Andi Baso Pangeran, Moh. Azhar Afandy, Fikrah Dian Indrawati Sawali
Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD) is widely employed in the process of optimizing the applications of coagulants for wastewater treatment. The experiment aims to evaluate the effect of the FeSO4.7H2O concentration and settling time on removing the chromium hexavalent (Cr (VI)) from wastewater by coagulation-flocculation using RSM-CCD. This experiment was carried out based on the results of the model and optimization using the RSM-CCD to obtain the removal efficiency of Cr (VI) as well as determine the influence of the concentration of FeSO4.7H2O (X1) and settling time (X2). The RSM-CCD experimental design uses a two-factor and two-level design with 13 experimental runs and 5 center points. Inter-variable regression coefficients are also produced with the elimination of Cr (VI). The ANOVA test results showed a fairly significant figure for the assembled model. The model validation results show that the proposed model is compatible with the experimental results. RSM optimization shows optimum conditions based on experimental FeSO4.7H2O coagulant concentration variables and coagulation time at 150 mg/L coagulant concentration and 60 minutes of time, and the prediction results based on RSM-CCD optimization using Design Expert show the most optimum condition at 165,562 mg/L coagulant concentrations and 60,527 minutes of time.
{"title":"Efficiency of FeSO4.7H2O as a Coagulant on Chromium Hexavalent Removal Using Coagulation-Flocculation Process: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Andi Baso Pangeran, Moh. Azhar Afandy, Fikrah Dian Indrawati Sawali","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3560","url":null,"abstract":"Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD) is widely employed in the process of optimizing the applications of coagulants for wastewater treatment. The experiment aims to evaluate the effect of the FeSO4.7H2O concentration and settling time on removing the chromium hexavalent (Cr (VI)) from wastewater by coagulation-flocculation using RSM-CCD. This experiment was carried out based on the results of the model and optimization using the RSM-CCD to obtain the removal efficiency of Cr (VI) as well as determine the influence of the concentration of FeSO4.7H2O (X1) and settling time (X2). The RSM-CCD experimental design uses a two-factor and two-level design with 13 experimental runs and 5 center points. Inter-variable regression coefficients are also produced with the elimination of Cr (VI). The ANOVA test results showed a fairly significant figure for the assembled model. The model validation results show that the proposed model is compatible with the experimental results. RSM optimization shows optimum conditions based on experimental FeSO4.7H2O coagulant concentration variables and coagulation time at 150 mg/L coagulant concentration and 60 minutes of time, and the prediction results based on RSM-CCD optimization using Design Expert show the most optimum condition at 165,562 mg/L coagulant concentrations and 60,527 minutes of time.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Noor Isnaini Azkiya, None S. Sigit Udjiana, None Arya Rizqy Irangga, None Anatasya Tania Febiyanti
Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be degraded and decomposed quickly by microorganisms in the soil. In this study, biodegradable plastic was made with starch from cassava peel waste, sorbitol as a plasticizer, and calcium silicate as a filler. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the amount of filler and the amount of plasticizer on biodegradation properties, tensile and elongation strength, and water absorption properties. The variables used in the plasticizer are 30%, 40%, and 50% (w/w) of the weight of cassava peel starch. While the variables used for filler are 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% (w/w) of the weight of cassava peel starch. The results of the study showed that the highest biodegradation test results were 81.7% with 7% calcium silicate filler variables and 50% plasticizer sorbitol, tensile strength test obtained the highest value of 0.767 MPa on 3% calcium silicate filler variables and 30% sorbitol, elongation test with the highest value on the filler variable calcium silicate 7% and sorbitol 30% that is equal to 5.20% and the water adsorption test obtained the smallest value is 10.33% on the filler variable calcium silicate 1% and sorbitol 30%. The biodegradable plastic as a result of this research has met the standards for degradation ability based on the ASTM 6400 standard but has not met the standards for tensile strength, elongation, and water adsorption.
