Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100465
Bo Shen , Lishuo Guo , Shuai Cui , Yi Peng
Shocks from natural disasters and emergencies broadly affect residents' perceptions of uncertainty, dampening their consumption intentions. Yet, few studies have examined the relationship between community resilience and residents' consumption intentions. This study explored the roles of physical spatial resilience and social capital resilience in influencing residents' consumption intentions with survey data from residents in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China. The results generated from structural equation modeling indicate that both social capital resilience and physical space resilience significantly influence residents' consumption intentions, with social capital resilience having a stronger indirect effect and physical spatial resilience exhibiting a more pronounced direct effect. These findings highlight the value of resilient community development in mitigating uncertainty and fostering consumption.
{"title":"Association of community resilience and residents' consumption intentions: A study in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China","authors":"Bo Shen , Lishuo Guo , Shuai Cui , Yi Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shocks from natural disasters and emergencies broadly affect residents' perceptions of uncertainty, dampening their consumption intentions. Yet, few studies have examined the relationship between community resilience and residents' consumption intentions. This study explored the roles of physical spatial resilience and social capital resilience in influencing residents' consumption intentions with survey data from residents in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China. The results generated from structural equation modeling indicate that both social capital resilience and physical space resilience significantly influence residents' consumption intentions, with social capital resilience having a stronger indirect effect and physical spatial resilience exhibiting a more pronounced direct effect. These findings highlight the value of resilient community development in mitigating uncertainty and fostering consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) approach is widely used for slope stabilization and erosion control, yet its long-term effectiveness, structural integrity, and socioeconomic benefits remain insufficiently understood. This study qualitatively assesses countermeasures to geohazards that were implemented at three sites in Nepal as part of the Japan International Cooperation Agency's (JICA's) technical cooperation projects, using locally available materials (rock-filled wire gabions and vegetation). Photo-based comparisons revealed an increase in vegetation cover over 20 to 30 years in previously degraded areas. Gabion check dams stabilized gullies and trapped sediment, but experienced deterioration due to wire corrosion and breakage. A debris flow at Nallu Khola triggered by torrential rainfall on 26–28 September 2024 further exposed the vulnerability of these structures to extreme events, emphasizing the need for more resilient designs. Vegetation-based countermeasures provided livelihood benefits by supplying bamboo for fencing, livestock feed, and household materials. However, economic development has shifted residents toward market-based livelihoods, reducing their reliance on these resources. The sustained activities of the JICA-established user groups highlight the potential for long-term community engagement in land and forest management. While qualitative data offer initial insights, quantitative assessments are needed for precise and standardized evaluations of the countermeasures' effectiveness.
{"title":"Assessing the long-term effectiveness and socioeconomic benefits associated with ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction measures aimed at mitigating the impact of sediment-related events in Nepal","authors":"Hayato Kakinuma , Ching-Ying Tsou , Daisuke Higaki , Reona Kawakami , Chandra Sekar Gautum","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) approach is widely used for slope stabilization and erosion control, yet its long-term effectiveness, structural integrity, and socioeconomic benefits remain insufficiently understood. This study qualitatively assesses countermeasures to geohazards that were implemented at three sites in Nepal as part of the Japan International Cooperation Agency's (JICA's) technical cooperation projects, using locally available materials (rock-filled wire gabions and vegetation). Photo-based comparisons revealed an increase in vegetation cover over 20 to 30 years in previously degraded areas. Gabion check dams stabilized gullies and trapped sediment, but experienced deterioration due to wire corrosion and breakage. A debris flow at Nallu Khola triggered by torrential rainfall on 26–28 September 2024 further exposed the vulnerability of these structures to extreme events, emphasizing the need for more resilient designs. Vegetation-based countermeasures provided livelihood benefits by supplying bamboo for fencing, livestock feed, and household materials. However, economic development has shifted residents toward market-based livelihoods, reducing their reliance on these resources. The sustained activities of the JICA-established user groups highlight the potential for long-term community engagement in land and forest management. While qualitative data offer initial insights, quantitative assessments are needed for precise and standardized evaluations of the countermeasures' effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100463
Sunita Ghimire, Hari Ram Parajuli, Prem Nath Maskey
Historical records indicate that large-magnitude earthquakes have frequently impacted Nepal, leading to widespread destruction and significant loss of life. This study quantifies potential earthquake losses for residential masonry structures by analyzing damage data from the 2015 Gorkha earthquake across 31 affected districts. The residential buildings in the study area are categorized into seven typologies based on construction materials and the number of stories. Damage states were classified into five grades using the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98). Based on these classifications, empirical fragility curves were developed. These curves, integrated with exposure, consequence, vulnerability, and fault rupture models, served as the foundation for a loss estimation analysis. We examined three distinct earthquake scenarios– two historical and one hypothetical - that are representative of seismic activity in central, eastern, and western Nepal. Although post-2015 Gorkha earthquake reconstruction efforts resulted in approximately 1,000,000 seismically compliant residential buildings, an estimated 814,690 pre-existing masonry buildings remain highly vulnerable due to their noncompliance with seismic provisions. This study provides municipality-level economic loss estimations, as well as damage distributions for residential masonry buildings, for three scenarios, marking the first time this has been done in the study area.
