Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2022.44.2.33
Byung-Kyu Ahn, Tae-Hoon Kim, Hyojeon Kim, Seoktae Kang, Yeo-Myeong Yun
Objectives : Various pre-treatment methods have been applied to waste activated sludge(WAS) to improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion(AD) by enhancing hydrolysis. The objective of this study was to find out the relationship between increased solubilization and AD efficiency in response to the application of different pretreatment methods(Acid+Heat and Alkali+Heat) to WAS.Methods : Acid+Heat(pH 2+130℃) and Alkali+Heat(pH 10+130℃) pretreatment processes were performed by adding HCl and KOH, respectively. A biochemical methane potential(BMP) test was subsequently conducted to determine the AD efficiency of pretreated WAS. Finally, the physicochemical characteristics in the effluent of AD of WAS, done by excitation-emission matrix(EEM) and size exclusion chromatography(SEC), were analyzed to investigate the degree of changed intermediates during microbial degradation of organic compounds.Results : Both Acid+Heat and Alkali+Heat pretreatments resulted in similar solubilization of WAS, reaching 34.1 and 36.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, it was found that the CH4 yield obtained from the Alkali+Heat pretreated sample was lower than the sample of Acid+Heat. The results of EEM analysis showed that the Alkali+Heat pretreated WAS had a higher portion of less biodegradable organic compounds with high- molecular weight in the soluble sample than that of the Alkali+Heat pretreated sample.Conclusion : This study was conducted to clarify the relationship by comparing the hydrolysis rate and AD efficiency according to the application of Acid+Heat and Alkali+Heat pretreatment. It was found that the amount of methane generated could vary depending on the properties of the dissolved substances in response to different pretreatment approaches.
{"title":"Comparison of Relationship between Solubilization and Methane Productivity on Anaerobic Digestion of Pre-treated Waste Activated Sludge","authors":"Byung-Kyu Ahn, Tae-Hoon Kim, Hyojeon Kim, Seoktae Kang, Yeo-Myeong Yun","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2022.44.2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.2.33","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : Various pre-treatment methods have been applied to waste activated sludge(WAS) to improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion(AD) by enhancing hydrolysis. The objective of this study was to find out the relationship between increased solubilization and AD efficiency in response to the application of different pretreatment methods(Acid+Heat and Alkali+Heat) to WAS.Methods : Acid+Heat(pH 2+130℃) and Alkali+Heat(pH 10+130℃) pretreatment processes were performed by adding HCl and KOH, respectively. A biochemical methane potential(BMP) test was subsequently conducted to determine the AD efficiency of pretreated WAS. Finally, the physicochemical characteristics in the effluent of AD of WAS, done by excitation-emission matrix(EEM) and size exclusion chromatography(SEC), were analyzed to investigate the degree of changed intermediates during microbial degradation of organic compounds.Results : Both Acid+Heat and Alkali+Heat pretreatments resulted in similar solubilization of WAS, reaching 34.1 and 36.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, it was found that the CH4 yield obtained from the Alkali+Heat pretreated sample was lower than the sample of Acid+Heat. The results of EEM analysis showed that the Alkali+Heat pretreated WAS had a higher portion of less biodegradable organic compounds with high- molecular weight in the soluble sample than that of the Alkali+Heat pretreated sample.Conclusion : This study was conducted to clarify the relationship by comparing the hydrolysis rate and AD efficiency according to the application of Acid+Heat and Alkali+Heat pretreatment. It was found that the amount of methane generated could vary depending on the properties of the dissolved substances in response to different pretreatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45757515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2022.44.2.41
H. Hwang, J. Seo, JongBeom Khan, Sunkyung Lee, Hyeonsoo Park, Younglan Kim
Objectives : The Environmental Pollution Facility Act was implemented to effectively reduce pollutants that could be generated in the business establishment, centering on emission facilities, from the Media Act, which had been managed in the aspect of follow-up management. Accordingly, the change in the generation of air pollutants after the integrated permit in coal-fired power plants was examined.Methods : Air pollutant emission standards were analyzed for business establishment that use coal, a solid fuel, as fuel among power plants that have completed integrated permits.Results and Discussion : The standards suggested by the Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities have numerically higher values than the existing Clean Air Conservation Act Standards, but there is a limit to evaluating only with simple standards because permit standards are given through emission impact analysis. As a result of a comparison through the emission impact analysis, it was found that 10 plants were given stricter permit standards for sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides by 22% and for dust by 10% at 8 business establishment.Conclusion : The level of pollution on the surrounding location status is evaluated, and permission standards are granted. It was confirmed that the emission impact analysis method under the Act On The Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities can be applied as a more strictly manageable means than the existing standards under the Clean Air Conservation Act.
