Pub Date : 2019-03-25DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.51-55
A. Korobko, O. Nazarko
The article offers a new way of estima-ting the influence of random and methodical errors to the result of measurement for the measurement uncertainty index. The ratio of the difference between theo-retical and experimental data is proposed from the average error of their determination for the quantitative indicator of the influence of methodical error. The ratio of the uncertainty in the measurement of experimental data to the uncertainty in measuring theoretical data for a quantitative measure of the effect of a random error is proposed. These indicators are based on the assumption that the theoretical and experimental data are normally distributed. The theoretical distribution va-ries within the total uncertainty of measurement of type B of the parameter under study. The physical essence of the indicator of the influence of the metho-dical error is the probability with which the results of measuring the average value of the indicator (determined experimentally) are within the li-mits of a possible deviation of the theoretical value of this indicator. Figure — 3. Table 1. References — 14.
{"title":"The Uncertainty of Measurements as a Tool for Evaluating the Adequacy of the Mathematical Measurement Model","authors":"A. Korobko, O. Nazarko","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.51-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.51-55","url":null,"abstract":"The article offers a new way of estima-ting the influence of random and methodical errors to the result of measurement for the measurement uncertainty index. The ratio of the difference between theo-retical and experimental data is proposed from the average error of their determination for the quantitative indicator of the influence of methodical error. The ratio of the uncertainty in the measurement of experimental data to the uncertainty in measuring theoretical data for a quantitative measure of the effect of a random error is proposed. These indicators are based on the assumption that the theoretical and experimental data are normally distributed. The theoretical distribution va-ries within the total uncertainty of measurement of type B of the parameter under study. The physical essence of the indicator of the influence of the metho-dical error is the probability with which the results of measuring the average value of the indicator (determined experimentally) are within the li-mits of a possible deviation of the theoretical value of this indicator. Figure — 3. Table 1. References — 14.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44118084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-25DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.62-65
V. Kozubovskyy
In the traditional analyzers of the total concentration of combustible gases (a mixture of concentrations of combustible gases), the dependence of the signal value for each component of the mixture is determined by from their concentrations. This signal should be enclosed in the range from 0.5% LEL to 50% of the LEL. The calibration of this analyzer is carried out on some gas that lies within the this range. Usually methane or propane is used for this purpose [1,2]. In the article the possibility of controlling the selectivity of the analysis of gas components by the methods of negative filtration [3] of the useful signal in the optical path of the gas analyzer is considered. There are many analytical tasks for which it is necessary to achieve the same sensitivity to the measured gas components. For example, in the analyzer mentioned above, the total concentration of combustible gases in the air. Indeed, different combustible gases can lead to similar effects and it is not possible to determine the concentration of each. The most common are flammable gases such as methane, butane, propane. Of course, it is desirable that the combustion gas alarm has the same sensitivity to these gases and does not respond to interfering, such as CO2.
{"title":"Manage the Selectivity of the Analysis","authors":"V. Kozubovskyy","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.62-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.62-65","url":null,"abstract":"In the traditional analyzers of the total concentration of combustible gases (a mixture of concentrations of combustible gases), the dependence of the signal value for each component of the mixture is determined by from their concentrations. This signal should be enclosed in the range from 0.5% LEL to 50% of the LEL. The calibration of this analyzer is carried out on some gas that lies within the this range. Usually methane or propane is used for this purpose [1,2]. In the article the possibility of controlling the selectivity of the analysis of gas components by the methods of negative filtration [3] of the useful signal in the optical path of the gas analyzer is considered. There are many analytical tasks for which it is necessary to achieve the same sensitivity to the measured gas components. For example, in the analyzer mentioned above, the total concentration of combustible gases in the air. Indeed, different combustible gases can lead to similar effects and it is not possible to determine the concentration of each. The most common are flammable gases such as methane, butane, propane. Of course, it is desirable that the combustion gas alarm has the same sensitivity to these gases and does not respond to interfering, such as CO2.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48761299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-25DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.42-46
G. Baranov, R. Gabruk, I. Gorishna
In this paper, we analyzed the features of obtaining radar information, and also determined the advantages of using short pulses in comparison with pulses of long duration. In the course of the study it was determined that the range is limited by the characteristics of the pulse and the propagation loss. Long pulses can be superimposed and interpreted as a single reflected echo or object. Short pulses improve the radar’s resolution by returning individual echoes, but they require a system with a wider bandwidth.
