Carbon Trends最新文献_第9页

Synthesis and physical characterization of carbon quantum dots from watermelon seed towards a biological application 西瓜籽碳量子点的合成及物理特性及其生物应用

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100493

Marlene Puchaicela , David Lara , Vinicio J. Cevallos , Alexis Garzón , Jules Gardener , Guillermo Solorzano , Lilian Spencer , Johnny Chimborazo

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) incorporated into hydrogels are promising materials for drug delivery applications, especially wound dressings. Its green synthesis, using biomass such as watermelon seeds, offers important economic, environmental, and technological advantages. This aligns with the principles of the circular economy and supports their potential for biomedical use. In this work, the CQDs were synthesized via the hydrothermal method from watermelon seeds. Their physicochemical properties were thoroughly characterized using multiple techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), fluorescence microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Hydrogels were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) to assess CQDs’ antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity, both in their pure form and integrated into the hydrogels. HRTEM analysis revealed that CQDs exhibited a quasi-spherical morphology with an average diameter of approximately 12–13 nm, as well as, AFM measurements confirmed a similar size of diameter distribution with an average height of 0.385 nm. Raman spectroscopy identified two dominant peaks at

1340 {cm}^{- 1}

and

1590 {cm}^{- 1}

, corresponding to the disordered D-band and the crystalline G-band, respectively. FTIR spectroscopy indicated the presence of functional groups, including hydroxyl, amine,

s p^{2}

and

s p^{3}

hybridized CH bonds, carbonyl, alkene/alkyne, amide, ether, and CO bonds. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen elements, while fluorescence microscopy revealed strong, sustained photoluminescence in the blue range. Lastly, biological tests showed that CQDs, in isolation, did not exhibit significant antimicrobial activity. However, cytotoxicity assessments demonstrated that CQDs in pure form were non-toxic at a concentration of 0.03 mg/ml. Conversely, when integrated into PVA and HPMC hydrogels, a toxic effect was observed at the same concentration. When combined with HPMC alone, a slight toxicity was observed. These findings suggest that CQDs’ high photoluminescence and minimal cytotoxicity make them excellent candidates for hydrogel-based drug delivery systems in wound care applications.

水凝胶中的碳量子点（CQDs）是一种很有前途的药物递送材料，特别是伤口敷料。它的绿色合成，利用生物质如西瓜种子，提供了重要的经济，环境和技术优势。这符合循环经济的原则，并支持其在生物医学用途方面的潜力。以西瓜籽为原料，采用水热法制备了CQDs。采用高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HR-TEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、动态光散射（DLS）、荧光显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）等多种技术对其物理化学性质进行了全面表征。以聚乙烯醇（PVA）和羟丙基甲基纤维素（HPMC）制备水凝胶，对CQDs的抗菌活性和细胞毒性进行了研究。HRTEM分析表明，CQDs呈准球形形貌，平均直径约为12 ~ 13 nm， AFM测量证实了CQDs的直径分布大小相似，平均高度为0.385 nm。拉曼光谱在1340cm−1和1590cm−1处发现两个优势峰，分别对应于无序d带和结晶g带。FTIR光谱分析表明，化合物中存在羟基、胺、sp2和sp3杂化CH键、羰基、烯/炔、酰胺、醚和CO键等官能团。XPS分析证实了碳、氮和氧元素的存在，而荧光显微镜显示出在蓝色范围内强烈、持续的光致发光。最后，生物学试验表明，CQDs在分离时不表现出显著的抗菌活性。然而，细胞毒性评估表明，纯形式的CQDs在浓度为0.03 mg/ml时无毒。相反，当整合到PVA和HPMC水凝胶中时，在相同浓度下观察到毒性作用。单独与HPMC联合时，观察到轻微的毒性。这些发现表明，CQDs的高光致发光和最小的细胞毒性使其成为伤口护理应用中基于水凝胶的药物输送系统的优秀候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular dynamics simulation of silicon doping effects on the mechanical behavior of the defective graphene nanosheet 硅掺杂对缺陷石墨烯纳米片力学行为影响的分子动力学模拟

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100533

Mahdi Kazemi, Iman jafari

Atomic doping, the process of introducing guest atoms into a material's crystal lattice, has been shown to have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of nanosheets. Recently, researchers have increasingly focused on understanding and harnessing the potential of atomic doping to affect the mechanical performance of the nanoscale materials. In this paper, molecular dynamics (MD) approach implemented to describe Si doping effects on the mechanical performance of defective graphene nanosheet. MD results predicted the Si atomic doping ratio don’t disturb equilibrium phase of pristine nanostrucutre and affected the mechanical respond of them, appreciably. Numerically, the ultimate strength (US) of defective nanosheets changes from 75.23 to 61.83 GPa, by doping ratio variation from 1 % to 5 %, respectively. Also, the Young’s modulus (YM) of these samples varies from 371.51 to 341.77 GPa. These computational outputs indicated the Si doping process can be supposed as effective mechanism to manipulation of the mechanical/structural strength of defective graphene nanosheet-based samples in actual cases.

