Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275328
I. Hrabovska, Serhii Hrabovskyi
The authors consider the issues of geopolitical subjectivity of Ukraine in the context of globalization processes, starting from the end of the 18th century. The article proves that each significant stage of globalization (the authors use the conceptual metaphor "wave of globalization"), among others, results in anti-colonial revolutions, the emergence of new states, and the independence of countries conquered by empires. Far not every anti-colonial revolution is connected with the formation and establishment of a new geopolitical subject, however, each testifies to a certain national maturity and subjectivity of the activist of such a revolution. This all applied in the past and applies to Ukraine now.Globalization was not and is not a linear process. It sees "ebbs and flows", sometimes the destruction of the achieved gains and advantages of the global economic and political systems. At the initial stages of globalization, despite the problems caused primarily by Russian imperial rule, Ukrainian society underwent noticeable modernization, but found itself in a situation of "delayed nation-building". Various, sometimes diametrically opposed, globalization projects compete with each other and influence those countries that have not yet acquired political subjectivity on the world stage. According to the authors, during the 20th and 21st centuries, the main plot of world development was the constant struggle between more or less democratic and currently totalitarian globalization projects, which had Ukraine as one of their arenas. The emergence of totalitarian states and corresponding global projects coincided in time with the Ukrainian revolution that began in 1917 and had a significant impact on its course, results, and subsequent events. The authors insist that already at that time, Ukraine had already become an important geopolitical factor, but not yet a subject, although certain Ukrainian forces were already internationally significant figures. Ukraine has become a full-fledged geopolitical subject under the current circumstances, having managed to effectively resist Russian aggression.
{"title":"Waves of Globalization, Decolonization and Geopolitical Subjectivity","authors":"I. Hrabovska, Serhii Hrabovskyi","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275328","url":null,"abstract":"The authors consider the issues of geopolitical subjectivity of Ukraine in the context of globalization processes, starting from the end of the 18th century. The article proves that each significant stage of globalization (the authors use the conceptual metaphor \"wave of globalization\"), among others, results in anti-colonial revolutions, the emergence of new states, and the independence of countries conquered by empires. Far not every anti-colonial revolution is connected with the formation and establishment of a new geopolitical subject, however, each testifies to a certain national maturity and subjectivity of the activist of such a revolution. This all applied in the past and applies to Ukraine now.Globalization was not and is not a linear process. It sees \"ebbs and flows\", sometimes the destruction of the achieved gains and advantages of the global economic and political systems. At the initial stages of globalization, despite the problems caused primarily by Russian imperial rule, Ukrainian society underwent noticeable modernization, but found itself in a situation of \"delayed nation-building\". Various, sometimes diametrically opposed, globalization projects compete with each other and influence those countries that have not yet acquired political subjectivity on the world stage. According to the authors, during the 20th and 21st centuries, the main plot of world development was the constant struggle between more or less democratic and currently totalitarian globalization projects, which had Ukraine as one of their arenas. The emergence of totalitarian states and corresponding global projects coincided in time with the Ukrainian revolution that began in 1917 and had a significant impact on its course, results, and subsequent events. The authors insist that already at that time, Ukraine had already become an important geopolitical factor, but not yet a subject, although certain Ukrainian forces were already internationally significant figures. Ukraine has become a full-fledged geopolitical subject under the current circumstances, having managed to effectively resist Russian aggression.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45520913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275318
Oleksii Trachuk
Nests of settlements were the basis of the research on family and tribal structure of the Slavs (Nevrs, Scythians-ploughmen, Scythians-farmers, and Veneds of the Zarubyntsi culture) of the 7th century BCE – 2nd century CE, which was published in the "Ukrainoznavstvo" journal (2022, №. 