Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-784x.1000322
Matiwos Tsegaye
Premature-deterioration of concrete in water storage tanks is a common problem in Ethiopia. The research aims at evaluating the effects of cement-types and wet-curing period on the resistance of concrete to leaching and leakage, based on compression, water absorption, and acid attack tests. To meet this objective, 54 concrete specimens with a grade of C-30 and water to cement ratio of 0.53 were casted in to two groups, each subjected to 3, 7, 10, and 28 days wet curing. The first group comprised 27 cubes made from OPC, while the second made from PPC. ANOVA was employed to test significances of variables on sorptivity. The sorptivity was higher for PPC than OPC for 10days and below cured specimens; however, well cured PPC exhibited better sorptivity performance at age of 58 and 98 days. ANOVA indicated that well-cured specimens made using PPC had significantly showed lower sorptivity than OPC age of 98 days. The resistance to acid attack of PPC was better than OPC. The finding showed that the selection of well cured-OPC and 10 days cured-PPC for concrete water tanks could be the cause for deterioration associated with leaching and leakage in concrete water retaining structures. The study contributes to the design of water storage structures.
{"title":"Effects of Curing and Cement Type on Leak deterioration of Concrete in Water Tanks","authors":"Matiwos Tsegaye","doi":"10.4172/2165-784x.1000322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784x.1000322","url":null,"abstract":"Premature-deterioration of concrete in water storage tanks is a common problem in Ethiopia. The research aims at evaluating the effects of cement-types and wet-curing period on the resistance of concrete to leaching and leakage, based on compression, water absorption, and acid attack tests. To meet this objective, 54 concrete specimens with a grade of C-30 and water to cement ratio of 0.53 were casted in to two groups, each subjected to 3, 7, 10, and 28 days wet curing. The first group comprised 27 cubes made from OPC, while the second made from PPC. ANOVA was employed to test significances of variables on sorptivity. The sorptivity was higher for PPC than OPC for 10days and below cured specimens; however, well cured PPC exhibited better sorptivity performance at age of 58 and 98 days. ANOVA indicated that well-cured specimens made using PPC had significantly showed lower sorptivity than OPC age of 98 days. The resistance to acid attack of PPC was better than OPC. The finding showed that the selection of well cured-OPC and 10 days cured-PPC for concrete water tanks could be the cause for deterioration associated with leaching and leakage in concrete water retaining structures. The study contributes to the design of water storage structures.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75161625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000319
R. Jiang, Qi-ming Wu, Y. Xiao, M. Peng, Tianhua Xu
The shear-lag effect refers to the non-uniform normal stress distribution on a box girder cross section induced by the shear flow at the flanges and the webs. It can be observed in all kinds of box girder structures especially the ones with a large width. The shear-lag effect has to be appropriately considered in bridge design, otherwise the servicability and reliability of a bridge will be reduced. In this paper, a semi-analytical method is proposed to estimate the shear-lag effect for composite box girder bridges with corrugated steel webs. Three generalized displacement functions are first introduced to represent the deformation patterns in different parts of a bridge cross section. Afterwards, the governing equations of the problem are derived based on the energy variance principle considering the feature of a composite box girder bridge with corurgated steel webs and then solved using the finite difference method. The shear-lag effect of a continuous girder bridge constructed in South China is investigated based on the proposed semi-analytical method and finite element simulation. The results show that the proposed semi-analytical method is able to well estimate the characteristics of the example bridge. Given the same bridge cross section, the magnitude of the shear-lag effect at different parts of the example bridge is inversely proportional to the effective span length.