{"title":"A Study on Changes in Air Pollutant Generation Trends after Integrated Permit in Coal-fired Power Plants","authors":"H. Hwang, J. Seo, JongBeom Khan, Sunkyung Lee, Hyeonsoo Park, Younglan Kim","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2022.44.2.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.2.41","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : The Environmental Pollution Facility Act was implemented to effectively reduce pollutants that could be generated in the business establishment, centering on emission facilities, from the Media Act, which had been managed in the aspect of follow-up management. Accordingly, the change in the generation of air pollutants after the integrated permit in coal-fired power plants was examined.Methods : Air pollutant emission standards were analyzed for business establishment that use coal, a solid fuel, as fuel among power plants that have completed integrated permits.Results and Discussion : The standards suggested by the Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities have numerically higher values than the existing Clean Air Conservation Act Standards, but there is a limit to evaluating only with simple standards because permit standards are given through emission impact analysis. As a result of a comparison through the emission impact analysis, it was found that 10 plants were given stricter permit standards for sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides by 22% and for dust by 10% at 8 business establishment.Conclusion : The level of pollution on the surrounding location status is evaluated, and permission standards are granted. It was confirmed that the emission impact analysis method under the Act On The Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities can be applied as a more strictly manageable means than the existing standards under the Clean Air Conservation Act.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45028197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.1
I. Mehrez, S. Shobana, Georgeio Semaan, Sang‐Hyoun Kim, Gopalakrishnan Kumar
Biomass based bioenergy has many advantages evidently as their available quantity and renewability, when compared to the petro-derived traditional fossil fuels. Thereby, such bioenergy occupies a vital role defensively to the global energy requirement as well as guarantee energy supply. On the other hand, it should be considered that the development of biomass based energy may lead to some serious environmental issues and those are only based on the published data. Such adverse environmental alterations, mainly erosion of soil organic carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, lessening of water quantity and quality, have mainly been based on type of biomass source utilized, location of the land, and management practices. Consequently, more attention should be paid towards environmental protection, while implementing the production of biomass based bioenergy. In this study, various types of biomass, its conversion technology, advantages and disadvantages and its environmental issues of bioenergy production in terms of adverse impact on water, air and soil along with protection measures have been discussed.
{"title":"Biomass Based Bioenergy: Technologies and Impact on Environmental Sustainability","authors":"I. Mehrez, S. Shobana, Georgeio Semaan, Sang‐Hyoun Kim, Gopalakrishnan Kumar","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass based bioenergy has many advantages evidently as their available quantity and renewability, when compared to the petro-derived traditional fossil fuels. Thereby, such bioenergy occupies a vital role defensively to the global energy requirement as well as guarantee energy supply. On the other hand, it should be considered that the development of biomass based energy may lead to some serious environmental issues and those are only based on the published data. Such adverse environmental alterations, mainly erosion of soil organic carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, lessening of water quantity and quality, have mainly been based on type of biomass source utilized, location of the land, and management practices. Consequently, more attention should be paid towards environmental protection, while implementing the production of biomass based bioenergy. In this study, various types of biomass, its conversion technology, advantages and disadvantages and its environmental issues of bioenergy production in terms of adverse impact on water, air and soil along with protection measures have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44172806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.13
Donghwan Lee, Jinwon Kim, Hwijin Seo, Yongtae Ahn
