), fabrics reinforced cementitious material (FRCM) and so on have been used to strengthen structural elements. This paper summarized previously published research papers concerning the structural behaviors of RC beams strengthened by different cementitious materials. Shear behaviors, flexural characteristics, torsional properties, deflection, cracking propagation, and twisting angle of the strengthened beams are explained in the present paper. Finally, proper methods are proposed for strengthening RC beams under various loading conditions.
{"title":"Structural Strengthening/Repair of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams by Different Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Materials - A State-of-the-Art Review","authors":"Sifatullah Bahij, Safiullah Omary, F. Feugeas, Amanullah Faqiri","doi":"10.37421/jcde.2020.10.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/jcde.2020.10.354","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few decades, premature deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures has become a serious problem because of severe environmental actions, overloading, design faults, and materials deficiencies. Therefore, repair and strengthening of RC elements in existing structures are very important to extend their service life. There are numerous methods for retrofitting and strengthening of RC structural components such as; steel plate bonding, external pre-stressing, section enlargement, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping, and so on. Although these modifications can successfully improve the load-bearing capacity of the beams, they are still prone to corrosion damage resulting in failure of the strengthened elements. Therefore, many researchers used cementitious materials due to its low-cost, corrosion resistance, and resulted in the improvement of the tensile and fatigue behaviors. Different types of cementitious materials such as; fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), high performance concrete (HPC), high strength concrete (HSC), ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), steel fiber-reinforced high strength lightweight self-compacting concrete (SHLSCC), fabrics reinforced cementitious material (FRCM) and so on have been used to strengthen structural elements. This paper summarized previously published research papers concerning the structural behaviors of RC beams strengthened by different cementitious materials. Shear behaviors, flexural characteristics, torsional properties, deflection, cracking propagation, and twisting angle of the strengthened beams are explained in the present paper. Finally, proper methods are proposed for strengthening RC beams under various loading conditions.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73389004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/JCCE.2020.10.359
B. Maheshbabu
Waste plastic and crumb rubber is an industrial by product; they possess the problem of disposal as waste and is of environmental concern. In the present era, demand for aggregate in construction industry is increasing rapidly and so, is the demand for cement concrete. Thus, these waste materials become important to seek suitable alternatives for aggregates in future development. My thesis will study the natural coarse aggregate were partially replaced with crumb rubber and waste plastic as aggregate at various proportions like 0, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% to find the optimum usage value of crumb rubber in concrete and the natural coarse aggregate is partially replaced with waste plastic at various proportions of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% in the obtained optimum value of concrete. Experiment was conducted on M40 grade concrete to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The results were compared with Traditional concrete.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties Investigation on M40 Grade Cement Concrete by Utilization of Waste Plastic and Crumbled Rubber","authors":"B. Maheshbabu","doi":"10.37421/JCCE.2020.10.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JCCE.2020.10.359","url":null,"abstract":"Waste plastic and crumb rubber is an industrial by product; they possess the problem of disposal as waste and is of environmental concern. In the present era, demand for aggregate in construction industry is increasing rapidly and so, is the demand for cement concrete. Thus, these waste materials become important to seek suitable alternatives for aggregates in future development. My thesis will study the natural coarse aggregate were partially replaced with crumb rubber and waste plastic as aggregate at various proportions like 0, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% to find the optimum usage value of crumb rubber in concrete and the natural coarse aggregate is partially replaced with waste plastic at various proportions of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% in the obtained optimum value of concrete. Experiment was conducted on M40 grade concrete to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The results were compared with Traditional concrete.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80090263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.342
Manjunath Sv
The Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering (ISSN: 2165-784X) is an international peer-reviewed journal that emphasizes multidisciplinary aspects of environmentally sustainable civil engineering mechanisms, practices, tools and techniques through its open-access platform. The journal represents a platform for the experts and emerging researchers to communicate their scientific knowledge related to fundamentals and advanced methodologies, tools and techniques in civil and environmental engineering.
{"title":"Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Editorial","authors":"Manjunath Sv","doi":"10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.342","url":null,"abstract":"The Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering (ISSN: 2165-784X) is an international peer-reviewed journal that emphasizes multidisciplinary aspects of environmentally sustainable civil engineering mechanisms, practices, tools and techniques through its open-access platform. The journal represents a platform for the experts and emerging researchers to communicate their scientific knowledge related to fundamentals and advanced methodologies, tools and techniques in civil and environmental engineering.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80128571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.361
P. Rajnivas, C. FreedaChristy, A. SelvaMugunthan, M. Saravanaperumal
Carbon dioxide is one of the major air pollutants into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is emitted more into the atmosphere because of combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) in cement production industry and many other industries and emissions from traffic congestions. Carbon-dioxide pollutes the air and the air pollution is the major threat faced by the present generation. Hence, there is a need to have an eco-friendly concrete which can absorb the carbon-dioxide from the atmosphere and reduces the air pollution. Therefore, a study has been carried out on the zeolite concrete for the enhancement of the mechanical properties and on the absorption of carbon sequestration in to the zeolite concrete.
