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Diatomite with gold nanoparticles for atrazine adsorption 用于吸附阿特拉津的含金纳米颗粒的硅藻土
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100404
Melany Aguilar , Sarah Briceño , Karla Vizuete , Alexis Debut , Carlos Reinoso , Gema González
Atrazine is a commonly used herbicide worldwide, and it has significant environmental concerns due to its toxic ecological effects. This work uses diatomite decorated with gold nanoparticles to evaluate its capacity for atrazine adsorption. The structural characterization was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), Fluorescence microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our findings reveal that diatomite decorated with gold nanoparticles with an average particle size of 10 nm enhances the Raman signal and fluorescence intensity for atrazine detection. Experimental conditions, such as atrazine concentration, pH, contact time, and diatomite mass, have been optimized to quantify the maximum removal conditions using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, reaching a maximum adsorption of 2.5 mg/g in 4 h. FTIR and XPS evidence the interaction of the amine groups of the atrazine with the diatomite-decorated surface. The impact of this work relies on environmental remediation using naturally available diatomite decorated with gold nanoparticles and understanding the binding interactions for the removal of atrazine.
阿特拉津是世界上常用的除草剂,因其有毒的生态效应而备受环境关注。本研究利用装饰有金纳米颗粒的硅藻土来评估其对阿特拉津的吸附能力。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散光谱(EDX)、荧光显微镜和 X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)对其结构特征进行了研究。我们的研究结果表明,用平均粒径为 10 纳米的金纳米粒子装饰硅藻土,可增强检测阿特拉津的拉曼信号和荧光强度。傅立叶变换红外光谱和 XPS 证明了阿特拉津的胺基团与硅藻土装饰表面的相互作用。这项工作的影响在于利用天然硅藻土装饰金纳米粒子进行环境修复,并了解去除阿特拉津的结合相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Direct Writing of graphene/graphitic foam through picosecond pulsed laser-induced transformation of soluble polyimide suspension 通过皮秒脉冲激光诱导可溶性聚酰亚胺悬浮液的转化直接写入石墨烯/石墨泡沫
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100399
Ho-Won Noh , Anirudha Karati , Ikenna C. Nlebedim , Pranav Shrotriya
We report the direct writing of graphene/graphitic foam with high electrical conductivity using laser-induced-transformation of polyimide (PI) resin films on glass surfaces. Raman spectroscopy of the treated surfaces indicated that average laser power irradiation between 900 and 1500 kW/cm2 transformed the PI film into a few layered graphene-dominated film, and the increase in irradiation power above 1500 kW/cm2 led to the formation of graphitic (multilayered graphene) material. The electrical conductivity of the transformed film was between 5800±750 S m-1 (lower power irradiation) and 1250±300 S m-1 (higher laser power irradiation). SEM imaging showed that the transformed material has a closed cell foam morphology enclosed between the smooth top and bottom layers. The results indicate that heat treatment of the polyimide suspension films, and subsequent ultra-short, pulsed laser irradiation resulted in a closed-cell graphene/graphitic foam with high electrical conductivity. The pore aspect ratio, density, and film conductivity are used to estimate the conductivity of the solid phases in the laser-treated films at different powers. Laser-induced transformation of the PI suspension into graphene/graphitic foam is conducive to additive manufacturing and may enable the direct printing of graphitic foam-based three-dimensional components.
我们报告了利用激光诱导聚酰亚胺(PI)树脂薄膜在玻璃表面的转化,直接写入具有高导电性的石墨烯/石墨泡沫。对处理过的表面进行的拉曼光谱分析表明,900 至 1500 kW/cm2 的平均激光辐照功率可将聚酰亚胺薄膜转化为以石墨烯为主的几层薄膜,而辐照功率超过 1500 kW/cm2 时,辐照功率的增加会导致石墨化(多层石墨烯)材料的形成。转化薄膜的电导率介于 5800±750 S m-1 (低功率辐照)和 1250±300 S m-1 (高激光功率辐照)之间。扫描电子显微镜成像显示,转化后的材料在光滑的顶层和底层之间形成了闭孔泡沫形态。结果表明,对聚酰亚胺悬浮膜进行热处理,然后用超短脉冲激光照射,可形成具有高导电性的闭孔石墨烯/石墨泡沫。孔隙率、密度和薄膜电导率可用于估算不同功率下激光处理薄膜中固相的电导率。激光诱导将 PI 悬浮液转化为石墨烯/石墨泡沫有利于增材制造,可直接打印基于石墨泡沫的三维部件。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of synthesis parameters on the optical properties of carbon dots 合成参数对碳点光学特性的影响
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100403
Ángela J. García-Salcedo, Luz Ángela Giraldo-Pinto, Deibys Josué Márquez-Castro, Liliana Tirado-Mejía
Photoluminescent carbon dots were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment from agricultural waste. Considering that the composition of the dots’ surface depends on the precursor source and that this composition influences the optical properties, this study focused on analyzing the effect of synthesis parameters on the formation of functional groups, on the core structure, on the morphology, and their influence on the absorption, excitation, emission, and quantum performance properties. It was obtained that by increasing the synthesis temperature, functional groups C = O, C = N, and CO were formed in the carbon dots obtained from the three precursors, and an additional group C = C in dots obtained from plantain peels, which are the only one that showed a degradation of the cellulose band. The absorption response indicated the formation of graphitic nuclei with oxygenated groups responsible for the red shift of the absorption maximum moving from 266 to 283 nm. The Raman response indicates that there are graphitic domains in the nucleus, where the defects band has a high intensity for the three precursors. The higher quantum yield value presented by the plantain dots is due to the surface, not the graphitic core. The spherical shape and size of around 2 nm were observed by TEM.
光致发光碳点是利用农业废弃物经水热处理合成的。考虑到光致发光碳点表面的组成取决于前驱体来源,而这种组成会影响其光学性质,本研究重点分析了合成参数对官能团的形成、对核心结构、对形貌的影响,以及它们对吸收、激发、发射和量子性能特性的影响。结果表明,通过提高合成温度,三种前驱体得到的碳点中都形成了官能团 C = O、C = N 和 CO,而从车前草皮中得到的碳点中还多了一个官能团 C = C,这也是唯一出现纤维素带降解的碳点。吸收响应表明,石墨核与含氧基团的形成导致吸收最大值从 266 纳米红移到 283 纳米。拉曼响应表明,核中存在石墨畴,在这三种前驱体中,缺陷带的强度都很高。车前草点的量子产率值较高,这是由于其表面而非石墨核造成的。通过 TEM 观察到,这些点呈球形,大小约为 2 纳米。
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引用次数: 0
Cornstarch as a green binder in supercapacitors: Understanding the effect of binder on the charge storage mechanism 玉米淀粉作为超级电容器中的绿色粘合剂:了解粘合剂对电荷存储机制的影响
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100402
Mostafa M. Omran , Ahmed Galal , Delvin Aman