原子掺杂，即将客体原子引入材料晶格的过程，已被证明对纳米片的机械性能有重大影响。近年来，研究人员越来越关注于理解和利用原子掺杂影响纳米材料力学性能的潜力。本文采用分子动力学方法描述了Si掺杂对缺陷石墨烯纳米片力学性能的影响。MD结果表明，Si原子掺杂比例不会干扰原始纳米结构的平衡相，但对原始纳米结构的力学响应有明显影响。当掺杂比例从1%到5%变化时，缺陷纳米片的极限强度（US）分别从75.23到61.83 GPa变化。杨氏模量（YM）在371.51 ~ 341.77 GPa之间变化。这些计算结果表明，在实际情况下，硅掺杂过程可以被认为是操纵缺陷石墨烯纳米片样品的机械/结构强度的有效机制。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon nanotubes and carbon nanoonions inhibit the formation of amyloid fibrils from whey protein isolate 碳纳米管和碳纳米洋葱抑制乳清分离蛋白淀粉样原纤维的形成

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100532

Lisha Wang , Ning Kang , Hu Shi , Lizhen Gao

To investigate the impact of carbon nanomaterials on whey protein isolate (WPI), composites of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanonions (CNOs) with WPI were synthesized. The structures and interactions of these composites were characterized using techniques such as TEM, SEM, FTIR, and XRD. Upon combining CNTs and CNOs with WPI, it was observed that WPI did not form fibers but instead wrapped around the carbon nanomaterials, causing agglomeration. Compared with WPI/CNTs composites, WPI/CNOs exhibited higher stability. SEM images and XRD diffraction peaks both indicated that CNTs were completely wrapped by WPI, while CNOs were not fully wrapped, with some parts exposed on the protein surface. Molecular dynamics simulations (MDs) revealed that double-walled carbon nanoonions (C₆₀@C₂₄₀) reduced the β-sheet and α-helix content of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg), while double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) increased the α-helical protein content. Both types of carbon nanomaterials inhibited the conformational changes of β-lg protein associated with the formation of amyloid fibrils. The fluctuations in the internal hydrogen bond interactions of β-lg protein in the three systems indicated that the secondary structure of β-lg protein had indeed changed after its interaction with carbon nanomaterials. CNOs formed stronger interactions with WPI, resulting in greater stability of the CNOs/WPI composite. This study elucidated the inhibitory effect of CNTs and CNOs on the fibril formation of WPI, which may hold significant implications for the application of nanocarbon and protein composites.

为了研究碳纳米材料对乳清分离蛋白（WPI）的影响，合成了碳纳米管（CNTs）和碳纳米洋葱（CNOs）与WPI的复合材料。利用TEM、SEM、FTIR和XRD等技术对复合材料的结构和相互作用进行了表征。将CNTs和CNOs与WPI结合后，观察到WPI并没有形成纤维，而是包裹在碳纳米材料周围，形成团聚。与WPI/CNTs复合材料相比，WPI/CNOs具有更高的稳定性。SEM图像和XRD衍射峰均表明，CNTs被WPI完全包裹，而CNOs没有被完全包裹，有部分暴露在蛋白质表面。分子动力学模拟（MDs）表明，双壁碳纳米洋葱（C60@C240）降低了β-乳球蛋白（β-lg）中β-片和α-螺旋蛋白的含量，而双壁碳纳米管（DWCNT）增加了α-螺旋蛋白的含量。两种碳纳米材料都抑制了与淀粉样蛋白原纤维形成相关的β-lg蛋白的构象变化。三种体系中β-lg蛋白内部氢键相互作用的波动表明β-lg蛋白与碳纳米材料相互作用后确实发生了二级结构的变化。CNOs与WPI形成了更强的相互作用，使得CNOs/WPI复合材料的稳定性更高。本研究阐明了CNTs和CNOs对WPI纤维形成的抑制作用，这可能对纳米碳和蛋白质复合材料的应用具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Resistivity of individual fibrous aggregates of carbon nanohorns 碳纳米角单个纤维聚集体的电阻率

