B. Mandong, J. Mandong, I. Emmanuel, A. Zoakah, P. Akpa
Background: Breast cancer remains the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women globally. The risk of breast cancer increases with advancing age. Screening programs have been demonstrated to significantly reduce breast cancer mortality. Aim: The main objective was to assess risk perception and acceptance of mammogram as a screening tool for the early detection of breast cancer among female nurses working in three tertiary health facilities in the city of Jos. The study also determined the factors that impede the acceptance of mammogram. Materials and Methods: Self-administered semi-structured questionnaires were administered at random to 450 female nurses across the three tertiary health facilities in the city of Jos. The questionnaires were structured into six sections, namely sociodemographic, knowledge of the risk of breast cancer, mammogram use and acceptance barriers to the use of mammogram, and possible obstacles to the utilization of mammogram. The resources were scored and graded accordingly. Results: A total of 450 nurses participated with the median age of the participants as 28 years (23–39), 66.7% were younger than 35 years of age, and 54.4% were single. The educational background showed that 53.6% had bachelor's degrees and the remaining had diplomas (46.4%). On risk perception, only 40.7% of the respondents had a good perception of risk factors for breast cancer, while 59.3% had a poor perception. Only 52 (11.6%) of the 450 participants have ever had a form of the mammogram. Conclusion: The study showed that less than half of the respondents had a good perception on the risk of breast cancer and also the rate mammogram acceptance was very low.
{"title":"Risk perception on breast cancer and acceptance of screening with mammogram by female nurses in tertiary health facilities in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria","authors":"B. Mandong, J. Mandong, I. Emmanuel, A. Zoakah, P. Akpa","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_44_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_44_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer remains the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women globally. The risk of breast cancer increases with advancing age. Screening programs have been demonstrated to significantly reduce breast cancer mortality. Aim: The main objective was to assess risk perception and acceptance of mammogram as a screening tool for the early detection of breast cancer among female nurses working in three tertiary health facilities in the city of Jos. The study also determined the factors that impede the acceptance of mammogram. Materials and Methods: Self-administered semi-structured questionnaires were administered at random to 450 female nurses across the three tertiary health facilities in the city of Jos. The questionnaires were structured into six sections, namely sociodemographic, knowledge of the risk of breast cancer, mammogram use and acceptance barriers to the use of mammogram, and possible obstacles to the utilization of mammogram. The resources were scored and graded accordingly. Results: A total of 450 nurses participated with the median age of the participants as 28 years (23–39), 66.7% were younger than 35 years of age, and 54.4% were single. The educational background showed that 53.6% had bachelor's degrees and the remaining had diplomas (46.4%). On risk perception, only 40.7% of the respondents had a good perception of risk factors for breast cancer, while 59.3% had a poor perception. Only 52 (11.6%) of the 450 participants have ever had a form of the mammogram. Conclusion: The study showed that less than half of the respondents had a good perception on the risk of breast cancer and also the rate mammogram acceptance was very low.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70836376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Polycythaemia vera (PV) is the most common myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), others include essential thrombocytosis and primary myelofibrosis. PV is a Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPN, it is a rare haematologic disorder seen primarily in adults aged 60 years and older, with a higher prevalence in men. Aim: The aim of this study is to record the prevalence and explain the epidemiological, clinical, and biological PV in teaching hospital in South Western Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Case notes of all patients with a diagnosis of polycythaemia vera managed at the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo state, over a 3-year period between January 2018 and November 2021 were reviewed. The clinical and laboratory findings were extracted from the case records. SPSS-16 (SPSS Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel statistical software packages were used for statistical calculations. Results: A total of 26 cases of PV were managed at University of Medical Sciences, Ondo state, during the period of the review. There were 20 male and 6 female, with the mean age for males 41.61 ± 18.1 and 32.33 ± 0.52 for females. Majority of the patients in the study (53.8%) had headache and fatigue, 54.5% of the patients experienced dizziness, itching and visual disturbance, hypertension, weight loss, and subconjunctival haemorrhage were found in 6 (23.08%), 5 (19.20%), and 4 (15.40%), respectively, night sweat, dyspepsia, and splenomegaly accounted for (1) 3.85%. None of the patients experienced thrombosis and bleeding. Six of the patients were able to pay for Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation in which 4 of the results were positive for JAK2 mutation while 2 patients were able to afford to pay for serum erythropoietin; the results were below the normal value. All the patients were able to pay for full blood count, peripheral blood film, and bone marrow aspirations. The average packed cell volume for males was 59.7 ± 2.3 and 55.22 ± 4.9 for females while the mean blood and platelets count in our study was 11.19 ± 1.23 and 486 ± 122.3 × 109/l. Conclusion: The study showed a low prevalence of PV in Nigeria although most cases of PV were seen among the young adults < 60 years of age affecting their life expectancy because it has a detrimental effect on their work productivity, family life, and social life.
