Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263010
Oleksii Trachuk
Archaeological researches of settlements and hillforts of the VII-III centuries B.C. in the Middle and Upper Dnieper region on the territory of Ukraine and Belarus in the 20th and 21st centuries contributed to the possibility of further ethnological research of the Slavs. B. Rybakov in the 1980s developed a system of the Eastern Slavs ethnogenesis research from the Bronze Age to Ruthenia using the methods of historical geography, based on the research of Ukrainian (S. Berezanska, V. Illinska, O. Terenozhkina, etc.) and Belarusian (O. Melnykivska, L. Pobolia) archaeologists. He compared the maps of the homeland of the Proto-Slavic tribes from different periods and found the sameness of their main contours for two millennia. This fact became the basis of our further research.During the Scythian period, a civilizational breakdown took place in Rome and Athens – a change from the natural tribal system to the imperial-oligarchic one. In Eastern Europe during these ages and before the emergence of Kyivan Rus, Slavic tribes continued to live in a tribal system. In this work, we aim to prove the tribal structure of the Slavs by locating the nests of the ancestral settlements of the Slavic tribes of the Herodotus’ Neurs and Scythian farmers in the basins of the Dnieper, Prypiat, and Desna rivers on the modern maps at a scale of 1:250,000. Analogous mapping of the nests of Scythian farmers’ tribal settlements of the Left Bank of Ukraine was published in the previous issue of the Ukrainoznavstvo journal. These and further similar studies will reveal the characteristic features of the ethnogenesis of Ukrainian Slavs from the annalistic tribes of Kyivan Rus to the Iron, Bronze, and Copper Ages.
{"title":"Localization of the Nevrian and Scythian Plowmen Tribes in the Context of Ethnogenesis of Eastern Slavs","authors":"Oleksii Trachuk","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263010","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological researches of settlements and hillforts of the VII-III centuries B.C. in the Middle and Upper Dnieper region on the territory of Ukraine and Belarus in the 20th and 21st centuries contributed to the possibility of further ethnological research of the Slavs. B. Rybakov in the 1980s developed a system of the Eastern Slavs ethnogenesis research from the Bronze Age to Ruthenia using the methods of historical geography, based on the research of Ukrainian (S. Berezanska, V. Illinska, O. Terenozhkina, etc.) and Belarusian (O. Melnykivska, L. Pobolia) archaeologists. He compared the maps of the homeland of the Proto-Slavic tribes from different periods and found the sameness of their main contours for two millennia. This fact became the basis of our further research.During the Scythian period, a civilizational breakdown took place in Rome and Athens – a change from the natural tribal system to the imperial-oligarchic one. In Eastern Europe during these ages and before the emergence of Kyivan Rus, Slavic tribes continued to live in a tribal system. In this work, we aim to prove the tribal structure of the Slavs by locating the nests of the ancestral settlements of the Slavic tribes of the Herodotus’ Neurs and Scythian farmers in the basins of the Dnieper, Prypiat, and Desna rivers on the modern maps at a scale of 1:250,000. Analogous mapping of the nests of Scythian farmers’ tribal settlements of the Left Bank of Ukraine was published in the previous issue of the Ukrainoznavstvo journal. These and further similar studies will reveal the characteristic features of the ethnogenesis of Ukrainian Slavs from the annalistic tribes of Kyivan Rus to the Iron, Bronze, and Copper Ages.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47516056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263625
Mykola Horbatiuk
The article examines the process of regional political elite formation of Vinnytsia region in the context of Ukrainian state formation based on the analysis of the results of national and local elections held in the constituencies of Vinnytsia region, biographies of deputies from the region as well as deputies of Vinnytsia regional and city councils, heads of Vinnytsia regional state administration, heads of district state administrations and district councils of the region. The author provides the definition for the regional political elite and outlines the ways of its set up, offers the model of its modern structure for Vinnytsia region.Also, it was determined that at the beginning of the existence of an independent Ukraine, a key role in the formation of the new regional political elite was played by the people from the «nomenklatura» and former leaders of the Soviet enterprises. The obtained data confirms, that this social group was the main pool of recruitment of heads of Vinnytsia Regional State Administration and District State Administrations of Vinnytsia region until the mid-2000s, and the traditions they introduced into modern political culture influenced the formation of political and economic groups (clans) and the dominance of neopatrimonial relations in the interaction between different actors.As defined, people from different spheres of economic and socio-political life of the region participate in the formation of the modern regional political elite of Vinnytsia region. In particular, they are representatives of the economic elite (business owners, managers of private and state enterprises), party elite, elites of mass media and public organizations, and intellectual elite (heads and employees of science, education, medicine and culture). The tendency to increase the number of business representatives in these authorities while reducing the number of heads of state authorities, local governments and utilities was shown by the example of the Vinnytsia Regional Council of II, III, VII convocations and Vinnytsia City Council of VI and VII convocations; a consistently high level of the number of people from the intellectual elite in the regional and city councils was noted. Special attention is paid to the penetration of media and public sector figures into the power institutions as well as to their influence on the formation of the political agenda of the region.