{"title":"Determination of Radar Features During Simulator Space Sensing with Radio Pulses of Short Duration","authors":"G. Baranov, R. Gabruk, I. Gorishna","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.42-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.42-46","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we analyzed the features of obtaining radar information, and also determined the advantages of using short pulses in comparison with pulses of long duration. In the course of the study it was determined that the range is limited by the characteristics of the pulse and the propagation loss. Long pulses can be superimposed and interpreted as a single reflected echo or object. Short pulses improve the radar’s resolution by returning individual echoes, but they require a system with a wider bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42403741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-25DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.47-50
G. Leonov, V. Koval, A. Demchenko
In the article the sphere of use of tension of ropes and cables in buildings and structures is considered. The methods of measurements are analyzed and examples of devices for measuring tension power cables. The results of calibration of devices on a special stand are given. The information on the scientific and practical seminar devoted to the issues of the influence of an effective system of control of the tension of cables on the parameters of the safety of structures and structures is given.
{"title":"Metrological Support of Measurements Tension Power Cables","authors":"G. Leonov, V. Koval, A. Demchenko","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.47-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.47-50","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the sphere of use of tension of ropes and cables in buildings and structures is considered. \u0000The methods of measurements are analyzed and examples of devices for measuring tension power cables. \u0000The results of calibration of devices on a special stand are given. \u0000The information on the scientific and practical seminar devoted to the issues of the influence of an effective system of control of the tension of cables on the parameters of the safety of structures and structures is given.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44224744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-25DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.56-61
S. Cherepkov, V. Dulya, V. Maliavskyi
Since January 01, 2016, new legislation in the field of metrology came in force in Ukraine. There have been significant changes in the regulation of metrological activity in accordance with the new Law of Ukraine “On Metrology and Metrological Activity”, which is harmonized with European legislation, in the country. Thus, the new Law lacks such forms of metrological control as state acceptance tests and state control tests, as well as state metrological certification of measuring instruments. Instead of these types of metrological control the conformity assessment system of measuring instruments according to established requirements has been implemented. Therefore, this article considers new approaches of the conformity assessment system of measuring instruments according to established requirements and is a logical continuation of an article published in Metrology and Instruments journal (1 (69), 2018), which considered the basics of development and operating the conformity assessment system of measuring instruments. This article considers some issues related to conformity assessment procedures. Criteria for the selection of modules for the conformity assessment procedure and their description are defined. The existing approaches for selection of conformity assessment procedures of measuring instruments and the cooperation of manufacturers (suppliers) of measuring instruments with designated conformity assessment bodies on the market are given. The article offers practical interest for manufacturers of measuring instruments for the legal regulated sphere.
{"title":"Procedures for Assessing the Conformity of Measuring Instruments — Structure, Design Principles and Approaches to Their Choice","authors":"S. Cherepkov, V. Dulya, V. Maliavskyi","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.56-61","url":null,"abstract":"Since January 01, 2016, new legislation in the field of metrology came in force in Ukraine. There have been significant changes in the regulation of metrological activity in accordance with the new Law of Ukraine “On Metrology and Metrological Activity”, which is harmonized with European legislation, in the country. Thus, the new Law lacks such forms of metrological control as state acceptance tests and state control tests, as well as state metrological certification of measuring instruments. Instead of these types of metrological control the conformity assessment system of measuring instruments according to established requirements has been implemented. Therefore, this article considers new approaches of the conformity assessment system of measuring instruments according to established requirements and is a logical continuation of an article published in Metrology and Instruments journal (1 (69), 2018), which considered the basics of development and operating the conformity assessment system of measuring instruments. This article considers some issues related to conformity assessment procedures. Criteria for the selection of modules for the conformity assessment procedure and their description are defined. The existing approaches for selection of conformity assessment procedures of measuring instruments and the cooperation of manufacturers (suppliers) of measuring instruments with designated conformity assessment bodies on the market are given. The article offers practical interest for manufacturers of measuring instruments for the legal regulated sphere.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45271254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-25DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.21-24
V. Pogrebnyak, A. Shevchenko, A. Matvienko
The main stages of geodetic survey of the railway are considered, both in the new construction and in the reconstruction of existing sites. The analysis of the line plan on curves and direct sections of the railways of Ukrainian international transport corridors is given. Calculations are made on the method of recording the accuracy of measurements at high speed and extra-high speed, confi rmed the need to take into account the type of volumes of work, the establishment of rational parameters of the plan in accordance with the specifi ed levels of maximum speed.