{"title":"Profile of polycythaemia vera in South Western Nigeria","authors":"P. Osho, M. Ojo, E. Osho","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_56_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_56_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Polycythaemia vera (PV) is the most common myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), others include essential thrombocytosis and primary myelofibrosis. PV is a Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPN, it is a rare haematologic disorder seen primarily in adults aged 60 years and older, with a higher prevalence in men. Aim: The aim of this study is to record the prevalence and explain the epidemiological, clinical, and biological PV in teaching hospital in South Western Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Case notes of all patients with a diagnosis of polycythaemia vera managed at the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo state, over a 3-year period between January 2018 and November 2021 were reviewed. The clinical and laboratory findings were extracted from the case records. SPSS-16 (SPSS Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel statistical software packages were used for statistical calculations. Results: A total of 26 cases of PV were managed at University of Medical Sciences, Ondo state, during the period of the review. There were 20 male and 6 female, with the mean age for males 41.61 ± 18.1 and 32.33 ± 0.52 for females. Majority of the patients in the study (53.8%) had headache and fatigue, 54.5% of the patients experienced dizziness, itching and visual disturbance, hypertension, weight loss, and subconjunctival haemorrhage were found in 6 (23.08%), 5 (19.20%), and 4 (15.40%), respectively, night sweat, dyspepsia, and splenomegaly accounted for (1) 3.85%. None of the patients experienced thrombosis and bleeding. Six of the patients were able to pay for Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation in which 4 of the results were positive for JAK2 mutation while 2 patients were able to afford to pay for serum erythropoietin; the results were below the normal value. All the patients were able to pay for full blood count, peripheral blood film, and bone marrow aspirations. The average packed cell volume for males was 59.7 ± 2.3 and 55.22 ± 4.9 for females while the mean blood and platelets count in our study was 11.19 ± 1.23 and 486 ± 122.3 × 109/l. Conclusion: The study showed a low prevalence of PV in Nigeria although most cases of PV were seen among the young adults < 60 years of age affecting their life expectancy because it has a detrimental effect on their work productivity, family life, and social life.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43686371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roy Ofili, A. Nwajei, A. Aigbokhaode, A. Owolabi, M. Owolabi, Emeka Uzundu
Background: Hypertension is a noncommunicable disease known to cause serious morbidity and mortality among adult population. In Nigeria, a developing nation currently experiencing harsh economic realities, the outcome of the disease can be influenced by the effect of various components of patient satisfaction on medication adherence. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of patient satisfaction on medication adherence and BP control among adult hypertensives attending the Medical OutPatient (MOP) Clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, with a view to identifying those aspects of care that need improvement in health care settings thereby leading to improved patient satisfaction, better medication adherence and ultimately better BP control. Patients, Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 200 adult hypertensive patients attending the MOP Clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, from January 15th to April 15th, 2017. A semi-structured questionnaire consisting of four sections which are: sociodemographic characteristics, Modified 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence scale, patient satisfaction levels with services, and BP measurement were used for data collection. Results: A greater proportion 87 (43.5%) of the respondents rated overall satisfaction with care received as very good, while 23 (11.5%) rated it as being fair. A statistically significant relationship was noticed between overall levels of satisfaction with care and medication adherence, P < 0.001. The level of BP control among the respondents was also significantly associated with medication adherence, P < 0.001. Conclusion: Patient satisfaction was seen to have a significant association with medication adherence but not BP control. The custodians of health should endeavor to improve patient satisfaction among patients in the hospital as this study showed improved patient satisfaction to be associated with increased patient adherence to medication with attendant better BP control.