{"title":"The Potential of Cassava Peel Waste as a Material of Biodegradable Plastic using Calcium Silicate Filler","authors":"None Noor Isnaini Azkiya, None S. Sigit Udjiana, None Arya Rizqy Irangga, None Anatasya Tania Febiyanti","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.1721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.1721","url":null,"abstract":"Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be degraded and decomposed quickly by microorganisms in the soil. In this study, biodegradable plastic was made with starch from cassava peel waste, sorbitol as a plasticizer, and calcium silicate as a filler. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the amount of filler and the amount of plasticizer on biodegradation properties, tensile and elongation strength, and water absorption properties. The variables used in the plasticizer are 30%, 40%, and 50% (w/w) of the weight of cassava peel starch. While the variables used for filler are 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% (w/w) of the weight of cassava peel starch. The results of the study showed that the highest biodegradation test results were 81.7% with 7% calcium silicate filler variables and 50% plasticizer sorbitol, tensile strength test obtained the highest value of 0.767 MPa on 3% calcium silicate filler variables and 30% sorbitol, elongation test with the highest value on the filler variable calcium silicate 7% and sorbitol 30% that is equal to 5.20% and the water adsorption test obtained the smallest value is 10.33% on the filler variable calcium silicate 1% and sorbitol 30%. The biodegradable plastic as a result of this research has met the standards for degradation ability based on the ASTM 6400 standard but has not met the standards for tensile strength, elongation, and water adsorption.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Restaurant liquid waste contains elevated pollutant levels and is commonly discharged directly into the environment, leading to adverse impacts on ecosystems and aquatic life. The traditional methods for processing such wastewater often involve extensive land usage and complicated operations, posing challenges for effective treatment. Therefore, there is a need for a more practical technology to manage restaurant liquid waste, and one promising approach is the utilization of membrane technology for wastewater treatment. In this study, the researchers employed a combination process of multilevel filters with downflow flow and PES membrane ultrafiltration to treat the restaurant liquid waste. The multilevel filter comprised several layers of filter media, including silica sand, activated carbon, zeolite, and gravel, with specific thicknesses on a PVC pipe. For the PES membrane, two different concentrations were tested: 15% and 20% PES. To evaluate the efficiency of the treatment process, pollutant parameters such as pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solids), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), and turbidity were measured. The results indicated significant pollutant reduction: pH levels could reach 6.9, TSS degradation achieved up to 98.37%, COD degradation up to 88.14%, and turbidity degradation up to 97.03%. Based on the outcomes, the most effective treatment for converting restaurant wastewater into clean water involved the combined use of multilevel filters and a 20% PES membrane ultrafiltration system.
{"title":"Restaurant Liquid Waste Treatment into Clean Water Using Graded Filter-Ultrafiltration Membrane Polyethersulfone (PES) Method","authors":"Intan Fadhilah, Abd Mujahid Hamdan, Fachrul Razi","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.1691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.1691","url":null,"abstract":"Restaurant liquid waste contains elevated pollutant levels and is commonly discharged directly into the environment, leading to adverse impacts on ecosystems and aquatic life. The traditional methods for processing such wastewater often involve extensive land usage and complicated operations, posing challenges for effective treatment. Therefore, there is a need for a more practical technology to manage restaurant liquid waste, and one promising approach is the utilization of membrane technology for wastewater treatment. In this study, the researchers employed a combination process of multilevel filters with downflow flow and PES membrane ultrafiltration to treat the restaurant liquid waste. The multilevel filter comprised several layers of filter media, including silica sand, activated carbon, zeolite, and gravel, with specific thicknesses on a PVC pipe. For the PES membrane, two different concentrations were tested: 15% and 20% PES. To evaluate the efficiency of the treatment process, pollutant parameters such as pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solids), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), and turbidity were measured. The results indicated significant pollutant reduction: pH levels could reach 6.9, TSS degradation achieved up to 98.37%, COD degradation up to 88.14%, and turbidity degradation up to 97.03%. Based on the outcomes, the most effective treatment for converting restaurant wastewater into clean water involved the combined use of multilevel filters and a 20% PES membrane ultrafiltration system.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rina Ridara, Muhammad Muhammad, Adi Setiawan, Shafira Riskina, Siti Nurjannah
The production of bioethanol from non-plant lignocellulosic materials has reached a commercial scale and is advocated as a possible solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector. Porang pulp tubers can be converted into bioethanol because they have abundant potential due to their high glucomannan content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation time and the ratio of yeast addition on bioethanol production. The methods used are hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation methods. The hydrolysis process used 5% (v/v) HCl catalyst, the fermentation process with 6 gr sample powder tuber of waste used Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria with varying ratios of 2.5, 4 and 6.5 g and variations in fermentation time for 2, 4 and 6 days at 38-40˚C. The results showed that the duration of fermentation had a significant effect on the yield of bioethanol, where microorganisms have the opportunity to break down more glucose to produce bioethanol. While the ratio of the addition of yeast added to the fermentation process, the greater the ratio of the addition of yeast, the greater the bioethanol produced. Where the addition of 6.5 grams of yeast and 6 days of fermentation time, resulted in a yield of 9.889%, a bioethanol concentration of 37.599%, a refractive index of 1.3642 and a density of 1.04 g/ml.
