Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1245078
Çaǧrı Mercan
Arıcılık, biyoçeşitliliğe katkı sunarak kırsal kalkınmaya sağladığı destekten ötürü ön plana çıkan bir faaliyet türüdür. Arıcılıktan elde edilecek verimin arttırılabilmesi ve sürdürülebilirlik için bu faaliyet türünün yapılabileceği optimum alanların belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada Bitlis ilinde uzaktan algılama, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri kullanılarak arıcılık için bir yer seçimi değerlendirme modeli önerilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı yerel arıcılık faaliyetleri ile uğraşan uzman kişilerin yanı sıra literatür verilerini de dikkate alan çok kriterli değerlendirmeye dayalı mekânsal bir karar destek sistemi oluşturmaktır. Çalışma ile Bitlis ili için arıcılığın yapılabileceği optimum alanlar belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada 11 kriter (74 alt kriter) belirlenmiştir. Arıcılık faaliyetlerini olumsuz etkileyeceği için 7 alt kriter ise sınırlandırıcı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada arazi kullanımı/örtüsü, akarsulara mesafe, ortalama sıcaklık (Mayıs-Ağustos), NDVI, rüzgar hızı (Mayıs-Ağustos), bakı, yükseklik, yağış (Mayıs-Ağustos), eğim, yola uzaklık ve elektrik hatlarına uzaklık kriterleri kullanılmıştır ve bu kriterlere ait tematik haritalar oluşturulmuştur. Değerlendirme kriterlerinin ağırlıklarının hesaplanmasında AHP yöntemi kullanılmıştır ve CBS ortamında ağırlıklı çakıştırma yöntemi ile arazi uygunluk haritası elde edilmiştir. Arazi uygunluk haritasında arıcılığın yapılabileceği çok uygun ve uygun alanların sırasıyla 91760.58 ha ve 113624.91 ha, yüzey alanlarına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Oluşturulan uygunluk haritasında şehrin güney bölgelerinin (Hizan, Merkez, Mutki, Tatvan), kuzey alanlara (Adilcevaz, Ahlat) göre arıcılık faaliyetlerinin yapılabilmesi açısından çok daha uygun olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, arıcılık faaliyetleri ile uğraşan insanların haricinde sürdürülebilir tarım ve hayvancılık stratejilerinin oluşturulmasında, karar vericiler için de önemli bir kılavuz olacaktır.
Arıcılık，biyoçeşitliliğe katkısunarak kırsal kalkınmaya sağladığıdestektenötürüön planaçıkan bir faaliyet türüdür。为了增加从架构师那里获得的数据，需要在可以执行的最佳字段中确定这种类型的操作。在本研究中，提出了Bitlis中的遥感、CBS和多准则决策验证（ÇKKV）方法来评估用于调试的选择模型。这项工作的目的是在处理局部疾病的专家对文献数据进行多标准评估的基础上创建一个局部支持系统。指定Bitlis工作年度失败的最佳字段。定义了11个准则（74个子准则）。如果阈值的阈值将具有负面影响，则阈值的阈值被认为是无限的。使用了土地使用的用途/覆盖范围、到泉水的距离、平均温度（5月至8月）、NDVI、风速（5月-8月），外观、高度、降雨量（5月-8月）、曲线、距离和电线，并根据这些标准创建了主题地图。在计算评价标准的权重时，使用AHP方法，并在CBS环境中使用重命中方法获得该地区的应用地图。Arazi viguunluk haritasında arıcılığın yapılabileceğiçok viguun ve vigun alanların sırasıyla 91760.58 ha ve 113624.91 ha，yüzey alanlarşna sahip olduğu belillenmiştir。在适应性地图上，该市的南部地区（赫赞、中部、Happy、Tatvan）、北部地区（Adilcevaz、Ahlat）更适合故障操作。这项工作将对决策者在制定农业和动物战略方面发挥重要作用，但营养不良患者除外。
{"title":"Development of a Land Suitability Model for Apiculture (Beekeeping) Activity Areas Using Geographic Information System, Remote Sensing and Multi-Criteria Assessment: A Case Study Bitlis/Turkey","authors":"Çaǧrı Mercan","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1245078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1245078","url":null,"abstract":"Arıcılık, biyoçeşitliliğe katkı sunarak kırsal kalkınmaya sağladığı destekten ötürü ön plana çıkan bir faaliyet türüdür. Arıcılıktan elde edilecek verimin arttırılabilmesi ve sürdürülebilirlik için bu faaliyet türünün yapılabileceği optimum alanların belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada Bitlis ilinde uzaktan algılama, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri kullanılarak arıcılık için bir yer seçimi değerlendirme modeli önerilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı yerel arıcılık faaliyetleri ile uğraşan uzman kişilerin yanı sıra literatür verilerini de dikkate alan çok kriterli değerlendirmeye dayalı mekânsal bir karar destek sistemi oluşturmaktır. Çalışma ile Bitlis ili için arıcılığın yapılabileceği optimum alanlar belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada 11 kriter (74 alt kriter) belirlenmiştir. Arıcılık faaliyetlerini olumsuz etkileyeceği için 7 alt kriter ise sınırlandırıcı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada arazi kullanımı/örtüsü, akarsulara mesafe, ortalama sıcaklık (Mayıs-Ağustos), NDVI, rüzgar hızı (Mayıs-Ağustos), bakı, yükseklik, yağış (Mayıs-Ağustos), eğim, yola uzaklık ve elektrik hatlarına uzaklık kriterleri kullanılmıştır ve bu kriterlere ait tematik haritalar oluşturulmuştur. Değerlendirme kriterlerinin ağırlıklarının hesaplanmasında AHP yöntemi kullanılmıştır ve CBS ortamında ağırlıklı çakıştırma yöntemi ile arazi uygunluk haritası elde edilmiştir. Arazi uygunluk haritasında arıcılığın yapılabileceği çok uygun ve uygun alanların sırasıyla 91760.58 ha ve 113624.91 ha, yüzey alanlarına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Oluşturulan uygunluk haritasında şehrin güney bölgelerinin (Hizan, Merkez, Mutki, Tatvan), kuzey alanlara (Adilcevaz, Ahlat) göre arıcılık faaliyetlerinin yapılabilmesi açısından çok daha uygun olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, arıcılık faaliyetleri ile uğraşan insanların haricinde sürdürülebilir tarım ve hayvancılık stratejilerinin oluşturulmasında, karar vericiler için de önemli bir kılavuz olacaktır.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69810675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-19DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1252366