{"title":"Influence of Patient Satisfaction on Medication Adherence among Adult Hypertensives Attending a Health Facility in a Resource-Limited Environment in Southern Nigeria","authors":"Roy Ofili, A. Nwajei, A. Aigbokhaode, A. Owolabi, M. Owolabi, Emeka Uzundu","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_204_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_204_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension is a noncommunicable disease known to cause serious morbidity and mortality among adult population. In Nigeria, a developing nation currently experiencing harsh economic realities, the outcome of the disease can be influenced by the effect of various components of patient satisfaction on medication adherence. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of patient satisfaction on medication adherence and BP control among adult hypertensives attending the Medical OutPatient (MOP) Clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, with a view to identifying those aspects of care that need improvement in health care settings thereby leading to improved patient satisfaction, better medication adherence and ultimately better BP control. Patients, Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 200 adult hypertensive patients attending the MOP Clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, from January 15th to April 15th, 2017. A semi-structured questionnaire consisting of four sections which are: sociodemographic characteristics, Modified 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence scale, patient satisfaction levels with services, and BP measurement were used for data collection. Results: A greater proportion 87 (43.5%) of the respondents rated overall satisfaction with care received as very good, while 23 (11.5%) rated it as being fair. A statistically significant relationship was noticed between overall levels of satisfaction with care and medication adherence, P < 0.001. The level of BP control among the respondents was also significantly associated with medication adherence, P < 0.001. Conclusion: Patient satisfaction was seen to have a significant association with medication adherence but not BP control. The custodians of health should endeavor to improve patient satisfaction among patients in the hospital as this study showed improved patient satisfaction to be associated with increased patient adherence to medication with attendant better BP control.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44143064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Fehintola, O. Awotunde, O. Ogunlaja, L. Olujide, S. Akinola, S. Oladeji, O. Aaron
Background: After several years of struggling due to many constraints, centers in Nigeria are now performing Gynecological Endoscopy (GE) procedures. This study describes the outcome of various GE procedures in patients with gynecological complaints in a tertiary hospital in South-West Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective longitudinal design. All eligible patients who had endoscopic procedures in the unit between May 2014 and April 2019 were recruited. Excluded were those who refused to take part in the study. The participants were followed up for a year. Data were collected during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. This data included the patient's sociodemographic characteristics, indications for the procedures, procedures carried out, and the procedures' outcome. Results: Of the 287 patients who had various procedures during this period, we recruited two hundred and seventy eligible patients (94.1%) for the study. We lost fourteen patients (5.2%) to follow up. One hundred and seventy-two (63.7%) had laparoscopy only. Eighty (29.6%) had hysteroscopy and laparoscopy, while the remaining 20 (6.7%) had hysteroscopy only. Thirty-eight (14.1%) were emergencies, while 125 (46.3%) were only diagnostic. Procedures carried out include hysteroscopic removal of missing intrauterine devices (6.3%) and laparoscopic tubal sterilization with Falope ring application (5.2%). We also carried out laparoscopic ovarian drilling for polycystic ovary syndrome (19.3%). Six patients (2.2%) had their surgery converted to laparotomy. We recorded no mortality. Conclusion: Our results showed the feasibility of GE surgery in Nigeria with an acceptable outcome. Local adaption and improvisation will ensure cost reduction and widespread use of these procedures in our setting.