Objectives : This study examined the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on primary sewage sludge (raw sludge) solubilization and its subsequent microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) operation performance.Methods : To compare the effect of ultrasound on raw sludge solubilization, ultrasonic pretreatment was conducted at 1~4 W/mL energy density for 5~30 min. In MECs operation, raw sludge was used as a control group, and ultrasound pretreated sludge was used as an experimental group. For comparing MECs performance, biogas production, and organic matter removal were analyzed.Results and Discussion : The optimal experimental condition for ultrasonic pretreatment were 30 min of sonication time at 3 W/mL. In methane production, MEC with ultrasound pretreatment (MEC 3W) produced 243 mL/L more methane than that of unpretreated MEC (MEC) by 4,970 mL/L at 1, 3 cycles. In the modified Gompertz model analysis, the lag phase of MEC 3W was 0.46 days, which was 0.12 days longer than MEC. The maximum methane production rate of MEC 3W by 938.5 mL/L/day was also higher than MEC. MEC 3W showed a 1.8% higher TS removal rate, 2.4% VS removal rate than MEC. COD removal rate also improved by 2.0% when ultrasound pretreatment was applied. The methane yield of MEC with ultrasound pretreatment (377.4 mL/g VSin.) was 0.4% higher than that of MEC without pretreatment.Conclusion Ultrasonic pretreatment of sewage sludge improved the methane production and organic removal in microbial electrolysis cells. It is necessary to find the optimal operating conditions to obtain the maximize the performance.
{"title":"Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment of Sewage Sludge on the Performance of Bioelectrochemical Anaerobic Digester","authors":"Donghwan Lee, Jinwon Kim, Hwijin Seo, Yongtae Ahn","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : This study examined the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on primary sewage sludge (raw sludge) solubilization and its subsequent microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) operation performance.Methods : To compare the effect of ultrasound on raw sludge solubilization, ultrasonic pretreatment was conducted at 1~4 W/mL energy density for 5~30 min. In MECs operation, raw sludge was used as a control group, and ultrasound pretreated sludge was used as an experimental group. For comparing MECs performance, biogas production, and organic matter removal were analyzed.Results and Discussion : The optimal experimental condition for ultrasonic pretreatment were 30 min of sonication time at 3 W/mL. In methane production, MEC with ultrasound pretreatment (MEC 3W) produced 243 mL/L more methane than that of unpretreated MEC (MEC) by 4,970 mL/L at 1, 3 cycles. In the modified Gompertz model analysis, the lag phase of MEC 3W was 0.46 days, which was 0.12 days longer than MEC. The maximum methane production rate of MEC 3W by 938.5 mL/L/day was also higher than MEC. MEC 3W showed a 1.8% higher TS removal rate, 2.4% VS removal rate than MEC. COD removal rate also improved by 2.0% when ultrasound pretreatment was applied. The methane yield of MEC with ultrasound pretreatment (377.4 mL/g VSin.) was 0.4% higher than that of MEC without pretreatment.Conclusion Ultrasonic pretreatment of sewage sludge improved the methane production and organic removal in microbial electrolysis cells. It is necessary to find the optimal operating conditions to obtain the maximize the performance.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48996719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.21
Sangmin Lee, Seong Min Yeon, Sokhee P. Jung
Objectives : Cement Kiln Dust (CKD), a cement industrial by-product, was used in this study to improve the effectiveness of CO2 removal and increase the production of precipitate calcium carbonate (PCC) in the accelerated mineral carbonation process, differentiating injection flow rate of alkaline agent into the process. Further, CKD, slag, waste cement powder (WC), coal fly ash (CFA) which are mainly used for mineral carbonation, were also compared for their total CO2 removal capability by the year.Methods : The morphology and composition of CKD were analyzed using FE-SEM, EDS and XRD to evaluate its applicability to mineral carbonation, and CKD extract and 1N NaOH were added into the reactor with the flow rate range of 1.1 to 3.0 mL/min for longer reaction time. And DTA was carried out for purity analysis of PCC. Last, for annual CO2 removal potential evaluation, CKD, slag, WC and CFA was compared based on the result from this and previous researches.Results : Result showed that 1N NaOH injection at flow rate of 1.1, 2.0, 3.0 mL/min accelerated the CO2 removal by the 61.7, 77.2, 41.5% and 48.2, 52.2, 54.3 g of PCC was generated respectively. The annual amount of industrial by-product in Korea is 26,664,893 tons/year, 8,000,000 tons/year, 2,531,750 ~ 7,595,250 tons/year and 884,854 tons/year, respectively, in order of Slag, CFA, CKD, waste concrete fine powder (WC). Thus, the annual removal of CO2 could be estimated in order of CKD > Slag > CFA > WC.Conclusion CKD is a fine powder form with a high specific surface area, high calcium content, and high alkalinity. Therefore, CKD is superior to waste concrete or slag in mineral carbonation in removing CO2 and generating PCC. Considering the annual amount of CO2 removal when applying industrial by-products to the CCUS process, CKD and slag are considered the most economical mineral carbonation materials.