This study used a scalable process to fabricate activated carbon (AC) supercapacitor electrodes with cornstarch as a green binder. A vital aspect of this study was comparing its performance with synthetic binders like polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and Nafion. The chemical and physical properties of the AC were characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). Water contact angle measurements evaluated the hydrophilicity of AC-based electrodes with different binders. Their electrochemical characteristics were studied using open circuit potential (OCP), cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanic charge/discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 1 M NaSO4 electrolyte, and the charge storage mechanism was discussed in detail. The starch binder significantly facilitated the charge storage mechanism by suppressing diffusion limitations compared to other binders. The fabricated symmetric supercapacitor device of starch-based electrodes exhibited the highest Cs of 120 F/g at a specific current of 1 A g-1 with a high energy density of 135 Wh/kg and an exact power density of 750 W/kg. The starch-based supercapacitor device exhibited a capacitance retention of 104 % and 65.5 % at specific currents of 2 A g-1 and 10 A g-1 after 10,000 cycles of charging/discharging, respectively.

这项研究采用了一种可扩展的工艺,以玉米淀粉作为绿色粘合剂来制造活性炭(AC)超级电容器电极。这项研究的一个重要方面是将其性能与聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)和纳菲翁等合成粘合剂进行比较。研究人员使用布鲁瑙尔-艾美特-泰勒(BET)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、拉曼光谱和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对 AC 的化学和物理特性进行了表征。水接触角测量评估了含有不同粘合剂的交流电基电极的亲水性。在 1 M NaSO4 电解液中,使用开路电位 (OCP)、循环伏安 (CV)、电化学充放电 (GCD) 和电化学阻抗谱 (EIS) 研究了它们的电化学特性,并详细讨论了电荷存储机制。与其他粘合剂相比,淀粉粘合剂抑制了扩散限制,从而大大促进了电荷存储机制。所制备的淀粉基电极对称超级电容器装置在比电流为 1 A g-1 时的最高 Cs 值为 120 F/g,能量密度高达 135 Wh/kg,精确功率密度为 750 W/kg。淀粉基超级电容器装置在充电/放电 10,000 次后,在 2 A g-1 和 10 A g-1 的特定电流下,电容保持率分别为 104 % 和 65.5 %。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of pyrolysis heating rate on the mesoporosity of Pluronic F-127 templated carbon xerogels 热解加热速率对 Pluronic F-127 模板碳异凝胶介孔率的影响
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100401
Eva Kinnertová , Tomáš Zelenka , Gabriela Zelenková , Lucie Kořená , Václav Slovák , Miroslav Almáši

