S. Basu, S. Garg, S. Hossain, Divya Gupta, Kushagr Duggal
The present study was conducted among accredited social health activists (ASHAs), female frontline health workers of India, to assess their knowledge of self-care management for diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) and understand their readiness to promote medical adherence. Only 21 (41.2%) participants (n = 51) were aware of all the four major behavioral risk factors, including physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, tobacco smoking, and harmful alcohol use that increased the risk of development and progression of DM and HTN. The ASHAs were positively inclined toward participation in health education activities through home visits but were disinclined to be involved in the home distribution of medications.
{"title":"The readiness of frontline health workers in enhancing diabetes and hypertension self-management education and practice in the community settings in Delhi, India","authors":"S. Basu, S. Garg, S. Hossain, Divya Gupta, Kushagr Duggal","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_83_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_83_20","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted among accredited social health activists (ASHAs), female frontline health workers of India, to assess their knowledge of self-care management for diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) and understand their readiness to promote medical adherence. Only 21 (41.2%) participants (n = 51) were aware of all the four major behavioral risk factors, including physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, tobacco smoking, and harmful alcohol use that increased the risk of development and progression of DM and HTN. The ASHAs were positively inclined toward participation in health education activities through home visits but were disinclined to be involved in the home distribution of medications.","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43300477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: India is witnessing a dramatic rise in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. In this study, quality of life (QOL) of patients with diabetes and its determinants were assessed. Second, the valuation of QOL using different methods of measurement was examined. Methods: A community-based survey comprising 306 adults diagnosed with diabetes was undertaken in an urban slum area of Chandigarh city. Direct methods of QOL assessment such as time trade-off (TTO) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) along with indirect like EuroQol 5-Dimensional 5-Level Instrument (EQ-5D-5L) and the QOL Instrument for Indian Diabetes Patients (QOLID) were used. Multiple linear regression was used to compute coefficients to assess point estimate of QOL using the Indian QOLID tool. Results: Overall, health utility scores for a person with diabetes were 0.68 (with TTO method), 0.60–0.64 (with VAS) analog scale, and EQ-5D-5L method, respectively. Valuation of QOL using direct methods yielded utility values which were significantly higher than indirect methods (EQ-5D-5L). Conclusion: Overall, this study found that diabetes is responsible for physical, psychological, and social role disturbance among the patients. In addition, choice of using direct or indirect methods of utility estimation may have practical implications while calculating incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.
{"title":"Quality of life of diabetes patients in North India: A comparison of different methodologies","authors":"Anuroop Kaur, S. Saini, Gunjeet Kaur, S. Prinja","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_13_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_13_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India is witnessing a dramatic rise in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. In this study, quality of life (QOL) of patients with diabetes and its determinants were assessed. Second, the valuation of QOL using different methods of measurement was examined. Methods: A community-based survey comprising 306 adults diagnosed with diabetes was undertaken in an urban slum area of Chandigarh city. Direct methods of QOL assessment such as time trade-off (TTO) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) along with indirect like EuroQol 5-Dimensional 5-Level Instrument (EQ-5D-5L) and the QOL Instrument for Indian Diabetes Patients (QOLID) were used. Multiple linear regression was used to compute coefficients to assess point estimate of QOL using the Indian QOLID tool. Results: Overall, health utility scores for a person with diabetes were 0.68 (with TTO method), 0.60–0.64 (with VAS) analog scale, and EQ-5D-5L method, respectively. Valuation of QOL using direct methods yielded utility values which were significantly higher than indirect methods (EQ-5D-5L). Conclusion: Overall, this study found that diabetes is responsible for physical, psychological, and social role disturbance among the patients. In addition, choice of using direct or indirect methods of utility estimation may have practical implications while calculating incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43773849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Raina, Katyayani, M. Raizada, R. Sharma, R. Yadav
{"title":"Association between use of low-dose aspirin on hemoglobin levels and serum iron homeostasis in patients with acute coronary syndrome or ischemic stroke","authors":"S. Raina, Katyayani, M. Raizada, R. Sharma, R. Yadav","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_34_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_34_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70807577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Saha, Joydeep Majumder, B. Bagepally, S. Ray, A. Saha, Amit Chakrabarti
Adolescents have become victims of the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to the development of several mental health problems. This protocol is aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of mental health disorders among adolescents (10–19 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic time in low middle-income countries (LMIC) and to find different community-based mental health intervention measures in addressing adolescent mental health disorders during COVID-19 pandemic time in LMIC. Articles will be retrieved from databases such as PubMed, EmBase, Scopus, Cochran Central, and Google Scholar using Medical Subject Headings terms, keywords, and text words for each concept. Preprint search servers (MedRx, Cogprints, IndiaRxiv, medRxiv, SSRN) will also be accessed in addition to hand-searching of retrieved articles by forward and backward searching strategies. Data analysis will be conducted as per guidelines provided in the Handbook of Cochrane Systematic Review. RevMan version 5.4 or suitable software will be used for pooled analysis. This proposal is registered in the PROSPERO register (CRD42021278714). Pooled prevalence will depict the overall burden of these neglected health issues. The proposed study would further suffice in identifying evidence-based intervention measures in community settings among adolescents in the background of an ongoing highly infectious disease pandemic.