{"title":"Accuracy of Location Currency and Processing of Received Data on International Transport Corridors and High-Speed Masters","authors":"V. Pogrebnyak, A. Shevchenko, A. Matvienko","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.21-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.21-24","url":null,"abstract":"The main stages of geodetic survey of the railway are considered, both in the new construction and in the reconstruction of existing sites. The analysis of the line plan on curves and direct sections of the railways of Ukrainian international transport corridors is given. Calculations are made on the method of recording the accuracy of measurements at high speed and extra-high speed, confi rmed the need to take into account the type of volumes of work, the establishment of rational parameters of the plan in accordance with the specifi ed levels of maximum speed.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49458330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-25DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.66-71
I. Hrihorenko, S. Hrihorenko
The paper considers the solution of the scientific and practical task of developing a system for monitoring environmental parameters in an aquarium from creating a structural diagram and an algorithm to working up to developing a basic electrical circuit. The factors affecting the livelihoods of fish in an aquarium are analyzed, and the main ones that need to be controlled are established. The uncertainty of the measurement results of the established basic parameters of the medium, namely temperature and dissolved oxygen, was calculated, which proved the possibility of ensuring high accuracy and reliability of measurement results obtained using the developed control system. The developed control system allows to ensure the relative measurement error not worse than 0.5%. The need to develop a control system is connec-ted with the fact that in order to ensure the normal development of fish and plants in the aquarium, it is necessary to create an environment that is as much as possible natural. This requires timely temperature control, as well as control of the pH and dissolved oxy-gen, which is possible only with the help of an automatic control system. The system allows the sending of SMS commands for switching on/off the heating and aeration of water in the aquarium, receiving reports on the condition of the heater and the aerator (on/off) and the measured environmental parameters. It is possible to program, for example, sending messa-ges with abnormal increase or decrease in temperature or the suspicious rate of its change. In the course of the work the structural and electrical principles of the control system were created, the algorithm of its work was being compiled, the uncertainty of the measurement of the main parameters of the environment in the aquarium was carried out, which proved the possibility of providing high accuracy and reliability of the results of measurements obtained with the help of the developed control system.
{"title":"Development of the System for Control of Environmental Parameters in the Aquarium","authors":"I. Hrihorenko, S. Hrihorenko","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.66-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(1)2019.66-71","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the solution of the scientific and practical task of developing a system for monitoring environmental parameters in an aquarium from creating a structural diagram and an algorithm to working up to developing a basic electrical circuit. The factors affecting the livelihoods of fish in an aquarium are analyzed, and the main ones that need to be controlled are established. The uncertainty of the measurement results of the established basic parameters of the medium, namely temperature and dissolved oxygen, was calculated, which proved the possibility of ensuring high accuracy and reliability of measurement results obtained using the developed control system. The developed control system allows to ensure the relative measurement error not worse than 0.5%. \u0000The need to develop a control system is connec-ted with the fact that in order to ensure the normal development of fish and plants in the aquarium, it is necessary to create an environment that is as much as possible natural. This requires timely temperature control, as well as control of the pH and dissolved oxy-gen, which is possible only with the help of an automatic control system. \u0000The system allows the sending of SMS commands for switching on/off the heating and aeration of water in the aquarium, receiving reports on the condition of the heater and the aerator (on/off) and the measured environmental parameters. It is possible to program, for example, sending messa-ges with abnormal increase or decrease in temperature or the suspicious rate of its change. In the course of the work the structural and electrical principles of the control system were created, the algorithm of its work was being compiled, the uncertainty of the measurement of the main parameters of the environment in the aquarium was carried out, which proved the possibility of providing high accuracy and reliability of the results of measurements obtained with the help of the developed control system.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43662254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.28-35
P. Neyezhmakov, E. Tymofeiev, О. Lyashenko
The wide application of laser systems and the increase in the values of their energy characteristics, which may hazard to the health of staff and other people in the area of direct and reflected laser radiation, necessitates a permanent dosimetric monitoring in these areas. However, the methods of measuring the parameters of laser radiation at a given point in space to determine the degree of radiation safety for the human body, established in the standard DSTU EN 60825-1: 2016, are difficult to implement when using obsolete monitoring equipment. Therefore, the development of an automated method for determining the characteristics of a laser system and the rapid detection and determination of the direction and coordinates of laser radiation is relevant. The proposed method for automated determination of the laser system characteristics differs by applying an additional measurement channel with a photodetector, as in the main channel, and a compensated filter to ensure the difference of the readings in the channels, so that each difference of measured channel values corresponds to the one wavelength value. For the formation of a compensation filter with a constant spectral characteristic in the most demanded wavelength range from 0.4 microns to 1.1 microns are used by known methods of calculation and manufacturing. A combination of optical glass NSNU 13 and SZS-9 with varying thickness as a compensation filter is permitting measure of laser irradiation doze for radiation in this range with an error that does not exceed 15%. It is necessary to perform the tasks of quickly finding and estimating the angular coordinates of the laser sources for monitoring the parameters of laser radiation in the working area. Improving the design of the device for detecting and determining the angular coordinates of laser radiation is made by using an optical system that directs laser radiation to a photodetector of radiation and an information processing unit, in front of which a volume matted screen is installed so that the distance from the middle of the optical system to the nearest point of the screen is greater distance of the optical system. The photodetector matrix installed in the optical system focus is used as a photodetector of laser radiation. The application of spherical screens for direct laser radiation and cones for diffused and diffused reflected radiation is proposed for the effective and rapid determination of radiation corners in the working zone. Dosimeters with automated wavelength monitoring and detection and determination of the angular coordinates of laser radiation will facilitate and reduce the cost of conducting dosimetry monitoring.