{"title":"Earthquake loss estimation due to damage to residential masonry buildings during scenario earthquakes in Nepal","authors":"Sunita Ghimire, Hari Ram Parajuli, Prem Nath Maskey","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Historical records indicate that large-magnitude earthquakes have frequently impacted Nepal, leading to widespread destruction and significant loss of life. This study quantifies potential earthquake losses for residential masonry structures by analyzing damage data from the 2015 Gorkha earthquake across 31 affected districts. The residential buildings in the study area are categorized into seven typologies based on construction materials and the number of stories. Damage states were classified into five grades using the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS-98). Based on these classifications, empirical fragility curves were developed. These curves, integrated with exposure, consequence, vulnerability, and fault rupture models, served as the foundation for a loss estimation analysis. We examined three distinct earthquake scenarios– two historical and one hypothetical - that are representative of seismic activity in central, eastern, and western Nepal. Although post-2015 Gorkha earthquake reconstruction efforts resulted in approximately 1,000,000 seismically compliant residential buildings, an estimated 814,690 pre-existing masonry buildings remain highly vulnerable due to their noncompliance with seismic provisions. This study provides municipality-level economic loss estimations, as well as damage distributions for residential masonry buildings, for three scenarios, marking the first time this has been done in the study area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Entrepreneurs—especially early entrepreneurs—face numerous challenges throughout their entrepreneurial journey. These challenges and adversities can create distinct personal and professional strains resulting in poor physical, mental, and emotional health. Thus, entrepreneurs must exercise resilience-building to properly prepare for, respond to, and recover from potential adversities. We frame adversities as “environmental shocks” to the entrepreneurial ecosystem using a disaster and emergency management and social work conceptual lens. Entrepreneurs subjected to these shocks then adopt resilience-building strategies as protective factors against future shocks, affording them the ability to bounce back or “bounce forward.” Using semi-structured interviews, we examined the types of adversities and resilience-building strategies employed by 27 Canadian entrepreneurs. Results indicated two forms of adversity and resilience-building—personal and professional— and the interplay within and between them. Personal and professional resilience included seeking therapy and financial preparedness while personal and professional adversity included isolation and problematic co‑leader relationships. Findings from the study call for entrepreneurial-specific social service and training programs which address the manifestations of adversity and offer practical strategies to enhance resilience. This research highlights a unique view of entrepreneurial adversity and resilience and offers a foundation for future research on Canadian entrepreneurial contexts.
{"title":"Adversity and resilience-building in the Canadian entrepreneurial ecosystem: Using disaster, emergency management and social work to understand entrepreneurs' experiences","authors":"Lea Tufford , Kyle Breen , Jenna Hepburn , Haorui Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entrepreneurs—especially early entrepreneurs—face numerous challenges throughout their entrepreneurial journey. These challenges and adversities can create distinct personal and professional strains resulting in poor physical, mental, and emotional health. Thus, entrepreneurs must exercise resilience-building to properly prepare for, respond to, and recover from potential adversities. We frame adversities as “environmental shocks” to the entrepreneurial ecosystem using a disaster and emergency management and social work conceptual lens. Entrepreneurs subjected to these shocks then adopt resilience-building strategies as protective factors against future shocks, affording them the ability to bounce back or “bounce forward.” Using semi-structured interviews, we examined the types of adversities and resilience-building strategies employed by 27 Canadian entrepreneurs. Results indicated two forms of adversity and resilience-building—personal and professional— and the interplay within and between them. Personal and professional resilience included seeking therapy and financial preparedness while personal and professional adversity included isolation and problematic co‑leader relationships. Findings from the study call for entrepreneurial-specific social service and training programs which address the manifestations of adversity and offer practical strategies to enhance resilience. This research highlights a unique view of entrepreneurial adversity and resilience and offers a foundation for future research on Canadian entrepreneurial contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Floods are among the most frequent and destructive natural hazards triggered by snowmelt, intense and prolonged precipitation. This study aimed to delineate flood-prone areas across Texas, USA, by integrating geospatial data with a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed within this framework to evaluate systematically and weight key flood conditioning factors. The factor weights in the AHP were established based on insights from expert evaluations, literature, and feedback from relevant public institutions. Flood susceptibility mapping effectiveness was assessed through the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, focusing on the Area under the Curve (AUC) metric. A multi-criteria weighted overlay method was used to combine various geospatial layers. The flood susceptibility map was validated using historical storm event data from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), covering the period from 1985 to the present. The final susceptibility map achieved a high AUC score of 0.90, reflecting a robust agreement between the model's predictions and real-world flood events. The most flood-vulnerable basins include the Sulphur, Cypress, Trinity, Neches-Trinity, Sabine, Guadalupe, and Neches basins, which stand out as the most at-risk areas identified in the analysis. The spatial analysis of the flood susceptibility map revealed that approximately 62 % of the study area falls under high flood risk. Thus, priority should be given to implementing targeted flood management and mitigation strategies in the high-risk river basins.