2–4). Mapping the nests of settlements on modern maps makes it possible to compare the changes in the location of the named Slavic tribes over time, which in fact offers a new method of sociocultural anthropology – the method of family-tribe geography of the Slavs–Ukrainians ethnogenesis. This method permits to detect the characteristic features of the social, cultural, and economic life of the clans and tribes of the Slavs in the chain of epochs with the help of various branches of science: archaeology, ethnography, linguistics, anthropology, as well as folklore, beliefs, law, crafts, and technologies. And the main thing is that this method allows you to move away from ethnically undefined "carriers of archaeological cultures", which are a relic of Soviet archaeology and do not allow studying the ancient history of families and peoples that inhabited the territory of Eastern Europe since the Palaeolithic. During the modern war, Ukrainians-farmers, for the Russians "Little Russians", are very energetically freeing themselves from the arms of nomads, herdsmen, "Great Russians". The artificially created unity of russian, Belarusian, and Ukrainian has already faded into the past. At the same time, interest in the ancient history of the Ukrainian people, which is hidden in archaeological sites and their interpretations, is constantly growing in the world.Our attention is drawn to Jordan's message about the various ethnonyms of the Veneds (the name by which the early Slavs were called), according to which the Veneds are divided into separate tribes that have names according to their families or places of residence. This message is confirmed in this article.Based on the research of archaeologists (largely based on L. Pobol's collection of monuments, which includes 517 late Zarubyntsi settlements), we have localised 50 nests settlements of Slavs-Veneds of the 2nd–5th centuries CE on the map of Belarus. (Fig. 1). It has been established that the tribes of the historical Slavs-Veneds of the late stage of the Zarubyntsi culture occupied the same territory of the Upper Dnipro where 36 tribes of the Zarubyntsi culture of the early stage of the 3rd century BCE lived – the 2nd century CE ("Ukrainian Studies," 2022, № 4, Fig. 14). So, there are reasons to express the opinion that the north-western part of the Veneds of the late Zarubyntsi culture – the ancestors of the current Belarusians – lived with the ancestors of the Ukrainians on the same territory for thousands of years, that is, they have a common history. And the Pripyat River did not divide our nations but united them for many centuries.
{"title":"Veneds Tribes of the Late Zarubyntsi Culture of Upper Dnieper in the 2nd–5th Centuries CE","authors":"Oleksii Trachuk","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275318","url":null,"abstract":"Nests of settlements were the basis of the research on family and tribal structure of the Slavs (Nevrs, Scythians-ploughmen, Scythians-farmers, and Veneds of the Zarubyntsi culture) of the 7th century BCE – 2nd century CE, which was published in the \"Ukrainoznavstvo\" journal (2022, №. 2–4). Mapping the nests of settlements on modern maps makes it possible to compare the changes in the location of the named Slavic tribes over time, which in fact offers a new method of sociocultural anthropology – the method of family-tribe geography of the Slavs–Ukrainians ethnogenesis. This method permits to detect the characteristic features of the social, cultural, and economic life of the clans and tribes of the Slavs in the chain of epochs with the help of various branches of science: archaeology, ethnography, linguistics, anthropology, as well as folklore, beliefs, law, crafts, and technologies. And the main thing is that this method allows you to move away from ethnically undefined \"carriers of archaeological cultures\", which are a relic of Soviet archaeology and do not allow studying the ancient history of families and peoples that inhabited the territory of Eastern Europe since the Palaeolithic. During the modern war, Ukrainians-farmers, for the Russians \"Little Russians\", are very energetically freeing themselves from the arms of nomads, herdsmen, \"Great Russians\". The artificially created unity of russian, Belarusian, and Ukrainian has already faded into the past. At the same time, interest in the ancient history of the Ukrainian people, which is hidden in archaeological sites and their interpretations, is constantly growing in the world.Our attention is drawn to Jordan's message about the various ethnonyms of the Veneds (the name by which the early Slavs were called), according to which the Veneds are divided into separate tribes that have names according to their families or places of residence. This message is confirmed in this article.Based on the research of archaeologists (largely based on L. Pobol's collection of monuments, which includes 517 late Zarubyntsi settlements), we have localised 50 nests settlements of Slavs-Veneds of the 2nd–5th centuries CE on the map of Belarus. (Fig. 1). It has been established that the tribes of the historical Slavs-Veneds of the late stage of the Zarubyntsi culture occupied the same territory of the Upper Dnipro where 36 tribes of the Zarubyntsi culture of the early stage of the 3rd century BCE lived – the 2nd century CE (\"Ukrainian Studies,\" 2022, № 4, Fig. 14). So, there are reasons to express the opinion that the north-western part of the Veneds of the late Zarubyntsi culture – the ancestors of the current Belarusians – lived with the ancestors of the Ukrainians on the same territory for thousands of years, that is, they have a common history. And the Pripyat River did not divide our nations but united them for many centuries.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45642229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269261
Serhii Hubskyi