激光系统的广泛应用及其能量特性值的增加可能危害直接和反射激光辐射领域的工作人员和其他人的健康，因此需要在这些领域建立永久的剂量学监测环。然而，在使用过时的监测设备时，DSTU EN 60825- 1:20 16标准中建立的测量空间中给定点的激光辐射参数以确定人体辐射安全程度的方法难以实施。因此，开发一种自动化的方法来确定激光系统的特性，并快速检测和确定激光辐射的方向和坐标是相关的。所提出的自动确定激光系统特性的方法是通过在主通道中应用带有光电探测器的附加测量通道和补偿滤波器来确保通道中读数的差异，从而使测量通道值的每个差异对应于一个波长值。为了在0.4微米至1.1微米的最需要波长范围内形成具有恒定光谱特性的补偿滤波器，使用已知的计算和制造方法。采用不同厚度的光学玻璃NSNU 13和sz -9作为补偿滤光片，可以测量该范围内的激光辐射，误差不超过15%。为了实现对工作区域内激光辐射参数的监测，有必要完成快速查找和估计激光源角坐标的任务。改进了激光辐射角坐标检测和确定装置的设计，采用光学系统，将激光辐射引导到光电辐射探测器和信息处理单元，在光电辐射探测器和信息处理单元的前面安装体抠图屏，使光学系统中间到屏幕最近点的距离大于光学系统的距离。安装在光学系统焦点上的光电探测器矩阵被用作激光辐射的光电探测器。为了有效、快速地确定工作区内的辐射角点，提出了应用激光直接辐射球面屏和扩散反射和扩散反射辐射锥的方法。具有自动波长监测和检测和确定激光辐射角坐标的剂量计将促进并降低进行剂量学监测的成本。
{"title":"Automation of Dosimetric Control for Laser Radiation","authors":"P. Neyezhmakov, E. Tymofeiev, О. Lyashenko","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.28-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.28-35","url":null,"abstract":"The wide application of laser systems and the increase in the values of their energy characteristics, which may hazard to the health of staff and other people in the area of direct and reflected laser radiation, necessitates a permanent dosimetric monitoring in these areas. However, the methods of measuring the parameters of laser radiation at a given point in space to determine the degree of radiation safety for the human body, established in the standard DSTU EN 60825-1: 2016, are difficult to implement when using obsolete monitoring equipment. Therefore, the development of an automated method for determining the characteristics of a laser system and the rapid detection and determination of the direction and coordinates of laser radiation is relevant. \u0000The proposed method for automated determination of the laser system characteristics differs by applying an additional measurement channel with a photodetector, as in the main channel, and a compensated filter to ensure the difference of the readings in the channels, so that each difference of measured channel values corresponds to the one wavelength value. For the formation of a compensation filter with a constant spectral characteristic in the most demanded wavelength range from 0.4 microns to 1.1 microns are used by known methods of calculation and manufacturing. A combination of optical glass NSNU 13 and SZS-9 with varying thickness as a compensation filter is permitting measure of laser irradiation doze for radiation in this range with an error that does not exceed 15%. \u0000It is necessary to perform the tasks of quickly finding and estimating the angular coordinates of the laser sources for monitoring the parameters of laser radiation in the working area. Improving the design of the device for detecting and determining the angular coordinates of laser radiation is made by using an optical system that directs laser radiation to a photodetector of radiation and an information processing unit, in front of which a volume matted screen is installed so that the distance from the middle of the optical system to the nearest point of the screen is greater distance of the optical system. The photodetector matrix installed in the optical system focus is used as a photodetector of laser radiation. \u0000The application of spherical screens for direct laser radiation and cones for diffused and diffused reflected radiation is proposed for the effective and rapid determination of radiation corners in the working zone. \u0000Dosimeters with automated wavelength monitoring and detection and determination of the angular coordinates of laser radiation will facilitate and reduce the cost of conducting dosimetry monitoring.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46251941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.21-27
M. Surdu
Peculiarities of the accurate impedance meters calibration are considered. Author show that most important and complicate part of calibration procedure consists in determination of two uncertainty components: additive error and error, caused by nonlinearity of the meter transfer function. Problems of the determination of the additive error are caused by the fact, that there no exist accurate standard of the zero impedance. Author considers the creation of proper zero impedance standard, whose impedance can be arbitrarily close to zero and its impedance remnant can be estimated on the base of its geometrical dimensions. Implementation of such standard is very simple, cheap, and easily carried out. This standard works well on DC. Standard of zero impedance for AC measurement consists of two coaxial T-branches, which are connected through insertion piece. Such standard eliminates influence of the possible mutual inductive connection between current and voltage loops of the proper cables, which connect the “zero impedance standard” and measuring devise. To determine nonlinearity of the transfer function author analyze using of the non accurate resistive or alternative impedance dividers. To use such dividers in whole range of measurements special structures of these dividers where developed. In these structures measurement of the divider standards are provided together with impedance of their terminals. It eliminates influence of the impedance of these terminals on the accuracy of meter calibration or unit transfer. Special complex of two-standards dividers were developed to simplify the accurate calibration of the impedance meters.