This study explored the impact of pyrolysis heating rates ranging from 1 to 20 K min−1 (final temperature 500 °C) on the porosity of resorcinol-formaldehyde based carbonaceous xerogels soft-templated with Pluronic F-127. We primarily utilized thermoporometry (differential scanning calorimetry technique) and, to a lesser extent, conventional nitrogen adsorption at −196 °C to analyze the porosity of the resulting carbons. Additionally, we examined the effects of particle size and the scale of the pyrolysis experiment, comparing a laboratory furnace with a thermal analyzer. At lower heating rates, particularly in a thermal analyzer, mesopores approximately 7–8 nm in size were observed. An increase in the heating rate resulted in larger mesopores, from 7 to 17 nm, widened pore size distribution (PSD), and a rise in mesopore volume from 0.21 to 0.53 cm3 g−1. Higher heating rates (> 5 K min-1) also accelerated the decomposition of the Pluronic F-127, leading to fast gas release, which subsequently caused cracking of the carbon skeleton and widening of the pores. Pyrolysis heating rate had no significant effect on the degree of graphitization in the pyrolyzed samples. Particle size showed minimal influence on porosity when xerogels were pyrolyzed at either the minimal or maximal heating rates in the thermal analyzer. However, experiments conducted in a laboratory furnace at the lowest heating rate demonstrated that imprecise temperature control and fluctuations can lead to the formation of larger mesopores.

本研究探讨了热解加热速率(1 至 20 K min-1)(最终温度 500 °C)对间苯二酚-甲醛基碳质异构体与 Pluronic F-127 软模板的孔隙率的影响。我们主要利用热量测定法(差示扫描量热法),其次是在 -196 °C 下利用传统的氮吸附法来分析所得碳的孔隙率。此外,我们还研究了颗粒大小和热解实验规模的影响,将实验室熔炉与热分析仪进行了比较。在较低的加热速率下,尤其是在热分析仪中,可以观察到大小约为 7-8 纳米的中孔。加热速率增加会导致介孔增大(从 7 纳米到 17 纳米),孔径分布(PSD)变宽,介孔体积从 0.21 cm3 g-1 增加到 0.53 cm3 g-1。较高的加热速率(5 K min-1)也加速了 Pluronic F-127 的分解,导致气体快速释放,碳骨架随之开裂,孔隙变宽。热解加热速率对热解样品的石墨化程度没有显著影响。在热分析仪中以最小或最大加热速率热解 xerogels 时,颗粒大小对孔隙率的影响微乎其微。然而,在实验室熔炉中以最低加热速率进行的实验表明,不精确的温度控制和波动会导致形成较大的中孔。
{"title":"The effect of pyrolysis heating rate on the mesoporosity of Pluronic F-127 templated carbon xerogels","authors":"Eva Kinnertová ,&nbsp;Tomáš Zelenka ,&nbsp;Gabriela Zelenková ,&nbsp;Lucie Kořená ,&nbsp;Václav Slovák ,&nbsp;Miroslav Almáši","doi":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study explored the impact of pyrolysis heating rates ranging from 1 to 20 K min<sup>−1</sup> (final temperature 500 °C) on the porosity of resorcinol-formaldehyde based carbonaceous xerogels soft-templated with Pluronic F-127. We primarily utilized thermoporometry (differential scanning calorimetry technique) and, to a lesser extent, conventional nitrogen adsorption at −196 °C to analyze the porosity of the resulting carbons. Additionally, we examined the effects of particle size and the scale of the pyrolysis experiment, comparing a laboratory furnace with a thermal analyzer. At lower heating rates, particularly in a thermal analyzer, mesopores approximately 7–8 nm in size were observed. An increase in the heating rate resulted in larger mesopores, from 7 to 17 nm, widened pore size distribution (PSD), and a rise in mesopore volume from 0.21 to 0.53 cm<sup>3</sup> <em>g</em><sup>−1</sup>. Higher heating rates (&gt; 5 K min<sup>-1</sup>) also accelerated the decomposition of the Pluronic F-127, leading to fast gas release, which subsequently caused cracking of the carbon skeleton and widening of the pores. Pyrolysis heating rate had no significant effect on the degree of graphitization in the pyrolyzed samples. Particle size showed minimal influence on porosity when xerogels were pyrolyzed at either the minimal or maximal heating rates in the thermal analyzer. However, experiments conducted in a laboratory furnace at the lowest heating rate demonstrated that imprecise temperature control and fluctuations can lead to the formation of larger mesopores.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52629,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Trends","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667056924000828/pdfft?md5=413bb43cb80c1ed89ec8f07ac1e80f0a&pid=1-s2.0-S2667056924000828-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extraction, and characterization of CNC from waste sugarcane leaf sheath as a reinforcement of multifunctional bio-nanocomposite material: A waste to wealth approach 从废弃甘蔗叶鞘中提取 CNC 并对其进行表征,作为多功能生物纳米复合材料的增强材料:变废为宝的方法
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100400
Md. Mahafujul Hassan , Md. Mahmudur Rahman , Bijoy Chandra Ghos , Md. Ismail Hossain , Md. Al Amin , Md. Khalid Al Zuhanee

