Pub Date : 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100486
Tanjeel Ahmed Bin Zaman , Tabassum Haque , Himadri Sen Gupta , Mostafa Sameer , Omar Nofal
Bangladesh is a natural hazard hotspot where research on resilience has grown rapidly but remains fragmented across social and technical silos. We assemble an auditable corpus of 301 peer-reviewed studies (2014–2024) and integrate PRISMA screening with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to deliver a transparent, data-driven map of the field. A 10-topic model, selected by maximizing coherence (perplexity as tie-break), is stress-tested via multi-seed and split-half Jensen–Shannon distance; dual-reviewer screening reports substantial agreement (Cohen’s ). The map confirms the dominance of community adaptation and DRR governance and reveals a quantifiable social–technical separation between qualitative community studies and quantitative hazard modeling. Under-represented intersections include private-sector continuity and supply-chain resilience, and salinity–health linkages. We translate these findings into an operational blueprint: a three-layer integration architecture – participatory GIS indicators, hazard/lifeline rasters, and a Bayesian-network inference layer – to evaluate district-level policy levers (e.g., shelter capacity, road chokepoints, anticipatory cash) with uncertainty bands. We also outline a national, open data infrastructure to support reproducible, multi-hazard, uncertainty-aware planning. By coupling transparent evidence synthesis with prescriptive design, this study provides a practical pathway to close Bangladesh’s social–technical gap and advance “bounce-forward” resilience
{"title":"Computational review of disaster resilience research in Bangladesh","authors":"Tanjeel Ahmed Bin Zaman , Tabassum Haque , Himadri Sen Gupta , Mostafa Sameer , Omar Nofal","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bangladesh is a natural hazard hotspot where research on resilience has grown rapidly but remains fragmented across social and technical silos. We assemble an auditable corpus of 301 peer-reviewed studies (2014–2024) and integrate PRISMA screening with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to deliver a transparent, data-driven map of the field. A 10-topic model, selected by maximizing <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> coherence (perplexity as tie-break), is stress-tested via multi-seed and split-half Jensen–Shannon distance; dual-reviewer screening reports substantial agreement (Cohen’s <span><math><mi>κ</mi></math></span>). The map confirms the dominance of community adaptation and DRR governance and reveals a quantifiable social–technical separation between qualitative community studies and quantitative hazard modeling. Under-represented intersections include private-sector continuity and supply-chain resilience, and salinity–health linkages. We translate these findings into an operational blueprint: a three-layer integration architecture – participatory GIS indicators, hazard/lifeline rasters, and a Bayesian-network inference layer – to evaluate district-level policy levers (e.g., shelter capacity, road chokepoints, anticipatory cash) with uncertainty bands. We also outline a national, open data infrastructure to support reproducible, multi-hazard, uncertainty-aware planning. By coupling transparent evidence synthesis with prescriptive design, this study provides a practical pathway to close Bangladesh’s social–technical gap and advance “bounce-forward” resilience</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100477
Min Li , Takeyuki Okubo , Dowon Kim , Shakya Lata , Aya Miyazaki
Cultural heritage has faced significant challenges due to both natural and human-induced hazards, as well as the impacts of climate change in recent years. To safeguard the outstanding universal value of World Cultural Heritage (WCH) sites, this study focuses on disaster risk management (DRM) across these WCH sites globally. A questionnaire was distributed to 972 WCH sites, with 57 responding. The survey gathered information on hazard-related characteristics, historical disasters, the current status of DRM plans and measures, and the traditional knowledge related to DRM. The study found that approximately 72 % of the surveyed heritage sites feature timber structures or masonry structures with wooden elements, making them vulnerable to fire. Additionally, 40 % of WCH sites are located in mountainous, coastal, or riverside areas, exposing them to multiple natural hazards. Many sites (79 %) have been repurposed for commercial use, and about 42 % of the surveyed sites attract a large number of tourists, which may further increase disaster risks. The study findings also highlight the diverse range of hazards affecting monuments and archaeological sites in Africa, Asia, and Europe, with Africa and Europe facing particularly significant challenges due to climate change. From past disasters, it is evident that floods, strong winds, fires, and earthquakes have become more frequent in recent years, causing substantial damage to heritage sites. Notably, climate change is a key factor behind disasters like floods, fires, droughts, and extreme wind events. In addition, human-induced disasters, such as armed conflicts and vandalism, have also caused serious destruction to WCH sites. However, only about half of the surveyed heritage sites have a DRM plan in place or are in the process of developing one. The study further reveals that the lack of financial and material resources, expertise, and awareness of the importance of a DRM plan are the key reasons for the absence of DRM plans. On the other hand, traditional knowledge identified at these WCH sites, including specialized drainage system designs, traditional fire-fighting methods, and climate-resilient architectural features, could be integrated as effective disaster risk reduction measures in future DRM plans.