The article highlights the issues of the underground activities of the OUN underground and the UPA fighters during the Second World War in Ukrainian historiography. The program and ideological documents of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) are analyzed in relation to their vision of the role and place of Crimea in the geopolitical strategies of the future independent Ukrainian state. It is noted that back in the 20s–30s of the 20th century ideologists of the nationalist movement developed geostrategic concepts in which Crimea occupied a key place as a certain outpost of the Black Sea region, which cannot be conceded under any circumstances. It is noted that in these documents Ukrainian nationalists considered Crimea as the main base of the Ukrainian naval forces and the Ukrainian merchant fleet.It was established that Ukrainian nationalists began to implement their plans and own ideas in the conditions of the German-Soviet war, which is reflected in the works of Ukrainian historians and direct participants of those events. It is noted there that already at the beginning of July 1941, the first derivative groups of the OUN went to the central Ukrainian lands, from where they planned to take over all ethnic Ukrainian lands, creating their own authorities and administrations on them, and Crimea was one of their destinations. Accordingly, the OUN (Melnik’s supporters) and OUN (Bandera’s supporters) created special Crimean groups that were to move directly to the peninsula. In the autumn of 1941, the first groups of the OUN managed to enter the territory of the peninsula. At that time, the German occupation regime began repression against the members and supporters of the OUN, so the derivative groups moving to the Crimea were under the threat of exposure and physical destruction.It is noted that in Ukrainian historiography there is a widespread opinion, supported by the documentary base and eyewitness accounts, that Simferopol became the center of activity in Crimea. Separate structures of the OUN were also created in Dzhankoi, Yalta and other cities of the peninsula. Being persecuted by the German repressive authorities, Ukrainian nationalists were still able to gain a foothold in Crimea and start systematic organizational work, which consisted in creating a network of supporters, activities of cultural, educational and religious structures.It was established that in the conditions of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the temporary occupation of part of the Ukrainian territory, including Crimea, comprehensive and unbiased coverage of the above-mentioned topic is a relevant and necessary matter today.
{"title":"Activities of the OUN Underground and the UPA Fighters in the Territory of Crimea during World War II (1941—1944) in Ukrainian Historiography","authors":"Serhii Hubskyi","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269261","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the issues of the underground activities of the OUN underground and the UPA fighters during the Second World War in Ukrainian historiography. The program and ideological documents of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) are analyzed in relation to their vision of the role and place of Crimea in the geopolitical strategies of the future independent Ukrainian state. It is noted that back in the 20s–30s of the 20th century ideologists of the nationalist movement developed geostrategic concepts in which Crimea occupied a key place as a certain outpost of the Black Sea region, which cannot be conceded under any circumstances. It is noted that in these documents Ukrainian nationalists considered Crimea as the main base of the Ukrainian naval forces and the Ukrainian merchant fleet.It was established that Ukrainian nationalists began to implement their plans and own ideas in the conditions of the German-Soviet war, which is reflected in the works of Ukrainian historians and direct participants of those events. It is noted there that already at the beginning of July 1941, the first derivative groups of the OUN went to the central Ukrainian lands, from where they planned to take over all ethnic Ukrainian lands, creating their own authorities and administrations on them, and Crimea was one of their destinations. Accordingly, the OUN (Melnik’s supporters) and OUN (Bandera’s supporters) created special Crimean groups that were to move directly to the peninsula. In the autumn of 1941, the first groups of the OUN managed to enter the territory of the peninsula. At that time, the German occupation regime began repression against the members and supporters of the OUN, so the derivative groups moving to the Crimea were under the threat of exposure and physical destruction.It is noted that in Ukrainian historiography there is a widespread opinion, supported by the documentary base and eyewitness accounts, that Simferopol became the center of activity in Crimea. Separate structures of the OUN were also created in Dzhankoi, Yalta and other cities of the peninsula. Being persecuted by the German repressive authorities, Ukrainian nationalists were still able to gain a foothold in Crimea and start systematic organizational work, which consisted in creating a network of supporters, activities of cultural, educational and religious structures.It was established that in the conditions of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the temporary occupation of part of the Ukrainian territory, including Crimea, comprehensive and unbiased coverage of the above-mentioned topic is a relevant and necessary matter today.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46805449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"All-Ukrainian Round Table \"Will is Stronger than any Slavery\" (To the 300th Anniversary of the Birth of Hryhorii Skovoroda)","authors":"Yurii Fihurnyi","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269186","url":null,"abstract":"All-Ukrainian Round Table \"Will is Stronger than any Slavery\" (To the 300th Anniversary of the Birth of Hryhorii Skovoroda)","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42989176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269187