{"title":"Evaluation of Accelerated Mineral Carbonation Efficiency Using Industrial By-products and Estimation of Its Domestic Carbon Dioxide Reduction Potential","authors":"Sangmin Lee, Seong Min Yeon, Sokhee P. Jung","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : Cement Kiln Dust (CKD), a cement industrial by-product, was used in this study to improve the effectiveness of CO2 removal and increase the production of precipitate calcium carbonate (PCC) in the accelerated mineral carbonation process, differentiating injection flow rate of alkaline agent into the process. Further, CKD, slag, waste cement powder (WC), coal fly ash (CFA) which are mainly used for mineral carbonation, were also compared for their total CO2 removal capability by the year.Methods : The morphology and composition of CKD were analyzed using FE-SEM, EDS and XRD to evaluate its applicability to mineral carbonation, and CKD extract and 1N NaOH were added into the reactor with the flow rate range of 1.1 to 3.0 mL/min for longer reaction time. And DTA was carried out for purity analysis of PCC. Last, for annual CO2 removal potential evaluation, CKD, slag, WC and CFA was compared based on the result from this and previous researches.Results : Result showed that 1N NaOH injection at flow rate of 1.1, 2.0, 3.0 mL/min accelerated the CO2 removal by the 61.7, 77.2, 41.5% and 48.2, 52.2, 54.3 g of PCC was generated respectively. The annual amount of industrial by-product in Korea is 26,664,893 tons/year, 8,000,000 tons/year, 2,531,750 ~ 7,595,250 tons/year and 884,854 tons/year, respectively, in order of Slag, CFA, CKD, waste concrete fine powder (WC). Thus, the annual removal of CO2 could be estimated in order of CKD > Slag > CFA > WC.Conclusion CKD is a fine powder form with a high specific surface area, high calcium content, and high alkalinity. Therefore, CKD is superior to waste concrete or slag in mineral carbonation in removing CO2 and generating PCC. Considering the annual amount of CO2 removal when applying industrial by-products to the CCUS process, CKD and slag are considered the most economical mineral carbonation materials.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44483992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.731
Bokseong Kim, Sung-Won Kang
Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop an adsorbent to which Prussian blue (PB) is stably immobilized to remove radioactive cesium (Cs).Methods : Prussian blue-Alginate (PA) bead and Prussian blue-Alginate with Layer-by-layer synthesis (PAL) bead were synthesized by immobilizing PB respectively.Results and Discussion : As a results of XRD and FT-IR analysis, PB was successfuuly immobilized in alginate bead and PA, PAL bead. SEM (EDS) and TG analysis data were confirmed that the PB content of the PAL bead to which the LBL synthesis method was applied was improved by 6.31%. It was confirmed that the Cs adsorption capacity was improved through the LBL assembly process. The maximum adsorption amount (qm) of PA bead was 25.783 mg/g, and PAL bead was mg/g. In addition, as a result of UV-vis analysis of washing water after synthesis of PA bead and PAL bead, it was confirmed that the PB desorption of the PAL bead was lower indicating that the stability was also improved by LBL synthesis.Conclusions : We developed an adsorbent which prussianblue immobilized on alginate bead for selective removal cesium in aqueous solution. PB was immobilized by LBL synthesis method qm of PAL beads was 28.294 mg/g. It was expected to applied effectively and stably to radioactive cesium contaminated water.