{"title":"Global challenges and insights in disaster risk management at world cultural heritage sites","authors":"Min Li , Takeyuki Okubo , Dowon Kim , Shakya Lata , Aya Miyazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cultural heritage has faced significant challenges due to both natural and human-induced hazards, as well as the impacts of climate change in recent years. To safeguard the outstanding universal value of World Cultural Heritage (WCH) sites, this study focuses on disaster risk management (DRM) across these WCH sites globally. A questionnaire was distributed to 972 WCH sites, with 57 responding. The survey gathered information on hazard-related characteristics, historical disasters, the current status of DRM plans and measures, and the traditional knowledge related to DRM. The study found that approximately 72 % of the surveyed heritage sites feature timber structures or masonry structures with wooden elements, making them vulnerable to fire. Additionally, 40 % of WCH sites are located in mountainous, coastal, or riverside areas, exposing them to multiple natural hazards. Many sites (79 %) have been repurposed for commercial use, and about 42 % of the surveyed sites attract a large number of tourists, which may further increase disaster risks. The study findings also highlight the diverse range of hazards affecting monuments and archaeological sites in Africa, Asia, and Europe, with Africa and Europe facing particularly significant challenges due to climate change. From past disasters, it is evident that floods, strong winds, fires, and earthquakes have become more frequent in recent years, causing substantial damage to heritage sites. Notably, climate change is a key factor behind disasters like floods, fires, droughts, and extreme wind events. In addition, human-induced disasters, such as armed conflicts and vandalism, have also caused serious destruction to WCH sites. However, only about half of the surveyed heritage sites have a DRM plan in place or are in the process of developing one. The study further reveals that the lack of financial and material resources, expertise, and awareness of the importance of a DRM plan are the key reasons for the absence of DRM plans. On the other hand, traditional knowledge identified at these WCH sites, including specialized drainage system designs, traditional fire-fighting methods, and climate-resilient architectural features, could be integrated as effective disaster risk reduction measures in future DRM plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100483
Farrukh A. Chishtie , John J. Clague
The Pacific Northwest faces significant seismic hazards from both great subduction earthquakes and more frequent in-slab events within the Juan de Fuca plate system. This paper presents a breakthrough shift in earthquake risk assessment by integrating geological knowledge from the natural sciences with Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and mobilities research from the social sciences to reconceptualize seismic risk through the lens of transectional networks involving human and non-human actors. We examine the translation processes through which seismic monitoring systems, building codes, emergency response protocols, geological formations, and emerging artificial intelligence/machine learning technologies co-constitute earthquake risk in the region. Drawing from recent advances in uncertainty quantification and economic impact assessment methodologies developed for climate litigation, we argue for more sophisticated measurement protocols that can capture the relational dynamics and cascading effects within seismic networks. The historical record of in-slab earthquakes, including the 24-year gap since the last magnitude 6+ event in 2001, illustrates how temporal patterns emerge from complex interactions between geological agencies and human systems. We develop a novel five-phase integrated transectional risk assessment methodology that holistically accounts for both human and non-human vulnerabilities as they emerge from dynamic network relationships across spatial, temporal, and organizational scales. This methodology operationalizes network mapping, translation analysis, transectional vulnerability assessment, integrated uncertainty quantification, and adaptive intervention design to move beyond traditional hazard-exposure-vulnerability frameworks. The transectional perspective reveals opportunities for earthquake risk reduction that go beyond traditional engineering approaches to encompass network reconfigurations, AI-enhanced monitoring systems, innovative financing mechanisms, and enhanced adaptive capacities across human-non-human assemblages. This interdisciplinary approach provides concrete pathways for developing more effective and equitable earthquake risk management strategies that recognize the agency of both geological processes and technological systems in shaping seismic resilience.