{"title":"Characterization of Bioethanol from Tuber of Porang Waste Fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enzyme: Effect of Fermentation Time and Yeast Ratio","authors":"Rina Ridara, Muhammad Muhammad, Adi Setiawan, Shafira Riskina, Siti Nurjannah","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3199","url":null,"abstract":"The production of bioethanol from non-plant lignocellulosic materials has reached a commercial scale and is advocated as a possible solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector. Porang pulp tubers can be converted into bioethanol because they have abundant potential due to their high glucomannan content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation time and the ratio of yeast addition on bioethanol production. The methods used are hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation methods. The hydrolysis process used 5% (v/v) HCl catalyst, the fermentation process with 6 gr sample powder tuber of waste used Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria with varying ratios of 2.5, 4 and 6.5 g and variations in fermentation time for 2, 4 and 6 days at 38-40˚C. The results showed that the duration of fermentation had a significant effect on the yield of bioethanol, where microorganisms have the opportunity to break down more glucose to produce bioethanol. While the ratio of the addition of yeast added to the fermentation process, the greater the ratio of the addition of yeast, the greater the bioethanol produced. Where the addition of 6.5 grams of yeast and 6 days of fermentation time, resulted in a yield of 9.889%, a bioethanol concentration of 37.599%, a refractive index of 1.3642 and a density of 1.04 g/ml.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"30 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayu Nur Sabila, Theresia Evila Purwanti Sri Rahayu, Oto Prasadi
Fresh bread has high potential for creating food waste that increases every year, because of its relatively short shelf life of 3-4 days after leaving the baking process. One way to extend the shelf life of bread is by using charcoal. Nipah fronds contain lignin elements that are good for charcoal. This study aims to determine the characteristics of charcoal from nipah fronds, the effectiveness of charcoal's ability to extend the shelf life of fresh bread, the effect of burning time, particle size and adsorbent mass on the storage time of fresh bread, the effect of the ratio of nipah frond adsorbent to commercial silica gel on the storage time compared to quality requirements of fresh bread of SNI 01-3840-1995 2013. Charcoal characterization includes quality tests based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995 on technical charcoal, namely water content and iodine absorption parameters and also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test. Based on the results of the study, charcoal from nipah frond waste has characteristics of water content that have met the quality standards of SNI 06-3730-1995 and in iodine absorbency only samples with pyrolysis time of 4 hours that have met the quality standards of SNI 06-3730-1995. Giving variations in charcoal burning time, mass and particle size of adsorbent powder affects the shelf life and quality requirements of fresh bread. Adsorbent packaging using teabags and silica gel paper can extend the shelf life of fresh bread up to 27 hours compared to those without adsorbent.
