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Editorial: Body-centric computing for health and wellbeing 社论:以身体为中心的计算促进健康和福祉
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1393102
Zhuying Li, Xipei Ren, Chengyu Liu, Ding Ding, Xinyi Fu
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引用次数: 0
A corpus-based real-time text classification and tagging approach for social data 基于语料库的社交数据实时文本分类和标记方法
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1294985
A. Memon, Dileep Kumar Sootahar, K. K. Luhana, Kyrill Meyer
With the rapid accumulation of large amounts of user-generated content through social media, social data reuse and integration have gained increasing attention recently. This has made it almost obsolete for software applications to collect, store, and work with their own data stored on local servers. While, with the provision of Application Programming Interfaces from the leading social networking sites, data acquisition and integration has become possible, the meaningful usage of such unstructured, non-uniform, and incoherent data collections needs special procedures of data summarization, understanding, and visualization. One particular aspect in this regard that needs special attention is the procedures for data (text snippets in the form of social media posts) categorization and concept tagging to filter out the relevant and most suitable data for the particular audience and for the particular purpose. In this regard, we propose a corpus-based approach for searching and successively categorizing and tagging the social data with relevant concepts in real time. The proposed approach is capable of addressing the semantical and morphological similarities, as well as domain-specific vocabularies of query strings and tagged concepts. We demonstrate the feasibility and application of our proposed approach in a web-based tool that allows searching Facebook posts and provides search results together with a concept map for further navigation, filtering, and refining of search results. The tool has been evaluated by performing multiple search queries, and resultant concept maps and annotated texts are analyzed in terms of their precision. The approach is thereby found effective in achieving its stated goal of classifying text snippets in real time.
随着大量用户通过社交媒体产生的内容迅速积累,社交数据的重用和整合近来日益受到关注。这使得软件应用程序收集、存储和处理自己存储在本地服务器上的数据的方式几乎已经过时。虽然主要社交网站提供了应用编程接口,使数据采集和整合成为可能,但要有效利用这些非结构化、非统一和不连贯的数据集合,还需要特殊的数据汇总、理解和可视化程序。在这方面,需要特别注意的一个方面是数据(社交媒体帖子形式的文本片段)分类和概念标记程序,以筛选出最适合特定受众和特定目的的相关数据。为此,我们提出了一种基于语料库的方法,用于实时搜索、连续分类和标记具有相关概念的社交数据。所提出的方法能够解决查询字符串和标记概念的语义和形态相似性以及特定领域词汇的问题。我们在一个基于网络的工具中演示了所提方法的可行性和应用,该工具允许搜索 Facebook 帖子,并提供搜索结果和概念图,以便进一步导航、过滤和完善搜索结果。通过执行多个搜索查询对该工具进行了评估,并从精确度的角度对搜索结果概念图和注释文本进行了分析。结果发现,该方法能有效地实现实时对文本片段进行分类的既定目标。
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引用次数: 0
From flexibility to adaptive learning: a pre-COVID-19 perspective on distance education in Latin America 从灵活性到适应性学习:COVID-19 前对拉丁美洲远程教育的看法
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1250992
Alan Miralrio, Jessica Muñoz-Villota, Claudia Camacho-Zuñiga
At the time of this writing, emerging Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) technologies, such as ChatGPT, Bard, and DALL-E, are shaping education. Despite their great potential for enhancing education, the discussion on the risks for the Society is an ongoing debate. Remote or distance education (DE) in developed countries has evolved in parallel to the permeation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). In Latin America (LATAM), a deep understanding of this interrelated evolution will encourage an efficient implementation of innovative policies, pedagogies, and technologies, including GenAI. This paper presents the historical development of DE in LATAM, drawing connections with milestones along the evolution of ICT in the region. This evolution is described across five generations: Correspondence, Audiovisual, ICTs-based, Web-based, and Interactive. Each generation offered incremental benefits to students, from flexibility and well-designed instructional materials to adaptive, interactive, and cost-effective education. This research encompassed a comprehensive search on Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Latindex, Dialnet, Redalyc, and SciELO with an historical approach. It yielded 97 peer-reviewed articles, books, and reports from recognized international organizations, published in Spanish or English and covering a period spanning from the end of the 19th century to the onset of COVID-19 lockdown. The analysis confirms the critical role of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in LATAM in supporting ICT integration, demonstrating a synergistic interplay with DE. Notwithstanding, the region’s social inequality and digital divide have delayed the full deployment of DE’s advantages, in comparison to USA and Europe. The paper exposes different scenarios and tech-educational requirements of DE, showcasing Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, as well as other countries with smaller populations. Notably, by 2019, Tecnologico de Monterrey in Mexico, and Universidade de São Paulo and Universidade Federal da Paraíba in Brazil have pioneered the implementation of the Fifth Generation of DE in the region. The findings of this research highlight the value of DE as a cost-effective solution to traditional education, addressing social barriers and broadening educational access in LATAM, especially during emergencies. This research poses significant implications that can equip digital technology providers, HEIs, governments, and policymakers as they navigate the ongoing educational challenges.