{"title":"Effect of Zeolite in the Mechanical Properties of Concrete and its CO2 Absorption Characteristics to Form an Eco-Friendly Environment","authors":"P. Rajnivas, C. FreedaChristy, A. SelvaMugunthan, M. Saravanaperumal","doi":"10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.361","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide is one of the major air pollutants into the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is emitted more into the atmosphere because of combustion of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) in cement production industry and many other industries and emissions from traffic congestions. Carbon-dioxide pollutes the air and the air pollution is the major threat faced by the present generation. Hence, there is a need to have an eco-friendly concrete which can absorb the carbon-dioxide from the atmosphere and reduces the air pollution. Therefore, a study has been carried out on the zeolite concrete for the enhancement of the mechanical properties and on the absorption of carbon sequestration in to the zeolite concrete.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88751245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/jcde.2020.10.344
Habeeb Solihu
This research paper summarizes published research works on the suitability of cement as an effective chemical stabilizer to improve the strength and durability requirements of sand to be used as subgrade and base courses for rail track and road construction respectively. Advantages and problems associated with soil stabilization using chemicals have also been briefly discussed in this report. It has been confirmed that ordinary Portland cement is an effective chemical stabilizer to improve both the index and strength properties of soils, however, the optima percentage of cement contents are varied from a soil type to another. In addition, further research has to be carried out as the percentage of cement content varies from region to region and from soil characteristics to another. This is necessary so as to determine the optimum percentage of cement content that would yield the desired subgrade CBR values with some other index properties to meet the specified requirements in any selected design manual.
{"title":"Cement Soil Stabilization as an Improvement Technique for Rail Track Subgrade, and Highway Subbase and Base Courses: A Review","authors":"Habeeb Solihu","doi":"10.37421/jcde.2020.10.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/jcde.2020.10.344","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper summarizes published research works on the suitability of cement as an effective chemical stabilizer to improve the strength and durability requirements of sand to be used as subgrade and base courses for rail track and road construction respectively. Advantages and problems associated with soil stabilization using chemicals have also been briefly discussed in this report. It has been confirmed that ordinary Portland cement is an effective chemical stabilizer to improve both the index and strength properties of soils, however, the optima percentage of cement contents are varied from a soil type to another. In addition, further research has to be carried out as the percentage of cement content varies from region to region and from soil characteristics to another. This is necessary so as to determine the optimum percentage of cement content that would yield the desired subgrade CBR values with some other index properties to meet the specified requirements in any selected design manual.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75415953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.360
Akash Thakur, Deepak Bharti, J. Kumar, K. Kumar, Shubham Chitrans
We know that today pollution is a major problem for every country. Every engineer, scientist to find the solution of this problem. Pollution like water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution these pollution harmful to effect the environment, human being and wild life or ecosystem. It also affects the aquatic life and parameter of water. The air pollutant is directly affect the surface water & these changes in pH, turbidity, BOD, COD, chloride and alkalinity of the water, increase the fluoride & high concentration of sulphates. Some anthropogenic activity affecting water quality include due to fertilizers, manures & pesticides, animal activity, irrigation, deforestation pollution due to industrial effluents and domestic waste, mining and recreation activities. It is injurious to our health. In air pollution the smoke particle is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic particles like soot, smoke liquid droplets, and aerosol. Less than 10 mm particle size is very serious of human being they can get deep into your lungs & blood streams. In our study to check the water quality test of local canal it is a part of ganga river we have selected three point (Meerut, Muradnagar, Masuri, Bulandsher) of this canal and test the water or to compare the standard parameter.