Ridwan Mukaila, Abraham Falola, S. Akanbi, F. Awoyelu, I. Umaru, O. Obalola, Onaku Cosmas
Honey marketing is an important off-farm economic activity for women's livelihood and sustenance. Despite this, there is scant information in the literature about the economic performance of women honey marketers. Therefore, this study investigates the economic performance of women marketers, its drivers, and its challenges. Data collected from 120 women honey marketers were analysed using descriptive statistics, gross profit, net profit, benefit-cost ratio, return on capital invested, operating ratio, marketing margin, and multiple regression. We found that honey marketing was a profitable venture, as indicated by the high gross profit (USD 262.08), net income (USD 257.03), marketing margin (56%), benefit-cost ratio (1.72), and return on capital invested (0.72) per 58.14 litres sold. Honey marketing also had a low operating ratio of 0.57. Thus, women honey marketers performed economically well. The significant factors that enhanced the profitability of honey marketing were education, experience in honey marketing, credit, and the quantity purchased. While age, purchasing costs, and transportation costs reduced honey marketing profitability. Inadequate capital and credit, price fluctuations, a poor road network, high transportation costs, adulteration, and poor marketing information were the major severe constraints faced in honey marketing. These call for the provision of credit, training, and education to honey marketers by the government to enhance the profitability of the enterprise.
{"title":"ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN HONEY MARKETERS IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"Ridwan Mukaila, Abraham Falola, S. Akanbi, F. Awoyelu, I. Umaru, O. Obalola, Onaku Cosmas","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1252366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1252366","url":null,"abstract":"Honey marketing is an important off-farm economic activity for women's livelihood and sustenance. Despite this, there is scant information in the literature about the economic performance of women honey marketers. Therefore, this study investigates the economic performance of women marketers, its drivers, and its challenges. Data collected from 120 women honey marketers were analysed using descriptive statistics, gross profit, net profit, benefit-cost ratio, return on capital invested, operating ratio, marketing margin, and multiple regression. We found that honey marketing was a profitable venture, as indicated by the high gross profit (USD 262.08), net income (USD 257.03), marketing margin (56%), benefit-cost ratio (1.72), and return on capital invested (0.72) per 58.14 litres sold. Honey marketing also had a low operating ratio of 0.57. Thus, women honey marketers performed economically well. The significant factors that enhanced the profitability of honey marketing were education, experience in honey marketing, credit, and the quantity purchased. While age, purchasing costs, and transportation costs reduced honey marketing profitability. Inadequate capital and credit, price fluctuations, a poor road network, high transportation costs, adulteration, and poor marketing information were the major severe constraints faced in honey marketing. These call for the provision of credit, training, and education to honey marketers by the government to enhance the profitability of the enterprise.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69810717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hiç şüphe yoktur ki arı sütü önemli bir doğal arı ürünüdür ve popülaritesi her geçen gün artmaktadır. İşçi arıların hipofarengial ile mandibular bezlerinden salgılanır ve biyolojik aktiviteye sahiptir. Yaşlanma karşıtı, antioksidan, antibakteriyel, antitümöral, antihipertansif, immünomodülatör, antiinflamatuar, karaciğer koruyucu ve kemik erimesini (osteoporoz) önleyici özellikleri son yıllarda dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, makine öğrenmesi yoluyla arı sütünün bölgesini belirlemek için ayırt edici kimyasal faktörleri keşfetmektir. Çalışmada, Türkiye'nin 13 farklı bölgesinden 84 numune kullanılmış ve nem, pH, asitlik ve 10-hidroksi-2-dekenoik asit (10-HDA) kimyasal parametreleri incelenmiştir. 13 yerden toplanan arı sütleri arasında dört kimyasal değer açısından farklılık olup olmadığı ANOVA testi ile incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel testlere ek olarak, arı sütlerini birbirinden neyin ayırdığını keşfetmek için bir makine öğrenimi modeli kullanılmıştır. Arı sütü, kimyasal analiz sonuçlarının tanımlayıcı istatistikleri sırasıyla, nem %63.05±2.99, pH 3.67±0.08, asitlik 45.32±3.55 ve 10-HDA 2.40±0.24 olarak bulunmuştur. Şaşırtıcı bir şekilde, makine öğrenimi modeli, 10-HDA'nın arı sütünün bölgesini belirlemek için en belirgin parametre olabileceğini öne sürmektedir. Bu bilgi, arı sütünün doğruluğunun tespitini daha kolay öğrenmemize yardımcı olacaktır.