{"title":"Risky ground: Seismic hazards and transectional networks in the Pacific northwest","authors":"Farrukh A. Chishtie , John J. Clague","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Pacific Northwest faces significant seismic hazards from both great subduction earthquakes and more frequent in-slab events within the Juan de Fuca plate system. This paper presents a breakthrough shift in earthquake risk assessment by integrating geological knowledge from the natural sciences with Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and mobilities research from the social sciences to reconceptualize seismic risk through the lens of transectional networks involving human and non-human actors. We examine the translation processes through which seismic monitoring systems, building codes, emergency response protocols, geological formations, and emerging artificial intelligence/machine learning technologies co-constitute earthquake risk in the region. Drawing from recent advances in uncertainty quantification and economic impact assessment methodologies developed for climate litigation, we argue for more sophisticated measurement protocols that can capture the relational dynamics and cascading effects within seismic networks. The historical record of in-slab earthquakes, including the 24-year gap since the last magnitude 6+ event in 2001, illustrates how temporal patterns emerge from complex interactions between geological agencies and human systems. We develop a novel five-phase integrated transectional risk assessment methodology that holistically accounts for both human and non-human vulnerabilities as they emerge from dynamic network relationships across spatial, temporal, and organizational scales. This methodology operationalizes network mapping, translation analysis, transectional vulnerability assessment, integrated uncertainty quantification, and adaptive intervention design to move beyond traditional hazard-exposure-vulnerability frameworks. The transectional perspective reveals opportunities for earthquake risk reduction that go beyond traditional engineering approaches to encompass network reconfigurations, AI-enhanced monitoring systems, innovative financing mechanisms, and enhanced adaptive capacities across human-non-human assemblages. This interdisciplinary approach provides concrete pathways for developing more effective and equitable earthquake risk management strategies that recognize the agency of both geological processes and technological systems in shaping seismic resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100485
Sefer Aygün, Yeter Demir Uslu
This study aims to identify and prioritize problems experienced during the acute post-earthquake period in secondary healthcare facilities using AHP and Fuzzy AHP methods. Qualitative interviews were conducted with managers actively involved in healthcare facility management during this period. The research was carried out in three secondary healthcare institutions located in provinces affected by the February 6, 2023 earthquakes: Elbistan State Hospital (Kahramanmaraş/9th region), Dörtyol State Hospital (Hatay/13th region), and Malatya Battalgazi State Hospital (Malatya/4th region). A two-stage research design was employed: qualitative methods were used in the first phase and quantitative methods in the second. The population consisted of all secondary-level healthcare institutions in the earthquake zone, and purposive sampling was used to select the sample. In the qualitative phase, individual interviews were conducted with 17 managers. As a result, 9 main criteria were identified. In the quantitative phase, these criteria were prioritized using AHP and Fuzzy AHP methods with input from 5 additional managers who played active roles in post-earthquake management. The most critical criteria and their importance weights are as follows: hospital operations and management after an earthquake (AHP: 0.227, FAHP: 0.231), infrastructure and technical conditions (AHP: 0.208, FAHP: 0.209), hospital disaster and emergency planning (AHP:0.178, FAHP:0.182), logistics and material management (AHP:0.123, FAHP:0.119), personnel management process (AHP:0.092, FAHP:0.089), communication and collaboration process (AHP:0.084, FAHP:0.085), funeral identification and security process (AHP:0.042, FAHP:0.043), patient and patient relative relations (AHP:0.030, FAHP:0.028), and social media impact (AHP:0.016, FAHP:0.015). If decision-makers allocate existing resources to the first three criteria, they will have resolved more than 60 % of the identified problems.