Nowadays we are extremely dependent on various synthetic plastic materials to maintain the massive demand, therefore, both the industries and mankind have been generating a massive amount of plastic waste which is so hazardous for the total environment due to their nonbiodegradable nature. To solve this problem by replacing the fossil-based plastic materials with ecofriendly biopolymers in this current study we will be described a novel method for producing Crystalline Nano Cellulose (CNC) from the waste sugarcane leaf sheaths (SLSF) fibers as a green reinforcing agent. The waste-to-wealth approach aims to elevate agricultural residues, particularly SLSF, by transforming them into high-quality CNCs for use in a variety of sectors. SLSF was initially washed with detergent to remove impurities, followed by alkali treatment and bleaching operation before CNC manufacture using acid hydrolysis (60% H2SO4). The resulting materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential thermogravimetry (DTG), and Differential thermal analysis (DTA). FTIR indicates the newly produced CNCs is very much rich with active sites like –OH, -NH, -COOH, -C-O-C-, etc., while SEM revealed the raw fiber surface was rough, whereas the surface of CNCs became smooth even after the removal of lignin, fatty, and waxy compounds. Overall, acid hydrolysis was shown to increase the crystallinity of bleached SLSF while reducing cellulose dimensions to the nanoscale. After analysis it was revealed that most CNC particle size was around 100 nm. The outstanding properties of CNCs, including as high strength, biodegradability, and low environmental impact, make them ideal candidates for reinforcing composites, improving medicine delivery systems, and aiding new electronics. Ongoing research and technology advancements in integrating CNCs into many applications have the potential to alter industries looking for sustainable and high-performance materials.

如今,我们极度依赖各种合成塑料材料来维持巨大的需求,因此,工业和人类都产生了大量塑料垃圾,由于其不可生物降解的特性,这些垃圾对整个环境造成了极大的危害。为了用生态友好型生物聚合物取代化石基塑料材料来解决这一问题,我们将在本研究中介绍一种从废弃甘蔗叶鞘(SLSF)纤维中生产结晶纳米纤维素(CNC)作为绿色增强剂的新方法。变废为宝的方法旨在通过将农业残留物(尤其是甘蔗叶鞘纤维)转化为高质量的 CNC,使其在多个领域得到应用。首先用洗涤剂清洗 SLSF 以去除杂质,然后进行碱处理和漂白操作,最后使用酸水解(60% H2SO4)制造 CNC。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TGA)、差热分析(DTG)和差热分析(DTA)对制备的材料进行了表征。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)表明,新生成的 CNC 具有非常丰富的活性位点,如 -OH、-NH、-COOH、-C-O-C- 等;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)显示,原始纤维表面粗糙,而去除木质素、脂肪和蜡状化合物后,CNC 表面变得光滑。总之,酸水解可提高漂白 SLSF 的结晶度,同时将纤维素尺寸降至纳米级。分析表明,大多数 CNC 的粒径在 100 纳米左右。CNC 具有强度高、可生物降解、对环境影响小等优异特性,是增强复合材料、改善药物输送系统和辅助新型电子产品的理想材料。将 CNC 集成到多种应用中的持续研究和技术进步有可能改变寻求可持续高性能材料的行业。
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引用次数: 0
Waste biomass-derived activated carbons for selective oxygen adsorption 用于选择性吸附氧气的废弃生物质衍生活性炭
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100398
Harshal Kulkarni , Chandresh Bari , Sagnik Mukherjee , Prayag Gajera , Govind Sethia