{"title":"Gynecological endoscopic procedures in a tertiary hospital in South-West Nigeria: A prospective study","authors":"A. Fehintola, O. Awotunde, O. Ogunlaja, L. Olujide, S. Akinola, S. Oladeji, O. Aaron","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_65_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_65_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: After several years of struggling due to many constraints, centers in Nigeria are now performing Gynecological Endoscopy (GE) procedures. This study describes the outcome of various GE procedures in patients with gynecological complaints in a tertiary hospital in South-West Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective longitudinal design. All eligible patients who had endoscopic procedures in the unit between May 2014 and April 2019 were recruited. Excluded were those who refused to take part in the study. The participants were followed up for a year. Data were collected during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. This data included the patient's sociodemographic characteristics, indications for the procedures, procedures carried out, and the procedures' outcome. Results: Of the 287 patients who had various procedures during this period, we recruited two hundred and seventy eligible patients (94.1%) for the study. We lost fourteen patients (5.2%) to follow up. One hundred and seventy-two (63.7%) had laparoscopy only. Eighty (29.6%) had hysteroscopy and laparoscopy, while the remaining 20 (6.7%) had hysteroscopy only. Thirty-eight (14.1%) were emergencies, while 125 (46.3%) were only diagnostic. Procedures carried out include hysteroscopic removal of missing intrauterine devices (6.3%) and laparoscopic tubal sterilization with Falope ring application (5.2%). We also carried out laparoscopic ovarian drilling for polycystic ovary syndrome (19.3%). Six patients (2.2%) had their surgery converted to laparotomy. We recorded no mortality. Conclusion: Our results showed the feasibility of GE surgery in Nigeria with an acceptable outcome. Local adaption and improvisation will ensure cost reduction and widespread use of these procedures in our setting.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49055556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), the novel global pandemic that was first reported in Wuhan, China, in 2019, and subsequently in Nigeria in 2020, and its negative impact on child health has been receiving attention in the past years. One such impact was the reduction in hospital admissions during lockdown. Aim: This study set out to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the children's emergency ward attendance from January to July 2020 and that of the preceding year. Materials and Methods: Hospital records of admissions from January to July 2019–2020 were extracted and exported into IBM SSPS 24 for Mac. The diagnosis was coded using the international classification of diseases. The complex diagnoses were recoded based on the severity or chronologically important ones. Results: There was 6.6% fewer admissions in 2020 compared to 2019 (P = 0.009). The duration of illness prior to presentation, cases of acute respiratory infection, severe malnutrition, and gastroenteritis was higher in 2020. Conclusion: This study showed the impact of COVID-19 on child health vis-à-vis delay in hospital presentation, reduced hospital admissions, increase in various illnesses when compared to the preceding year as a result of increase in the risk factors that would ordinarily have been mitigated pre-COVID-19.
背景：冠状病毒疾病（新冠肺炎）是2019年首次在中国武汉报告并随后于2020年在尼日利亚报告的新型全球大流行，其对儿童健康的负面影响在过去几年中一直受到关注。其中一个影响是封锁期间住院人数的减少。目的：本研究旨在评估新冠肺炎大流行对2020年1月至7月儿童急诊病房出勤率和前一年的影响。材料和方法：提取2019年1月至2020年7月的入院记录，并将其导出到IBM SSPS 24 for Mac中。诊断采用国际疾病分类法。复杂的诊断根据严重程度或按时间顺序重要的诊断进行重新编码。结果：与2019年相比，2020年的入院人数减少了6.6%（P=0.009）。2020年，发病前的疾病持续时间、急性呼吸道感染、严重营养不良和肠胃炎的病例更高。结论：这项研究表明，与前一年相比，新冠肺炎对儿童健康的影响包括住院时间延迟、住院人数减少、各种疾病增加，这是因为在新冠肺炎之前通常会减轻的风险因素增加。
{"title":"Reduced admissions in the children's emergency room during coronavirus-19 pandemic in the university of port harcourt teaching hospital, Nigeria","authors":"I. Yarhere, O. Oragui","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_34_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_34_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), the novel global pandemic that was first reported in Wuhan, China, in 2019, and subsequently in Nigeria in 2020, and its negative impact on child health has been receiving attention in the past years. One such impact was the reduction in hospital admissions during lockdown. Aim: This study set out to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the children's emergency ward attendance from January to July 2020 and that of the preceding year. Materials and Methods: Hospital records of admissions from January to July 2019–2020 were extracted and exported into IBM SSPS 24 for Mac. The diagnosis was coded using the international classification of diseases. The complex diagnoses were recoded based on the severity or chronologically important ones. Results: There was 6.6% fewer admissions in 2020 compared to 2019 (P = 0.009). The duration of illness prior to presentation, cases of acute respiratory infection, severe malnutrition, and gastroenteritis was higher in 2020. Conclusion: This study showed the impact of COVID-19 on child health vis-à-vis delay in hospital presentation, reduced hospital admissions, increase in various illnesses when compared to the preceding year as a result of increase in the risk factors that would ordinarily have been mitigated pre-COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42630985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Enemudo, O. Lasebikan, A. Obumse, Okhuaihesuyi Uyilawa