{"title":"Characteristics of Cesium Adsorption by Alginate Bead Adsorbent with Layer-by-Layer Synthesis of Prussian Blue","authors":"Bokseong Kim, Sung-Won Kang","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.731","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop an adsorbent to which Prussian blue (PB) is stably immobilized to remove radioactive cesium (Cs).Methods : Prussian blue-Alginate (PA) bead and Prussian blue-Alginate with Layer-by-layer synthesis (PAL) bead were synthesized by immobilizing PB respectively.Results and Discussion : As a results of XRD and FT-IR analysis, PB was successfuuly immobilized in alginate bead and PA, PAL bead. SEM (EDS) and TG analysis data were confirmed that the PB content of the PAL bead to which the LBL synthesis method was applied was improved by 6.31%. It was confirmed that the Cs adsorption capacity was improved through the LBL assembly process. The maximum adsorption amount (qm) of PA bead was 25.783 mg/g, and PAL bead was mg/g. In addition, as a result of UV-vis analysis of washing water after synthesis of PA bead and PAL bead, it was confirmed that the PB desorption of the PAL bead was lower indicating that the stability was also improved by LBL synthesis.Conclusions : We developed an adsorbent which prussianblue immobilized on alginate bead for selective removal cesium in aqueous solution. PB was immobilized by LBL synthesis method qm of PAL beads was 28.294 mg/g. It was expected to applied effectively and stably to radioactive cesium contaminated water.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":"119 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41250728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.719
Ji Seul Kim, Jun Ho Kim, Eun Young Lee
Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the applicability of plant growth promoting microorganisms during restoration through re-vegetation of damaged topsoil.Methods : As the vegetation to be applied to the restoration site, Weigela subsessilis, Spiraea prunifolia, Pine densiflora, Pennisetum alopecuroides were selected. An attempt was made to isolate plant growth promoting microorganisms from the root zone of plants of the same species inhabiting domestic park sites and hiking trails. Plant growth promoting activities such as phosphate solubilization ability, siderophore production ability, IAA production ability, and ACC deaminase production ability were examined, and the species to be finally applied was selected and then identified. Among the strains whose plant growth promoting activity was confirmed, Arthrobacter sp. 1B2 and Paraburkholderia terrae 1P2 were applied to the genitalia and pine, respectively, and a pot experiment was conducted to confirm the activity.Results and Discussion : Forty-five strains were isolated from Weigela subsessilis, Spiraea prunifolia, Pine densiflora, Pennisetum alopecuroides and the IAA-producing ability and ACC deaminase-producing ability were confirmed for 16 strains whose phosphate solubilizing ability and siderophore-producing ability were confirmed. After selecting and identifying strains with excellent plant growth promoting ability, strains such as Cupriavidus sp, Arthrobacter sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas sp., Paraburkholderia terrae were obtained. Among them, Arthrobacter sp. 1B2 and Paraburkholderia terrae 1P2 strains were applied to genitalia and pine, respectively, and it was confirmed that plant growth was promoted.Conclusions : Bioassay experiments and field applications using plant growth promoting microorganisms have been mainly studied for herbaceous species (Grandaceae, corn, oats, etc.). However, in this study, the applied plants are shrubs class, which do not significantly grow in length, targeting damaged areas with high subsoil content, which are poor in environment and insufficient in organic and inorganic matter. Therefore, it is meaningful in that the activity of plant growth promoting microorganisms focused on absorption of inorganic substances, such as phosphate solubilization activity and siderophore ability, was investigated and the activity was confirmed by performing a bioassay.