{"title":"MAKİNE ÖĞRENİMİ YOLUYLA BÖLGESEL ARI SÜTÜ FARKLARININ ARKASINDAKİ KİMYASAL FAKTÖRLERİ KEŞFETMEK","authors":"Aslı Özkök, Merve Keskin, Aslı Elif Tanuğur, Elif ÖNDER YORULMAZ, Gokhan Silahtaroglu","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1238027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1238027","url":null,"abstract":"Hiç şüphe yoktur ki arı sütü önemli bir doğal arı ürünüdür ve popülaritesi her geçen gün artmaktadır. İşçi arıların hipofarengial ile mandibular bezlerinden salgılanır ve biyolojik aktiviteye sahiptir. Yaşlanma karşıtı, antioksidan, antibakteriyel, antitümöral, antihipertansif, immünomodülatör, antiinflamatuar, karaciğer koruyucu ve kemik erimesini (osteoporoz) önleyici özellikleri son yıllarda dikkat çekmektedir. \u0000Bu çalışmanın amacı, makine öğrenmesi yoluyla arı sütünün bölgesini belirlemek için ayırt edici kimyasal faktörleri keşfetmektir. Çalışmada, Türkiye'nin 13 farklı bölgesinden 84 numune kullanılmış ve nem, pH, asitlik ve 10-hidroksi-2-dekenoik asit (10-HDA) kimyasal parametreleri incelenmiştir. 13 yerden toplanan arı sütleri arasında dört kimyasal değer açısından farklılık olup olmadığı ANOVA testi ile incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel testlere ek olarak, arı sütlerini birbirinden neyin ayırdığını keşfetmek için bir makine öğrenimi modeli kullanılmıştır. \u0000Arı sütü, kimyasal analiz sonuçlarının tanımlayıcı istatistikleri sırasıyla, nem %63.05±2.99, pH 3.67±0.08, asitlik 45.32±3.55 ve 10-HDA 2.40±0.24 olarak bulunmuştur. \u0000Şaşırtıcı bir şekilde, makine öğrenimi modeli, 10-HDA'nın arı sütünün bölgesini belirlemek için en belirgin parametre olabileceğini öne sürmektedir. Bu bilgi, arı sütünün doğruluğunun tespitini daha kolay öğrenmemize yardımcı olacaktır.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47022839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1208667
E. Sönmez
The ethnopharmacological approach combined with chemical and biological methods can be a useful model in the field of pharmacology. One of these approaches, apitherapy, is the use of bee and hive products for therapeutic purposes. Propolis is among the best known of these bee products. The chemical composition of propolis varies according to the local or endemic flora, bee species, geographical origin and season. This study is to determine the antimicrobial activity differences between chestnut and polifloral origin propolis against various pathogenic bacterial species. First of all, the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used for the determination of bioactive components known to be responsible for antimicrobial activity. Folin-Ciocalteu method and colorimetric aluminum chloride assay were used to determine the total phenolic (TP) and flavonoid (TF) amounts. 19 different pathogenic microorganisms were selected to test the antimicrobial activity levels of propolis samples with agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. TP and TF values of chestnut propolis (71.06 mg GAE/mL-11.75 mg QE/mL) were significantly higher than polifloral sample (36.84 mg GAE/mL-7.04 mg QE/mL). Chrysin, a flavone derivative, was the most abundant compound in both samples. The MIC values of chestnut propolis ranged from 19.5 to 2500 µg/mL, while the MIC value of polifloral origin propolis was between 39.06 and 5000 µg/mL. The most susceptible strain was Mycobacterium smegmatis for both samples with different concentration. Notably, it was observed that the botanical origins affect the chemical composition of propolis, and this situation can also be effect antibacterial and antifungal activity in respective propolis because of the different amount and diversity of bioactive compounds. Consequently, chestnut propolis is a promising candidate for drug discovery that can be used to treat some infectious diseases, including resistant bacteria.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF CHEMİCAL CONTENT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT PLANT SOURCES OF ANATOLIAN PROPOLIS SAMPLES","authors":"E. Sönmez","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1208667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1208667","url":null,"abstract":"The ethnopharmacological approach combined with chemical and biological methods can be a useful model in the field of pharmacology. One of these approaches, apitherapy, is the use of bee and hive products for therapeutic purposes. Propolis is among the best known of these bee products. The chemical composition of propolis varies according to the local or endemic flora, bee species, geographical origin and season. This study is to determine the antimicrobial activity differences between chestnut and polifloral origin propolis against various pathogenic bacterial species. First of all, the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used for the determination of bioactive components known to be responsible for antimicrobial activity. Folin-Ciocalteu method and colorimetric aluminum chloride assay were used to determine the total phenolic (TP) and flavonoid (TF) amounts. 