Background: Blount's disease is a developmental anomaly that affects the posteromedial aspect of the proximal tibia physis with changes seen in the epiphysis, metaphysis, and sometimes, in severe cases, the distal femur as well. It results in a posteromedial deformity, internal tibial torsion, and shortening of the affected leg. Aim: The purpose of this study is to document the results of the treatment of the late form of this deformity using intra-articular and metaphyseal osteotomies of the proximal tibia and a linear rail system (LRS) device. Patients and Methods: Six patients were treated for late-onset unilateral Blount's disease. The procedure consisted of intra-articular osteotomy below the physis to elevate the depressed medial tibia plateau and a metaphyseal osteotomy below the tibia tubercle to address any residual varus deformity, tibial torsion, and leg shortening using a LRS device. Results: The mechanical axis deviation was corrected from a mean of 6.0 cm (range of 3.1–9.6 cm) to 1.4 cm (0–2.9 cm). The tibiofemoral angle was corrected from a mean of 23.2° varus (range of 16°–30°) to a mean of 1.8° varus (range of 5° valgus–7° varus). The limb length discrepancy was corrected. Operation time was 90 min on average. The device use time was three months on average. Schoenecker outcome criteria were good for all the patients. Conclusion: The use of double corrective osteotomies at the proximal tibia and the LRS device were found to be cheap, easy to use, and very effective in the treatment of Blount's disease deformity.
{"title":"Treatment of Late-Onset Blount's Disease using Linear Rail System and Double Corrective Osteotomies at the Intra-Articular and Metaphyseal Regions","authors":"R. Enemudo, O. Lasebikan, A. Obumse, Okhuaihesuyi Uyilawa","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_20_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_20_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Blount's disease is a developmental anomaly that affects the posteromedial aspect of the proximal tibia physis with changes seen in the epiphysis, metaphysis, and sometimes, in severe cases, the distal femur as well. It results in a posteromedial deformity, internal tibial torsion, and shortening of the affected leg. Aim: The purpose of this study is to document the results of the treatment of the late form of this deformity using intra-articular and metaphyseal osteotomies of the proximal tibia and a linear rail system (LRS) device. Patients and Methods: Six patients were treated for late-onset unilateral Blount's disease. The procedure consisted of intra-articular osteotomy below the physis to elevate the depressed medial tibia plateau and a metaphyseal osteotomy below the tibia tubercle to address any residual varus deformity, tibial torsion, and leg shortening using a LRS device. Results: The mechanical axis deviation was corrected from a mean of 6.0 cm (range of 3.1–9.6 cm) to 1.4 cm (0–2.9 cm). The tibiofemoral angle was corrected from a mean of 23.2° varus (range of 16°–30°) to a mean of 1.8° varus (range of 5° valgus–7° varus). The limb length discrepancy was corrected. Operation time was 90 min on average. The device use time was three months on average. Schoenecker outcome criteria were good for all the patients. Conclusion: The use of double corrective osteotomies at the proximal tibia and the LRS device were found to be cheap, easy to use, and very effective in the treatment of Blount's disease deformity.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48796221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) brings about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is a pathogen that causes extreme respiratory tract infection, especially as the world's populations had no previous immunity and there were little or no uniformly acceptable treatment options. The virus may persist to bring about considerable morbidity and mortality except an efficient vaccine is produced. Following erstwhile evidence and experience with SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome, the major focus to vaccine development was the spike glycoprotein, regarded as the most important target for SARS-CoV-2 immunotherapies. Collaborative efforts were undertaken to ensure that manufacturing occurred as quickly as possible to salvage the situation. Three vaccine candidates were respectively made of one protein-based vaccine, a simian-derived adenovirus vector, and one messenger RNA vaccine. Two of them published their short-term analyses and effective results after their third trial phase. The messenger RNA vaccine was first confirmed in the USA and the adenovirus-derived vaccine in the UK. This paper gives a narrative review of the literature on the present knowledge about this new virus as it concerns the drawn-up plans of COVID-19 vaccines that are not only effective but safe following the new and established approaches to vaccine development.
