Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.253
V. Jinescu
"Until now synergistic effect is considered only the case when the final effect of the simultaneous action of several loads is greater than the sum of the partial effects. But the sum refers only to linear behavior of matters. In the general case of nonlinear matter behavior the paper shows that the synergistic effect may be positive (the total effect is greater the sum of the individual effects), negative (the total effect is less the sum of the individual effects) or zero (the total effect is equal the sum of the individual effects). The synergistic effect depends on the matter behavior. Some general examples and practical examples allowed a generalization of the problem of synergistic effect."
{"title":"Synergy and matter behavior, a new approach","authors":"V. Jinescu","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.253","url":null,"abstract":"\"Until now synergistic effect is considered only the case when the final effect of the simultaneous action of several loads is greater than the sum of the partial effects. But the sum refers only to linear behavior of matters. In the general case of nonlinear matter behavior the paper shows that the synergistic effect may be positive (the total effect is greater the sum of the individual effects), negative (the total effect is less the sum of the individual effects) or zero (the total effect is equal the sum of the individual effects). The synergistic effect depends on the matter behavior. Some general examples and practical examples allowed a generalization of the problem of synergistic effect.\"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45355565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.143
G. Ojoc, Larisa Titire Chiper, L. Deleanu
"This paper presents an analysis of an isothermal model for an impact simulation in order to use the results for virtually optimizing the thickness of the panel for the same threat. The target has a stratified structure; the connection between layers is ""bonded"", with ""breakable"" detachment when there is exceeded a value for tensile stress and shear stress, introduced with the value of 90 MPa for tensile loading and 60 MPa for shear stress, these being characteristic values for the resin used for attaching the layers in the actual panel. Using Explicit Dynamics Ansys, it is possible to distinguish the stages of the impact process and how they depend on panel thickness. All bodies involved in impact are deformable, the bullet materials having a Johnson-Cook model and the layer being characterized. Even if the layer material model was simplified to a hardening isotropic bilinear model with data from the literature, the results were validated by the number of layers destroyed for the partially penetrated panels and by the size of the delamination on the back of the last layer. This simulation is useful for reducing the number of initial tests for evaluating the ballistic resistance."
{"title":"Failure simulation of stratified panel under ballistic impact","authors":"G. Ojoc, Larisa Titire Chiper, L. Deleanu","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.143","url":null,"abstract":"\"This paper presents an analysis of an isothermal model for an impact simulation in order to use the results for virtually optimizing the thickness of the panel for the same threat. The target has a stratified structure; the connection between layers is \"\"bonded\"\", with \"\"breakable\"\" detachment when there is exceeded a value for tensile stress and shear stress, introduced with the value of 90 MPa for tensile loading and 60 MPa for shear stress, these being characteristic values for the resin used for attaching the layers in the actual panel. Using Explicit Dynamics Ansys, it is possible to distinguish the stages of the impact process and how they depend on panel thickness. All bodies involved in impact are deformable, the bullet materials having a Johnson-Cook model and the layer being characterized. Even if the layer material model was simplified to a hardening isotropic bilinear model with data from the literature, the results were validated by the number of layers destroyed for the partially penetrated panels and by the size of the delamination on the back of the last layer. This simulation is useful for reducing the number of initial tests for evaluating the ballistic resistance.\"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48153532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.231
Waseem Mohammad, Ahmad Mumtaz, Parveen Aasiya
"India is one of the prominent manufacturers in the automobile industry with 30 Million of vehicles production rate. Most of vehicles manufactured in India utilize internal combustion power drive methodology. Additionally, pollutions, global warming, conventional fuels exhaustion and loss of building materials are the major concerns associated with IC engine technology. Electric drive technology has the potential to mitigate these issues. Three-wheeled (3-W) battery powered rickshaws/vehicles are primarily employed for public conveyance in the metropolitan cities of India. The motor (propulsion) is a vital component of 3-W battery powered rickshaw. But, selection of appropriate propulsion system for 3-W rickshaw is crucial step. In the present study, an exertion has been prepared to assess the correct propulsion system for 3-W battery powered vehicle in Indian contest. "
{"title":"A technological assessment of electrical motors for e-rickshaws","authors":"Waseem Mohammad, Ahmad Mumtaz, Parveen Aasiya","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.231","url":null,"abstract":"\"India is one of the prominent manufacturers in the automobile industry with 30 Million of vehicles production rate. Most of vehicles manufactured in India utilize internal combustion power drive methodology. Additionally, pollutions, global warming, conventional fuels exhaustion and loss of building materials are the major concerns associated with IC engine technology. Electric drive technology has the potential to mitigate these issues. Three-wheeled (3-W) battery powered rickshaws/vehicles are primarily employed for public conveyance in the metropolitan cities of India. The motor (propulsion) is a vital component of 3-W battery powered rickshaw. But, selection of appropriate propulsion system for 3-W rickshaw is crucial step. In the present study, an exertion has been prepared to assess the correct propulsion system for 3-W battery powered vehicle in Indian contest. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42641250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.159
D. Silaghi-Perju, E. Lovasz, D. Perju
Usually, the size optimization by the cam mechanisms is reduced to the cam size only, which is not completely correct because the cam is only one of the two important entities working together. The cam follower optimization is taken into account, but only as distinct part of the cam mechanism. Total size regarded as a minimization criterion is an important problem in cam mechanism synthesis. The paper shows a total size minimization of the cam mechanism, where both parts are equally considered. The mathematical generalization is developed for cam mechanisms with translating roller-follower and flatface follower.