在撰写本文时,新兴的生成人工智能(GenAI)技术,如 ChatGPT、Bard 和 DALL-E,正在影响着教育。尽管这些技术在促进教育方面具有巨大潜力,但有关其对社会的风险的讨论仍在进行之中。发达国家的远程教育(DE)与信息和传播技术(ICT)的渗透同步发展。在拉丁美洲(LATAM),对这一相互关联的演变的深刻理解将鼓励有效实施创新政策、教学法和技术,包括 GenAI。本文介绍了拉丁美洲和加勒比地区教育发展的历史沿革,并将其与该地区信息和通信技术发展的里程碑联系起来。这种演变跨越了五代:函授教育、视听教育、基于信息和通信技术的教育、基于网络的教育和互动教育。从灵活性和精心设计的教学材料到适应性、互动性和成本效益教育,每一代都为学生带来了越来越多的好处。本研究采用历史方法对 Scopus、Web of Science、Google Scholar、ScienceDirect、Latindex、Dialnet、Redalyc 和 SciELO 进行了全面搜索。结果发现了 97 篇经同行评审的文章、书籍和来自公认的国际组织的报告,均以西 班牙文或英文发表,时间跨度从 19 世纪末到 COVID-19 封锁开始。分析证实,拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的高等教育机构(HEIs)在支持信息和传播技 术一体化方面发挥着关键作用,显示出与教育的协同作用。尽管如此,与美国和欧洲相比,该地区的社会不平等和数字鸿沟延迟了发展教育优势的充分发挥。本文通过墨西哥、巴西、哥伦比亚以及其他人口较少的国家,阐述了数字化教育的不同应用场景和科技教育要求。值得注意的是,到2019年,墨西哥的蒙特雷技术大学、巴西的圣保罗大学和帕拉伊巴联邦大学已率先在该地区实施了第五代远程教育。这项研究的结果突出表明,在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区,特别是在紧急情况下,作为传统教育的一种具有成本效益的解决方案,数字化教育具有解决社会障碍和扩大受教育机会的价值。这项研究具有重要意义,可以帮助数字技术提供商、高等院校、政府和政策制定者应对当前的教育挑战。
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引用次数: 0
A design space for event-centric displays in public libraries 公共图书馆以活动为中心的展示设计空间
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1250861
Alix Ducros, A. Tabard, Peter Dalsgaard, Raphaëlle Bats, Eva Eriksson
We present a design space for displays in public libraries; more specifically public displays related to events taking place in the library. The design space is developed from the perspective of the librarians and is intended to support libraries in rethinking, developing, and employing displays to communicate and support the events they host. It is based on a study of 18 concepts co-designed in eight participatory workshops scaling participation to a total of 88 professional librarians. By analyzing the concepts through inductive and iterative analysis, we have defined a design space consisting of 12 aspects, categorized in four themes: interaction-, content-, event-, and display-centric. We argue that the design space can both serve as (1) an analytical tool for understanding and categorizing information displays and identifying overarching design considerations and (2) a generative framework to inspire design across a wide variety of libraries.