O. Pavliv
Exhibition "Holodomor-Genocide of 1932—1933 in the USSR"
展览“1932-1933年苏联大饥荒”
{"title":"Exhibition \"Holodomor-Genocide of 1932—1933 in the USSR\"","authors":"O. Pavliv","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269187","url":null,"abstract":"Exhibition \"Holodomor-Genocide of 1932—1933 in the USSR\"","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47431609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269485
Hennadiy Kazakevych
The paper deals with the ethnocultural processes that took place in the 3rd century BC – 1st century AD on the territory of Ukraine and neighbouring lands of Central and Eastern Europe. These processes, in particular, have expressed themselves in the emergence of terms ‘Celtoscythians’ and ‘Bastarnae’. The author aims to show that ancient Greeks and Romans used these names to define barbaric population, which, was living on the territory of Scythia according to geographical concepts of those days, but had material culture and customs similar to Celtic and, to some extent, could use Celtic dialects. It is stated that the lands of present-day Ukraine were stretched across the distinct periphery of the ‘Celtic world’.A group of Celtic settlements and burials which occupied the Transcarpathian region was a rather typical sub-group of the La Tene culture, similar to those in nearby regions of Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. There are only traces of the ‘Celtic’ military raids and micro-migrations in the lands eastward of the Carpathian Mountains and they had no significant impact on the cultural situation in the region. At the turn of the eras, in the basins of Dniester and Dnipro, the new Poieneşti-Lukashevka and Zarubyntsi archaeological cultures emerged. Both combined Jastorf and La Tène traditions and local traditions. The Greek and Roman authors used the new ‘umbrella’ ethnic entities ‘Bastarnae’ and ‘Κελτοσκύθαι’. Such mixed groups of the population emerged as a result of intensifying cultural contacts between the Baltic and Pontic areas. One may pay attention to the communication route from Hellespont to the Baltic shores that Plinius the Elder described in his Naturalis Historia (NH. IV. 28). Apparently, the route following Dniester and Vistula played a significant role in exchange of prestigious artefacts, as well as ideas and technologies between various groups of population of the Northern and Eastern fringes of the Celtic world. The contact zone that formed along this route played an important role in the processes of ethnogenesis on the territory of Ukraine over the following centuries.
{"title":"'Celtoscythians': Ethnical Processes and Cultural Contacts in the Baltic-Black Sea Region (3rd Century BC — 1st Century AD)","authors":"Hennadiy Kazakevych","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.269485","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the ethnocultural processes that took place in the 3rd century BC – 1st century AD on the territory of Ukraine and neighbouring lands of Central and Eastern Europe. These processes, in particular, have expressed themselves in the emergence of terms ‘Celtoscythians’ and ‘Bastarnae’. The author aims to show that ancient Greeks and Romans used these names to define barbaric population, which, was living on the territory of Scythia according to geographical concepts of those days, but had material culture and customs similar to Celtic and, to some extent, could use Celtic dialects. It is stated that the lands of present-day Ukraine were stretched across the distinct periphery of the ‘Celtic world’.A group of Celtic settlements and burials which occupied the Transcarpathian region was a rather typical sub-group of the La Tene culture, similar to those in nearby regions of Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. There are only traces of the ‘Celtic’ military raids and micro-migrations in the lands eastward of the Carpathian Mountains and they had no significant impact on the cultural situation in the region. At the turn of the eras, in the basins of Dniester and Dnipro, the new Poieneşti-Lukashevka and Zarubyntsi archaeological cultures emerged. Both combined Jastorf and La Tène traditions and local traditions. The Greek and Roman authors used the new ‘umbrella’ ethnic entities ‘Bastarnae’ and ‘Κελτοσκύθαι’. Such mixed groups of the population emerged as a result of intensifying cultural contacts between the Baltic and Pontic areas. One may pay attention to the communication route from Hellespont to the Baltic shores that Plinius the Elder described in his Naturalis Historia (NH. IV. 28). Apparently, the route following Dniester and Vistula played a significant role in exchange of prestigious artefacts, as well as ideas and technologies between various groups of population of the Northern and Eastern fringes of the Celtic world. The contact zone that formed along this route played an important role in the processes of ethnogenesis on the territory of Ukraine over the following centuries.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42474229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.270119
L. Otroshko