{"title":"Total size minimization of cam mechanisms with translating follower","authors":"D. Silaghi-Perju, E. Lovasz, D. Perju","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.159","url":null,"abstract":"Usually, the size optimization by the cam mechanisms is reduced to the cam size only, which is not completely correct because the cam is only one of the two important entities working together. The cam follower optimization is taken into account, but only as distinct part of the cam mechanism. Total size regarded as a minimization criterion is an important problem in cam mechanism synthesis. The paper shows a total size minimization of the cam mechanism, where both parts are equally considered. The mathematical generalization is developed for cam mechanisms with translating roller-follower and flatface follower.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47597391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.203
M. Eremia, I. Damian, L. Toma, Mihai Sănduleac
{"title":"Overview of offshore wind turbines: foundations, connections to grid and perspective in the Romanian coastal environment","authors":"M. Eremia, I. Damian, L. Toma, Mihai Sănduleac","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47694180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.241
D. G. Zisopol, A. Dumitrescu, M. Minescu, A. Diniță
"Traditionally, in Romania, steel pipes and fittings are used within the natural gas supply installations. However, in many European Union countries, other types of materials are also used: copper made pipes and fittings, respectively multiple-layers pipes of PEXAL type. The present paper describes the results of the research work performed by the authors aiming at aligning the Romanian standards to the European ones, in order to make possible the use of these materials within the natural gas installations in Romania, besides steel and polyethylene. Such work had as main result the development and certification of a set of testing procedures (described in this paper) required for the quality assessment of the assembly technologies (with press fit or hard soldered joints) of copper pipes and fittings, including the design and construction of the equipment needed in order to perform these tests (presented in a separate paper [1])."
{"title":"New materials intended for use within natural gas installations and quality testing procedures","authors":"D. G. Zisopol, A. Dumitrescu, M. Minescu, A. Diniță","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.241","url":null,"abstract":"\"Traditionally, in Romania, steel pipes and fittings are used within the natural gas supply installations. However, in many European Union countries, other types of materials are also used: copper made pipes and fittings, respectively multiple-layers pipes of PEXAL type. The present paper describes the results of the research work performed by the authors aiming at aligning the Romanian standards to the European ones, in order to make possible the use of these materials within the natural gas installations in Romania, besides steel and polyethylene. Such work had as main result the development and certification of a set of testing procedures (described in this paper) required for the quality assessment of the assembly technologies (with press fit or hard soldered joints) of copper pipes and fittings, including the design and construction of the equipment needed in order to perform these tests (presented in a separate paper [1]).\"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46818394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.175
G. Bozga
Glycerol, the by-product of the Biodiesel manufacturing from vegetal and animal fats, is an important bio-resource, which can be transformed into a significant number of valuable products, by catalytic, enzymatic, or biological technologies. This paper presents a review of published studies on the kinetics of the main catalytic transformations of glycerol into valuable products, along with information regarding the catalytic reactors experienced or proposed for these transformations. In the kinetic description of the glycerol catalytic transformations, the most used are the rate expressions based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) theory and the empirical ones, of the power law type. The published results are evidencing that, in addition to the general technical and economic advantages, the liquid phase continuous processes of glycerol transformation are more efficient, ensuring, in many cases, a higher selectivity of the transformation and a slower deactivation of the catalyst.