19 different pathogenic microorganisms were selected to test the antimicrobial activity levels of propolis samples with agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. TP and TF values of chestnut propolis (71.06 mg GAE/mL-11.75 mg QE/mL) were significantly higher than polifloral sample (36.84 mg GAE/mL-7.04 mg QE/mL). Chrysin, a flavone derivative, was the most abundant compound in both samples. The MIC values of chestnut propolis ranged from 19.5 to 2500 µg/mL, while the MIC value of polifloral origin propolis was between 39.06 and 5000 µg/mL. The most susceptible strain was Mycobacterium smegmatis for both samples with different concentration. Notably, it was observed that the botanical origins affect the chemical composition of propolis, and this situation can also be effect antibacterial and antifungal activity in respective propolis because of the different amount and diversity of bioactive compounds. Consequently, chestnut propolis is a promising candidate for drug discovery that can be used to treat some infectious diseases, including resistant bacteria.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69811045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-08DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1190100
H. Abou-Shaara
SHORT ABSTRACT Rearing bee queens is almost done utilizing grafting young larvae while the effects of grafting using old larvae after the collection of royal jelly on the quality of queens are not known. In fact, the production of royal jelly depends on grafting, then discarding the larvae to collect the royal jelly. This study aimed to investigate this point by grafting old larvae after removing them from their original cells without food. Larvae at age about 2 days were grafted into plastic queen cell cups (selection and grafting method or S&G method) leaving royal jelly behind and then resultant queens were compared with naturally reared ones (or NQ). The study showed the absence of significant variations between the queens reared from the two methods in characteristics of queens and cells. Meanwhile, no significant differences were found in regard to the performance of colonies. The colonies with queens from S&G method had slightly higher performance than those with NQ. The study concluded that grafting using old larvae without their original food does not impair the quality of queens. During the production of royal jelly, larvae may be grafted into new cells to continue their normal development instead of discarding them. EXTENDED ABSTRACT Goal of the study: Rearing bee queens is almost done utilizing grafting young larvae while the effects of grafting using old larvae after the collection of royal jelly on the quality of queens are not known. In fact, the production of royal jelly depends on grafting, then discarding the larvae to collect the royal jelly. This study aimed to investigate this point by grafting old larvae after removing them from their original cells without food. Materials and methods: larvae at age about 2 days were grafted into plastic queen cell cups (selection and grafting method or S&G method) leaving royal jelly behind and then resultant queens were compared with naturally reared ones (or NQ). Colonies used in this study had brood combs containing eggs beside food combs but without queens. The characteristics of queen cells were measured including the length, base width, and tip width. Queen characteristics were studied including the fresh weight of the emerged queens, thorax width, forewing length, and forewing width. Also, the number of combs covered with bees was counted, and areas of sealed brood, stored honey, and stored bee bread were measured. Results: The study showed the absence of significant variations between the queens reared from the two methods in characteristics of queens and cells. The difference between S&G and NQ was only 1.2 mg, 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, and 0.1 mm for body weight, forewing length, forewing width, and thorax width, respectively, and was 0.56, 0.38, and 0.04 mm for cell base, cell length, and tip width, respectively. Meanwhile, no significant differences were found between the two methods in regard to the performance of colonies. The colonies with queens from S&G method had slig
{"title":"A comparative study on the quality of honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens developed from larvae after the collection of royal jelly","authors":"H. Abou-Shaara","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1190100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1190100","url":null,"abstract":"SHORT ABSTRACT \u0000 \u0000Rearing bee queens is almost done utilizing grafting young larvae while the effects of grafting using old larvae after the collection of royal jelly on the quality of queens are not known. In fact, the production of royal jelly depends on grafting, then discarding the larvae to collect the royal jelly. This study aimed to investigate this point by grafting old larvae after removing them from their original cells without food. Larvae at age about 2 days were grafted into plastic queen cell cups (selection and grafting method or S&G method) leaving royal jelly behind and then resultant queens were compared with naturally reared ones (or NQ). The study showed the absence of significant variations between the queens reared from the two methods in characteristics of queens and cells. Meanwhile, no significant differences were found in regard to the performance of colonies. The colonies with queens from S&G method had slightly higher performance than those with NQ. The study concluded that grafting using old larvae without their original food does not impair the quality of queens. During the production of royal jelly, larvae may be grafted into new cells to continue their normal development instead of discarding them. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000EXTENDED ABSTRACT \u0000 \u0000Goal of the study: Rearing bee queens is almost done utilizing grafting young larvae while the effects of grafting using old larvae after the collection of royal jelly on the quality of queens are not known. In fact, the production of royal jelly depends on grafting, then discarding the larvae to collect the royal jelly. This study aimed to investigate this point by grafting old larvae after removing them from their original cells without food. \u0000Materials and methods: larvae at age about 2 days were grafted into plastic queen cell cups (selection and grafting method or S&G method) leaving royal jelly behind and then resultant queens were compared with naturally reared ones (or NQ). Colonies used in this study had brood combs containing eggs beside food combs but without queens. The characteristics of queen cells were measured including the length, base width, and tip width. Queen characteristics were studied including the fresh weight of the emerged queens, thorax width, forewing length, and forewing width. Also, the number of combs covered with bees was counted, and areas of sealed brood, stored honey, and stored bee bread were measured. \u0000Results: The study showed the absence of significant variations between the queens reared from the two methods in characteristics of queens and cells. The difference between S&G and NQ was only 1.2 mg, 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, and 0.1 mm for body weight, forewing length, forewing width, and thorax width, respectively, and was 0.56, 0.38, and 0.04 mm for cell base, cell length, and tip width, respectively. Meanwhile, no significant differences were found between the two methods in regard to the performance of colonies. The colonies with queens from S&G method had slig","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47664796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1170635
Nageh , S. M. Omran, Mostafa Hassan, M. Abdel-Rahman, A. Desoky, Stayed Hamouda
Now the world’s hope of getting rid of infectious diseases is by reaching to more effective and safe antimicrobial agents. The low cost of maintenance and local availability give honey valuable advantages to using it as an alternative antimicrobial therapy. The antimicrobial activity of honey depending on physical-chemical properties, total phenols contents, geographic area and botanical resource. Nowadays, Upper Egyptian Sidr honey (UESH) became produced commercially; the issue entails determination of its antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) different bacterial strains. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine in vitro antibacterial potential of Upper Egyptian Sidr honey against five references (3 Gram +ve and 2 Gram –ve) bacterial strains and its synergistic effect with some antimicrobial agents. Material & Methods: fifteen Sidr honey samples were collected from several apiaries located in three different governorates (Sohag, Qena and Luxor) in Upper Egypt. Honey samples were tested against 5 reference bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus B – 261, Streptococcus agalactiae AUMC B – 253, Escherichia coli AUMC B – 243 and Klebsiella pneumoniae AUMC B – 257 known as multidrug-resistant bacteria; as well as Bacillus cereus AUMC B - 100; to represent the spore-forming bacteria species known to cause food poisoning) using agar diffusion method. Post determination of MIC values, six honey samples were examined for their synergistic action with the resistant antimicrobial agents. Results: In vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test all reference bacterial strains showed multidrug resistance action (MDR) against the 13 tested antimicrobial agents with high multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index as ≥ 0.38. They achieved growth inhibition when be tested against all Sidr honey samples with different MIC values (11.6 – 18.8 %) with overall mean 15.16 ± 3.77 %. Sidr honey samples collected from Sohag revealed the best antimicrobial action since it's in vitro testing showed MIC 13.6 % followed by samples of Qena and Luxor as 14.36 & 17.96 % respectively. All Sidr honey samples, showed best synergistic action with all antimicrobial agents against Staph. aureus and Strept. agalactiae as change them from resistant to sensitive to the antimicrobial and restored methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sensitive to Cloxacillin being methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MESSA). Conclusion: All UESH samples have growth inhibitory effect on all tested Gram positive or negative bacteria and showed synergistic action with the most tested antimicrobial agents. Recommendation: Antibacterial activity of locally available UESH honey could be potentially used as api-therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant and foodborne bacteria.