{"title":"Estimation of The Shear-Lag Effect of Composite Box Girder Bridges With Corrugated Steel Webs","authors":"R. Jiang, Qi-ming Wu, Y. Xiao, M. Peng, Tianhua Xu","doi":"10.4172/2165-784X.1000319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784X.1000319","url":null,"abstract":"The shear-lag effect refers to the non-uniform normal stress distribution on a box girder cross section induced by the shear flow at the flanges and the webs. It can be observed in all kinds of box girder structures especially the ones with a large width. The shear-lag effect has to be appropriately considered in bridge design, otherwise the servicability and reliability of a bridge will be reduced. In this paper, a semi-analytical method is proposed to estimate the shear-lag effect for composite box girder bridges with corrugated steel webs. Three generalized displacement functions are first introduced to represent the deformation patterns in different parts of a bridge cross section. Afterwards, the governing equations of the problem are derived based on the energy variance principle considering the feature of a composite box girder bridge with corurgated steel webs and then solved using the finite difference method. The shear-lag effect of a continuous girder bridge constructed in South China is investigated based on the proposed semi-analytical method and finite element simulation. The results show that the proposed semi-analytical method is able to well estimate the characteristics of the example bridge. Given the same bridge cross section, the magnitude of the shear-lag effect at different parts of the example bridge is inversely proportional to the effective span length.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91364071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-06DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000290
S. Yar
Urban sprawl expansion is becoming a serious problem of many urban areas due to not much a picture of sprawl in priority, urban areas lack the infra structure and basic facilities like treated water supply, electricity, sanitation services. By the year 2016, Latifabad town accommodates 0.7 millions, which was essentially proposed for 60,000 people. Some of the problems of Latifabad town include excessive traffic congestion; pollution, increment infrastructure costs for community services; fragmentation of housing with low density areas and increase in energy consumption that causes social segregation and environmental degradation. For evaluating social and environmental impacts of sprawl, various factors were derived based on socio-environmental impacts. Quantitative results were generated using Yeh’s index of satisfaction and software SPSS; which were based on questionnaires having filled by 480 occupants. The average satisfaction index from this analysis is found out to be -41.1431, which shows a highly dissatisfaction level of residents of Latifabad town. Some smart growth opportunities can be useful in reducing the urban sprawl as to advertise the problem and raise awareness; to enforce population control, compact developments to suit their needs and enhance the use of new technology to facilitate more people to be able to work from home. The research is beneficial to reduce the sprawl as the result of this study can give the directions to local development authorities, if considered the research proposal results, the urban sprawl can be controlled at certain level.
{"title":"Study of Urban Sprawl and its Social and Environmental Impacts on Urban Society in Latifabad Town, Hyderabad, Pakistan","authors":"S. Yar","doi":"10.4172/2165-784X.1000290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784X.1000290","url":null,"abstract":"Urban sprawl expansion is becoming a serious problem of many urban areas due to not much a picture of sprawl in priority, urban areas lack the infra structure and basic facilities like treated water supply, electricity, sanitation services. By the year 2016, Latifabad town accommodates 0.7 millions, which was essentially proposed for 60,000 people. Some of the problems of Latifabad town include excessive traffic congestion; pollution, increment infrastructure costs for community services; fragmentation of housing with low density areas and increase in energy consumption that causes social segregation and environmental degradation. For evaluating social and environmental impacts of sprawl, various factors were derived based on socio-environmental impacts. Quantitative results were generated using Yeh’s index of satisfaction and software SPSS; which were based on questionnaires having filled by 480 occupants. The average satisfaction index from this analysis is found out to be -41.1431, which shows a highly dissatisfaction level of residents of Latifabad town. Some smart growth opportunities can be useful in reducing the urban sprawl as to advertise the problem and raise awareness; to enforce population control, compact developments to suit their needs and enhance the use of new technology to facilitate more people to be able to work from home. The research is beneficial to reduce the sprawl as the result of this study can give the directions to local development authorities, if considered the research proposal results, the urban sprawl can be controlled at certain level.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90789681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-02DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000288
U. Ndon
Accumulation of storm water on road surfaces and the associated runoff result in environmental pollution problems, negative impact on durability of pavement and safety problems for the travelling public. Permeable pavement has been used to reduce imperviousness of paved surfaces and storm water runoff due to the presence of pores through which water passes into underneath layer of the pavement where the water is collected for treatment prior to discharge into the environment. As a result, permeable pavement is seen as an environmentally sustainable system. Although permeable pavement was initially developed for foot and bicycle traffic, because of sustainability benefits it provides, there is growing interest in advancing the use of permeable pavement in highway storm water management. This article presents trends in the application of permeable pavement in highway storm water management and some associated highway safety benefits.