{"title":"Making Charcoal from Nipah (Nypa fruticans) Frond Waste as an Adsorbent to Extend the Shelf Life of Fresh Bread","authors":"Ayu Nur Sabila, Theresia Evila Purwanti Sri Rahayu, Oto Prasadi","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3643","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh bread has high potential for creating food waste that increases every year, because of its relatively short shelf life of 3-4 days after leaving the baking process. One way to extend the shelf life of bread is by using charcoal. Nipah fronds contain lignin elements that are good for charcoal. This study aims to determine the characteristics of charcoal from nipah fronds, the effectiveness of charcoal's ability to extend the shelf life of fresh bread, the effect of burning time, particle size and adsorbent mass on the storage time of fresh bread, the effect of the ratio of nipah frond adsorbent to commercial silica gel on the storage time compared to quality requirements of fresh bread of SNI 01-3840-1995 2013. Charcoal characterization includes quality tests based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995 on technical charcoal, namely water content and iodine absorption parameters and also Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test. Based on the results of the study, charcoal from nipah frond waste has characteristics of water content that have met the quality standards of SNI 06-3730-1995 and in iodine absorbency only samples with pyrolysis time of 4 hours that have met the quality standards of SNI 06-3730-1995. Giving variations in charcoal burning time, mass and particle size of adsorbent powder affects the shelf life and quality requirements of fresh bread. Adsorbent packaging using teabags and silica gel paper can extend the shelf life of fresh bread up to 27 hours compared to those without adsorbent.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"88 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Widya Reza Nurdiasna, Iva Yenis Septiariva, I Wayan Koko Suryawan, Mega Mutiara Sari, Nova Ulhasanah
With the ever-increasing need for waste management solutions, PT. X Plaju is one of the entities that contribute to B3 waste production, a waste type characterized by its explosive, flammable, reactive, corrosive, and toxic properties. This research centers on the evaluation and management of B3 waste sludge, particularly at PT. X Plaju. The institution implements two licensed B3 waste control programs: the Sludge Oil Recovery (SOR) and used lubricant utilization programs. The SOR program, which focuses on recovering components from oil deposits or sludge, operates under the recovery principle. This study showcases the importance of the oil component in the oil sludge, emphasizing that it must constitute more than 20% of the total volume to be deemed suitable for refinery production. Our findings highlighted a water content of 28.32% within the waste oil sludge. Additionally, the ultimate analysis showcased carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen compositions of 85.99%, 13.42%, and 0.21%, respectively, while the density was measured at 0.85 gr/cc. This research offers insights into the waste management practices of PT. X Plaju, emphasizing the potential of the SOR program in managing B3 waste effectively.
随着对废物管理解决方案的需求日益增长，PT. X Plaju是产生B3废物的实体之一，这是一种具有爆炸性，可燃性，反应性，腐蚀性和毒性的废物类型。本研究的重点是B3废污泥的评价和管理，特别是在X厂。该机构实施了两个获得许可的B3废物控制计划:污泥油回收(SOR)和废润滑油利用计划。SOR项目侧重于从石油沉积物或污泥中回收成分，在回收原则下运作。这项研究显示了油泥中油成分的重要性，强调它必须占总量的20%以上才能被认为适合炼油厂生产。我们的研究结果突出了废油污泥中28.32%的含水量。此外，最终分析显示，碳、氢和氮的组成分别为85.99%、13.42%和0.21%，而密度为0.85 gr/cc。这项研究为PT. X Plaju的废物管理实践提供了见解，强调了SOR项目在有效管理B3废物方面的潜力。
{"title":"Evaluation and Management of B3 Waste Sludge via the Sludge Oil Recovery (SOR) Program at PT. X Plaju","authors":"Widya Reza Nurdiasna, Iva Yenis Septiariva, I Wayan Koko Suryawan, Mega Mutiara Sari, Nova Ulhasanah","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.3851","url":null,"abstract":"With the ever-increasing need for waste management solutions, PT. X Plaju is one of the entities that contribute to B3 waste production, a waste type characterized by its explosive, flammable, reactive, corrosive, and toxic properties. This research centers on the evaluation and management of B3 waste sludge, particularly at PT. X Plaju. The institution implements two licensed B3 waste control programs: the Sludge Oil Recovery (SOR) and used lubricant utilization programs. The SOR program, which focuses on recovering components from oil deposits or sludge, operates under the recovery principle. This study showcases the importance of the oil component in the oil sludge, emphasizing that it must constitute more than 20% of the total volume to be deemed suitable for refinery production. Our findings highlighted a water content of 28.32% within the waste oil sludge. Additionally, the ultimate analysis showcased carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen compositions of 85.99%, 13.42%, and 0.21%, respectively, while the density was measured at 0.85 gr/cc. This research offers insights into the waste management practices of PT. X Plaju, emphasizing the potential of the SOR program in managing B3 waste effectively.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Furfural and levulinic acid are chemicals that can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass. In this research, mass balance simulation of furfural and levulinic acid production at scale of 100 tons of biomass/year was examined. This research using various models of kinetic reaction and biomass to solvent ratio from lignocellulosic biomass raw materials consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash, and water composition of 35%, 30%, 25%, 3%, and 7%. The kinetic models used in this research were separate kinetic models and simultaneous model (model-3). The separate kinetic models were divided into two models which separate kinetic model 1 (model-1) and separate kinetic model 2 (model-2). SuperPro Designer 9.0 software was used to calculate mass balance simulation. From the research, it was found that variations in kinetic reaction model affected furfural and levulinic acid production. Higher biomass to solvent ratio produced higher furfural and levulinic acid production. The highest furfural produced from simulation process was kinetic reaction model-2 with a biomass to solvent ratio of 1:30 and 0.67 liter furfural/hour. While the highest levulinic acid produced from the simulation process was kinetic reaction model-1 with a biomass to solvent ratio of 1:30 and 2.37 liter levulinic acid/hour.