{"title":"Some Features of the Calibration Equipment for Measuring the Parameters of Impedance","authors":"M. Surdu","doi":"10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.21-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.21-27","url":null,"abstract":"Peculiarities of the accurate impedance meters calibration are considered. Author show that most important and complicate part of calibration procedure consists in determination of two uncertainty components: additive error and error, caused by nonlinearity of the meter transfer function. \u0000Problems of the determination of the additive error are caused by the fact, that there no exist accurate standard of the zero impedance. Author considers the creation of proper zero impedance standard, whose impedance can be arbitrarily close to zero and its impedance remnant can be estimated on the base of its geometrical dimensions. Implementation of such standard is very simple, cheap, and easily carried out. This standard works well on DC. Standard of zero impedance for AC measurement consists of two coaxial T-branches, which are connected through insertion piece. Such standard eliminates influence of the possible mutual inductive connection between current and voltage loops of the proper cables, which connect the “zero impedance standard” and measuring devise. \u0000To determine nonlinearity of the transfer function author analyze using of the non accurate resistive or alternative impedance dividers. To use such dividers in whole range of measurements special structures of these dividers where developed. In these structures measurement of the divider standards are provided together with impedance of their terminals. It eliminates influence of the impedance of these terminals on the accuracy of meter calibration or unit transfer. Special complex of two-standards dividers were developed to simplify the accurate calibration of the impedance meters.","PeriodicalId":52864,"journal":{"name":"Metrologiia ta priladi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48793965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.36-38
D. Losikhin, O. Oliynyk, O. Chorna, О. Gnatko
The article is devoted to the development of a new method for identifying the distribution laws when evaluating the results of multiple measurements. The identification of the distribution laws is today an urgent metrological task, since the adopted restrictions on the number of measurements and assumptions about the distribution law of random error may introduce additional uncertainty in the assessment of the measurement result. The use of well-known classical approaches to the identification of distribution laws is associated with a number of difficulties associated with the need to use the completeness of the considered set of models and the correct application of the corresponding statistical methods. The main limitation associated with the use of classical approaches to the identification of distribution laws is that they are designed for use in data processing systems based on Gaussian distribution (normal) and, thus, are not universal. The imperfection of mathematical models of processing measurement information leads to the possible erroneous identification of the distribution law. The paper proposes a method for identifying the distribution laws for data outside the Gaussian distribution region. The model is based on the calculation of correlation coefficients for data with different distribution laws. The correlation coefficient is used to estimate the proximity of probability density functions and is calculated for pairs of different probability densities represented by histograms in a multidimensional vector space on an orthonormal basis of unit sampling intervals. Based on the obtained matrix of the values of the correlation coefficients, a classification estimate of the unknown distribution laws is performed based on the experimental data of the simulated samples. A listing of the software implementation of the model in the Python software environment is given.
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