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100531

Mayumi Kosaka , Ryota Yuge

In order to evaluate the characteristics of individual fibrous aggregates of carbon nanohorns, also known as carbon nanobrush (CNB), CNBs were attached to a substrate in a monodisperse state, taking advantage of the strong adhesive force of CNB to surfaces. By preventing the CNBs from clumping together with the spherical aggregates of carbon nanohorns (CNHs) contained in the CNB product, we were able to successfully measure the resistance of individual CNB using SEM-based nanomanipulation. The results showed that the resistivity of CNBs was 0.02 Ωcm, which is more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of CNHs, indicating that CNBs are highly conductive. CNB has a structure in which CNTs are at the center and nanohorns are aggregated around them, and our findings revealed that the nanohorn portion is the main contributor to conductivity in CNB. Moreover, the central CNT plays an important role in maintaining the morphology of CNB.

为了评估碳纳米角的单个纤维聚集体（也称为碳纳米刷（CNB））的特性，利用CNB对表面的强附着力，将CNB以单分散状态附着在衬底上。通过防止CNB与CNB产品中含有的碳纳米角（cnh）的球形聚集体聚集在一起，我们能够使用基于sem的纳米操作成功测量单个CNB的电阻。结果表明，CNBs的电阻率为0.02 Ωcm，比CNHs的电阻率低两个数量级以上，表明CNBs具有高导电性。CNB的结构中，碳纳米管位于中心，纳米角聚集在其周围，我们的研究结果表明，纳米角部分是CNB中导电性的主要贡献者。此外，中央碳纳米管在维持碳纳米管的形态方面起着重要作用。

引用次数: 0

Cu and Co supported on Vulcan XC-72R nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, and phenol degradation Cu和Co在Vulcan XC-72R纳米复合材料上的负载：合成、表征和苯酚降解

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100530

Ivelina Tsacheva , Mariela Dimitrova , Adriana Gigova , Ognian Dimitrov , Dzhamal Uzun

In this research, we reported microwave-assisted synthesis of Cu- and Co-containing nanocomposites supported on Vulcan XC-72R. The nanocomposites were structurally characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, and EDS techniques. The results were confirmed that the propose synthesis method was suitable, efficient, and easy to use for the preparation of carbon nanomaterials. The nanocomposites were used as electrocatalysts in an electrochemical system of phenol degradation. Co-containing electrode material was reached 31 % phenol degradation. The electrolysis of phenol degradation was conducted at a constant current density of 10 mA/cm², an initial concentration of phenol of 0.158 mg/ml, a pH of 6.8, a processing time of two hours, and at a temperature of 20 °C.

在这项研究中，我们报道了微波辅助合成在Vulcan XC-72R上负载的含Cu和co的纳米复合材料。采用XRD、BET、SEM、EDS等技术对纳米复合材料进行了结构表征。实验结果表明，所提出的合成方法适用于碳纳米材料的制备，效率高，易于使用。将纳米复合材料作为电催化剂用于苯酚降解的电化学体系。共含电极材料对苯酚的降解达到31%。在恒电流密度为10 mA/cm2、苯酚初始浓度为0.158 mg/ml、pH为6.8、处理时间为2小时、温度为20℃的条件下，对苯酚进行电解降解。

引用次数: 0

A novel optimized computational approach to investigate the motion of a single-walled carbon nanotube conveying fluid flow 一种新的优化计算方法来研究单壁碳纳米管输送流体的运动

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100528

J. Vahidi , S.M. Golmaei , Morteza Jamshidi

In the current investigation, the nonlinear vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube is analyzed both numerically and analytically. The nonlocal beam model and Pasternak foundation are employed to evaluate the nanotube's vibration behavior. The deflection equation, which serves as the primary variable in this study, effectively captures the nonlinear vibrational characteristics commonly observed in engineering applications. A novel meshless scheme—the optimized Akbari-Ganji method (OAGM)—has been developed and applied to solve the governing differential equation. The term optimization has been intentionally emphasized in this context to highlight a key innovation of the study: the refinement and enhancement of the original Akbari-Ganji method through systematic optimization techniques to improve convergence, accuracy, and computational efficiency. This advancement not only distinguishes the present research from prior approaches but also underscores its practical applicability in complex engineering problems. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through comparison with previous studies, revealing that the OAGM delivers a fast, reliable, and highly accurate analytical approximation.