Activated carbons (ACs) derived from waste rice husk ash (RHA) exhibit remarkable potential for selective oxygen adsorption. The pore morphology of the prepared materials was characterized utilizing BET measurement, t-plot, and BJH-plot suggesting a linear relation between activation temperature and mesopore volume, whereas, micropore volume decreases at activation beyond 550 °C. FT-IR spectroscopy confirms their non-polar surface. Notably, AC-600 achieves an outstanding O2/N2 (0.21/0.78) of 152.7 at 0.01 bar at 25 °C, owing to the non-polar nature of the surface, favouring oxygen adsorption due to its low quadrupole moment. Additionally, the mixed micro and mesoporous structure of AC-600 significantly enhance the oxygen adsorption, showing an ∼18.4% (or 1.2-fold) increase compared to AC-500. However, a ∼32.3% decrease in oxygen uptake was observed for AC-800 due to excessive “burn-off”. Adsorption selectivity, assessed with Ideal Adsorption Solution Theory (IAST) and fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model, and adsorption kinetics, analysed using the pseudo-second-order Lagergren and Webber-Morris intraparticle diffusion models, highlighted the impact of activation temperature on the porosity of the material. Understanding the surface chemistry and pore morphology of activated carbon offers deeper insights to enhance oxygen uptake capacity, advancing the development of sustainable, industrially viable materials for oxygen production.

从废弃稻壳灰(RHA)中提取的活性碳(AC)具有显著的选择性氧气吸附潜力。利用 BET 测量、t-plot 和 BJH-plot 表征了所制备材料的孔隙形态,结果表明活化温度与中孔体积呈线性关系,而活化温度超过 550 ℃ 时,微孔体积会减小。傅立叶变换红外光谱证实了它们的非极性表面。值得注意的是,AC-600 在 25 °C、0.01 巴的条件下,O2/N2(0.21/0.78)达到了 152.7 的优异水平,这是因为其表面具有非极性,其低四极矩有利于氧气的吸附。此外,AC-600 的微孔和介孔混合结构显著提高了氧气吸附能力,与 AC-500 相比,增加了 18.4%(或 1.2 倍)。然而,由于 "烧损 "过多,AC-800 的吸氧量下降了 ∼32.3%。利用理想吸附溶液理论(IAST)评估吸附选择性,并与 Freundlich 等温线模型相匹配;利用伪二阶 Lagergren 和 Webber-Morris 粒子内扩散模型分析吸附动力学,突出了活化温度对材料孔隙率的影响。对活性炭表面化学和孔隙形态的了解为提高氧气吸收能力提供了更深入的见解,推动了可持续的、工业上可行的制氧材料的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Carbonaceous matrixes-based free-standing electrode materials for energy storage 基于碳基质的独立式储能电极材料
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100397
Xuan Li , Binbin Fan , Zhongde Wang , Guoqing Guan

Free-standing electrode materials provide many desirable properties for electrochemical energy storage devices due to their light weight, good conductive capacity, excellent mechanical strength, high energy/power density and extraordinary electrochemical stability. Particularly, carbonaceous matrix nanomaterials, such as graphene materials, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon papers and carbon cloths, play important roles in the free-standing electrodes, including serving as conducting network skeleton, loading electrochemically active material, enhancing mechanical toughness and flexibility, and preventing the structural damage during charge/discharge processes. In this review, we give a systematic overview of the state-of-the-art research progress on carbonaceous matrixes-based free-standing electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage, from synthesis methods, structural design, to important applications in flexible energy storage devices including lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lithium-oxygen batteries, and supercapacitors for each class of matrix-based electrode materials. In particular, the structure design strategies utilizing the advantages of free-standing matrixes to address the existing issues and improve the electrochemical and mechanical performance of energy storage devices are discussed in detail. At the end, we also discuss the challenges and demonstrate the prospective for the future development of such materials for advanced flexible energy storage devices.