{"title":"Simulation of Furfural and Levulinic Acid Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass","authors":"Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.4141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i2.4141","url":null,"abstract":"Furfural and levulinic acid are chemicals that can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass. In this research, mass balance simulation of furfural and levulinic acid production at scale of 100 tons of biomass/year was examined. This research using various models of kinetic reaction and biomass to solvent ratio from lignocellulosic biomass raw materials consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash, and water composition of 35%, 30%, 25%, 3%, and 7%. The kinetic models used in this research were separate kinetic models and simultaneous model (model-3). The separate kinetic models were divided into two models which separate kinetic model 1 (model-1) and separate kinetic model 2 (model-2). SuperPro Designer 9.0 software was used to calculate mass balance simulation. From the research, it was found that variations in kinetic reaction model affected furfural and levulinic acid production. Higher biomass to solvent ratio produced higher furfural and levulinic acid production. The highest furfural produced from simulation process was kinetic reaction model-2 with a biomass to solvent ratio of 1:30 and 0.67 liter furfural/hour. While the highest levulinic acid produced from the simulation process was kinetic reaction model-1 with a biomass to solvent ratio of 1:30 and 2.37 liter levulinic acid/hour.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grey water contains organic matter that is directly disposed to the environment without any treatment previously, will cause pollution and impacting life in the water. Treatment that can be done is using microorganisms. One of its kind is the microalgae Chlorella sp. which utilizes organic matter as a source of nutrients for its growth. In this study, the Kaldness 1 (K1) bio carrier was added as a medium for attaching microorganisms using the Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR) process. The research objectives were (1) to know the maximum number of Chlorella sp. both attached and suspended in the Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR), (2) to obtain the best cycle time and stabilization time in the removal of COD, Ammonia, and MLSS in grey water. The research was conducted by varying the stabilization time (1.5; 2 and 2.5 hours) in each cycle for four cycles with a constant variation of charging time 30 minutes, reaction 120 minutes, 45 minutes, separation 45 minutes, and carried out with four cycles, stirring speed at 60 rpm, the concentration of algae suspension in SBBR was 25% and the volume of Kaldness K1 medium was 20%. The results showed the number of microalgae cells Chlorella sp. was suspended and attached to 1.85 x 106 and 1.46 x 106 cells/ml. The best removal of COD, ammonia, and MLSS was found in the stabilization time variation of 1.5 hours in 4 cycles with a removal efficiency of 84% and 76%, respectively, and an increase in the concentration of suspended and attached MLSS by 4780 mg/l and 4720 mg/l. It can be concluded that the faster stabilization time, the more removal efficient will be.