本文对单壁碳纳米管的非线性振动进行了数值分析和解析分析。采用非局部梁模型和帕斯捷尔纳克基础对纳米管的振动特性进行了评价。挠度方程作为本研究的主要变量，有效地捕捉了工程应用中常见的非线性振动特性。提出了一种新的无网格方案——优化Akbari-Ganji法（OAGM），并将其应用于控制微分方程的求解。在这种情况下，特意强调“优化”一词是为了突出该研究的一个关键创新：通过系统优化技术对原始Akbari-Ganji方法进行改进和增强，以提高收敛性、准确性和计算效率。这一进展不仅使目前的研究区别于以往的方法，而且强调了其在复杂工程问题中的实际适用性。通过与已有研究的比较，证明了该方法的有效性，表明OAGM提供了一个快速、可靠、高精度的分析近似。

{"title":"A novel optimized computational approach to investigate the motion of a single-walled carbon nanotube conveying fluid flow","authors":"J. Vahidi , S.M. Golmaei , Morteza Jamshidi","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the current investigation, the nonlinear vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube is analyzed both numerically and analytically. The nonlocal beam model and Pasternak foundation are employed to evaluate the nanotube's vibration behavior. The deflection equation, which serves as the primary variable in this study, effectively captures the nonlinear vibrational characteristics commonly observed in engineering applications. A novel meshless scheme—the optimized Akbari-Ganji method (OAGM)—has been developed and applied to solve the governing differential equation. The term <em>optimization</em> has been intentionally emphasized in this context to highlight a key innovation of the study: the refinement and enhancement of the original Akbari-Ganji method through systematic optimization techniques to improve convergence, accuracy, and computational efficiency. This advancement not only distinguishes the present research from prior approaches but also underscores its practical applicability in complex engineering problems. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through comparison with previous studies, revealing that the OAGM delivers a fast, reliable, and highly accurate analytical approximation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liquid-phase suspension stabilization and exfoliation of end-of-life batteries high-quality graphite with a natural surfactant 使用天然表面活性剂的高品质石墨的液相悬浮液稳定和报废电池的剥离

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100529

Sukanya Sukanya , Maria Argirusi , René Wilhelm

Sustainable recycling of end-of-life batteries is critical in addressing both environmental concerns and resource scarcity. This study presents the liquid-phase exfoliation of high-quality graphite derived from spent batteries, employing a natural anionic surfactant to achieve stable suspensions in an organic solvent. Moreover, metal impurities of the spent anode material were removed via extraction with water. The use of acid treatment was avoided. The exfoliation process involves ultrasonication in the presence of the surfactant, which facilitates partial delamination of the graphite material while preserving structural integrity of the spent graphite while maintaining structural integrity. The resulting graphite suspensions demonstrate excellent stability, attributed to the effective surfactant adsorption on the graphite surfaces, preventing re-stacking and aggregation. Characterization techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy, confirm the high quality and few-layer nature of the exfoliated graphite. Additionally, the environmental benefits and cost-effectiveness of using the surfactant are highlighted. This approach not only facilitates the reuse of valuable materials from waste batteries but also aligns with green chemistry principles, offering a promising route for sustainable material recovery and the production of high-performance graphite for various applications.

可持续回收废旧电池对于解决环境问题和资源短缺问题至关重要。本研究介绍了利用天然阴离子表面活性剂在有机溶剂中实现高质量石墨的液相剥离。此外，废阳极材料中的金属杂质经水萃取去除。避免了酸处理。剥离过程包括在表面活性剂存在的情况下进行超声波处理，这有助于石墨材料的部分分层，同时保持废石墨的结构完整性，同时保持结构完整性。石墨悬浮液表现出优异的稳定性，这归功于表面活性剂在石墨表面的有效吸附，防止了重新堆积和聚集。表征技术，包括拉曼光谱、x射线衍射和电子显微镜，证实了剥离石墨的高质量和少层性质。此外，还强调了使用表面活性剂的环境效益和成本效益。这种方法不仅促进了废电池中有价值材料的再利用，而且符合绿色化学原则，为可持续材料回收和生产各种应用的高性能石墨提供了一条有前途的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Metal-cluster (Be, Sc, Ti) decorated C24 nanocages and their hydrogen storage performance 金属团簇（Be, Sc, Ti）修饰C24纳米笼及其储氢性能