{"title":"Burden of mental health disorders and synthesis of community-based mental health intervention measures among adolescents after the onset of COVID-19 pandemic time in low middle-income countries: Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"I. Saha, Joydeep Majumder, B. Bagepally, S. Ray, A. Saha, Amit Chakrabarti","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_75_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_75_21","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescents have become victims of the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to the development of several mental health problems. This protocol is aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of mental health disorders among adolescents (10–19 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic time in low middle-income countries (LMIC) and to find different community-based mental health intervention measures in addressing adolescent mental health disorders during COVID-19 pandemic time in LMIC. Articles will be retrieved from databases such as PubMed, EmBase, Scopus, Cochran Central, and Google Scholar using Medical Subject Headings terms, keywords, and text words for each concept. Preprint search servers (MedRx, Cogprints, IndiaRxiv, medRxiv, SSRN) will also be accessed in addition to hand-searching of retrieved articles by forward and backward searching strategies. Data analysis will be conducted as per guidelines provided in the Handbook of Cochrane Systematic Review. RevMan version 5.4 or suitable software will be used for pooled analysis. This proposal is registered in the PROSPERO register (CRD42021278714). Pooled prevalence will depict the overall burden of these neglected health issues. The proposed study would further suffice in identifying evidence-based intervention measures in community settings among adolescents in the background of an ongoing highly infectious disease pandemic.","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43708746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chythra R Rao, B. Chandrasekaran, N. Ravishankar, E. Rutebemberwa, D. Okello
{"title":"Efficacy of physical activity interventions on glycemic control among indigenous African adults – A systematic review protocol","authors":"Chythra R Rao, B. Chandrasekaran, N. Ravishankar, E. Rutebemberwa, D. Okello","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_37_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_37_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70808269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality in South Asia. Although well-recognized as a major risk factor, dyslipidemia in such populations is not well-reviewed. To review the trends in dyslipidemia, phenotypes, underlying causes, treatment modalities, and management gaps in Sri Lanka. A narrative review was undertaken on published literature on dyslipidemia in Sri Lanka from 2000 to 2020, extracted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and locally published literature. Out of the 33 documents reviewed, only a limited number was available on large-scale population-based studies. High prevalence of metabolic syndrome along with moderately high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high triglycerides, and high ApoB and Lp(a) concentrations was seen. Familial hypercholesterolemia was an understudied area with a need for a national screening program. With dyslipidemia guidelines limited to the management of special disease groups, there is a chasm between guidelines and practice at present in Sri Lanka. Unlike in primary prevention, prescribing high-dose statins in secondary prevention of CVD has been satisfactory. Treatment gaps are identified, with room for improvements in lipid screening and achieving lipid goals. Considering the substantial burden identified, education of physicians, optimizing lipid testing, and aggressive treatment of lipids are key initiatives toward optimizing management of dyslipidemia.