{"title":"Development of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-COV-2) Vaccines","authors":"K. Inaku, A. Ene, S. Kasimu, D. Bolarin","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_172_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_172_21","url":null,"abstract":"The new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) brings about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is a pathogen that causes extreme respiratory tract infection, especially as the world's populations had no previous immunity and there were little or no uniformly acceptable treatment options. The virus may persist to bring about considerable morbidity and mortality except an efficient vaccine is produced. Following erstwhile evidence and experience with SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome, the major focus to vaccine development was the spike glycoprotein, regarded as the most important target for SARS-CoV-2 immunotherapies. Collaborative efforts were undertaken to ensure that manufacturing occurred as quickly as possible to salvage the situation. Three vaccine candidates were respectively made of one protein-based vaccine, a simian-derived adenovirus vector, and one messenger RNA vaccine. Two of them published their short-term analyses and effective results after their third trial phase. The messenger RNA vaccine was first confirmed in the USA and the adenovirus-derived vaccine in the UK. This paper gives a narrative review of the literature on the present knowledge about this new virus as it concerns the drawn-up plans of COVID-19 vaccines that are not only effective but safe following the new and established approaches to vaccine development.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46462744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olabisi O Yeye-Agba, O. Obasuyi, Maryam B Danagundi, U. Eze, On behalf of Academic Committee of of the Ophthalmological Society of Nigeria
{"title":"The world is bright, save your sight: Why you should take your eye checks serious","authors":"Olabisi O Yeye-Agba, O. Obasuyi, Maryam B Danagundi, U. Eze, On behalf of Academic Committee of of the Ophthalmological Society of Nigeria","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_203_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_203_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49213071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pyogenic liver abscess is an uncommon but potentially fatal disease. Very few cases of liver abscess due to foreign bodies have been reported. We report our experience in two patients who were successfully managed for liver abscess due to impaled broom splinter. Broom splinters were swallowed unnoticed during consumption of Jute leaves (Corchorus olitorus) (”Ewedu”) soup. Definitive diagnoses in both cases were made at surgery. This is the first case of broom stick-induced liver abscess to be reported in the literature.
{"title":"An unusual cause of pyogenic liver abscess. The conundrum of broom splinter. Report of two cases","authors":"O. Balogun, E. Jeje, Adedeji Fatuga, O. Atoyebi","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_2_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_2_22","url":null,"abstract":"Pyogenic liver abscess is an uncommon but potentially fatal disease. Very few cases of liver abscess due to foreign bodies have been reported. We report our experience in two patients who were successfully managed for liver abscess due to impaled broom splinter. Broom splinters were swallowed unnoticed during consumption of Jute leaves (Corchorus olitorus) (”Ewedu”) soup. Definitive diagnoses in both cases were made at surgery. This is the first case of broom stick-induced liver abscess to be reported in the literature.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43173424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the noncommunicable diseases that influence the quality of life (QoL) of people living with the disease. It is a known metabolic condition with a feature of excessive blood glucose levels due to defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Assessment of QoL is useful in the measurement of outcomes during the management of chronic diseases. Aim: This study aims at determining the QoL of patients with DM that presented at the general outpatient clinic (GOPC) of a tertiary hospital in South–South Nigeria. Patients, Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 134 patients suffering from DM who attended either the GOPCs or diabetic clinics of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital was done between January and March 2018. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the respondents on sociodemographic characteristics, duration of DM, and presence or absence of hypertension. The following assessments were done on the respondents: blood pressure, body mass index, and glycated hemoglobin levels. The assessment of the QoL of patients was done using WHOQoL-Bref instrument. Descriptive statistics of the data was done. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were computed from the continuous variables, while frequency and percentages of categorical variables were also determined. Odds ratio was employed to compare differences in proportions or groups. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Data analysis was done using Epi Info version 3.5.4. Results: The respondents consisted of 82 females and 52 males (M: F = 1:1.6) with a mean age of 54.79 (±SD 10.53) years. The overall QoL was good (91%). Poor monthly income was associated with poor QoL. Conclusion: The study finding indicated that poor income adversely affects the QoL of persons with DM. Chronic medical conditions such as DM require long-term care with financial/economic implications. Consequently, support systems (financial support inclusive) need to be strengthened for a better QoL.