{"title":"Integrating multi-criteria decision analysis and geospatial data for flood susceptibility mapping in Texas, USA","authors":"Birhan Getachew Tikuye , Ram Lakhan Ray , Nimal Shantha Abeysingha , Sanjita Gurau","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floods are among the most frequent and destructive natural hazards triggered by snowmelt, intense and prolonged precipitation. This study aimed to delineate flood-prone areas across Texas, USA, by integrating geospatial data with a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed within this framework to evaluate systematically and weight key flood conditioning factors. The factor weights in the AHP were established based on insights from expert evaluations, literature, and feedback from relevant public institutions. Flood susceptibility mapping effectiveness was assessed through the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, focusing on the Area under the Curve (AUC) metric. A multi-criteria weighted overlay method was used to combine various geospatial layers. The flood susceptibility map was validated using historical storm event data from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), covering the period from 1985 to the present. The final susceptibility map achieved a high AUC score of 0.90, reflecting a robust agreement between the model's predictions and real-world flood events. The most flood-vulnerable basins include the Sulphur, Cypress, Trinity, Neches-Trinity, Sabine, Guadalupe, and Neches basins, which stand out as the most at-risk areas identified in the analysis. The spatial analysis of the flood susceptibility map revealed that approximately 62 % of the study area falls under high flood risk. Thus, priority should be given to implementing targeted flood management and mitigation strategies in the high-risk river basins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-15DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100460
Daile Zhang , Mary Ann Cooper , Ronald L. Holle , Mitchell Guthrie
In some countries, lightning causes more deaths than other weather events more commonly thought of as disasters, so there is a need for safe refuges during thunderstorms. Lightning also occurs with volcanoes, hurricanes, tornadoes and other disasters so that disaster refuges in most areas should have lightning protection systems designed consistent with international standards. Of special concern is that the term ‘shelter’ in the U.S. and some other English-speaking countries is associated with many small structures that are nearly always unsafe from lightning. Factors that contribute to lightning risk are listed, as well as the importance of recognizing the mechanisms of lightning injury. Photographic examples are included of structures that are unsafe from lightning in several countries. How to make such structures safe from lightning is described as well as a brief overview of lightning injury prevention.
{"title":"Use caution with the word ‘shelter’ in lightning safety","authors":"Daile Zhang , Mary Ann Cooper , Ronald L. Holle , Mitchell Guthrie","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In some countries, lightning causes more deaths than other weather events more commonly thought of as disasters, so there is a need for safe refuges during thunderstorms. Lightning also occurs with volcanoes, hurricanes, tornadoes and other disasters so that disaster refuges in most areas should have lightning protection systems designed consistent with international standards. Of special concern is that the term ‘shelter’ in the U.S. and some other English-speaking countries is associated with many small structures that are nearly always unsafe from lightning. Factors that contribute to lightning risk are listed, as well as the importance of recognizing the mechanisms of lightning injury. Photographic examples are included of structures that are unsafe from lightning in several countries. How to make such structures safe from lightning is described as well as a brief overview of lightning injury prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amid increasing extreme weather events driven by global climate change, pre-emptive emergency drills are vital for strengthening disaster resilience. This paper focuses on risk identification and prevention in multi-level flood and typhoon prevention emergency drills, aiming to achieve effective risk management across administrative levels. Through literature review and expert consultation, 24 risk factors were hierarchically identified. A quantitative risk assessment model was developed by integrating the risk matrix and cloud model eigenvalues. The results show that risks are the most serious at municipal-level drills, with 20 risk factors (79.17 % of the total) at Level-III and above, decreasing at lower administrative levels (where risk level are categorized into Level-I (Major), Level-II (Large), Level-III (General), and Level-IV (Low) based on the risk matrix integrating likelihood and consequence levels, and Level-III and above risks may trigger resource wastage, drill failure, or even personnel casualties). Temporally, 39 risk factors at Level-III and above were concentrated in preparation stages across all administrative levels, declining to 3 such risk factors during rectification stage. Spatially, the number of risk factors peaked during the municipal-level and county-level preparation stages (11 risk factors respectively at Level-III and above), with their quantity gradually decreasing as the administrative level decreases and drill stages advance. Based on these findings, a systematic risk prevention matrix is proposed to offer targeted guidance for multi-level flood and typhoon prevention emergency drills in addressing climate change-induced disaster challenges.