{"title":"Plant Growth Promoting Microorganism Selection and Activity Test for Reforestation of Topsoil Restoration Site","authors":"Ji Seul Kim, Jun Ho Kim, Eun Young Lee","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.719","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the applicability of plant growth promoting microorganisms during restoration through re-vegetation of damaged topsoil.Methods : As the vegetation to be applied to the restoration site, Weigela subsessilis, Spiraea prunifolia, Pine densiflora, Pennisetum alopecuroides were selected. An attempt was made to isolate plant growth promoting microorganisms from the root zone of plants of the same species inhabiting domestic park sites and hiking trails. Plant growth promoting activities such as phosphate solubilization ability, siderophore production ability, IAA production ability, and ACC deaminase production ability were examined, and the species to be finally applied was selected and then identified. Among the strains whose plant growth promoting activity was confirmed, Arthrobacter sp. 1B2 and Paraburkholderia terrae 1P2 were applied to the genitalia and pine, respectively, and a pot experiment was conducted to confirm the activity.Results and Discussion : Forty-five strains were isolated from Weigela subsessilis, Spiraea prunifolia, Pine densiflora, Pennisetum alopecuroides and the IAA-producing ability and ACC deaminase-producing ability were confirmed for 16 strains whose phosphate solubilizing ability and siderophore-producing ability were confirmed. After selecting and identifying strains with excellent plant growth promoting ability, strains such as Cupriavidus sp, Arthrobacter sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas sp., Paraburkholderia terrae were obtained. Among them, Arthrobacter sp. 1B2 and Paraburkholderia terrae 1P2 strains were applied to genitalia and pine, respectively, and it was confirmed that plant growth was promoted.Conclusions : Bioassay experiments and field applications using plant growth promoting microorganisms have been mainly studied for herbaceous species (Grandaceae, corn, oats, etc.). However, in this study, the applied plants are shrubs class, which do not significantly grow in length, targeting damaged areas with high subsoil content, which are poor in environment and insufficient in organic and inorganic matter. Therefore, it is meaningful in that the activity of plant growth promoting microorganisms focused on absorption of inorganic substances, such as phosphate solubilization activity and siderophore ability, was investigated and the activity was confirmed by performing a bioassay.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43587588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.700
B. Kwon, Jea-Jun Ko, Jeong-Hun Park
Objectives : Plastic pollution is a very important environmental issue in Korea as well as abroad. The objective of this study is to evaluate the internal and external factors that cause pollution of the coastal environment of Jeju Island using styrene oligomers (SOs) originated from polystyrene (PS) plastic.Methods : In order to achieve the above objective, this study is conducted to quantitatively measure the concentration of 12 individual SOs chemicals, through gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analyzing seawater and beach sand samples around sandy beaches in Jeju Island. This study evaluates the degree of environmental pollution according to internal or external factors of the sandy beach by using the physicochemical characteristic that SOs species are adsorbed on the surface of sand particles.Results and Discussion : The average concentration of SOs in the beach sand of Jeju Island ranges from a minimum of 9.80 ng/g to a maximum of 13.62 ng/g, and the average concentration of SOs in seawater is relatively low with a constant 0.05 to 0.11 µg/L. Although the concentration distribution of SOs species differs considerably depending on the sample collected, the concentration of SOs decreases in the order of styrene trimers (7 isomers) > styrene dimers (4 isomers) > styrene monomer. As a result of monitoring, the concentration of SOs at the sandy beaches of Jeju Island is much higher in the beach sand than in the seawater. This result means that the major beaches of Jeju Island can be polluted mainly by internal factors (e.g. population density, number of travelers according to population movement, and so on), because SOs species are adsorbed on the surface of the sand particles and their mobility is limited.Conclusions : This study shows that the sandy beaches of Jeju Island are mainly polluted by internal factors. It is thought that the pollution degree of the sandy beaches is the highest in the order of Gwakji Beach < Samyang Beach, Hamdeok Beach, Pyoseon Beach < Ihoteho Beach, Sagye Beach < Seopjikoji Beach, Gimnyeong Beach, and Hyeopjae Beach. This study is expected to contribute to the evaluation of the causes of plastic pollution in the coastal environment of Jeju Island.