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100526

K.B. Nerkar, Poonam Parkar, Ajay Chaudhari

Single Be, Sc, Ti metal atom and their cluster (dimer and trimer) decorated C₂₄ nanocages are considered for hydrogen storage. A comparison of single metal atom, dimer, and trimer decorated C₂₄ nanocages and their hydrogen storage performance is carried out. Decoration of single Be atom on C₂₄ nanocage distorts the nanocage and it is not suitable for hydrogen storage. Be₂, Be₃, Sc, Sc₂, Sc₃, Ti, Ti₂, and Ti₃ metal atom/cluster decoration do not distort the C₂₄ nanocage geometry before H₂ adsorption. After H₂ adsorption Sc₂, Sc₃ and Ti₃ clusters get broken into their constituent atoms and do not remain in cluster form. Among the metal cluster decorated C₂₄ structures considered, C₂₄Ti and C₂₄Ti₂ show thermodynamically favorable H₂ adsorption at ambient conditions without distorting the metal cluster after H₂ adsorption and thus they are more suitable for hydrogen storage at ambient conditions than the other structures considered. Though the Sc₃ and Ti₃ cluster decorated C₂₄ nanocages show the highest and second highest H₂ uptake capacity among all the structures considered and also thermodynamically favorable H₂ adsorption at ambient conditions, the Sc₃ and Ti₃ clusters get broken after maximum H₂ molecules adsorption.

研究了单Be、Sc、Ti金属原子及其簇（二聚体和三聚体）修饰的C24纳米笼储氢技术。比较了单金属原子、二聚体和三聚体修饰的C24纳米笼及其储氢性能。单Be原子在C24纳米笼上的修饰使纳米笼变形，不适合储氢。Be2, Be3, Sc, Sc2, Sc3, Ti， Ti2和Ti3金属原子/簇装饰在H2吸附前不会扭曲C24纳米笼的几何形状。H2吸附Sc2后，Sc3和Ti3团簇被分解成其组成原子，不再保持团簇形式。在考虑的金属簇装饰C24结构中，C24Ti和C24Ti2在环境条件下表现出良好的热力学吸附H2，吸附H2后金属簇不会变形，因此它们比其他结构更适合在环境条件下储氢。虽然Sc3和Ti3簇装饰的C24纳米笼在所有结构中表现出最高和第二高的H2吸收能力，并且在环境条件下具有良好的H2吸附热力学，但Sc3和Ti3簇在最大H2分子吸附后被破坏。

{"title":"Metal-cluster (Be, Sc, Ti) decorated C24 nanocages and their hydrogen storage performance","authors":"K.B. Nerkar, Poonam Parkar, Ajay Chaudhari","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single Be, Sc, Ti metal atom and their cluster (dimer and trimer) decorated C<sub>24</sub> nanocages are considered for hydrogen storage. A comparison of single metal atom, dimer, and trimer decorated C<sub>24</sub> nanocages and their hydrogen storage performance is carried out. Decoration of single Be atom on C<sub>24</sub> nanocage distorts the nanocage and it is not suitable for hydrogen storage. Be<sub>2</sub>, Be<sub>3</sub>, Sc, Sc<sub>2</sub>, Sc<sub>3</sub>, Ti, Ti<sub>2</sub>, and Ti<sub>3</sub> metal atom/cluster decoration do not distort the C<sub>24</sub> nanocage geometry before H<sub>2</sub> adsorption. After H<sub>2</sub> adsorption Sc<sub>2</sub>, Sc<sub>3</sub> and Ti<sub>3</sub> clusters get broken into their constituent atoms and do not remain in cluster form. Among the metal cluster decorated C<sub>24</sub> structures considered, C<sub>24</sub>Ti and C<sub>24</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub> show thermodynamically favorable H<sub>2</sub> adsorption at ambient conditions without distorting the metal cluster after H<sub>2</sub> adsorption and thus they are more suitable for hydrogen storage at ambient conditions than the other structures considered. Though the Sc<sub>3</sub> and Ti<sub>3</sub> cluster decorated C<sub>24</sub> nanocages show the highest and second highest H<sub>2</sub> uptake capacity among all the structures considered and also thermodynamically favorable H<sub>2</sub> adsorption at ambient conditions, the Sc<sub>3</sub> and Ti<sub>3</sub> clusters get broken after maximum H<sub>2</sub> molecules adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peanut shell biochar for plastic electrodes: Green E-sensors for sensitive heavy metal detection 用于塑料电极的花生壳生物炭：用于敏感重金属检测的绿色e传感器