{"title":"Dyslipidaemia in Sri Lanka","authors":"A. Matthias, R. Ekanayake, C. Arambepola","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_14_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_14_22","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality in South Asia. Although well-recognized as a major risk factor, dyslipidemia in such populations is not well-reviewed. To review the trends in dyslipidemia, phenotypes, underlying causes, treatment modalities, and management gaps in Sri Lanka. A narrative review was undertaken on published literature on dyslipidemia in Sri Lanka from 2000 to 2020, extracted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and locally published literature. Out of the 33 documents reviewed, only a limited number was available on large-scale population-based studies. High prevalence of metabolic syndrome along with moderately high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high triglycerides, and high ApoB and Lp(a) concentrations was seen. Familial hypercholesterolemia was an understudied area with a need for a national screening program. With dyslipidemia guidelines limited to the management of special disease groups, there is a chasm between guidelines and practice at present in Sri Lanka. Unlike in primary prevention, prescribing high-dose statins in secondary prevention of CVD has been satisfactory. Treatment gaps are identified, with room for improvements in lipid screening and achieving lipid goals. Considering the substantial burden identified, education of physicians, optimizing lipid testing, and aggressive treatment of lipids are key initiatives toward optimizing management of dyslipidemia.","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45927587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endocrine disruptors: A rising menace","authors":"B. Malhotra, S. Bhadada","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_20_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_20_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47518629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and implementation of health promoting village model among residents of village of Punjab (India): A study protocol","authors":"Damanpreet Kaur, Kavita, Js Thakur, T. Kiran","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_8_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_8_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70807829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mainstreaming of integrated medicine in health-care delivery system to combat chronic noncommunicable diseases","authors":"Js Thakur, R. Paika","doi":"10.4103/jncd.jncd_64_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jncd.jncd_64_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70808146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.4103/2468-8827.330650
Subbu Vasudevan, S. Seetharam, Margaret Dohnalek, Elizabeth Cartwright
In recent years, the various health benefits of Cyanobacteria microalgae – such as Arthrospira platensis, commonly called Spirulina, an edible blue-green algae – have attracted scientific attention including micro-level examinations of its bioactive components. As a whole food and nutritional supplement, it serves as a plant protein source, which has shown positive effects across a wide range of human health concerns, from malnutrition to metabolic syndrome. Spirulina bioactives, such as essential amino acids, phycocyanin, polysaccharides, carotenoids, and chlorophyll, and essential vitamins and trace minerals, are responsible for its holistic actions against oxidative stress and inflammation, and its antiviral, antibacterial, and immune-modulating effects. Various in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments have established Spirulina's mechanism of action and its effect on immunity as a proof of concept. The phenolic compounds and extracellular metabolites released from Spirulina whole food after digestion are postulated to strengthen the epithelial lining with antibacterial effects against pathogenic bacteria, adding to its prebiotic effect on the gut microbiota (like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) due to its fiber content. In this study, the digestibility of Spirulina was assessed by the determination of free amino acids and peptide release during the each phase of digestion in a simulated static digestive model system. The hypothesis bridging poor gut health to low-level inflammation and metabolic syndrome, and the potential to address those issues with nutritional supplementation, such as with Spirulina, could also be beneficial in the long run to reduce comorbid illnesses, such as those associated with the currently prevailing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
{"title":"Spirulina: A daily support to our immune system","authors":"Subbu Vasudevan, S. Seetharam, Margaret Dohnalek, Elizabeth Cartwright","doi":"10.4103/2468-8827.330650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-8827.330650","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the various health benefits of Cyanobacteria microalgae – such as Arthrospira platensis, commonly called Spirulina, an edible blue-green algae – have attracted scientific attention including micro-level examinations of its bioactive components. As a whole food and nutritional supplement, it serves as a plant protein source, which has shown positive effects across a wide range of human health concerns, from malnutrition to metabolic syndrome. Spirulina bioactives, such as essential amino acids, phycocyanin, polysaccharides, carotenoids, and chlorophyll, and essential vitamins and trace minerals, are responsible for its holistic actions against oxidative stress and inflammation, and its antiviral, antibacterial, and immune-modulating effects. Various in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments have established Spirulina's mechanism of action and its effect on immunity as a proof of concept. The phenolic compounds and extracellular metabolites released from Spirulina whole food after digestion are postulated to strengthen the epithelial lining with antibacterial effects against pathogenic bacteria, adding to its prebiotic effect on the gut microbiota (like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) due to its fiber content. In this study, the digestibility of Spirulina was assessed by the determination of free amino acids and peptide release during the each phase of digestion in a simulated static digestive model system. The hypothesis bridging poor gut health to low-level inflammation and metabolic syndrome, and the potential to address those issues with nutritional supplementation, such as with Spirulina, could also be beneficial in the long run to reduce comorbid illnesses, such as those associated with the currently prevailing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":52935,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Noncommunicable Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42155955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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