{"title":"Trends in the Application of Permeable Pavement as Sustainable Highway Storm Water Management Option for Safe-Use of Roadways","authors":"U. Ndon","doi":"10.4172/2165-784X.1000288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784X.1000288","url":null,"abstract":"Accumulation of storm water on road surfaces and the associated runoff result in environmental pollution problems, negative impact on durability of pavement and safety problems for the travelling public. Permeable pavement has been used to reduce imperviousness of paved surfaces and storm water runoff due to the presence of pores through which water passes into underneath layer of the pavement where the water is collected for treatment prior to discharge into the environment. As a result, permeable pavement is seen as an environmentally sustainable system. Although permeable pavement was initially developed for foot and bicycle traffic, because of sustainability benefits it provides, there is growing interest in advancing the use of permeable pavement in highway storm water management. This article presents trends in the application of permeable pavement in highway storm water management and some associated highway safety benefits.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76213950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-28DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000287
E. Alkhatib, Penny A. Snetsinger, A. Alanazi, Sarah Aanonsen
In this study, the use of factorial design software is applied to evaluate efficiently factors influencing the adsorption capacity of activated carbon in treating textile dyes. Activated carbon is usually used to treat wastewater effluents from textile industries in order to remove textile dyes before discharge into the environment. Most treatment facilities, particularly large industrial or wastewater treatment facilities use continuous flow reactors or packed columns to treat the dye. Due to the limited residence time in these types of reactors, adsorption equilibrium is not necessarily reached, and the absorption rate becomes an important factor in this treatment process. Other factors influencing the capacity of activated carbon used in this study included pH, ionic strength, the type of the dye and the type of carbon. In this study, we use Minitab software to design an experiment to evaluate collectively these factors, each under various levels (33 × 22 factorial design). The novelty of this study is the utilization of factorial design in the experimental approach.
{"title":"Application of Factorial Design in the Analysis of Factors Influencing Textile Dye Adsorption on Activated Carbon","authors":"E. Alkhatib, Penny A. Snetsinger, A. Alanazi, Sarah Aanonsen","doi":"10.4172/2165-784X.1000287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784X.1000287","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the use of factorial design software is applied to evaluate efficiently factors influencing the adsorption capacity of activated carbon in treating textile dyes. Activated carbon is usually used to treat wastewater effluents from textile industries in order to remove textile dyes before discharge into the environment. Most treatment facilities, particularly large industrial or wastewater treatment facilities use continuous flow reactors or packed columns to treat the dye. Due to the limited residence time in these types of reactors, adsorption equilibrium is not necessarily reached, and the absorption rate becomes an important factor in this treatment process. Other factors influencing the capacity of activated carbon used in this study included pH, ionic strength, the type of the dye and the type of carbon. In this study, we use Minitab software to design an experiment to evaluate collectively these factors, each under various levels (33 × 22 factorial design). The novelty of this study is the utilization of factorial design in the experimental approach.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86453885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-06DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000297
Amit Dhanuka, Shivendra Agrawal, H. Mehra
Navigation lock is a structure in the waterway provided to create a safe navigation passage between two water pools which are not at the same level. The reason for difference in water levels can be natural such as tidal variations or can be manmade such as construction of dam or barrage across the river. The main components of Navigation lock comprise of approach channels, lock pit, filling/emptying arrangement. Design of lock depends on lockage time, water level variations, Lock capacity requirements, design vessel size. filling/emptying system shall be designed to work under gravity flow without any pumping requirements. Filling/emptying system is chosen to get appropriate filling/ emptying time. The optimum time for filling and emptying is generally kept between 8.0-10.0 minutes. The size of filling culverts are so computed to attain the optimum time for filling/emptying. Every lock is unique in terms of its geology, location, size, requirements and water level differences. Here typical design aspects of a navigational Lock in inland waterway have been described.
{"title":"Hydraulic and Structural Design of Navigational Locks","authors":"Amit Dhanuka, Shivendra Agrawal, H. Mehra","doi":"10.4172/2165-784X.1000297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784X.1000297","url":null,"abstract":"Navigation lock is a structure in the waterway provided to create a safe navigation passage between two water pools which are not at the same level. The reason for difference in water levels can be natural such as tidal variations or can be manmade such as construction of dam or barrage across the river. The main components of Navigation lock comprise of approach channels, lock pit, filling/emptying arrangement. Design of lock depends on lockage time, water level variations, Lock capacity requirements, design vessel size. filling/emptying system shall be designed to work under gravity flow without any pumping requirements. Filling/emptying system is chosen to get appropriate filling/ emptying time. The optimum time for filling and emptying is generally kept between 8.0-10.0 minutes. The size of filling culverts are so computed to attain the optimum time for filling/emptying. Every lock is unique in terms of its geology, location, size, requirements and water level differences. Here typical design aspects of a navigational Lock in inland waterway have been described.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74038881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-06DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000286
Yonezawa Yasuto, K. Aoki, Takumi Ito, Changhoon Choi
In Japan, various kinds of failure modes in steel structures have been reported in severe past earthquake disasters. Also, the various type of repair method for damaged building structure is suggested, and it has been published as restoration manual and guideline. However, it is guessed that these repair methods have some difficulties related to construction technique and estimation of recovery of seismic resistant performance after repair. This study focuses on the seismic ultimate state of steel brace connection of original state and repaired state after damaged, and the effective restoration method is suggested herein. In our past researches, new repairing method for damaged steel bracing joint which has angle-section brace member has been suggested already, and its applicability and feasibility were investigated experimentally. Herein, H- shaped section brace members are focused which are adopted on middle-rise or high-rise steel building structures, and also, various kinds of failure modes of these bracing structure has been reported after past terrible seismic disasters in Japan. So, the effective restoration method is proposed here. First, to reproduce the seismic ultimate state, the vertical loading test on H-shaped bracing test specimen are performed as parameters with bolt layout, thickness of gusset plate, that is, out-of-plane rigidity of joint. Next, the damaged bracing joints are repaired. Finally, the loading test is done on repaired specimen again. From test results, the restoring force characteristics after repair can be recovered, and any type of failure modes are observed. So, 3D model of damaged bracing joint is constructed by using 3D scanner, and it helps to identify the failure mode and yield lines on gusset plate. Furthermore, the plastic limit analysis is performed by reference of 3D model, and it can predict the ultimate state of test results well.