{"title":"Formation of the Regional Political Elite of Vinnytsia Region","authors":"Mykola Horbatiuk","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263625","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the process of regional political elite formation of Vinnytsia region in the context of Ukrainian state formation based on the analysis of the results of national and local elections held in the constituencies of Vinnytsia region, biographies of deputies from the region as well as deputies of Vinnytsia regional and city councils, heads of Vinnytsia regional state administration, heads of district state administrations and district councils of the region. The author provides the definition for the regional political elite and outlines the ways of its set up, offers the model of its modern structure for Vinnytsia region.Also, it was determined that at the beginning of the existence of an independent Ukraine, a key role in the formation of the new regional political elite was played by the people from the «nomenklatura» and former leaders of the Soviet enterprises. The obtained data confirms, that this social group was the main pool of recruitment of heads of Vinnytsia Regional State Administration and District State Administrations of Vinnytsia region until the mid-2000s, and the traditions they introduced into modern political culture influenced the formation of political and economic groups (clans) and the dominance of neopatrimonial relations in the interaction between different actors.As defined, people from different spheres of economic and socio-political life of the region participate in the formation of the modern regional political elite of Vinnytsia region. In particular, they are representatives of the economic elite (business owners, managers of private and state enterprises), party elite, elites of mass media and public organizations, and intellectual elite (heads and employees of science, education, medicine and culture). The tendency to increase the number of business representatives in these authorities while reducing the number of heads of state authorities, local governments and utilities was shown by the example of the Vinnytsia Regional Council of II, III, VII convocations and Vinnytsia City Council of VI and VII convocations; a consistently high level of the number of people from the intellectual elite in the regional and city councils was noted. Special attention is paid to the penetration of media and public sector figures into the power institutions as well as to their influence on the formation of the political agenda of the region.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44142282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.264990
Oksana Vysoven, Yurii Fihurnyi
The article is devoted to the analysis of the attitude of the Russian aggressors and their proxies to the religious communities of Ukraine in 2014–2022. It has been established that in its essence «Russian World» is a neo-imperial geopolitical ideological doctrine aimed at theoretical justification and practical restoration of «great historical Russia» in the borders of the Russian Empire at the peak of its power in 1914. It turned out that with the help of the «Russian world», an important «soft power» of the Kremlin, Russia first planned to take over the mental space of Ukraine and the brains of its citizens, and then, in case of urgent need, to enter its troops and finally annex this territory to their state. It is shown that the Russian Orthodox Church played an important role in the neo-imperial plans of Russia, as it acted as an active provider of the «Russian world» in the spiritual, political, cultural and humanitarian space of Ukraine, and with the help of its branch, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, actively created threats and obstacles to the consolidation of Ukrainian society, thereby destroying the spiritual and practical foundations of unifying processes in Ukraine. It is substantiated that Russia's undeclared war against Ukraine and Ukrainians, which began in 2014 and its temporary occupation of a large part of Ukrainian territories, became a real test for the Ukrainian state and its citizens and a terrible tragedy for believers of all faiths. The main reason for the hatred of religious communities by Russian terrorist groups in the temporarily occupied territories has been determined, which consists in the fact that the occupiers recognize only one religious organization as legitimate, namely the Russian Orthodox Church and its integral part – the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, all other religious denominations are illegal and hostile and must therefore be eliminated. Examples of crimes against humanity committed by Russian terrorist forces in the territories temporarily occupied by the enemy of Ukraine against religious communities are highlighted.