The article analyzes and emphasizes the important role of the Ukrainian diaspora in the countries of Europe and North America, it continues to play after the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russian armed forces. The support of Ukrainians by the diaspora in the conditions of insidious and unprovoked military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and Ukrainians is characterized. In particular, the current state of studying the role of Ukrainians abroad in European and North American countries is presented. It is traced how the Ukrainian diaspora, with the help of governmental and non-governmental international humanitarian organizations, continues to support the Ukrainian state from the beginning of the military conflict and helps to overcome the consequences of the armed expansion of the Russian Federation. It was revealed that after the armed aggression of the Russian Federation on the territory of the Ukrainian state, the Ukrainian diaspora actively joined the struggle for the preservation of Ukrainian statehood, ethnocultural space, ethnic culture and identity. It is shown that Ukrainian communities abroad have undertaken informational, diplomatic, financial, humanitarian, military, cultural and social work. It has been found that Ukrainians abroad constantly accelerate the victory of Ukraine in the Russian-Ukrainian war actively supporting refugees and displaced persons, providing diplomatic and financial support through international and humanitarian programs and funds, finding temporary shelter, promoting the flow of military, medical and humanitarian aid to Ukraine, limiting infoterror in the media and cyberspace. It is substantiated that with the assistance of Ukrainians abroad, social and humanitarian aid centers operate both from volunteers and from international charitable organizations. It was highlighted that Ukrainian embassies, in close cooperation with Ukrainians abroad, actively spread knowledge about Ukraine, its past and present, thereby contributing to the further consolidation of Ukraine as a strategic partner state with a long history, rich culture and clearly defined European and North Atlantic perspectives.
{"title":"Ukrainians in Countries of Europe and North America Opposing Armed Aggression of the Russian Federation Against Ukraine","authors":"L. Otroshko","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.270119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.270119","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes and emphasizes the important role of the Ukrainian diaspora in the countries of Europe and North America, it continues to play after the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russian armed forces. The support of Ukrainians by the diaspora in the conditions of insidious and unprovoked military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and Ukrainians is characterized. In particular, the current state of studying the role of Ukrainians abroad in European and North American countries is presented. It is traced how the Ukrainian diaspora, with the help of governmental and non-governmental international humanitarian organizations, continues to support the Ukrainian state from the beginning of the military conflict and helps to overcome the consequences of the armed expansion of the Russian Federation. It was revealed that after the armed aggression of the Russian Federation on the territory of the Ukrainian state, the Ukrainian diaspora actively joined the struggle for the preservation of Ukrainian statehood, ethnocultural space, ethnic culture and identity. It is shown that Ukrainian communities abroad have undertaken informational, diplomatic, financial, humanitarian, military, cultural and social work. It has been found that Ukrainians abroad constantly accelerate the victory of Ukraine in the Russian-Ukrainian war actively supporting refugees and displaced persons, providing diplomatic and financial support through international and humanitarian programs and funds, finding temporary shelter, promoting the flow of military, medical and humanitarian aid to Ukraine, limiting infoterror in the media and cyberspace. It is substantiated that with the assistance of Ukrainians abroad, social and humanitarian aid centers operate both from volunteers and from international charitable organizations. It was highlighted that Ukrainian embassies, in close cooperation with Ukrainians abroad, actively spread knowledge about Ukraine, its past and present, thereby contributing to the further consolidation of Ukraine as a strategic partner state with a long history, rich culture and clearly defined European and North Atlantic perspectives.","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47784982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.268323
Yurii Fihurnyi, Olha Shakurova
All-Ukrainian Research and Practical Conference "Ukrainian Studies in the System of National Education, Science, State Humanitarian Policy"
“国家教育、科学、国家人道主义政策体系中的乌克兰研究”全乌克兰研究与实践会议
{"title":"All-Ukrainian Research and Practical Conference \"Ukrainian Studies in the System of National Education, Science, State Humanitarian Policy\"","authors":"Yurii Fihurnyi, Olha Shakurova","doi":"10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.268323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.268323","url":null,"abstract":"All-Ukrainian Research and Practical Conference \"Ukrainian Studies in the System of National Education, Science, State Humanitarian Policy\"","PeriodicalId":52730,"journal":{"name":"Ukrayinoznavstvo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42519207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.271179
Ihor Huliuk