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100520

Monica Mosquera-Ortega , Federico Figueredo , Florencia Fernandez , Pablo Arnal , Eduardo Cortón , Sabina Susmel

The upcycling of agricultural waste into high-value functional materials is a key aspect of sustainable material development and the circular bioeconomy. This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of biochar-based electrodes (E-sensors) derived from peanut shells, an abundant agro-industrial by-product with emerging potential for valorization. To enhance electrochemical performance, biochar (Bc) was modified with chitosan CS under to alkaline treatment, improving hydrophilicity, porosity, and charge transfer properties. Structural and surface analyses, including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and XPS, confirmed the successful introduction of functional groups while preserving the hierarchical pore structure of Bc. Electrochemical evaluation, using cyclic voltammetry and square-wave stripping anodic voltammetry, revealed satisfactory results for Pb²⁺and Cd²⁺detection in buffer and real sea water samples. Additionally, to improve the analytical performance bismuth was successfully electrodeposited at the unconventional plastic electrodes surface. This contributed to enhance the Pb and Cd limits of detection in sea water (14.27 ng/mL, RSD 10 % and 20.74 ng/mL, RSD 7 % respectively), with results well below WHO and EPA regulatory thresholds. These findings demonstrate the potential of biochar-based electrodes as sustainable, cost-effective alternatives for heavy metal detection, underscoring the role of Bc in advancing green sensor technologies and environmental monitoring.

将农业废弃物转化为高价值功能材料是可持续材料发展和循环生物经济的一个重要方面。本研究研究了从花生壳中提取的生物炭基电极（e -传感器）的制备和表征，花生壳是一种丰富的农业工业副产品，具有新兴的价值潜力。为了提高生物炭（Bc）的电化学性能，在碱性条件下用壳聚糖CS改性生物炭（Bc），改善其亲水性、孔隙率和电荷转移性能。结构和表面分析，包括FTIR，拉曼光谱，SEM和XPS，证实了成功引入官能团，同时保留了Bc的分层孔结构。利用循环伏安法和方波溶出阳极伏安法进行电化学评价，Pb +和Cd +在缓冲液和真实海水样品中的检测结果令人满意。此外，为了提高分析性能，在非常规塑料电极表面成功地沉积了铋。这有助于提高海水中Pb和Cd的检出限（分别为14.27 ng/mL， RSD为10%和20.74 ng/mL， RSD为7%），结果远低于WHO和EPA的监管阈值。这些发现证明了生物炭电极作为可持续的、具有成本效益的重金属检测替代品的潜力，强调了Bc在推进绿色传感器技术和环境监测方面的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Four-stage oxidation model of soot based on analysis of physical and mechanical properties 基于物理力学性能分析的煤烟四阶段氧化模型

IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Carbon Trends

Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2025.100527

Zhiyuan Shi , Xu Lyu , Yi Luo , Daigeng Wu , Wenjie Yang , Xingyu Liang

Studying the impact of ash on the oxidation process of particulates is fundamental to understanding Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) regeneration and improving its efficiency. This study employs Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), Raman spectrometer, and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) to investigate the effects of, two archetypal metallic ash constituents, CuSO₄ and CaSO₄, on the physicochemical and mechanical properties during the particulate oxidation process. Finally, based on the experimental results, the classical four-stage oxidation model of particulates is revised to propose a more specific oxidation process. These investigative outcomes bestow profound comprehension into the oxidative behavior of particulates and proffer beneficial theoretical direction for the forthcoming management and mitigation of engine carbon particulates.

研究灰分对微粒氧化过程的影响是了解柴油机微粒过滤器（DPF）再生和提高其效率的基础。本研究采用热重分析仪（TGA）、高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）、拉曼光谱仪（Raman spectrometer）和原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了两种原型金属灰分成分CuSO4和CaSO4对颗粒氧化过程中物理化学和力学性能的影响。最后，根据实验结果，修正了经典的四阶段氧化模型，提出了更具体的氧化过程。这些研究结果为深入了解颗粒的氧化行为提供了深刻的理解，并为即将到来的发动机碳颗粒的管理和缓解提供了有益的理论指导。

引用次数: 0