{"title":"Attitude of Russian Aggressors and their Supporters to Believers of Different Faiths in Ukraine (2014—2022)","authors":"Oksana Vysoven, Yurii Fihurnyi","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.264990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.264990","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the attitude of the Russian aggressors and their proxies to the religious communities of Ukraine in 2014–2022. It has been established that in its essence «Russian World» is a neo-imperial geopolitical ideological doctrine aimed at theoretical justification and practical restoration of «great historical Russia» in the borders of the Russian Empire at the peak of its power in 1914. It turned out that with the help of the «Russian world», an important «soft power» of the Kremlin, Russia first planned to take over the mental space of Ukraine and the brains of its citizens, and then, in case of urgent need, to enter its troops and finally annex this territory to their state. It is shown that the Russian Orthodox Church played an important role in the neo-imperial plans of Russia, as it acted as an active provider of the «Russian world» in the spiritual, political, cultural and humanitarian space of Ukraine, and with the help of its branch, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, actively created threats and obstacles to the consolidation of Ukrainian society, thereby destroying the spiritual and practical foundations of unifying processes in Ukraine. It is substantiated that Russia's undeclared war against Ukraine and Ukrainians, which began in 2014 and its temporary occupation of a large part of Ukrainian territories, became a real test for the Ukrainian state and its citizens and a terrible tragedy for believers of all faiths. The main reason for the hatred of religious communities by Russian terrorist groups in the temporarily occupied territories has been determined, which consists in the fact that the occupiers recognize only one religious organization as legitimate, namely the Russian Orthodox Church and its integral part – the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, all other religious denominations are illegal and hostile and must therefore be eliminated. Examples of crimes against humanity committed by Russian terrorist forces in the territories temporarily occupied by the enemy of Ukraine against religious communities are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47309878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263012
Valentyn Krysachenko
The phenomenon of the national character of Ukraine is analyzed as a separate geopolitical reality, socio-cultural integrity and an independent state, which appears as the subject of actions and relations at various levels and dimensions - political, cultural, religious, social, economic, etc. The study is actualized by the phenomenon of Ukraine's insurmountable resistance to Russian military aggression, in the foundations of which are exactly the archetypal mental codes of Ukrainian life. National character is defined as an inherited and habitual set of traits and norms of behavior and value orientations of this integrity, which determine the form and content of reactions/responses to the influence of external factors. At the same time, the reconstruction of the national character involves taking into account empirical criteria and psychological patterns, properties and signs, followed by the identification of its essence. Also important are comparative and typological approaches, which make it possible to identify multiple objects, as well as a historical approach, which enables a retrospective vision of the origins and factors of the emergence of the Ukrainian character over time. Ukraine, as a subject, carries out certain activities aimed at mastering objective and spiritual reality, and is, at the same time, the bearer of certain features that makes such activities possible. Becoming a subject, Ukraine itself is (and should remain) an objective reality, that is, it has an ontological dimension, while possessing certain rational and spiritual and practical means allowing us to understand the world and transform it in the desired direction. Ukraine, as an integral carrier of the national character, must implement the following features into the system of its international communication, both official and non-governmental: persistence, consistency, stability, demandingness and, at the same time, benevolence, mutual understanding, obligation, responsibility and tolerance.