{"title":"Study on Ultimate State and Mechanical Characteristics of Connection Joint of Damaged H-Shaped Bracing Structure","authors":"Yonezawa Yasuto, K. Aoki, Takumi Ito, Changhoon Choi","doi":"10.4172/2165-784X.1000286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784X.1000286","url":null,"abstract":"In Japan, various kinds of failure modes in steel structures have been reported in severe past earthquake disasters. Also, the various type of repair method for damaged building structure is suggested, and it has been published as restoration manual and guideline. However, it is guessed that these repair methods have some difficulties related to construction technique and estimation of recovery of seismic resistant performance after repair. This study focuses on the seismic ultimate state of steel brace connection of original state and repaired state after damaged, and the effective restoration method is suggested herein. In our past researches, new repairing method for damaged steel bracing joint which has angle-section brace member has been suggested already, and its applicability and feasibility were investigated experimentally. Herein, H- shaped section brace members are focused which are adopted on middle-rise or high-rise steel building structures, and also, various kinds of failure modes of these bracing structure has been reported after past terrible seismic disasters in Japan. So, the effective restoration method is proposed here. First, to reproduce the seismic ultimate state, the vertical loading test on H-shaped bracing test specimen are performed as parameters with bolt layout, thickness of gusset plate, that is, out-of-plane rigidity of joint. Next, the damaged bracing joints are repaired. Finally, the loading test is done on repaired specimen again. From test results, the restoring force characteristics after repair can be recovered, and any type of failure modes are observed. So, 3D model of damaged bracing joint is constructed by using 3D scanner, and it helps to identify the failure mode and yield lines on gusset plate. Furthermore, the plastic limit analysis is performed by reference of 3D model, and it can predict the ultimate state of test results well.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86512592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to rapid development, increase in the traffic load, higher traffic volume and seasonal variation in temperature, asphalt pavement shows distresses like rutting, fatigue and thermal cracking etc. because of this pavement fails during service life so that bitumen needs to be modified with some additive. In this study VG30 grade bitumen modify with addition of nanosilica with 1% to 5% (increment of 1%) by weight of bitumen. Hot mix asphalt (HMA) have higher mixing, laying and rolling temperatures which leads to higher consumption of fuel. To address this issue, a nano material named ZycoTherm which is chemical warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive is added to bitumen. Nanosilica modification (NSMB) results in the increase in stability compared to unmodified bitumen (UMB). WMA modified mix shows slightly higher stability than UMB and NSMB in a lower bitumen content. The Retained stability and tensile strength ratio (TSR) is more than 75% and 80% respectively for both mixes. Nanosilica with WMA has more resistant to temperature susceptibility, moisture susceptibility and short term aging than NSMB.