我们提出了一个公共图书馆展示设计空间,更确切地说,是与图书馆内举办的活动有关的公共展示设计空间。该设计空间从图书馆员的角度出发,旨在支持图书馆重新思考、开发和使用展示手段,以传播和支持其主办的活动。它基于对 8 个参与式研讨会中共同设计的 18 个概念的研究,参与人数共计 88 名专业图书馆员。通过归纳和迭代分析这些概念,我们定义了一个由 12 个方面组成的设计空间,分为四个主题:以交互为中心、以内容为中心、以活动为中心和以展示为中心。我们认为,设计空间既可以作为(1)理解和分类信息显示以及确定总体设计考虑因素的分析工具,也可以作为(2)激发各种图书馆设计灵感的生成框架。
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引用次数: 0
Amplifying weak signals: a method-building approach for inclusive climate resilience strategy making 放大微弱信号:制定包容性气候抗御战略的方法建设途径
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1265342
C. Champlin, Ann Eapen, Rūta Vitkutė, Janne Groot, Claudiu Forgaci
Socio-ecological inclusion and the impacts of climate change on the built environment are two shared concerns central to the design and planning of the just transition in cities. The just transition leans heavily on inclusive convergence processes that are grounded in knowledge integration and transdisciplinary practice. However, there is a paucity of effective methods for the inclusion of so-called weak signals from actors situated at the periphery of these convergence processes. Building on the concept of structured flexibility, we introduce a building-blocks approach as a modular architecture for constructing methods for distributed engagement and knowledge integration beyond conventional small-group settings. By engaging in research through design, the Amplifying Weak Signals approach was prototyped with students in the context of dealing with heatwaves in The Hague and tested with expert users from the region who facilitate resilience strategy-making processes. Out of 900 possible building block combinations, 18 methods were created during prototyping. The resulting heatwave strategies that were drafted based on the collected peripheral knowledge showed the integration of new socio-ecological issues rather than a drastic departure from the baseline resilience strategy of the city. We discuss the research findings and their use in the production of guidelines for the construction of methods to integrate peripheral knowledge in convergence processes. Ongoing work to develop the guidelines in the form of an open-access, interactive repository of knowledge elicitation methods for urban resilience spatial planning will also be described. Recommendations for scaling the approach are provided.
社会生态包容性和气候变化对建筑环境的影响是城市公正转型设计和规划的两个共同关注的核心问题。公正过渡在很大程度上依赖于以知识整合和跨学科实践为基础的包容性融合过程。然而,目前还缺乏有效的方法来纳入处于这些融合过程边缘的参与者发出的所谓微弱信号。在结构灵活性概念的基础上,我们引入了一种积木式方法,作为一种模块化架构,用于构建超越传统小组环境的分布式参与和知识整合方法。通过设计参与研究,"弱信号放大 "方法的原型是在海牙应对热浪的背景下与学生共同设计的,并与该地区促进抗灾战略制定过程的专家用户进行了测试。在 900 种可能的构件组合中,有 18 种方法是在原型设计过程中创造出来的。根据收集到的外围知识起草的热浪战略表明,新的社会生态问题得到了整合,而不是急剧偏离城市的基准抗灾战略。我们讨论了研究成果及其在制定将外围知识纳入融合过程的方法指南中的应用。此外,我们还将介绍目前正在开展的工作,即以开放式、互动式的城市复原力空间规划知识征询方法库的形式开发该指南。此外,还提出了推广该方法的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Augmenting context with power information for green context-awareness in smart environments 用电力信息增强情境,实现智能环境中的绿色情境感知
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1365500
U. Mahmud, Shariq Hussain
The increase in the use of smart devices has led to the realization of the Internet of Everything (IoE). The heart of an IoE environment is a Context-Aware System that facilitates service discovery, delivery, and adaptation based on context classification. The context has been defined in a domain-dependent way, traditionally. The classical models of context have been focused on rich context and lack Cost of Context (CoC) that can be used for decision support. The authors present a philosophy-inspired mathematical model of context that includes confidence in activity classification of context, the actions performed, and the power information. Since a single recurring activity can lead to distinct actions performed at different times, it is better to record the actions. The power information includes the power consumed in the complete context processing and is a quality attribute of the context. Power consumption is a useful metric as CoC and is suitable for power-constrained context awareness. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed work, example contexts are described, and the context model is presented mathematically in this study. The context is aggregated with power information, and actions and confidence on the classification outcome lead to the concept of situational context. The results show that the context gathered through sensor data and deduced through remote services can be made more rich with CoC parameters.