The article raises the problem of enmity among the Volyn nobility in the second half of the 16th – the first half of the 17th century. The place of a nobleman in society, according to the early modern law is analyzed. It is indicated that on the territory of Europe at that time, and therefore also in Volyn, legislative bodies secured a privileged place for the nobility, protecting their personal freedoms and rights, which had a direct impact on the formation of the values of the noble community. It was emphasized that belonging to the society elite did not guarantee a safe and conflict-free life, which was closely related to noble needs that required constant contact with other members of society. The interpretations of the szlachta conflict in historiography are analyzed. It is stated that the majority of historians see the connection of this phenomenon with the nature of the early modern state, and with the features of the social order. The point of view according to which excessive conflict was a consequence of improper functioning of the executive branch of power, which created a field for social confrontations was highlighted. It has been established that in historical research this aspect is interpreted as characteristic of the culture of that time and such that in the perception of the nobility itself, it looked like regularity in which it knew how to navigate, reacting to each subsequent gesture and new stage of the conflict. The caveats regarding acted materials pointed out by Maria Bogucka and the approaches to work with the historical source, Jerzy Topolski drew attention to, were analyzed. All of the above aspects are considered from the local history angle – the case of the murder of the Volyn nobleman Hryhorii Bylynskyi and the trial of the accused. The behavior and statements of the szlachta during the trial, which took place in September–October 1623 in the Lutsk court, were analyzed. Jan Pelygrymovskyi`s motives in committing the crime are highlighted and analyzed. The involvement and interest in its implementation of a possible customer of a murder – Martyn Bohush, was traced. Possible versions of the murder are highlighted and the course of the trial is shown. Attention is drawn to the facts that despite the presence of two versions of the murder in the sources, this does not simplify the task of interpreting the event itself, and even complicates it, since we often do not have necessary evidence at our disposal. In order to cover all possible aspects of the murder, the importance of patron-client and family relationships was considered. Attention is drawn to specific manifestations of the everyday culture of this time, which shed light on szlachta customs in Volyn in the second half of the 16th – the first half of the 17th centuries.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.30840/2413-7065.4(85).2022.268113
Oleksii Trachuk
Ethnological studies of the Slavic tribes of the Nevrians, Scythians-farmers and Scythians-ploughmen of the 7th–3rd centuries BC in the Middle and Upper Dnieper region on the territory of Ukraine, Belarus and the Russian Federation, which were published in the previous issues of the "Ukrainoznavstvo" journal, approved a new method of socio-cultural anthropology – the method of tribal geography. It was established that in the social life of East Slavic tribes, the main participant was the clan, and not the patriarchal family, family or neighborhood community. Despite the appearance of the works of Bachofen, McLennan, Morgan, Kovalevsky, Kosven and other researchers, Soviet ideas about the patriarchal family as the embryo of society have not yet disappeared in archeology, and the relationship to the community, family and tribe has not yet changed. Archaeologists are still investigating the ethnically undefined bearers of archaeological cultures.But archaeologists know that the tribal system and the placement of ancestral settlements in nests existed on all continents of the planet since the Paleolithic era. Therefore, tribal geography opens up new opportunities for researching the lands inhabited by Slavic tribes - the ancestors of the Ukrainian people, which is of great interest all over the world. Elements of historical geography in the study of the ethnogenesis of the Slavs at the beginning of the 20th century used by V. Khvoika, researching about 500 settlements of different times in Ukraine. L. Niederle developed a map of the resettlement of Slavic tribes from the areas of initial residence, which, according to B. Rybakov's observations, corresponds to the main contours of the territory of the settlement of the Slavs for two millennia. Systematic cartographic studies of the settlements of the Slavic tribes of the Upper Dnieper region were carried out by L. Pobol, a supporter of V. Khvoika's autochthonous theory of the origin of the Slavs. The St. Petersburg school of archaeologists (M. Shchukin, V. Yeremenko, K. Kasparova), which adheres to the migration theory, still opposes the autochthonous theory. Ukrainian researcher S. Pachkova successfully proves the fallacy of the migration theory. We have collected the material of the nest cluster of Zarubyntsi culture settlements in the period of the 3rd century BC – 2nd century AD on modern maps at a scale of 1:850,000 for Belarus and 1:250,000 for Ukraine and the Russian Federation and it confirms the autochthonous theory of the origin of the Slavs and, including, the autochthonousness of the Ukrainian people. These and subsequent similar studies make it possible to reveal the characteristic features of the ethnogenesis of Ukrainian Slavs from the annalistic tribes of Kievan Rus to the Iron, Bronze, and Copper Ages.
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