{"title":"Studying The Behavior Of Asphalt Mix And Their Properties In The Presence Of Nano Materials","authors":"Aman Patidar, Dipankar Sarkar, Manish Pal","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1133036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1133036","url":null,"abstract":"Due to rapid development, increase in the traffic load, higher traffic volume and seasonal variation in temperature, asphalt pavement shows distresses like rutting, fatigue and thermal cracking etc. because of this pavement fails during service life so that bitumen needs to be modified with some additive. In this study VG30 grade bitumen modify with addition of nanosilica with 1% to 5% (increment of 1%) by weight of bitumen. Hot mix asphalt (HMA) have higher mixing, laying and rolling temperatures which leads to higher consumption of fuel. To address this issue, a nano material named ZycoTherm which is chemical warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive is added to bitumen. Nanosilica modification (NSMB) results in the increase in stability compared to unmodified bitumen (UMB). WMA modified mix shows slightly higher stability than UMB and NSMB in a lower bitumen content. The Retained stability and tensile strength ratio (TSR) is more than 75% and 80% respectively for both mixes. Nanosilica with WMA has more resistant to temperature susceptibility, moisture susceptibility and short term aging than NSMB.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76847860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-09DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000285
A. A. Ragab, R. Farag, U. Kandil, M. El‐Shafie, Saleh Amm, A. F. El-kafrawy
The use of reactive polymers as modifiers for asphalt appears promising. Asphalt penetration grade 60/70 cannot be used in coating applications for its long drying time at ordinary temperature and for its brittleness at very cold temperature. This material is very cheap as compared to blown asphalt that usually used in industrial applications. This study aims to use reactive polymers in modification of soft asphalt to produce very specific asphaltic material for use in infrastructure applications especially coating instead of highly expensive materials. The new asphaltic material is low cost and has high quality performance at low temperature. To achieve the aim of study, RRNP was used as additive to modify asphalt in percentages of 3, 5, 7 and 10% w/w. The prepared RRNP was then tested for their particles size using DLS and TEM, SEM, 1HNMR. RRNP was used to modify the thermo mechanical properties of asphalt via forming chemical bond, and the changing in mechanical and thermal properties of the mixes as well as the storage stability were studied. Also, the morphology (SEM), thermal characterization (TGA), Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), rheological tests, while, the prepared coatings were applied to carbon steel panel and tested for bending, Abarsion test and impact test were detected. Overall, the results show that the chosen modifiers are the best so far in the modification of soft asphalt to suit the industrial applications in different climate conditions.
{"title":"Improving of Temperature Susceptibility of Asphalt 60/70 using Synthesized Reactive Rubber Nanoparticles for use in Different Climate","authors":"A. A. Ragab, R. Farag, U. Kandil, M. El‐Shafie, Saleh Amm, A. F. El-kafrawy","doi":"10.4172/2165-784X.1000285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-784X.1000285","url":null,"abstract":"The use of reactive polymers as modifiers for asphalt appears promising. Asphalt penetration grade 60/70 cannot be used in coating applications for its long drying time at ordinary temperature and for its brittleness at very cold temperature. This material is very cheap as compared to blown asphalt that usually used in industrial applications. This study aims to use reactive polymers in modification of soft asphalt to produce very specific asphaltic material for use in infrastructure applications especially coating instead of highly expensive materials. The new asphaltic material is low cost and has high quality performance at low temperature. \u0000To achieve the aim of study, RRNP was used as additive to modify asphalt in percentages of 3, 5, 7 and 10% w/w. The prepared RRNP was then tested for their particles size using DLS and TEM, SEM, 1HNMR. RRNP was used to modify the thermo mechanical properties of asphalt via forming chemical bond, and the changing in mechanical and thermal properties of the mixes as well as the storage stability were studied. Also, the morphology (SEM), thermal characterization (TGA), Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), rheological tests, while, the prepared coatings were applied to carbon steel panel and tested for bending, Abarsion test and impact test were detected. Overall, the results show that the chosen modifiers are the best so far in the modification of soft asphalt to suit the industrial applications in different climate conditions.","PeriodicalId":52256,"journal":{"name":"Tumu yu Huanjing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80507184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-03DOI: 10.4172/2165-784X.1000282
Ayumu Ushigome, Takumi Ito, K. Mori, Tomoe Onoda
Recently, there are many discussions about repairability and recovery on damaged buildings. It is desirable to establish the design manuals for recovery considering continuous use of structures. In our previous researches, the damaged steel members of H-shaped and square tube section were reproduced by loading test. From the loading test results, the inelastic behavior and restoring force characteristics were clarified, and also the analytical model were proposed which can chase test results well. It means that we have already conducted the member based research on repairability. So, in this study, to investigate the inelastic behavior and restoring force characteristics of repaired steel frames, the loading test is performed on half size scaled - partial frame model as parameters with strength ratio of column-beam and panel-beam. It is assumed that the various type of failure mode is generated on original state and repaired state. During loading test on original state, local buckling is observed on H-shaped steel beam. Therefore, the damaged area is repaired by welding cover plates method which is recommended by Japanese restoration manual for damaged building structure by severe seismic disasters. And also, the loading tests on repaired state is performed, and it is confirmed that the strength is restored at the same or high level compared with original state. However, in case of beam failure mode on original state, different failure mode is observed on repaired state. Furthermore, a finite element analysis is performed, and the resistant mechanism during ultimate state is investigated analytically in detail.
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