背景：糖尿病是影响患者生活质量的非传染性疾病之一。这是一种已知的代谢状况，其特征是由于胰岛素产生、胰岛素作用或两者兼有而导致血糖水平过高。生活质量评估有助于衡量慢性病治疗的结果。目的：本研究旨在确定在尼日利亚南部一家三级医院的普通门诊（GOPC）就诊的糖尿病患者的生活质量。患者、材料和方法：在2018年1月至3月期间，对134名在乌约大学教学医院的GOPC或糖尿病诊所就诊的糖尿病患者进行了横断面研究。使用半结构化问卷从受访者那里获得关于社会人口统计学特征、糖尿病持续时间以及是否存在高血压的信息。对受访者进行了以下评估：血压、体重指数和糖化血红蛋白水平。使用WHOQoL-Bref仪器对患者的生活质量进行评估。对数据进行描述性统计。根据连续变量计算平均值和标准差（SD），同时确定分类变量的频率和百分比。比值比用于比较比例或组间的差异。统计学显著性水平设定为P＜0.05。使用Epi Info 3.5.4版进行数据分析。结果：受访者包括82名女性和52名男性（M:F=1:1.6），平均年龄为54.79岁（±SD 10.53）。整体生活质量良好（91%）。月收入低与生活质量差有关。结论：研究结果表明，低收入会对糖尿病患者的生活质量产生不利影响。糖尿病等慢性疾病需要长期护理，并带来经济/经济影响。因此，需要加强支持系统（包括财政支持），以实现更好的生活质量。
{"title":"Quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary hospital in Uyo, South–South Nigeria","authors":"U. Morgan, Etukumana Etiobong","doi":"10.4103/njm.njm_94_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_94_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the noncommunicable diseases that influence the quality of life (QoL) of people living with the disease. It is a known metabolic condition with a feature of excessive blood glucose levels due to defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Assessment of QoL is useful in the measurement of outcomes during the management of chronic diseases. Aim: This study aims at determining the QoL of patients with DM that presented at the general outpatient clinic (GOPC) of a tertiary hospital in South–South Nigeria. Patients, Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 134 patients suffering from DM who attended either the GOPCs or diabetic clinics of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital was done between January and March 2018. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the respondents on sociodemographic characteristics, duration of DM, and presence or absence of hypertension. The following assessments were done on the respondents: blood pressure, body mass index, and glycated hemoglobin levels. The assessment of the QoL of patients was done using WHOQoL-Bref instrument. Descriptive statistics of the data was done. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were computed from the continuous variables, while frequency and percentages of categorical variables were also determined. Odds ratio was employed to compare differences in proportions or groups. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Data analysis was done using Epi Info version 3.5.4. Results: The respondents consisted of 82 females and 52 males (M: F = 1:1.6) with a mean age of 54.79 (±SD 10.53) years. The overall QoL was good (91%). Poor monthly income was associated with poor QoL. Conclusion: The study finding indicated that poor income adversely affects the QoL of persons with DM. Chronic medical conditions such as DM require long-term care with financial/economic implications. Consequently, support systems (financial support inclusive) need to be strengthened for a better QoL.","PeriodicalId":52572,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45828396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：