: Novel ideas tend to be resisted within existing organizations. Mobilizing resources requires that legitimacy be secured in some form. In the case of the development of JR Central’s 300-series Shinkansen, Japan National Railway, which had existed to date, was broken up and privatized, and JR Central, which generated most of its revenue from the Shinkansen, was established, limiting players and allowing the company to gain the approval of most internal organizations. In other words, the company was able to acquire legitimacy by increasing the ratio of supporters rather than the absolute number of supporters.
在现有的组织中，新颖的想法往往会受到抵制。调动资源需要以某种形式确保合法性。以JR Central的300系列新干线的开发为例，迄今为止存在的日本国家铁路公司(Japan National Railway)被拆分并私有化，而JR Central的大部分收入来自新干线，这限制了玩家，并允许公司获得大多数内部组织的批准。换句话说，该公司是通过增加支持者的比例而不是绝对数量来获得合法性的。
{"title":"The legitimacy acquisition process of Shinkansen speeding up","authors":"H. Kikuchi","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0180509A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0180509A","url":null,"abstract":": Novel ideas tend to be resisted within existing organizations. Mobilizing resources requires that legitimacy be secured in some form. In the case of the development of JR Central’s 300-series Shinkansen, Japan National Railway, which had existed to date, was broken up and privatized, and JR Central, which generated most of its revenue from the Shinkansen, was established, limiting players and allowing the company to gain the approval of most internal organizations. In other words, the company was able to acquire legitimacy by increasing the ratio of supporters rather than the absolute number of supporters.","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79050865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International allocation of value chains","authors":"Y. Suh","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0180320A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0180320A","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81165367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s, major institutional reform was undertaken in Japan to promote university–industry collaboration. The term “university–industry collaboration” appeared frequently in the media and became a fad. However, this did not last long, and it peaked in 2003. University–industry collaboration entered the spotlight again after 2010, when “open innovation” (Chesbrough, 2003) became popular in Japan. At that time, a new type of university–industry collaboration emerged. University–industry collaboration in Japan has traditionally taken the form of “small-scale, short-term, individual” contracts. In contrast, this new type of collaboration features “large-scale, long-term, comprehensive” contracts.
{"title":"Open innovation and the emergence of a new type of university–industry collaboration in Japan","authors":"Kenichi Kuwashima","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0180314A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0180314A","url":null,"abstract":"From the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s, major institutional reform was undertaken in Japan to promote university–industry collaboration. The term “university–industry collaboration” appeared frequently in the media and became a fad. However, this did not last long, and it peaked in 2003. University–industry collaboration entered the spotlight again after 2010, when “open innovation” (Chesbrough, 2003) became popular in Japan. At that time, a new type of university–industry collaboration emerged. University–industry collaboration in Japan has traditionally taken the form of “small-scale, short-term, individual” contracts. In contrast, this new type of collaboration features “large-scale, long-term, comprehensive” contracts.","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85224515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
What can be done to improve future parameters? Company X is a large firm with 1,300 full-time employees and 35 branches throughout Japan. Data collected from questionnaires showed that as the president of the company made site visits to the company’s branches, which created opportunities for dialog with employees, these efforts led to greater expectations for the future and improved those branches’ future parameters vis-à-vis branches that were not visited. This study found that this impact was even greater as employees’ attendance at social gatherings involving employees following these conversations was more than 80%. However, this impact disappeared when the company got a new president and this practice was discontinued. In other words, future parameters are not constants; hence, maintaining them requires constant attention.
{"title":"Talks with the president raise future expectations","authors":"N. Takahashi","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0180506A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0180506A","url":null,"abstract":"What can be done to improve future parameters? Company X is a large firm with 1,300 full-time employees and 35 branches throughout Japan. Data collected from questionnaires showed that as the president of the company made site visits to the company’s branches, which created opportunities for dialog with employees, these efforts led to greater expectations for the future and improved those branches’ future parameters vis-à-vis branches that were not visited. This study found that this impact was even greater as employees’ attendance at social gatherings involving employees following these conversations was more than 80%. However, this impact disappeared when the company got a new president and this practice was discontinued. In other words, future parameters are not constants; hence, maintaining them requires constant attention.","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88103260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: There is a general preconception that existing technologies are replaced by new ones. Christensen (1997) believed that integrated steelmaking technologies would be replaced by minimills in the steel industry. In addition, it was believed that traditional blast furnace technology in this industry would be replaced by FINEX technology. Whether it be the new technology of minimills or that of FINEX, either are vastly superior in cost when compared with existing technologies. In actuality, however, these new technologies have only replaced some existing technologies and even today are merely complementary to existing technologies. Both of these new technologies have issues with quality, and companies have not yet decided to discard existing technologies to replace them with the new ones.
{"title":"A Bandwagon with Few Passengers: Minimill and FINEX in Steel Industry","authors":"Sungwoo Byun","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0180311A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0180311A","url":null,"abstract":": There is a general preconception that existing technologies are replaced by new ones. Christensen (1997) believed that integrated steelmaking technologies would be replaced by minimills in the steel industry. In addition, it was believed that traditional blast furnace technology in this industry would be replaced by FINEX technology. Whether it be the new technology of minimills or that of FINEX, either are vastly superior in cost when compared with existing technologies. In actuality, however, these new technologies have only replaced some existing technologies and even today are merely complementary to existing technologies. Both of these new technologies have issues with quality, and companies have not yet decided to discard existing technologies to replace them with the new ones.","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"91 1","pages":"83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76703284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Existing research often cites continuity as a characteristic of organizational identity. In today’s world of dramatically changing business environments, however, how are organizations to maintain continuity? This paper uses text mining to analyze 14 years of annual reports, from 2002 to 2014, of FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation to understand changes in characteristic terms. Results showed that even as the market for FUJIFILM’s primary business, photographic film, shrunk dramatically, the term “film” continued to be used in various contexts, and the meaning of the term updated in response to changes in the company’s business structure. The company’s management used this process to deliberately keep continuity in an effort to maintain organizational identity.