{"title":"Strategy formulation for enhancing the effectiveness of health services after a devastating earthquake in Turkey: An integrated approach of in-depth interview and AHP1","authors":"Sefer Aygün, Yeter Demir Uslu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to identify and prioritize problems experienced during the acute post-earthquake period in secondary healthcare facilities using AHP and Fuzzy AHP methods. Qualitative interviews were conducted with managers actively involved in healthcare facility management during this period. The research was carried out in three secondary healthcare institutions located in provinces affected by the February 6, 2023 earthquakes: Elbistan State Hospital (Kahramanmaraş/9th region), Dörtyol State Hospital (Hatay/13th region), and Malatya Battalgazi State Hospital (Malatya/4th region). A two-stage research design was employed: qualitative methods were used in the first phase and quantitative methods in the second. The population consisted of all secondary-level healthcare institutions in the earthquake zone, and purposive sampling was used to select the sample. In the qualitative phase, individual interviews were conducted with 17 managers. As a result, 9 main criteria were identified. In the quantitative phase, these criteria were prioritized using AHP and Fuzzy AHP methods with input from 5 additional managers who played active roles in post-earthquake management. The most critical criteria and their importance weights are as follows: hospital operations and management after an earthquake (AHP: 0.227, FAHP: 0.231), infrastructure and technical conditions (AHP: 0.208, FAHP: 0.209), hospital disaster and emergency planning (AHP:0.178, FAHP:0.182), logistics and material management (AHP:0.123, FAHP:0.119), personnel management process (AHP:0.092, FAHP:0.089), communication and collaboration process (AHP:0.084, FAHP:0.085), funeral identification and security process (AHP:0.042, FAHP:0.043), patient and patient relative relations (AHP:0.030, FAHP:0.028), and social media impact (AHP:0.016, FAHP:0.015). If decision-makers allocate existing resources to the first three criteria, they will have resolved more than 60 % of the identified problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Japanese government has legislated the relocation of contaminated soil containing radioactive materials outside of Fukushima Prefecture by 2045 to accelerate Fukushima's recovery following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). In this study, we investigated and analyzed factors associated with acceptance of the reuse of contaminated soil (RCS) among the Japanese public. We conducted an online questionnaire survey exactly ten years after the storage of radioactive contaminated soil began at interim storage facilities. We analyzed 5257 responses obtained from citizens aged 18 and over from all 48 prefectures of Japan. The study clarified that 46.7 % (2451) of participants accepted RCS, while 53.3 % (2806) did not, indicating that public opinion is polarized on this issue. The results revealed regional differences in opinions regarding RCS. Furthermore, the characteristics, knowledge of radiation, and interest in the FDNPS accident influenced opinions regarding RCS. In addition, people who were not accepting tended to be more concerned about the health effects of RCS, whereas those who were accepting were concerned about reputational damage. These results emphasizing the distinction among populations on their concerns are really interesting and can open a way forward for implementing RCS in a sustainable way.
{"title":"Bipolarization in the acceptance of reusing contaminated soil generated by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident of 2011","authors":"Tomoko Watanabe , Hitomi Matsunaga , Aizhan Zabirowa , Stephen Takeshi Terada , Yuya Kashiwazaki , Makiko Orita , Thierry Schneider , Noboru Takamura","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Japanese government has legislated the relocation of contaminated soil containing radioactive materials outside of Fukushima Prefecture by 2045 to accelerate Fukushima's recovery following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). In this study, we investigated and analyzed factors associated with acceptance of the reuse of contaminated soil (RCS) among the Japanese public. We conducted an online questionnaire survey exactly ten years after the storage of radioactive contaminated soil began at interim storage facilities. We analyzed 5257 responses obtained from citizens aged 18 and over from all 48 prefectures of Japan. The study clarified that 46.7 % (2451) of participants accepted RCS, while 53.3 % (2806) did not, indicating that public opinion is polarized on this issue. The results revealed regional differences in opinions regarding RCS. Furthermore, the characteristics, knowledge of radiation, and interest in the FDNPS accident influenced opinions regarding RCS. In addition, people who were not accepting tended to be more concerned about the health effects of RCS, whereas those who were accepting were concerned about reputational damage. These results emphasizing the distinction among populations on their concerns are really interesting and can open a way forward for implementing RCS in a sustainable way.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100482
Nurul Hidayati Rofiah , Norimune Kawai
Students with disabilities are among the most vulnerable during disasters, yet they are often excluded from disaster risk reduction (DRR) initiatives. Early disaster education offers significant benefits for inclusive preparedness. This study examined DRR education practices in inclusive primary schools, identified effective strategies, and evaluated the impact on students with and without disabilities. A quasi-experimental design was applied in nine inclusive schools in Yogyakarta, with students assigned to control and experimental groups. Questionnaires adapted from validated instruments measured knowledge, risk perception, awareness, and readiness. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between students who received the program and those who did not. The findings indicate that disaster education enhances preparedness among students with disabilities and adds to limited evidence on inclusive DRR in low- and middle-income countries. The study demonstrates the feasibility of disaster education in inclusive settings and the importance of adapting content and methods to diverse learners. Several limitations should be noted. The study involved a relatively small sample from one province, limiting generalizability. It included only students with mild intellectual disabilities, leaving out those with sensory, motor, or more complex disabilities. In addition, it assessed short-term outcomes only, without examining medium- or long-term effects. These limitations should be considered when interpreting the results. Future research should include larger and more diverse samples, incorporate multiple disability groups, and explore alternative teaching methods such as peer tutoring, songs, and games. Ultimately, inclusive DRR will not only strengthen resilience but also ensure the personal safety of students with disabilities.