智能设备使用的增加导致了万物互联(IoE)的实现。万物互联环境的核心是情境感知系统,该系统可根据情境分类促进服务发现、交付和适应。传统上,上下文是以依赖于领域的方式定义的。经典的情境模型侧重于丰富的情境,缺乏可用于决策支持的情境成本(CoC)。作者提出了一种受哲学启发的情境数学模型,其中包括情境活动分类中的置信度、所执行的操作和功率信息。由于单个重复性活动可能导致在不同时间执行不同的操作,因此最好记录这些操作。功耗信息包括整个上下文处理过程中消耗的电量,是上下文的质量属性。功耗是一个有用的 CoC 指标,适用于功耗受限的上下文感知。为了证明拟议工作的有效性,本研究描述了示例上下文,并以数学方式展示了上下文模型。将上下文与功率信息、行动和对分类结果的信心进行聚合,就形成了情境上下文的概念。研究结果表明,通过传感器数据收集的情境和通过远程服务推断的情境可以通过 CoC 参数变得更加丰富。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling students' preferences and knowledge for improving educational achievements 模拟学生的喜好和知识,提高教育成就
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1359770
A. Abu-Issa, Hala Butmeh, Iyad Tumar
Student modeling is a fundamental aspect in customized learning environments. It enables unified representation of students' characteristics that supports creating personalized learning experiences. This paper aims to build an effective student model by combining learning preferences with skill levels. A student profile is formulated upon detecting the user's learning styles and learning preferences, as well as their knowledge level and misconceptions. The pieces of information are collected through an interactive online platform, by completing personal and knowledge assessment quizzes. Moreover, a learner can make his/her profile open for other learners as a starting point for supporting collaborative learning. The results showed an improvement of students' educational achievements who used the platform, and the satisfaction level reported by non-neutral users was averaged as a score of 90%. The evaluation of this platform showed promising results regarding its ability in describing students in a comprehensive manner.
学生建模是定制学习环境的一个基本方面。它能够统一地表示学生的特征,从而为创建个性化学习体验提供支持。本文旨在结合学习偏好和技能水平,建立一个有效的学生模型。通过检测用户的学习风格和学习偏好,以及他们的知识水平和错误认知,建立学生档案。这些信息是通过一个互动在线平台,通过完成个人和知识评估测验收集的。此外,学习者还可以向其他学习者开放自己的个人资料,作为支持协作学习的起点。结果显示,使用该平台的学生的学习成绩有所提高,非中立用户的满意度平均达到 90%。对该平台的评估结果表明,它在全面描述学生方面的能力很有前途。
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引用次数: 0
Dataset of suspicious phishing URL detection 可疑网络钓鱼 URL 检测数据集
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1308634
Maruf Ahmed Tamal, Md. Kabirul Islam, Touhid Bhuiyan, Abdus Sattar
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引用次数: 0
OSPS-MicroNet: a distilled knowledge micro-CNN network for detecting rice diseases OSPS-MicroNet:用于检测水稻病害的提炼知识微型 CNN 网络
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1279810
P. Tharani Pavithra, B. Baranidharan
More than half of the world's population relies on rice as their primary food source. In India, it is a dominant cereal crop that plays a significant role in the national economy, contributing to almost 17% of the GDP and engaging 60% of the population. Still, the agricultural sector faces numerous challenges, including diseases that can cause significant losses. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have proven effective in identifying rice diseases based on visual characteristics. However, CNNs require millions of parameters, resulting in high computational complexity, so deploying these models on limited-resource devices can be difficult due to their computational complexity. In this research, a lightweight CNN model named Oryza Sativa Pathosis Spotter (OSPS)-MicroNet is proposed. OSPS-MicroNet is inspired by the teacher-student knowledge distillation mechanism. The experimental results demonstrate that OSPS-MicroNet achieves an accuracy of 92.02% with only 0.7% of the network size of the heavyweight model, RESNET152. This research aims to create a more streamlined and resource-efficient model to detect rice diseases while minimizing demands on computational resources.