{"title":"How Are We Keeping \"Who Are We?\": Organizational Identity of FUJIFILM","authors":"Yosuke Fukushima","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0180204A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0180204A","url":null,"abstract":": Existing research often cites continuity as a characteristic of organizational identity. In today’s world of dramatically changing business environments, however, how are organizations to maintain continuity? This paper uses text mining to analyze 14 years of annual reports, from 2002 to 2014, of FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation to understand changes in characteristic terms. Results showed that even as the market for FUJIFILM’s primary business, photographic film, shrunk dramatically, the term “film” continued to be used in various contexts, and the meaning of the term updated in response to changes in the company’s business structure. The company’s management used this process to deliberately keep continuity in an effort to maintain organizational identity.","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"90 9 1","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87731141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Japanese firms’ compliance activities have developed and become the norm to a certain extent. However, when we surveyed seven companies in various industries, including two firms that have experienced scandals, through interviews and public documents, we found that these seven firms’ compliance systems were surprisingly similar. This is because the institutionalization of compliance activities among Japanese firms has advanced under the influence of the Japan Business Federation and the Japanese government, and in fact, the mechanism of Dimaggio and Powell’s institutional isomorphism is at work. We believe that this is because the isomorphism in compliance activities that has developed independently of performance or of the ability to prevent scandals.
{"title":"Institutional isomorphism in Japanese firms' compliance activities","authors":"Ayako Aizawa","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0180130A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0180130A","url":null,"abstract":": Japanese firms’ compliance activities have developed and become the norm to a certain extent. However, when we surveyed seven companies in various industries, including two firms that have experienced scandals, through interviews and public documents, we found that these seven firms’ compliance systems were surprisingly similar. This is because the institutionalization of compliance activities among Japanese firms has advanced under the influence of the Japan Business Federation and the Japanese government, and in fact, the mechanism of Dimaggio and Powell’s institutional isomorphism is at work. We believe that this is because the isomorphism in compliance activities that has developed independently of performance or of the ability to prevent scandals.","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"46 1","pages":"57-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82481844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Many motorcycle dealers are family businesses, and they are rather oriented to short-term sales and do not operate only on logic without an emotional stake. Harley-Davidson Japan (HDJ) set up an authorized dealership system made up only of dealers with no capital relationship and did not directly manage dealers. This paper examines the period from 1991 to 2008, when Toshifumi Okui was the CEO of HDJ, during which time HDJ maintained top market share among large motorcycle companies in Japan and was a successful example of distribution system integration for other motorcycle manufacturers. For the dealers to implement HDJ’s intentions, the formal side of HDJ’s distribution system integration focused on the institutionalization of a “no control sales zero policy” and a “multilayer human relationship building policy.” However, critical to these were informal handwritten letters from the top-level management and the “Tokyo Court.”
{"title":"Two sides of management in distribution system integration","authors":"Y. Yamashiro","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0171122A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0171122A","url":null,"abstract":": Many motorcycle dealers are family businesses, and they are rather oriented to short-term sales and do not operate only on logic without an emotional stake. Harley-Davidson Japan (HDJ) set up an authorized dealership system made up only of dealers with no capital relationship and did not directly manage dealers. This paper examines the period from 1991 to 2008, when Toshifumi Okui was the CEO of HDJ, during which time HDJ maintained top market share among large motorcycle companies in Japan and was a successful example of distribution system integration for other motorcycle manufacturers. For the dealers to implement HDJ’s intentions, the formal side of HDJ’s distribution system integration focused on the institutionalization of a “no control sales zero policy” and a “multilayer human relationship building policy.” However, critical to these were informal handwritten letters from the top-level management and the “Tokyo Court.”","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"55 1","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91342637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This document analyzes the evolution of policy-related discussions in open source software by using several projects’ policy mailing list archives and focusing on the Debian Project. More specifically, it utilizes approximately 70,000 pieces of mail exchanged since the end of the 1990s, investigating the rise and fall in activity and what sort of topics was discussed. The results of this paper’s inquiry suggest that mail volumes peaked in 2005, that policy discussions were led and mainly contributed to by a relatively small subset of persons who only posted related to policy, and that overall mailing list traffic (not only related to policy) declined after 2006, possibly due to a transfer of discussion to Wikis, chats, and other such platforms.
{"title":"The role of mailing lists for policy discussions in open source development","authors":"Masayuki Hatta","doi":"10.7880/ABAS.0170904A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7880/ABAS.0170904A","url":null,"abstract":"This document analyzes the evolution of policy-related discussions in open source software by using several projects’ policy mailing list archives and focusing on the Debian Project. More specifically, it utilizes approximately 70,000 pieces of mail exchanged since the end of the 1990s, investigating the rise and fall in activity and what sort of topics was discussed. The results of this paper’s inquiry suggest that mail volumes peaked in 2005, that policy discussions were led and mainly contributed to by a relatively small subset of persons who only posted related to policy, and that overall mailing list traffic (not only related to policy) declined after 2006, possibly due to a transfer of discussion to Wikis, chats, and other such platforms.","PeriodicalId":52658,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Business Administrative Science","volume":"2007 1","pages":"31-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83343956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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