The aim of this paper is to define the nature of puzzling texts published at the end of the nineteenth century by H. von Wlislocki. Are they fruits of his creative fantasy, a mystification, or some non-Gypsy texts disguised as Gypsy tales? Can it be that they represent authentic Romani folklore and have links with Indian culture, as Wlislocki suggested? In the paper, two myths and a folktale from Wlislocki’s collection are analyzed against the wide background of world folklore. Parallels to these texts have been found in India, though not in the Sanskrit literature where Wlislocki looked for them, but in the mythologies of Indian tribes. This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .
本文旨在界定 H. von Wlislocki 在十九世纪末出版的令人费解的文本的性质。它们是他创作幻想的成果、神秘化的产物，还是一些伪装成吉普赛故事的非吉普赛文本？它们是否如 Wlislocki 所说，代表了真实的罗姆民间传说，并与印第安文化有联系？本文以广泛的世界民间文学为背景，分析了 Wlislocki 作品集中的两个神话和一个民间故事。在印度也发现了与这些文本相似的内容，不过不是在维斯洛奇寻找的梵文文献中，而是在印度部落的神话中。 本文以 CC BY 许可方式公开发表：https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 。
{"title":"The folklore of the European Roma and mythologies of the Indian tribal world","authors":"Yaroslav Vassilkov","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to define the nature of puzzling texts published at the end of the nineteenth century by H. von Wlislocki. Are they fruits of his creative fantasy, a mystification, or some non-Gypsy texts disguised as Gypsy tales? Can it be that they represent authentic Romani folklore and have links with Indian culture, as Wlislocki suggested? In the paper, two myths and a folktale from Wlislocki’s collection are analyzed against the wide background of world folklore. Parallels to these texts have been found in India, though not in the Sanskrit literature where Wlislocki looked for them, but in the mythologies of Indian tribes.\u0000 \u0000 This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:\u0000 https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0\u0000 .\u0000","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":"18 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An assumption shared for years by Romani studies scholars is that the Roma language is seminal to the group’s identity. The text is an in-depth analysis of the beliefs of Roma in Poland regarding their mother tongue. The inspiration for this exploration stems from a theoretical model shedding light on correlations between knowledge of the Romani language and the Roma ethnic identity, the model Marushiakova and Popov developed with reference to the situation of Roma in Central Eastern Europe. The paper focuses on the question: What meaning do Roma in Poland assign to knowledge of the Romani language in the construction of their own ethnic identity? The authors argue that irrespective of the fact that the mother tongue currently appears to be a key element of group identity, Romaniness contains the potential to reproduce itself even under circumstances of language abandonment and even among the most conservative Romani groups. This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .
罗姆人研究学者多年来的一个共同假设是，罗姆语对该群体的身份认同至关重要。本文深入分析了波兰罗姆人对其母语的看法。这一探讨的灵感来源于揭示罗姆语知识与罗姆人民族身份之间相关性的理论模型，即 Marushiakova 和 Popov 参照中东欧罗姆人的状况而开发的模型。本文重点探讨的问题是波兰的罗姆人在构建自己的民族身份时赋予罗姆语知识怎样的意义？作者认为，尽管母语目前似乎是群体身份认同的一个关键因素，但即使在语言被遗弃的情况下，甚至在最保守的罗姆群体中，罗姆语也具有自我复制的潜力。 本文根据 CC BY 许可公开发表：https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 。
{"title":"Attitudes towards the mother tongue among Roma in Poland","authors":"Ewa Nowicka, Maciej Witkowski","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"An assumption shared for years by Romani studies scholars is that the Roma language is seminal to the group’s identity. The text is an in-depth analysis of the beliefs of Roma in Poland regarding their mother tongue. The inspiration for this exploration stems from a theoretical model shedding light on correlations between knowledge of the Romani language and the Roma ethnic identity, the model Marushiakova and Popov developed with reference to the situation of Roma in Central Eastern Europe. The paper focuses on the question: What meaning do Roma in Poland assign to knowledge of the Romani language in the construction of their own ethnic identity? The authors argue that irrespective of the fact that the mother tongue currently appears to be a key element of group identity, Romaniness contains the potential to reproduce itself even under circumstances of language abandonment and even among the most conservative Romani groups.\u0000 \u0000 This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:\u0000 https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0\u0000 .\u0000","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":"52 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The origin of the self-appellation Sinti has been the subject of investigation for well over 200 years. In the wake of the discovery of the Indo-Aryan affiliation of Romani, one of the earliest sources (Biester 1793b) mentioning the term “Sinte” interprets it as der wahre Name (the true name) of all Gypsies and allocates its origin to the province Sindh of the Indian sub-continent (Biester 1793b: 365–6). More recently, Matras (1999; 2019) argued for the term Sinti to be a European borrowing in Romani due to its employment of inflectional patterns characteristic of European loanwords. In this paper, early attestations of this self-appellation with regard to their dialectological inferences are examined and an underlying root sint is ascertained. Via the Middle High German (MHG) etymon sint , in the meaning of “way, road, journey,” and the German collective and appellative suffix -e , the meaning of Sinti is interpreted as “wayfarers” or “those who journey.” This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .
{"title":"The origin of the self-appellation Sinti: A historical and linguistic examination","authors":"Daphne Reitinger","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The origin of the self-appellation Sinti has been the subject of investigation for well over 200 years. In the wake of the discovery of the Indo-Aryan affiliation of Romani, one of the earliest sources (Biester 1793b) mentioning the term “Sinte” interprets it as\u0000 der wahre Name\u0000 (the true name) of all Gypsies and allocates its origin to the province Sindh of the Indian sub-continent (Biester 1793b: 365–6). More recently, Matras (1999; 2019) argued for the term\u0000 Sinti\u0000 to be a European borrowing in Romani due to its employment of inflectional patterns characteristic of European loanwords. In this paper, early attestations of this self-appellation with regard to their dialectological inferences are examined and an underlying root\u0000 sint\u0000 is ascertained. Via the Middle High German (MHG) etymon\u0000 sint\u0000 , in the meaning of “way, road, journey,” and the German collective and appellative suffix\u0000 -e\u0000 , the meaning of\u0000 Sinti\u0000 is interpreted as “wayfarers” or “those who journey.”\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:\u0000 https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0\u0000 .\u0000","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":"10 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .
本文以 CC BY 许可的方式公开发表：https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 。
{"title":"Link to the Full Issue","authors":"","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:\u0000 https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0\u0000 .\u0000","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elżbieta Mirga-Wójtowicz, M. Garapich, Kamila Fiałkowska
Roma ethnicity presents scholars with plenty of conceptual and methodological challenges, which in the light of the increased mobility of that largest European minority after EU enlargements has additionally perplexed academics and policymakers alike. This article presents our fieldwork data derived from encounters and conversations with Roma individuals in Poland and England. Our approach to this issue is rooted in the emic perspective, examining how Roma people navigate and cope with their own heterogeneity. By focusing on the relationship between two Roma groups from Poland, namely Polska Roma and Bergitka (or Carpathian) Roma, we shed light on Roma’s practical approaches to their group identity. We explore what is at stake when boundaries are encountered, negotiated, and occasionally bridged, in particular when it comes to gender and conflict resolution strategies. In the article, we account for the two groups’ interconnections through the history of migrations and current modes of transnational living. We show how, interestingly, nationality or common country of origin may become the binding factor. This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 .
罗姆人种族问题给学者们带来了大量概念和方法上的挑战，而欧盟扩大后，这个欧洲最大的少数民族流动性增加，这也让学者和政策制定者们感到困惑。本文介绍了我们在波兰和英国与罗姆人接触和交谈所获得的实地调查数据。我们对这一问题的研究方法植根于情感视角，考察罗姆人如何驾驭和应对自身的异质性。通过关注波兰两个罗姆人群体（即波兰罗姆人和贝尔吉特卡（或喀尔巴阡）罗姆人）之间的关系，我们揭示了罗姆人对其群体身份认同的实际做法。我们探讨了在遭遇、协商和偶尔弥合界限时，特别是在性别和冲突解决策略方面的利害关系。在文章中，我们通过迁徙历史和当前的跨国生活模式来说明这两个群体之间的相互联系。有趣的是，我们展示了国籍或共同的原籍国是如何成为约束因素的。 本文以 CC BY 许可方式公开发表：https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0 。
{"title":"Migratory encounters, common idiom, and the king: The relationship between two Roma groups from Poland in transnational social space","authors":"Elżbieta Mirga-Wójtowicz, M. Garapich, Kamila Fiałkowska","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.10","url":null,"abstract":"Roma ethnicity presents scholars with plenty of conceptual and methodological challenges, which in the light of the increased mobility of that largest European minority after EU enlargements has additionally perplexed academics and policymakers alike. This article presents our fieldwork data derived from encounters and conversations with Roma individuals in Poland and England. Our approach to this issue is rooted in the emic perspective, examining how Roma people navigate and cope with their own heterogeneity. By focusing on the relationship between two Roma groups from Poland, namely Polska Roma and Bergitka (or Carpathian) Roma, we shed light on Roma’s practical approaches to their group identity. We explore what is at stake when boundaries are encountered, negotiated, and occasionally bridged, in particular when it comes to gender and conflict resolution strategies. In the article, we account for the two groups’ interconnections through the history of migrations and current modes of transnational living. We show how, interestingly, nationality or common country of origin may become the binding factor.\u0000 \u0000 This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:\u0000 https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0\u0000 .\u0000","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forgotten pioneers? The Karelian connection and the role of Kaale women in the mobilization of Finnish Roma at the start of the twentieth century","authors":"R. Roman, Risto Blomster","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46387747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women breadwinners in Gypsy socio-professional groups of pre-industrial Wallachia","authors":"Julieta Rotaru","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44952925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: Roma women and civic emancipation in the interwar period","authors":"Sofiya Zahova","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women’s evangelical activities and church growth in Romani communities","authors":"M. Slavkova","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47264318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Roma women activism under communist rule: The cases of the USSR (the 1920s and 1930s) and Bulgaria (1960s and 1970s)","authors":"E. Marushiakova, V. Popov","doi":"10.3828/rost.2023.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52533,"journal":{"name":"Romani Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41329084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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