世界上一半以上的人口以稻米为主要食物来源。在印度,水稻是主要的谷类作物,在国民经济中发挥着重要作用,占国内生产总值的近 17%,60% 的人口以水稻为生。尽管如此,农业部门仍面临着众多挑战,其中包括可能造成重大损失的疾病。事实证明,卷积神经网络(CNN)可根据视觉特征有效识别水稻病害。然而,卷积神经网络需要数百万个参数,导致计算复杂度很高,因此由于其计算复杂度,在资源有限的设备上部署这些模型可能很困难。本研究提出了一种名为 Oryza Sativa Pathosis Spotter (OSPS)-MicroNet 的轻量级 CNN 模型。OSPS-MicroNet 的灵感来自师生知识提炼机制。实验结果表明,OSPS-MicroNet 的准确率达到 92.02%,而网络规模仅为重量级模型 RESNET152 的 0.7%。这项研究旨在创建一个更精简、更节省资源的水稻病害检测模型,同时最大限度地减少对计算资源的需求。
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引用次数: 0
Measurement practices in user experience (UX) research: a systematic quantitative literature review 用户体验(UX)研究中的测量实践:系统性定量文献综述
IF 2.6 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2024.1368860
S. Perrig, L. Aeschbach, Nicolas Scharowski, Nick von Felten, Klaus Opwis, Florian Brühlmann
User experience (UX) research relies heavily on survey scales to measure users' subjective experiences with technology. However, repeatedly raised concerns regarding the improper use of survey scales in UX research and adjacent fields call for a systematic review of current measurement practices. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature review, screening 153 papers from four years of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems proceedings (ACM CHI 2019 to 2022), of which 60 were eligible empirical studies using survey scales to study users' experiences. We identified 85 different scales and 172 distinct constructs measured. Most scales were used once (70.59%), and most constructs were measured only once (66.28%). The System Usability Scale was the most popular scale, followed by the User Experience Questionnaire, and the NASA Task Load Index. Regarding constructs, usability was the most frequently measured, followed by attractiveness, effort, and presence. Furthermore, results show that papers rarely contained complete rationales for scale selection (20.00%) and seldom provided all scale items used (30.00%). More than a third of all scales were adapted (34.19%), while only one-third of papers reported any scale quality investigation (36.67%). On the basis of our results, we highlight questionable measurement practices in UX research and suggest opportunities to improve scale use for UX-related constructs. Additionally, we provide six recommended steps to promote enhanced rigor in following best practices for scale-based UX research.
用户体验(UX)研究在很大程度上依赖于调查量表来测量用户对技术的主观体验。然而,在用户体验研究及邻近领域中,调查量表的不当使用一再引起人们的关注,这就要求我们对当前的测量实践进行系统的回顾。因此,我们进行了一次系统的文献综述,筛选了 ACM 计算系统中人的因素会议(ACM CHI 2019 至 2022 年)四年论文集中的 153 篇论文,其中 60 篇是使用调查量表研究用户体验的合格实证研究。我们确定了 85 种不同的量表和 172 个不同的测量结构。大多数量表只使用过一次(70.59%),大多数结构只测量过一次(66.28%)。系统可用性量表是最常用的量表,其次是用户体验问卷和 NASA 任务负荷指数。在结构方面,可用性是最常测量的,其次是吸引力、努力程度和存在感。此外,研究结果表明,论文很少包含完整的量表选择理由(20.00%),也很少提供所有使用过的量表项目(30.00%)。超过三分之一的量表是经过改编的(34.19%),而只有三分之一的论文报告了任何量表质量调查(36.67%)。根据我们的研究结果,我们强调了用户体验研究中值得商榷的测量实践,并提出了改进用户体验相关结构的量表使用的机会。此外,我们还提供了六个建议步骤,以促进在遵循基于量表的用户体验研究最佳实践时提高严谨性。
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引用次数: 0
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