{"title":"Application of Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR) Using Microalgae Chorella sp. to Removal Nutrient in Grey Water","authors":"S. Elystia, Rika Kristin, D. Andrio","doi":"10.33795/jtkl.v7i1.338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v7i1.338","url":null,"abstract":"Grey water contains organic matter that is directly disposed to the environment without any treatment previously, will cause pollution and impacting life in the water. Treatment that can be done is using microorganisms. One of its kind is the microalgae Chlorella sp. which utilizes organic matter as a source of nutrients for its growth. In this study, the Kaldness 1 (K1) bio carrier was added as a medium for attaching microorganisms using the Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR) process. The research objectives were (1) to know the maximum number of Chlorella sp. both attached and suspended in the Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR), (2) to obtain the best cycle time and stabilization time in the removal of COD, Ammonia, and MLSS in grey water. The research was conducted by varying the stabilization time (1.5; 2 and 2.5 hours) in each cycle for four cycles with a constant variation of charging time 30 minutes, reaction 120 minutes, 45 minutes, separation 45 minutes, and carried out with four cycles, stirring speed at 60 rpm, the concentration of algae suspension in SBBR was 25% and the volume of Kaldness K1 medium was 20%. The results showed the number of microalgae cells Chlorella sp. was suspended and attached to 1.85 x 106 and 1.46 x 106 cells/ml. The best removal of COD, ammonia, and MLSS was found in the stabilization time variation of 1.5 hours in 4 cycles with a removal efficiency of 84% and 76%, respectively, and an increase in the concentration of suspended and attached MLSS by 4780 mg/l and 4720 mg/l. It can be concluded that the faster stabilization time, the more removal efficient will be.","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47883252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v17i2.3790
Oksil Venriza, M. W. Prastio, R. Rahmadani
{"title":"OPTIMALISASI PENAMBAHAN ANTIOKSIDAN DALAM DEMULSIFIER BERBASIS ACRYLATE PADA PROSES PENYIMPANAN BIOSOLAR","authors":"Oksil Venriza, M. W. Prastio, R. Rahmadani","doi":"10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v17i2.3790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v17i2.3790","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81151923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v17i2.3788
Aloisiyus Yuli Widianto
Miniaturization performs better than conventional equipment since it can generate a high specific surface (A/V) for mass and heat transfer between phases. The current studies aimed at characterizing the two-phase flow pattern (air-methanol) with a circular cross-sectional area of silicone, determining bubble length in the inlet and outlet section by using the three configurations of microchannel; finding the effect of gas and liquid velocity as well as the pressure drop throughout the channel to the bubble dimensions formed. The experiments were conducted by visualizing a gas-liquid flow pattern (Taylor) and measuring the bubble length within a channel of 1 mm ID. As a flow pattern target in this work, Taylor has a uniform shape, dimension, and constant velocity during observations. An increase in the ratio of linear velocity (UG/UL) brings on an increase in bubble length throughout the channel from the inlet to the outlet section. The bubble length outlet is longer than the inlet section due to the effect of increasing pressure drop (ΔP) and is sometimes caused by the bubble coalescence phenomena. The wettability on the inner wall of the microchannel strongly determined the flow pattern type and the length of bubbles
{"title":"KARAKTERISTIK ALIRAN TAYLOR SISTEM GAS-LIQUID DALAM MICROCHANNEL BERPENAMPANG LINGKARAN","authors":"Aloisiyus Yuli Widianto","doi":"10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v17i2.3788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v17i2.3788","url":null,"abstract":"Miniaturization performs better than conventional equipment since it can generate a high specific surface (A/V) for mass and heat transfer between phases. The current studies aimed at characterizing the two-phase flow pattern (air-methanol) with a circular cross-sectional area of silicone, determining bubble length in the inlet and outlet section by using the three configurations of microchannel; finding the effect of gas and liquid velocity as well as the pressure drop throughout the channel to the bubble dimensions formed. The experiments were conducted by visualizing a gas-liquid flow pattern (Taylor) and measuring the bubble length within a channel of 1 mm ID. As a flow pattern target in this work, Taylor has a uniform shape, dimension, and constant velocity during observations. An increase in the ratio of linear velocity (UG/UL) brings on an increase in bubble length throughout the channel from the inlet to the outlet section. The bubble length outlet is longer than the inlet section due to the effect of increasing pressure drop (ΔP) and is sometimes caused by the bubble coalescence phenomena. The wettability on the inner wall of the microchannel strongly determined the flow pattern type and the length of bubbles","PeriodicalId":52562,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85558553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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