{"title":"The National Character of Ukraine: Genesis, Essence, Testing, State Subjectivity","authors":"Valentyn Krysachenko","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263012","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of the national character of Ukraine is analyzed as a separate geopolitical reality, socio-cultural integrity and an independent state, which appears as the subject of actions and relations at various levels and dimensions - political, cultural, religious, social, economic, etc. The study is actualized by the phenomenon of Ukraine's insurmountable resistance to Russian military aggression, in the foundations of which are exactly the archetypal mental codes of Ukrainian life. National character is defined as an inherited and habitual set of traits and norms of behavior and value orientations of this integrity, which determine the form and content of reactions/responses to the influence of external factors. At the same time, the reconstruction of the national character involves taking into account empirical criteria and psychological patterns, properties and signs, followed by the identification of its essence. Also important are comparative and typological approaches, which make it possible to identify multiple objects, as well as a historical approach, which enables a retrospective vision of the origins and factors of the emergence of the Ukrainian character over time. Ukraine, as a subject, carries out certain activities aimed at mastering objective and spiritual reality, and is, at the same time, the bearer of certain features that makes such activities possible. Becoming a subject, Ukraine itself is (and should remain) an objective reality, that is, it has an ontological dimension, while possessing certain rational and spiritual and practical means allowing us to understand the world and transform it in the desired direction. Ukraine, as an integral carrier of the national character, must implement the following features into the system of its international communication, both official and non-governmental: persistence, consistency, stability, demandingness and, at the same time, benevolence, mutual understanding, obligation, responsibility and tolerance.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47499253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.262950
Secretariat of the Society "Resistance of Western Ukraine"
Exhibition "Cultural History of Ukraine in the Colours of Interwar (1918—1939) and Wartime (1939—1945) Europe"
“两次世界大战之间(1918-1939)和战时(1939-1945)欧洲色彩下的乌克兰文化史”展览
{"title":"Exhibition \"Cultural History of Ukraine in the Colours of Interwar (1918—1939) and Wartime (1939—1945) Europe\"","authors":"Secretariat of the Society \"Resistance of Western Ukraine\"","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.262950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.262950","url":null,"abstract":"Exhibition \"Cultural History of Ukraine in the Colours of Interwar (1918—1939) and Wartime (1939—1945) Europe\"","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46377070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.264420
Iryna Krasnodemska, Yurii Fihurnyi
The article analyzes the life path and creative works of the famous Ukrainian studies scholar, historiographer, source researcher, archivist, doctor of historical sciences, professor, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Higher School of Ukraine, Yaroslav Kalakura, who celebrates his eighty-fifth birthday this year. The contribution of the scientist to various directions of Ukrainian studies is highlighted, in particular, in the development of theoretical and methodological foundations as well as conceptual and terminological tools of Ukrainian studies, problems of historical source studies, special historical disciplines, archival studies and archival management, in the creation of a number of educational textbooks and manuals.It is shown that Ya. Kalakura was one of those who at the dawn of the restoration of Ukrainian independence in the 90s of the 20th century understood the importance for our Motherland of Ukrainian studies – an integrative system of scientific knowledge about Ukraine, Ukrainians and world Ukrainians in space and time. The level of fruitful cooperation of Ya. Kalakura with the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies was clarified, the works of the scientist on the key problems of history, theory and methodology of Ukrainian studies, his interdisciplinary connection with historical science and other fields of knowledge were analyzed. The conceptual views of Ya. Kalakura in a number of topical works on the civilizational, sociocultural and anthropological history of Ukraine created with his participation are singled out. The role of the scientist in countering anti-Ukrainian forces, primarily the Russian Federation, denying the identity of the Ukrainian people as a state-political and ethno-cultural reality, attempts to enlist the arguments of history to legitimize and justify the occupation and genocidal war against Ukraine, with the help of weapons to return it to the so-called "great historical Russia" and "Russian world" is revealed.