现在，全世界摆脱传染病的希望在于使用更有效、更安全的抗菌剂。低廉的维护成本和当地的可获得性使蜂蜜成为替代抗菌疗法的宝贵优势。蜂蜜的抗菌活性与理化性质、总酚含量、地理区域和植物资源有关。如今，上埃及锡德尔蜂蜜(UESH)已被商业化生产;该问题需要确定其抗多药耐药(MDR)不同菌株的抗菌活性。目的:研究上埃及Sidr蜂蜜对5种参考菌株(3 g +ve和2 g -ve)的体外抑菌潜力及其与一些抗菌药物的协同作用。材料与方法:从位于上埃及三个不同省份(Sohag, Qena和Luxor)的几个养蜂场收集了15个Sidr蜂蜜样本。对蜂蜜样品进行多重耐药对照菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌B - 261、无乳链球菌AUMC B - 253、大肠埃希菌AUMC B - 243和肺炎克雷伯菌AUMC B - 257)的检测;蜡样芽孢杆菌AUMC B - 100;用琼脂扩散法表示已知引起食物中毒的孢子形成细菌种类。测定MIC值后，对6种蜂蜜样品与耐药抗菌药物的协同作用进行了检测。结果:体外药敏试验所有参比菌株对13种抗微生物药物均表现多重耐药(MDR)，多重耐药指数均≥0.38。对不同MIC值(11.6 ~ 18.8%)的Sidr蜂蜜样品均有抑制作用，总体平均值为15.16±3.77%。Sohag的Sidr蜂蜜体外抗菌效果最佳，MIC为13.6%，其次是Qena和Luxor，分别为14.36%和17.96%。所有Sidr蜂蜜样品对葡萄球菌均表现出最佳的协同作用。金黄色葡萄球菌和链球菌。无乳杆菌对抗菌药物由耐药转为敏感，对氯西林敏感的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)恢复为甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MESSA)。结论:所有UESH样品对所有革兰氏阳性或阴性细菌均有生长抑制作用，并与大多数抗菌药物有协同作用。推荐:当地可用的UESH蜂蜜的抗菌活性可能被用作抗多药耐药和食源性细菌的主要治疗药物。
{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of Egyptian Sidr honey and its synergistic action with antimicrobial agents","authors":"Nageh , S. M. Omran, Mostafa Hassan, M. Abdel-Rahman, A. Desoky, Stayed Hamouda","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1170635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1170635","url":null,"abstract":"Now the world’s hope of getting rid of infectious diseases is by reaching to more effective and safe antimicrobial agents. The low cost of maintenance and local availability give honey valuable advantages to using it as an alternative antimicrobial therapy. The antimicrobial activity of honey depending on physical-chemical properties, total phenols contents, geographic area and botanical resource. Nowadays, Upper Egyptian Sidr honey (UESH) became produced commercially; the issue entails determination of its antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) different bacterial strains. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine in vitro antibacterial potential of Upper Egyptian Sidr honey against five references (3 Gram +ve and 2 Gram –ve) bacterial strains and its synergistic effect with some antimicrobial agents. Material & Methods: fifteen Sidr honey samples were collected from several apiaries located in three different governorates (Sohag, Qena and Luxor) in Upper Egypt. Honey samples were tested against 5 reference bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus B – 261, Streptococcus agalactiae AUMC B – 253, Escherichia coli AUMC B – 243 and Klebsiella pneumoniae AUMC B – 257 known as multidrug-resistant bacteria; as well as Bacillus cereus AUMC B - 100; to represent the spore-forming bacteria species known to cause food poisoning) using agar diffusion method. Post determination of MIC values, six honey samples were examined for their synergistic action with the resistant antimicrobial agents. Results: In vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test all reference bacterial strains showed multidrug resistance action (MDR) against the 13 tested antimicrobial agents with high multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index as ≥ 0.38. They achieved growth inhibition when be tested against all Sidr honey samples with different MIC values (11.6 – 18.8 %) with overall mean 15.16 ± 3.77 %. Sidr honey samples collected from Sohag revealed the best antimicrobial action since it's in vitro testing showed MIC 13.6 % followed by samples of Qena and Luxor as 14.36 & 17.96 % respectively. All Sidr honey samples, showed best synergistic action with all antimicrobial agents against Staph. aureus and Strept. agalactiae as change them from resistant to sensitive to the antimicrobial and restored methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sensitive to Cloxacillin being methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MESSA). Conclusion: All UESH samples have growth inhibitory effect on all tested Gram positive or negative bacteria and showed synergistic action with the most tested antimicrobial agents. Recommendation: Antibacterial activity of locally available UESH honey could be potentially used as api-therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant and foodborne bacteria.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69810010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-30DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1191584
M. Güldaş