{"title":"Risk identification and prevention of multi-level flood and typhoon prevention emergency drills","authors":"Feifeng Cao , Changhui Chen , Conglin Zhang , Jianwu Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid increasing extreme weather events driven by global climate change, pre-emptive emergency drills are vital for strengthening disaster resilience. This paper focuses on risk identification and prevention in multi-level flood and typhoon prevention emergency drills, aiming to achieve effective risk management across administrative levels. Through literature review and expert consultation, 24 risk factors were hierarchically identified. A quantitative risk assessment model was developed by integrating the risk matrix and cloud model eigenvalues. The results show that risks are the most serious at municipal-level drills, with 20 risk factors (79.17 % of the total) at Level-III and above, decreasing at lower administrative levels (where risk level are categorized into Level-I (Major), Level-II (Large), Level-III (General), and Level-IV (Low) based on the risk matrix integrating likelihood and consequence levels, and Level-III and above risks may trigger resource wastage, drill failure, or even personnel casualties). Temporally, 39 risk factors at Level-III and above were concentrated in preparation stages across all administrative levels, declining to 3 such risk factors during rectification stage. Spatially, the number of risk factors peaked during the municipal-level and county-level preparation stages (11 risk factors respectively at Level-III and above), with their quantity gradually decreasing as the administrative level decreases and drill stages advance. Based on these findings, a systematic risk prevention matrix is proposed to offer targeted guidance for multi-level flood and typhoon prevention emergency drills in addressing climate change-induced disaster challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100459
Samuel Bekele , Domenico Patassini , Jacopo Galli
Following the two-year war (2020−2022) in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, more than two million people were internally displaced. A large number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) suffered precarious shelter and settlement conditions, resulting in unsafe, undignified, and substandard living environments. Construction of emergency shelter within a short timeframe, limited availability of humanitarian partners, logistical constraints, and scarce resources were among the major challenges. These issues were further exacerbated by the lack of a comprehensive assessment of shelter typologies, as well as traditional construction methods and settlement patterns. The aim of this study is to assess shelter typologies and construction systems, as well as to examine settlement characteristics, delivery, and management approaches. Particular emphasis is placed on innovative shelter solutions and sustainability. A multi-site case study, combined with within- and cross-case analysis, enabled the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data across multiple locations. Data were gathered through interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, on-site observations, and visual documentation, supported by a comprehensive literature review. The study identified sixteen distinct shelter typologies, each varying in design, construction methods, building materials, and longevity across four primary settlement morphologies.Settlements were created through IDPs self construction or direct by humanitarian partners.