{"title":"Integrating disability-inclusive disaster education in primary schools: A CASE from Yogyakarta, Indonesia","authors":"Nurul Hidayati Rofiah , Norimune Kawai","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Students with disabilities are among the most vulnerable during disasters, yet they are often excluded from disaster risk reduction (DRR) initiatives. Early disaster education offers significant benefits for inclusive preparedness. This study examined DRR education practices in inclusive primary schools, identified effective strategies, and evaluated the impact on students with and without disabilities. A quasi-experimental design was applied in nine inclusive schools in Yogyakarta, with students assigned to control and experimental groups. Questionnaires adapted from validated instruments measured knowledge, risk perception, awareness, and readiness. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between students who received the program and those who did not. The findings indicate that disaster education enhances preparedness among students with disabilities and adds to limited evidence on inclusive DRR in low- and middle-income countries. The study demonstrates the feasibility of disaster education in inclusive settings and the importance of adapting content and methods to diverse learners. Several limitations should be noted. The study involved a relatively small sample from one province, limiting generalizability. It included only students with mild intellectual disabilities, leaving out those with sensory, motor, or more complex disabilities. In addition, it assessed short-term outcomes only, without examining medium- or long-term effects. These limitations should be considered when interpreting the results. Future research should include larger and more diverse samples, incorporate multiple disability groups, and explore alternative teaching methods such as peer tutoring, songs, and games. Ultimately, inclusive DRR will not only strengthen resilience but also ensure the personal safety of students with disabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100478
Maik von der Forst , Barbara J. Germann , Hanne Schaefer , Gabriel A. Salg , Markus A. Weigand , Felix C.F. Schmitt , Maximilian Dietrich , Stefan Mohr , Janna Küllenberg , Markus Ries , Erik Popp
Study hypothesis
Mass casualty incidents (MCI) can overwhelm hospital capacities. Effective management requires emergency plans and exercises to improve familiarity, confidence, and skills. Scientific evaluation of exercises is crucial to identify their impact, this study hypothesized indirect benefits for all staff from MCI exercises, even non-participants.
Methods
Two prospective, representative, anonymous surveys were conducted among all professional groups before and after a full-scale MCI exercise at Heidelberg University Hospital. Descriptive analyses were conducted for the total sample (N = 669). Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed for the dependent constructs Familiarity with MCI Plan, Familiarity with Alert Process, Knowledge of Tasks, and Knowledge about Roles and Cooperation.
Results
The exercise positively influenced knowledge of the MCI plan across all four constructs. Employees in management positions and physicians reported higher scores across all constructs. There appeared to be an overall improvement, suggesting that all employees have benefited. Greater significance was observed for theoretical than for practical knowledge.
Conclusions
There were significant improvements of theoretical and practical knowledge of the MCI plan after an exercise. All employees, including those without exercise participation, appeared to benefit, possibly due to increased awareness and enhanced preparation. However, these results cannot be conclusively attributed to the exercise itself.