{"title":"Qualitative Evaluation of Factors Inducing Environmental Pollution of the Sandy Beaches of Jeju Island Using Styrene Oligomers","authors":"B. Kwon, Jea-Jun Ko, Jeong-Hun Park","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.700","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : Plastic pollution is a very important environmental issue in Korea as well as abroad. The objective of this study is to evaluate the internal and external factors that cause pollution of the coastal environment of Jeju Island using styrene oligomers (SOs) originated from polystyrene (PS) plastic.Methods : In order to achieve the above objective, this study is conducted to quantitatively measure the concentration of 12 individual SOs chemicals, through gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analyzing seawater and beach sand samples around sandy beaches in Jeju Island. This study evaluates the degree of environmental pollution according to internal or external factors of the sandy beach by using the physicochemical characteristic that SOs species are adsorbed on the surface of sand particles.Results and Discussion : The average concentration of SOs in the beach sand of Jeju Island ranges from a minimum of 9.80 ng/g to a maximum of 13.62 ng/g, and the average concentration of SOs in seawater is relatively low with a constant 0.05 to 0.11 µg/L. Although the concentration distribution of SOs species differs considerably depending on the sample collected, the concentration of SOs decreases in the order of styrene trimers (7 isomers) > styrene dimers (4 isomers) > styrene monomer. As a result of monitoring, the concentration of SOs at the sandy beaches of Jeju Island is much higher in the beach sand than in the seawater. This result means that the major beaches of Jeju Island can be polluted mainly by internal factors (e.g. population density, number of travelers according to population movement, and so on), because SOs species are adsorbed on the surface of the sand particles and their mobility is limited.Conclusions : This study shows that the sandy beaches of Jeju Island are mainly polluted by internal factors. It is thought that the pollution degree of the sandy beaches is the highest in the order of Gwakji Beach < Samyang Beach, Hamdeok Beach, Pyoseon Beach < Ihoteho Beach, Sagye Beach < Seopjikoji Beach, Gimnyeong Beach, and Hyeopjae Beach. This study is expected to contribute to the evaluation of the causes of plastic pollution in the coastal environment of Jeju Island.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49263796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.739
Jeong-ki Yoon, Young-Nae Yoon, S. Yun, Wontae Lee
Objectives : This paper summarizes effective waste management and disposal methods for plastic and medical wastes during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.Methods : We reviewed the literatures reporting and identifying the current status and characteristics of wastes related to COVID-19, and the management and treatment guidelines for those wastes. We also investigated various technologies for waste treatment and disposal, and assessed the current status and future direction of the technologies in Korea.Results and Discussion : In the first half of 2020 in Korea, the amount of plastic waste produced had increased by 15.6% year-on-year, and medical waste production also increased significantly from 0.6 ton in January 2020 to 2,928 ton in August 2021. All of the infectious wastes are currently being incinerated in Korea, but there are concerns on air pollutant emissions and insufficient treatment facilities. Municipal solid waste also suffers from a lack of landfill capacity and low price competitiveness in the recycling industry.Conclusions : Policy and system need to be improved to reduce the infectious waste generation from the sources, and treatment and disposal technologies for produced wastes also need to be developed. Furthermore, hospitals and health care facilities should establish their own waste reducing systems which may include chemical treatment and sterilization units.
{"title":"The Current State of Management and Disposal of Wastes Related to COVID-19 : A review","authors":"Jeong-ki Yoon, Young-Nae Yoon, S. Yun, Wontae Lee","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.739","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : This paper summarizes effective waste management and disposal methods for plastic and medical wastes during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.Methods : We reviewed the literatures reporting and identifying the current status and characteristics of wastes related to COVID-19, and the management and treatment guidelines for those wastes. We also investigated various technologies for waste treatment and disposal, and assessed the current status and future direction of the technologies in Korea.Results and Discussion : In the first half of 2020 in Korea, the amount of plastic waste produced had increased by 15.6% year-on-year, and medical waste production also increased significantly from 0.6 ton in January 2020 to 2,928 ton in August 2021. All of the infectious wastes are currently being incinerated in Korea, but there are concerns on air pollutant emissions and insufficient treatment facilities. Municipal solid waste also suffers from a lack of landfill capacity and low price competitiveness in the recycling industry.Conclusions : Policy and system need to be improved to reduce the infectious waste generation from the sources, and treatment and disposal technologies for produced wastes also need to be developed. Furthermore, hospitals and health care facilities should establish their own waste reducing systems which may include chemical treatment and sterilization units.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41929506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.709