{"title":"Catalytic conversion of glycerol. A review of process kinetics and catalytic reactors","authors":"G. Bozga","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.2.175","url":null,"abstract":"Glycerol, the by-product of the Biodiesel manufacturing from vegetal and animal fats, is an important bio-resource, which can be transformed into a significant number of valuable products, by catalytic, enzymatic, or biological technologies. This paper presents a review of published studies on the kinetics of the main catalytic transformations of glycerol into valuable products, along with information regarding the catalytic reactors experienced or proposed for these transformations. In the kinetic description of the glycerol catalytic transformations, the most used are the rate expressions based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) theory and the empirical ones, of the power law type. The published results are evidencing that, in addition to the general technical and economic advantages, the liquid phase continuous processes of glycerol transformation are more efficient, ensuring, in many cases, a higher selectivity of the transformation and a slower deactivation of the catalyst.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46204015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-05DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.29
G. Alecu, Wilhelm Kappel
The circular economy generates major environmental benefits, which result from the use of energy and renewable materials or from reuse and recycling. Being a complex mixture of materials and components, from an economic point of view, the separate collection and recycling of electronic and electric wastes can be cost-effective for products because they contain many hazardous substances, rare or precious metals. This paper presents some aspects regarding the waste with high content of precious or nonferrous metals contained in the electronic/electrical components. Their presence in electronic/electrical waste makes it necessary to recycle and treat them in an ecological way, generating a true industrial symbiosis. In the paper this fact is exemplified by the presentation of a reconditioning-recovery technology that allows the full recovery of all components of some types of electrical contacts widely used in economics. Disposable or defective electrical contact waste was used, as well as technological waste resulting from the manufacture of electrical contact pieces.
{"title":"PRECIOUS METALS RECOVERED BY URBAN MINING","authors":"G. Alecu, Wilhelm Kappel","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.29","url":null,"abstract":"The circular economy generates major environmental benefits, which result from the use of energy and renewable materials or from reuse and recycling. Being a complex mixture of materials and components, from an economic point of view, the separate collection and recycling of electronic and electric wastes can be cost-effective for products because they contain many hazardous substances, rare or precious metals. This paper presents some aspects regarding the waste with high content of precious or nonferrous metals contained in the electronic/electrical components. Their presence in electronic/electrical waste makes it necessary to recycle and treat them in an ecological way, generating a true industrial symbiosis. In the paper this fact is exemplified by the presentation of a reconditioning-recovery technology that allows the full recovery of all components of some types of electrical contacts widely used in economics. Disposable or defective electrical contact waste was used, as well as technological waste resulting from the manufacture of electrical contact pieces.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42382672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-05DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.1
M. Radeṣ
In this paper, part of the data collected during the modal survey of a turbofan case is used to assess the performance of a new mode indicator function able to locate the double radial modes. The new L-values Mode Indicator Function (LMIF) is based on the pivoted QLP decomposition of the measured Frequency Response Function matrices at discrete frequencies. For freely supported cyclic structures, the radial modes rotate with the largest amplitude at the input point. This allows testing with only one excitation point.
{"title":"Modal testing of a turbofan case using the LMIF","authors":"M. Radeṣ","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, part of the data collected during the modal survey of a turbofan case is used to assess the performance of a new mode indicator function able to locate the double radial modes. The new L-values Mode Indicator Function (LMIF) is based on the pivoted QLP decomposition of the measured Frequency Response Function matrices at discrete frequencies. For freely supported cyclic structures, the radial modes rotate with the largest amplitude at the input point. This allows testing with only one excitation point.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46489500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-05DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.59
I. Ilca
This paper analyses the deforming aspects of the metallic materials in the asymmetric longitudinal rolling process, often encountered in the industrial practice when the process is asymmetrical, firstly because of the inequalities between the cylinders’ work diameters, which complicated the entire picture of the tension state in the deforming area. To include all the asymmetric rolling processes from the industrial practice, the author creates and achieves a unique equipment that allows the simultaneous research of the force parameters, needed for the technological calculus. From these parameters, in the practical situations the attention is aimed in this paper at the distribution of the rolling moments on the work cylinders, based on the measuring of the deformations at the universal coupling bars. The irregular allocation of the moments, leads to overcharge and to the breaking of the bars, especially in the case of asymmetric longitudinal rolling.
{"title":"Theory and practice of asymmetrical longitudinal rolling (Part 2)","authors":"I. Ilca","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.1.59","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the deforming aspects of the metallic materials in the asymmetric longitudinal rolling process, often encountered in the industrial practice when the process is asymmetrical, firstly because of the inequalities between the cylinders’ work diameters, which complicated the entire picture of the tension state in the deforming area. To include all the asymmetric rolling processes from the industrial practice, the author creates and achieves a unique equipment that allows the simultaneous research of the force parameters, needed for the technological calculus. From these parameters, in the practical situations the attention is aimed in this paper at the distribution of the rolling moments on the work cylinders, based on the measuring of the deformations at the universal coupling bars. The irregular allocation of the moments, leads to overcharge and to the breaking of the bars, especially in the case of asymmetric longitudinal rolling.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44938692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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