{"title":"Internally displaced in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia): Management and sustainability of shelter and settlement","authors":"Samuel Bekele , Domenico Patassini , Jacopo Galli","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Following the two-year war (2020−2022) in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, more than two million people were internally displaced. A large number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) suffered precarious shelter and settlement conditions, resulting in unsafe, undignified, and substandard living environments. Construction of emergency shelter within a short timeframe, limited availability of humanitarian partners, logistical constraints, and scarce resources were among the major challenges. These issues were further exacerbated by the lack of a comprehensive assessment of shelter typologies, as well as traditional construction methods and settlement patterns. The aim of this study is to assess shelter typologies and construction systems, as well as to examine settlement characteristics, delivery, and management approaches. Particular emphasis is placed on innovative shelter solutions and sustainability. A multi-site case study, combined with within- and cross-case analysis, enabled the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data across multiple locations. Data were gathered through interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions, on-site observations, and visual documentation, supported by a comprehensive literature review. The study identified sixteen distinct shelter typologies, each varying in design, construction methods, building materials, and longevity across four primary settlement morphologies.Settlements were created through IDPs self construction or direct by humanitarian partners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100456
Norazam Ab Samah , Khamarrul Azahari Razak , Abdullah Mahmud , Dzulkarnaen Ismail , Muhammad Fauzie Ismail , Liyana Hayatun Syamila Ramlee , Bondan Galih Dewanto
An integrated post-disaster recovery (PDR) strategy is pivotal to enhance societal resilience and accelerate our commitment to the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. This study presents the Resilient Resettlement Model (RRM), a novel framework designed to co-implement resilient resettlement solutions in complex disaster contexts. This study aims: i) to identify design considerations derived from empirical observations of past resettlement projects, emphasizing principles: ‘Build Back Better,’ ‘Bounce Back Faster,’ and ‘Strengthen Risk Reduction’; ii) to develop a theoretical framework for resilient resettlement design in post-disaster scenarios; and iii) to establish the RRM to support the Humanitarian-Development Nexus (HDN). Based on the systematic literature reviews, field observations, surveys, evidence-based case studies, and expert validation, this study adopts a two-phase sequential mixed-method design approach based on three significant disasters in the Southeast Asia region. The MERCY Malaysia's involvement in the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami in Aceh, Indonesia, the 2014 Kelantan flood in Malaysia, and the 2018 Palu Earthquake and Tsunami in Indonesia were explored to uncover new insights into resettlement implementation model and best practices. The study highlights the critical role of planning and design considerations in successful resettlement efforts. Integrating two decades of international humanitarian experience, this research offers prospective views to the disaster recovery preparedness strategies and recommendations that incorporate physical, environmental, social, economic, and institutional components of design considerations towards achieving resilient post-disaster resettlements.
{"title":"Resilient resettlement model: Progress and new insights into humanitarian-development Nexus","authors":"Norazam Ab Samah , Khamarrul Azahari Razak , Abdullah Mahmud , Dzulkarnaen Ismail , Muhammad Fauzie Ismail , Liyana Hayatun Syamila Ramlee , Bondan Galih Dewanto","doi":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An integrated post-disaster recovery (PDR) strategy is pivotal to enhance societal resilience and accelerate our commitment to the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. This study presents the Resilient Resettlement Model (RRM), a novel framework designed to co-implement resilient resettlement solutions in complex disaster contexts. This study aims: i) to identify design considerations derived from empirical observations of past resettlement projects, emphasizing principles: ‘Build Back Better,’ ‘Bounce Back Faster,’ and ‘Strengthen Risk Reduction’; ii) to develop a theoretical framework for resilient resettlement design in post-disaster scenarios; and iii) to establish the RRM to support the Humanitarian-Development Nexus (HDN). Based on the systematic literature reviews, field observations, surveys, evidence-based case studies, and expert validation, this study adopts a two-phase sequential mixed-method design approach based on three significant disasters in the Southeast Asia region. The MERCY Malaysia's involvement in the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami in Aceh, Indonesia, the 2014 Kelantan flood in Malaysia, and the 2018 Palu Earthquake and Tsunami in Indonesia were explored to uncover new insights into resettlement implementation model and best practices. The study highlights the critical role of planning and design considerations in successful resettlement efforts. Integrating two decades of international humanitarian experience, this research offers prospective views to the disaster recovery preparedness strategies and recommendations that incorporate physical, environmental, social, economic, and institutional components of design considerations towards achieving resilient post-disaster resettlements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52341,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Disaster Science","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1016/j.pdisas.2025.100455
Qinglong An, Chiho Ochiai
Frequent climate change increasingly exposes cities to multi-disaster risks, directly threatening human safety and well-being. Urban morphology shares theoretical content and spatiotemporal characteristics with Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). Exploring the relationship between urban form and disaster risk is particularly important to guide urban design and policymaking. To understand how urban form contributes to DRR, this study employed bibliometric and content analyses to review relevant literature based on a theoretical study rooted in urban morphology and DRR. Specifically, this review examined existing research trends, and the methods, data, and key elements of urban form utilized at different scales. The result reveals the progress in urban morphology and DRR research, which is driven by global frameworks such as the Yokohama Strategy, Hyogo Framework for Action, and Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Key gaps include spatiotemporal complexities, precise disaster risk data, and sociocultural factors. Quantitative methods dominate current research, but the integration of qualitative methods including transect walks, stakeholder interviews and cultural mapping provides complementary insights into the socio-cultural dimensions behind urban form, and implicit disaster response mechanisms in urban resilience. Future research should broaden cross-regional studies, incorporate multi-hazard perspectives, and integrate disaster cycles to develop more comprehensive and globally applicable policies.
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