{"title":"Impact of a full-scale mass casualty exercise on hospital staff and implications for future preparedness – A pre-post study","authors":"Maik von der Forst , Barbara J. Germann , Hanne Schaefer , Gabriel A. Salg , Markus A. Weigand , Felix C.F. Schmitt , Maximilian Dietrich , Stefan Mohr , Janna Küllenberg , Markus Ries , Erik Popp","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study hypothesis</h3><div>Mass casualty incidents (MCI) can overwhelm hospital capacities. Effective management requires emergency plans and exercises to improve familiarity, confidence, and skills. Scientific evaluation of exercises is crucial to identify their impact, this study hypothesized indirect benefits for all staff from MCI exercises, even non-participants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two prospective, representative, anonymous surveys were conducted among all professional groups before and after a full-scale MCI exercise at Heidelberg University Hospital. Descriptive analyses were conducted for the total sample (<em>N</em> = 669). Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed for the dependent constructs <em>Familiarity with MCI Plan</em>, <em>Familiarity with Alert Process</em>, <em>Knowledge of Tasks</em>, and <em>Knowledge about Roles and Cooperation</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The exercise positively influenced knowledge of the MCI plan across all four constructs. Employees in management positions and physicians reported higher scores across all constructs. There appeared to be an overall improvement, suggesting that all employees have benefited. Greater significance was observed for theoretical than for practical knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There were significant improvements of theoretical and practical knowledge of the MCI plan after an exercise. All employees, including those without exercise participation, appeared to benefit, possibly due to increased awareness and enhanced preparation. However, these results cannot be conclusively attributed to the exercise itself.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100480
Julia C. Crowley , Bowen Liu , Ailing Nan
This research aims to measure hazard mitigation and debris management planning resource constraints for local emergency management agencies throughout the United States. A survey tool was developed that contained sections pertaining to plan development, plan implementation, and collaborative partnerships with other planning stakeholders. The survey was distributed to local emergency management agencies in the 50 states, five territories, and the District of Columbia. After cleaning the data, the sample consisted of 309 local emergency managers that represented all 10 regions of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Relevant statistical tests were run to analyze the data. While the results do not provide sufficient evidence to support the hypothesis that resource constraints may inhibit the development of local hazard mitigation plans, there is strong evidence that resource constraints, particularly related to staffing and competing priorities, are significant barriers to the development of local debris management plans. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that jurisdictions with higher staffing capacities are significantly more likely to implement their hazard mitigation and debris management plans effectively. Finally, the results indicate that there were no statistically significant differences in reported collaboration rates between the two plan types across eight planning stakeholder categories. Moreover, partnerships with academic institutions were the least common for hazard mitigation and debris management plans. It is recommended that more partnerships be developed between local emergency management agencies and academic institutions, particularly with planning degree programs, to address these local planning resource constraints.
{"title":"The impacts of local emergency management agency resource constraints on planning for hazard mitigation and debris management","authors":"Julia C. Crowley , Bowen Liu , Ailing Nan","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aims to measure hazard mitigation and debris management planning resource constraints for local emergency management agencies throughout the United States. A survey tool was developed that contained sections pertaining to plan development, plan implementation, and collaborative partnerships with other planning stakeholders. The survey was distributed to local emergency management agencies in the 50 states, five territories, and the District of Columbia. After cleaning the data, the sample consisted of 309 local emergency managers that represented all 10 regions of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Relevant statistical tests were run to analyze the data. While the results do not provide sufficient evidence to support the hypothesis that resource constraints may inhibit the development of local hazard mitigation plans, there is strong evidence that resource constraints, particularly related to staffing and competing priorities, are significant barriers to the development of local debris management plans. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that jurisdictions with higher staffing capacities are significantly more likely to implement their hazard mitigation and debris management plans effectively. Finally, the results indicate that there were no statistically significant differences in reported collaboration rates between the two plan types across eight planning stakeholder categories. Moreover, partnerships with academic institutions were the least common for hazard mitigation and debris management plans. It is recommended that more partnerships be developed between local emergency management agencies and academic institutions, particularly with planning degree programs, to address these local planning resource constraints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100481
Yuki Shigemoto, William Giniewski
Disasters such as hurricanes disrupt access to essential resources, but loss is not uniform, as it varies in intensity, duration, and psychological impact. Guided by Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study used secondary data from the Galveston Bay Recovery Study (ICPSR 34801) to identify patterns of short-term (at least one day) and mid-term (more than one week) resource loss after Hurricane Ike and to examine links with demographics and psychological distress. Participants were 658 adults from Galveston and Chambers counties who reported loss across nine resources (electricity, drinking water, housing, food, money, job, transportation, clothing, shelter) and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. Mixture modeling yielded four distinct loss profiles at both time points. Most people were classified into profiles with limited disruption, while smaller subgroups experienced severe or compounded loss. High-loss classes were disproportionately low-income, female, and racially/ethnically marginalized and showed significantly higher PTSD and depression symptoms. Over time, many transitioned to lower-loss classes, indicating partial recovery, but others remained in or moved into persistent high-loss profiles, especially when early financial or employment disruptions occurred. Findings underscore heterogeneous recovery trajectories and the need for holistic, equity-focused strategies that address both immediate and sustained resource deprivation.