{"title":"Researcher of Interdisciplinity and Scientific Synthesis of Ukrainian Studies (To the 85th Anniversary of Yaroslav Kalakura)","authors":"Iryna Krasnodemska, Yurii Fihurnyi","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.264420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.264420","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the life path and creative works of the famous Ukrainian studies scholar, historiographer, source researcher, archivist, doctor of historical sciences, professor, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Higher School of Ukraine, Yaroslav Kalakura, who celebrates his eighty-fifth birthday this year. The contribution of the scientist to various directions of Ukrainian studies is highlighted, in particular, in the development of theoretical and methodological foundations as well as conceptual and terminological tools of Ukrainian studies, problems of historical source studies, special historical disciplines, archival studies and archival management, in the creation of a number of educational textbooks and manuals.It is shown that Ya. Kalakura was one of those who at the dawn of the restoration of Ukrainian independence in the 90s of the 20th century understood the importance for our Motherland of Ukrainian studies – an integrative system of scientific knowledge about Ukraine, Ukrainians and world Ukrainians in space and time. The level of fruitful cooperation of Ya. Kalakura with the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies was clarified, the works of the scientist on the key problems of history, theory and methodology of Ukrainian studies, his interdisciplinary connection with historical science and other fields of knowledge were analyzed. The conceptual views of Ya. Kalakura in a number of topical works on the civilizational, sociocultural and anthropological history of Ukraine created with his participation are singled out. The role of the scientist in countering anti-Ukrainian forces, primarily the Russian Federation, denying the identity of the Ukrainian people as a state-political and ethno-cultural reality, attempts to enlist the arguments of history to legitimize and justify the occupation and genocidal war against Ukraine, with the help of weapons to return it to the so-called \"great historical Russia\" and \"Russian world\" is revealed.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46138289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.260314
Iryna Voronchuk
Despite the fact that in recent times the studies in urbanization processes in Ukrainian lands have undergone great advancements, the history of Ukrainian cities especially in the early modern period has not yet been sufficiently delved into. Therefore, studies in regional and local history remain topical for the Ukrainian historiography. The article looks at the history of the city of Polonne in the early modern period and is based on the Inventory of the division of the estates of Prince Oleksandr Ostrogski among his heirs in 1620. This study sheds light on how the city, which was known since the Old Rus times, was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later into the domain of the Ostrozki princely family. On the basis of the Inventory’s description, the spatial organization of the city, its internal arrangement, the system and special features of the buildings were studied. Such socio-topographical parts of the city as Zamok, Peredhoroddia, Stare Polonne, Nove Polonne, Luka and Zagroddia were identified. The article analyses the city socio-demographic situation, in particular, it gives numbers of settled households and within them the numbers of family structures and separate families. The ethnic composition, religious confessions of the city and its self-government on the basis of the Magdeburg law are described as well. With regard to the city’s economic life, it was found out that there had been at least 196 craftsmen and tradesmen in 46 fields. The duties of the citizens were also identified as well as their involvement in agriculture. The article proves that at the beginning of the 17th century the city was an important socio-cultural organism with a well-developed guild organization of crafts and a system of town self-government based on the Magdeburg law. The role of the owners of the city of Polonne – the princes of the House of Ostrogski – in its development in the early modern times is emphasized.
{"title":"The City of Polonne in the Early Modern Period: Socio-Economic and Demographic Aspects","authors":"Iryna Voronchuk","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.260314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.260314","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that in recent times the studies in urbanization processes in Ukrainian lands have undergone great advancements, the history of Ukrainian cities especially in the early modern period has not yet been sufficiently delved into. Therefore, studies in regional and local history remain topical for the Ukrainian historiography. The article looks at the history of the city of Polonne in the early modern period and is based on the Inventory of the division of the estates of Prince Oleksandr Ostrogski among his heirs in 1620. This study sheds light on how the city, which was known since the Old Rus times, was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later into the domain of the Ostrozki princely family. On the basis of the Inventory’s description, the spatial organization of the city, its internal arrangement, the system and special features of the buildings were studied. Such socio-topographical parts of the city as Zamok, Peredhoroddia, Stare Polonne, Nove Polonne, Luka and Zagroddia were identified. The article analyses the city socio-demographic situation, in particular, it gives numbers of settled households and within them the numbers of family structures and separate families. The ethnic composition, religious confessions of the city and its self-government on the basis of the Magdeburg law are described as well. With regard to the city’s economic life, it was found out that there had been at least 196 craftsmen and tradesmen in 46 fields. The duties of the citizens were also identified as well as their involvement in agriculture. The article proves that at the beginning of the 17th century the city was an important socio-cultural organism with a well-developed guild organization of crafts and a system of town self-government based on the Magdeburg law. The role of the owners of the city of Polonne – the princes of the House of Ostrogski – in its development in the early modern times is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42610694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263588
T. Bevz
Globalization has become an undeniable fact of our reality in recent decades. Focus is placed on the fact that globalization is a process that removes national borders, integrates national economies, cultures, technologies and management and creates complex relationships and interconnections mediated through diverse flows involving people, capitals, ideas, etc. Globalization creates risk of national identity loss, at the same time traditional forms of identity are violated, it is evident that mechanism of continuity of identity is missing.The full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine created a new reality, strengthening the sense of political unity and state uniqueness. The real motives of Russian aggression are the destruction of the Ukrainian people, their identity and the deprivation of their right to independent development. Ukrainians have proven to themselves and others that they exist as a nation having civil and national identity and are capable to defend their independence, territorial integrity, and unity.Over the years Russia has used identity and history as a weapon against Ukraine, implementing policy aimed at creating a distorted image of the Ukrainian people's identity and their desire for independence, which is realized through the spread all over the world ideologemes based on false and manipulative identification of Ukrainian patriotism with «Nazism» or other misanthropic ideologies.Russia's war against Ukraine is a war for the identity. Russian aggression is genocide against the Ukrainian people, the destruction of their identity and culture.