In the research, heavy metal contents (Al, As, Pb and Cd) of 6 honey samples obtained from Marmara and Aegean regions of Turkey (chasteus, chestnut, jerusalem torn and flower honeys) and 4 honey samples obtained from Bulgaria (lavender, acacia and flower honeys) with micro and macro element contents including Ba, Cr, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mg, P, B, Na, K, Sr, S and Ca were analyzed by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Optical Emission Spectrometer). It was determined that the heavy metal levels (Al, As, Cd and Pb) in the investigated honey samples were below the toxic limit values specified in WHO and Turkish Food Codex. In general, the mineral contents of honey samples vary according to the regions where they were taken. Among the honey samples taken from different regions; the contents of Pb, Al, As, Cr, Cu, Ba, Sr, Zn, B, Ca, K, Na, P and S changed at 1% significance level, while Mn, Ni and Fe contents differ at 5% level of significance. As the apiaries in where the honey samples were taken get closer to the urban areas, Pb by 1%, As and Co contents by 5% level of significance increased.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF SOME HONEY TYPES (CHASTEBERRY, CHESTNUT, LAVENDER, JERUSALEM THORN, ACACIA AND SUNFLOWER) FOR HEAVY METAL POLLUTION FROM SETTLEMENTS AND HIGHWAYS","authors":"M. Güldaş","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1191584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1191584","url":null,"abstract":"In the research, heavy metal contents (Al, As, Pb and Cd) of 6 honey samples obtained from Marmara and Aegean regions of Turkey (chasteus, chestnut, jerusalem torn and flower honeys) and 4 honey samples obtained from Bulgaria (lavender, acacia and flower honeys) with micro and macro element contents including Ba, Cr, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mg, P, B, Na, K, Sr, S and Ca were analyzed by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Optical Emission Spectrometer). \u0000It was determined that the heavy metal levels (Al, As, Cd and Pb) in the investigated honey samples were below the toxic limit values specified in WHO and Turkish Food Codex. In general, the mineral contents of honey samples vary according to the regions where they were taken. Among the honey samples taken from different regions; the contents of Pb, Al, As, Cr, Cu, Ba, Sr, Zn, B, Ca, K, Na, P and S changed at 1% significance level, while Mn, Ni and Fe contents differ at 5% level of significance. As the apiaries in where the honey samples were taken get closer to the urban areas, Pb by 1%, As and Co contents by 5% level of significance increased.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69809934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1181552
Alayu Beyene, Mulisa Faji, A. Abebe
Honey bee colonies exhibit a wide range of behavioral variations depending on genetic origin and environmental factors. Therefore, the performance evaluation of honey bee races is critical to laying a foundation for future selection and improvement in Ethiopia. Thirty colonies of Apis mellifera scutellata (A.m.scutellata) similar in resources contained in the hive were kept in improved box hives and evaluated through reproductive swarming tendency, foraging activity, defensive behavior, hygienic behavior, brood population, honey production, and absconding behavior during the active season and dearth season. In the study area, the A.m.scutellata race has a higher swarming tendency in the active season, with up to 3.24 queen caps per hive prepared per year. Defensive behavior during the active season takes an average of 25.41second after disturbances and follows up to a 212.20-meter distance. But during the dearth season, the colony slightly took a long time to reach aggressiveness after disturbance (31.28 seconds) and followed the observer for a short distance (45.58 meters). The closed brood production is higher (149 units per hive) during the active season and nectar production units per hive are reduced by 50% as compared to the dearth season. The yielding performance of the race per frame ranged from 1.3 kg to 1.5 kg, and an average of 14 kg of honey per harvest. The A.m.scutellata exhibited an absconding tendency of 34.5% if there was any disruption. A.m. scutellata showed good performance in hygienic behaviors (>95%), but undesirable behaviors in defensive behavior and swarming tendency make it difficult to manage honey bees. However, the race has good performance in foraging and hygienic behaviors. Further, studies of the honey bee race through selection and breeding could be conducted to reduce the higher aggressiveness and swarming tendency of A. m. scutellata to improve production performance.