{"title":"Effects of Air Pollutants on Surface Water Contamination","authors":"Akash Thakur, Deepak Bharti, J. Kumar, K. Kumar, Shubham Chitrans","doi":"10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/JCDE.2020.10.360","url":null,"abstract":"We know that today pollution is a major problem for every country. Every engineer, scientist to find the solution of this problem. Pollution like water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution these pollution harmful to effect the environment, human being and wild life or ecosystem. It also affects the aquatic life and parameter of water. The air pollutant is directly affect the surface water & these changes in pH, turbidity, BOD, COD, chloride and alkalinity of the water, increase the fluoride & high concentration of sulphates. Some anthropogenic activity affecting water quality include due to fertilizers, manures & pesticides, animal activity, irrigation, deforestation pollution due to industrial effluents and domestic waste, mining and recreation activities. It is injurious to our health. In air pollution the smoke particle is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic particles like soot, smoke liquid droplets, and aerosol. Less than 10 mm particle size is very serious of human being they can get deep into your lungs & blood streams. In our study to check the water quality test of local canal it is a part of ganga river we have selected three point (Meerut, Muradnagar, Masuri, Bulandsher) of this canal and test the water or to compare the standard parameter.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73035531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/jcde.2020.10.346
A. A. Shmeleva, V. N. Ivanov
At the classical literature of the design of the shell there is used the coordinated system of the middle surfaces of principle curvatures or common non-orthogonal coordinate system. The system of equations of the shells of complex forms is complicated and it’s difficult to receive the analytical decision. For analyses of the shells with non-orthogonal coordinate system and the most shells of complex form in the coordinate system of principle curvatures there is used usually finite element method which usually uses only the equation of the surface but don’t take into account the geometrical characteristics of the middle surfaces of the shell. At the chair of strength of materials and constructions of Engineering Academy RUDN there is worked up the complex program VRMSHELL for analyses of the shells of complex forms by variation-difference method. The complex includes the library of curves on the base of which there are calculated the geometrical characteristics of the classes of the surfaces included at the program complex. The complex includes the classes of surfaces as cylindrical, surfaces of rotation, Joachimsthal’s surfaces, Monge’s surfaces. The coordinate system of surfaces of these classes is the coordinate system of principle curvatures.
{"title":"The Variation-Difference Method of Design of Shells with Normal Unconjugated Coordinate System and Design of Some Type of Surfaces for Checking of the Correction of the Program","authors":"A. A. Shmeleva, V. N. Ivanov","doi":"10.37421/jcde.2020.10.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/jcde.2020.10.346","url":null,"abstract":"At the classical literature of the design of the shell there is used the coordinated system of the middle surfaces of principle curvatures or common non-orthogonal coordinate system. The system of equations of the shells of complex forms is complicated and it’s difficult to receive the analytical decision. For analyses of the shells with non-orthogonal coordinate system and the most shells of complex form in the coordinate system of principle curvatures there is used usually finite element method which usually uses only the equation of the surface but don’t take into account the geometrical characteristics of the middle surfaces of the shell. At the chair of strength of materials and constructions of Engineering Academy RUDN there is worked up the complex program VRMSHELL for analyses of the shells of complex forms by variation-difference method. The complex includes the library of curves on the base of which there are calculated the geometrical characteristics of the classes of the surfaces included at the program complex. The complex includes the classes of surfaces as cylindrical, surfaces of rotation, Joachimsthal’s surfaces, Monge’s surfaces. The coordinate system of surfaces of these classes is the coordinate system of principle curvatures.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79971245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37421/jcde.2020.10.350
Zaid.M Al-Zrigat
In the last two decades, many developed countries such as America and developing countries such as Jordan have undergone extensive privatization of public spaces, which has been expressed by intensive and modern construction of resident societies where this process can be observed in many cities that apply the principles of policies and neoliberal and modern theories in engineering Architecture, which in turn affected the support and expansion of capital for the higher social classes and the weakening of the welfare of the poor social classes as part of the globalization processes. My research method will focus extensively on the relationship of politics and beauty in architecture through a comparative study based on an analysis of the influence of architectural characteristics of neoliberal and modern theories before and after World War I and II on the formation of buildings that in turn affect the city, society, or region. The architect criticizes the role of globalization, politics, and economics as an important factor in architecture development processes.
{"title":"The Impact of Globalization on Neoliberal Architecture: How Modern Architecture has become a Tool for Control and Compliance","authors":"Zaid.M Al-Zrigat","doi":"10.37421/jcde.2020.10.350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37421/jcde.2020.10.350","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, many developed countries such as America and developing countries such as Jordan have undergone extensive privatization of public spaces, which has been expressed by intensive and modern construction of resident societies where this process can be observed in many cities that apply the principles of policies and neoliberal and modern theories in engineering Architecture, which in turn affected the support and expansion of capital for the higher social classes and the weakening of the welfare of the poor social classes as part of the globalization processes. My research method will focus extensively on the relationship of politics and beauty in architecture through a comparative study based on an analysis of the influence of architectural characteristics of neoliberal and modern theories before and after World War I and II on the formation of buildings that in turn affect the city, society, or region. The architect criticizes the role of globalization, politics, and economics as an important factor in architecture development processes.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77971478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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