独立电极材料具有重量轻、导电性能好、机械强度高、能量/功率密度大和电化学稳定性强等优点,可为电化学储能装置提供许多理想特性。特别是碳基纳米材料,如石墨烯材料、碳纳米管、碳纳米纤维、碳纸和碳布等,在独立电极中发挥着重要作用,包括作为导电网络骨架、负载电化学活性材料、增强机械韧性和柔韧性以及防止充放电过程中的结构损坏。在这篇综述中,我们系统概述了基于碳质基质的电化学储能用独立电极材料的最新研究进展,从合成方法、结构设计,到每一类基质电极材料在锂离子电池、锂硫电池、钠离子电池、锂氧电池和超级电容器等柔性储能设备中的重要应用。特别是详细讨论了利用独立基质的优势解决现有问题并改善储能设备电化学和机械性能的结构设计策略。最后,我们还讨论了此类材料在先进柔性储能设备方面所面临的挑战,并展示了未来的发展前景。
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引用次数: 0
Electronic properties of two-dimensional rectangular graphyne based on phenyl-like building blocks 基于类苯基结构单元的二维矩形石墨烯的电子特性
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100395
Anderson Gomes Vieira , Marcelo Lopes Pereira Júnior , Vincent Meunier , Eduardo Costa Girão

A rectangular graphyne sheet is composed of units similar to phenyl rings that are linked by acetylenic chains, as in hexagonal γ-graphyne. This system is organized over a rectangular lattice similar to that of the recently synthesized biphenylene network. We investigate the stability of this layered material from different perspectives and study its electronic structure. Rectangular graphyne is a semiconducting system in its pristine form. It features a pair of highly localized states. These characteristics are correlated with the structural anisotropy of the system, since its frontier states behave like quasi-1D states embedded in the 2D lattice. We further consider modified systems in which longer acetylenic links are introduced. We discuss how a strategic choice of the position of these longer bridges leads to specific changes of the electronic structure of the rectangular graphyne sheet.

矩形石墨烯薄片由类似于苯基环的单元组成,这些单元通过乙炔链连接起来,就像六边形γ-石墨烯一样。该系统的矩形晶格与最近合成的联苯网络相似。我们从不同角度研究了这种层状材料的稳定性,并对其电子结构进行了研究。矩形石墨烯是一种原始的半导体系统。它具有一对高度局域化的状态。这些特征与系统的结构各向异性相关,因为其前沿态的行为类似于嵌入二维晶格中的准一维态。我们进一步考虑了引入较长乙炔链的改良系统。我们讨论了这些长桥位置的策略性选择如何导致矩形石墨烯薄片电子结构的特定变化。
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引用次数: 0
Photocatalytic performance of metal poly(heptazine imide) for carbon dioxide reduction 用于还原二氧化碳的金属聚(庚嗪亚胺)的光催化性能
IF 3.1 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cartre.2024.100396
Aika Yamaguchi, Chihiro Miyazaki, Yunosuke Takezawa, Goichiro Seo, Yuki Saito, Ryosuke Ohnuki, Shinya Yoshioka, Kaname Kanai

Poly(heptazine imide) (PHI), a carbon nitride polymer, is a highly efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic material. We aimed to improve its photocatalytic performance for CO2 conversion. We prepared M-PHIs by encapsulating different metals (M = K, Li, Rb, and Na) and H-PHIs, in which the metal of each M-PHI was ion-exchanged with a proton. We evaluated their photocatalytic activities for CO2 conversion and found that Na-PHI and H-PHI, prepared from Na-PHI (H-PHI(NaCl)), showed more than twice the CO production efficiency of melon and other PHIs.

The high CO production efficiency of Na-PHI and H-PHI(NaCl) was attributed to their extremely smaller particle size compared with those of the other PHIs. By closely examining the synthesis conditions of Na-PHI, we have identified a method to intentionally synthesize M-PHI with small particle size. These results provide a new strategy for highly efficient CO2 conversion using PHI.

聚(庚嗪亚胺)(PHI)是一种氮化碳聚合物,是一种高效的可见光光催化材料。我们的目标是提高其在二氧化碳转化方面的光催化性能。我们通过封装不同的金属(M = K、Li、Rb 和 Na)制备了 M-PHIs 和 H-PHIs,其中每种 M-PHI 的金属都与质子进行了离子交换。我们评估了它们转化二氧化碳的光催化活性,发现由 Na-PHI 制备的 Na-PHI 和 H-PHI(H-PHI(NaCl))的二氧化碳生成效率是甜瓜和其他 PHI 的两倍多。通过仔细研究 Na-PHI 的合成条件,我们找到了一种有意合成小粒径 M-PHI 的方法。这些结果为利用 PHI 高效转化二氧化碳提供了一种新策略。
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Carbon Trends
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