{"title":"Production Performance, Defensive, Hygienic, Swarming, and Foraging Behavior of Apis mellifera scutellate bee race","authors":"Alayu Beyene, Mulisa Faji, A. Abebe","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1181552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1181552","url":null,"abstract":"Honey bee colonies exhibit a wide range of behavioral variations depending on genetic origin and environmental factors. Therefore, the performance evaluation of honey bee races is critical to laying a foundation for future selection and improvement in Ethiopia. Thirty colonies of Apis mellifera scutellata (A.m.scutellata) similar in resources contained in the hive were kept in improved box hives and evaluated through reproductive swarming tendency, foraging activity, defensive behavior, hygienic behavior, brood population, honey production, and absconding behavior during the active season and dearth season. In the study area, the A.m.scutellata race has a higher swarming tendency in the active season, with up to 3.24 queen caps per hive prepared per year. Defensive behavior during the active season takes an average of 25.41second after disturbances and follows up to a 212.20-meter distance. But during the dearth season, the colony slightly took a long time to reach aggressiveness after disturbance (31.28 seconds) and followed the observer for a short distance (45.58 meters). The closed brood production is higher (149 units per hive) during the active season and nectar production units per hive are reduced by 50% as compared to the dearth season. The yielding performance of the race per frame ranged from 1.3 kg to 1.5 kg, and an average of 14 kg of honey per harvest. The A.m.scutellata exhibited an absconding tendency of 34.5% if there was any disruption. A.m. scutellata showed good performance in hygienic behaviors (>95%), but undesirable behaviors in defensive behavior and swarming tendency make it difficult to manage honey bees. However, the race has good performance in foraging and hygienic behaviors. Further, studies of the honey bee race through selection and breeding could be conducted to reduce the higher aggressiveness and swarming tendency of A. m. scutellata to improve production performance.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69809925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-20DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1175874
A. Borum
Biyogüvenlik uygulamaları, arılıktaki mikroorganizma ve zararlıların hareketini en aza indirerek hastalıkların yayılmasını önlemek ya da çevrede görülen hastalık ve zararlıların arılığa ulaşmasını engellemek ya da etkisini azaltmak için uygulanan tedbirleri içerir. Biyogüvenlik ilkeleri, arı sağlığını veya bal kalitesini olumsuz etkilemesini önlemek için bulaşıcı etkenlerin arılıklara girmesini, ayrıca insan, arılar, yem, teknolojik sistemler tarafından yayılmasını önlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. İyi arıcılık uygulamaları önemli arı hastalık ve zararlıların arılığa girişini, koloniler veya arılıklar arası yayılmayı önler ya da minimize eder. Arı sağlığı, bal güvenliği, bal kalitesi ve üretim verimliliği üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri önler. Biyogüvenlik uygulamaları (Biosecurity measures in beekeeping-BMBs) iyi arıcılık uygulamalarının (Good beekeeping practices-GBPs) yapılması durumunda etkili olabilir.
生物安全应用包括用于预防环境中发生的疾病和伤害、最大限度地减少微生物和伤害的移动或防止疾病和伤害在世界各地传播的药物。Biyogüvenlik ilkeleri，arısağlığınıveya bal kalitesini olumsuz etkilemesiniönlemek için bulaşıcıetkenlerin arılı。良好的故障应用可以预防或最大限度地减少主要蜜蜂疾病和伤害、蜂群或柱子之间的间距。啤酒健康、蜂蜜安全、蜂蜜质量和生产力的不良影响。养蜂BMB中的生物安全措施可能会对良好的养蜂实践GBP产生影响。
{"title":"Arıcılıkta Biyogüvenlik ve İyi Arıcılık Uygulamaları","authors":"A. Borum","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1175874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1175874","url":null,"abstract":"Biyogüvenlik uygulamaları, arılıktaki mikroorganizma ve zararlıların hareketini en aza indirerek hastalıkların yayılmasını önlemek ya da çevrede görülen hastalık ve zararlıların arılığa ulaşmasını engellemek ya da etkisini azaltmak için uygulanan tedbirleri içerir. Biyogüvenlik ilkeleri, arı sağlığını veya bal kalitesini olumsuz etkilemesini önlemek için bulaşıcı etkenlerin arılıklara girmesini, ayrıca insan, arılar, yem, teknolojik sistemler tarafından yayılmasını önlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. \u0000 İyi arıcılık uygulamaları önemli arı hastalık ve zararlıların arılığa girişini, koloniler veya arılıklar arası yayılmayı önler ya da minimize eder. Arı sağlığı, bal güvenliği, bal kalitesi ve üretim verimliliği üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri önler. Biyogüvenlik uygulamaları (Biosecurity measures in beekeeping-BMBs) iyi arıcılık uygulamalarının (Good beekeeping practices-GBPs) yapılması durumunda etkili olabilir.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69809687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.1153269
A. Pokutsa, Andriy Zaborovskyi
The manner of the bees construct their honeycombs and it design may imply, besides the partaking of physical laws, also the coordinated activity many dozens of colony individuals all through the way of cells foundation to full size erection. The last postulate might indicate the bees ability to engineering prowess. The undertaken research affords the experimental proofs support the expressed assumption.
{"title":"“Blind” physics vs engineering prowess: can each theory taken independently explicate the awesome design of bees comb?","authors":"A. Pokutsa, Andriy Zaborovskyi","doi":"10.31467/uluaricilik.1153269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1153269","url":null,"abstract":"The manner of the bees construct their honeycombs and it design may imply, besides the partaking of physical laws, also the coordinated activity many dozens of colony individuals all through the way of cells foundation to full size erection. The last postulate might indicate the bees ability to engineering prowess. The undertaken research affords the experimental proofs support the expressed assumption.","PeriodicalId":52271,"journal":{"name":"Uludag Aricilik Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69809908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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