{"title":"Exploring patterns of short- and mid-term essential resource loss following hurricane Ike: A mixture modeling approach","authors":"Yuki Shigemoto, William Giniewski","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disasters such as hurricanes disrupt access to essential resources, but loss is not uniform, as it varies in intensity, duration, and psychological impact. Guided by Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study used secondary data from the Galveston Bay Recovery Study (ICPSR 34801) to identify patterns of short-term (at least one day) and mid-term (more than one week) resource loss after Hurricane Ike and to examine links with demographics and psychological distress. Participants were 658 adults from Galveston and Chambers counties who reported loss across nine resources (electricity, drinking water, housing, food, money, job, transportation, clothing, shelter) and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. Mixture modeling yielded four distinct loss profiles at both time points. Most people were classified into profiles with limited disruption, while smaller subgroups experienced severe or compounded loss. High-loss classes were disproportionately low-income, female, and racially/ethnically marginalized and showed significantly higher PTSD and depression symptoms. Over time, many transitioned to lower-loss classes, indicating partial recovery, but others remained in or moved into persistent high-loss profiles, especially when early financial or employment disruptions occurred. Findings underscore heterogeneous recovery trajectories and the need for holistic, equity-focused strategies that address both immediate and sustained resource deprivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100475
Dóra Edelmann , Ágota Drégelyi-Kiss , Tibor Goda
Background and objective
Weather conditions are critical to safety at mass events, impacting pedestrian movement and emergency evacuation. This study analyzed fatal crowd accidents and their correlation with weather.
Methods
Data from 161 fatal crowd crush accidents (CCA) at mass gatherings in 65 countries (2000–2024) were collected, including location, date, attendance, casualties, fatalities, weather conditions, and population density data. Apparent temperature (AT) and Humidex (HI) were calculated for the accident days and the preceding and following days. Descriptive analysis and multivariate linear regression model were conducted.
Results
The majority of fatal accidents (61 %, n = 98) occurred in countries with higher population densities. In 59.74 % of cases, the Humidex was above the high discomfort threshold (>30 °C) on the day of the accident. We found a positive monotonic correlation between the number of fatalities, attendance, and air pressure characteristics in the period following and on the day of the accident.
Conclusions
Due to the increased risk of accidents at mass gatherings, risk prevention services and governmental bodies must enact specialized, coordinated measures to mitigate such occurrences. A comprehensive analysis of atmospheric conditions is paramount in preventing accidents.
{"title":"Effect of weather on crowd motion accidents","authors":"Dóra Edelmann , Ágota Drégelyi-Kiss , Tibor Goda","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Weather conditions are critical to safety at mass events, impacting pedestrian movement and emergency evacuation. This study analyzed fatal crowd accidents and their correlation with weather.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 161 fatal crowd crush accidents (CCA) at mass gatherings in 65 countries (2000–2024) were collected, including location, date, attendance, casualties, fatalities, weather conditions, and population density data. Apparent temperature (AT) and Humidex (HI) were calculated for the accident days and the preceding and following days. Descriptive analysis and multivariate linear regression model were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of fatal accidents (61 %, <em>n</em> = 98) occurred in countries with higher population densities. In 59.74 % of cases, the Humidex was above the high discomfort threshold (>30 °C) on the day of the accident. We found a positive monotonic correlation between the number of fatalities, attendance, and air pressure characteristics in the period following and on the day of the accident.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Due to the increased risk of accidents at mass gatherings, risk prevention services and governmental bodies must enact specialized, coordinated measures to mitigate such occurrences. A comprehensive analysis of atmospheric conditions is paramount in preventing accidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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