Soyoung Baek, Y. Ghaffari, Jiyeol Bae, K. Kim
Objectives : Recently, energy-related research has shifted from developing alternative energy to the efficient management technology of the produced energy. As an alternative, research on phase change materials (PCMs) capable of absorbing and releasing heat as an energy medium has been conducted. This study developed a more efficient heat storage medium using activated carbon as a medium for the phase change material. At the same time, we developed a method for efficiently impregnating the phase change material into the activated carbon pores.Methods : The activated carbon used in this experiment was charcoal powder activated carbon (250-350 mesh) and granular activated carbon. The inorganic phase change materials used in the experiment was manganese nitrate hexahydrate. The method for impregnating the phase change material was pressurization method and dilution method. The heat absorption / emission capacity of the developed material was examined within the range of 10℃ to 50℃.Results and Discussion : The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX) analysis showed that the phase change material was filled in the pore of activated carbon. When the phase change material is filled by the pressurized method, the material properties of manganese nitrate hexahydrate are reflected, resulting in absorption and release of heat at each phase change temperature. As a result of experiments for the selection of the optimum solvent in the phase change material filling study using the dilution method, when ethanol was used as the solvent, the heat absorption was clearly observed even after the phase change material was loaded. As a result of selecting the optimal dilution ratio, the ratio of ethanol was determined to be 1:1 as the dilution ratio with the lowest amount of floating activated carbon. The optimal solvent removal method experimental results show that the heat absorption/release section occurred when the ethanol was removed by evaporation at 85℃ temperature.Conclusions : 1) Both the pressurization method and the dilution method are filling methods in which inorganic phase change materials can be immobilized inside activated carbon, and heat absorption and release characteristics are maintained even after loading. 2) The heat absorption release was maintained for ethanol and the optimal dilution ratio was 1:1. 3) In case of the dilute solvent removal method, the heat absorption/release capacity was maintained when the solvent was removed using only the vaporization method.
{"title":"Development of Inorganic Impregnated Phase Change Material(PCM) in the Pores of Activated Carbon","authors":"Soyoung Baek, Y. Ghaffari, Jiyeol Bae, K. Kim","doi":"10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.709","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives : Recently, energy-related research has shifted from developing alternative energy to the efficient management technology of the produced energy. As an alternative, research on phase change materials (PCMs) capable of absorbing and releasing heat as an energy medium has been conducted. This study developed a more efficient heat storage medium using activated carbon as a medium for the phase change material. At the same time, we developed a method for efficiently impregnating the phase change material into the activated carbon pores.Methods : The activated carbon used in this experiment was charcoal powder activated carbon (250-350 mesh) and granular activated carbon. The inorganic phase change materials used in the experiment was manganese nitrate hexahydrate. The method for impregnating the phase change material was pressurization method and dilution method. The heat absorption / emission capacity of the developed material was examined within the range of 10℃ to 50℃.Results and Discussion : The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDX) analysis showed that the phase change material was filled in the pore of activated carbon. When the phase change material is filled by the pressurized method, the material properties of manganese nitrate hexahydrate are reflected, resulting in absorption and release of heat at each phase change temperature. As a result of experiments for the selection of the optimum solvent in the phase change material filling study using the dilution method, when ethanol was used as the solvent, the heat absorption was clearly observed even after the phase change material was loaded. As a result of selecting the optimal dilution ratio, the ratio of ethanol was determined to be 1:1 as the dilution ratio with the lowest amount of floating activated carbon. The optimal solvent removal method experimental results show that the heat absorption/release section occurred when the ethanol was removed by evaporation at 85℃ temperature.Conclusions : 1) Both the pressurization method and the dilution method are filling methods in which inorganic phase change materials can be immobilized inside activated carbon, and heat absorption and release characteristics are maintained even after loading. 2) The heat absorption release was maintained for ethanol and the optimal dilution ratio was 1:1. 3) In case of the dilute solvent removal method, the heat absorption/release capacity was maintained when the solvent was removed using only the vaporization method.","PeriodicalId":52756,"journal":{"name":"daehanhwangyeonggonghaghoeji","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41862443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：