{"title":"The Effect of Globalization on the Establishing of National Identity in the Wartime: Challenges and Threats","authors":"T. Bevz","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.263588","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization has become an undeniable fact of our reality in recent decades. Focus is placed on the fact that globalization is a process that removes national borders, integrates national economies, cultures, technologies and management and creates complex relationships and interconnections mediated through diverse flows involving people, capitals, ideas, etc. Globalization creates risk of national identity loss, at the same time traditional forms of identity are violated, it is evident that mechanism of continuity of identity is missing.The full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine created a new reality, strengthening the sense of political unity and state uniqueness. The real motives of Russian aggression are the destruction of the Ukrainian people, their identity and the deprivation of their right to independent development. Ukrainians have proven to themselves and others that they exist as a nation having civil and national identity and are capable to defend their independence, territorial integrity, and unity.Over the years Russia has used identity and history as a weapon against Ukraine, implementing policy aimed at creating a distorted image of the Ukrainian people's identity and their desire for independence, which is realized through the spread all over the world ideologemes based on false and manipulative identification of Ukrainian patriotism with «Nazism» or other misanthropic ideologies.Russia's war against Ukraine is a war for the identity. Russian aggression is genocide against the Ukrainian people, the destruction of their identity and culture.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44941986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-09DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.3(84).2022.265074
Olena Hazizova
The research is focused on highlighting the situation of the Crimean Tatars in Crimea, analyzing the state policy of Ukraine in the field of satisfying cultural and educational needs of the Crimean Tatars after 1991, which will make it possible to identify errors and miscalculations when implementing ethnopolitics of independent Ukraine in Crimea and prevent similar ones in the future.Relevance of the researched issues is due to the fact, that the ethnopolitical conflict in Crimea and east of Ukraine attested that maintaining ethnopolitical stability is the most important task of the ethnonational policy of the state, a guarantee of the territorial integrity and inviolability. At the same time, legislation and actions of state authorities did not fully ensure ethnopolitical stability, which caused ethnopolitical destabilization with all its components (using one's own national minority to annex the territories of the country of its residence, illegal referendums, undeclared hybrid war).Foundations of views and ideologies, stereotypes and prejudices of the young generation who will later decide the fate of the country are laid through education. Therefore, considering the problems of preservation and development of the Crimean Tatar language in the socio-cultural space of Crimea, we focused on the miscalculations in the humanitarian policy of Ukraine towards the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.After 2014 a number of legislative documents aimed at protecting the rights of the Crimean Tatar people as an indigenous people of Ukraine were adopted in Ukraine. The activities of Crimean Tatar public organizations concerning the national and cultural revival of the ethnic group were also intensified. However, despite public initiatives and projects, it is necessary to develop and implement an effective state program for the protection and development of the Crimean Tatar language in the conditions of modern challenges. One of the key points of this program should be the development of a network of classes with the Crimean Tatar language as a language of education, the opening and support of Sunday schools, publication of textbooks and additional literature in the Crimean Tatar language, and the financial support of public cultural and educational initiatives. It is important to develop and support projects that would represent Crimean Tatar culture in Ukraine and the whole world.
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