Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.7
Cristian Purece, A. Adam, I. Chera-Anghel, V. Panaitescu
"Low head hydro power plants are generally plants equipped with Kaplan or bulb turbines.They can process a discharge of the order of tens of m3 /s (Fughiu HPP, Zăneşti HPP, Golesti HPP) or hundreds of m3/s (Ipoteşti HPP, Robeşti HPP) and have a gross head generally between 10 ... 30 m. In order to make a good determination of the efficiency of a hydro unit that equips a low head hydro power plants, it is necessary to perform performance tests periodically by measuring the actual operating parameters of the hydro unit in situ. Among the parameters of a hydro power or hydro-unit, the parameter whose measurement poses the most difficult problems is the turbine discharge. Determining the turbine discharge requires a complex measurement methodology. The present paper aims to present and analyze the main methods of determining the discharge that can be used in the case of low head small hydro power plants. "
“低水头水力发电厂通常配备卡普兰或灯泡涡轮机。它们可以处理数十立方米/秒的排放(Fughiu HPP, z HPP, Golesti HPP)或数百立方米/秒(ipote HPP, robe HPP)，总扬程一般在10…30米。为了更好地确定低水头水电站的水力发电机组的效率，有必要定期在现场测量水力发电机组的实际运行参数，进行性能试验。在水力发电机组的参数中，水轮机流量是测量难度最大的参数。确定涡轮流量需要复杂的测量方法。本文旨在介绍和分析小水电厂低水头情况下确定流量的主要方法。
{"title":"Analysis of the main methods used in determining the discharge at low head small hydro power plants","authors":"Cristian Purece, A. Adam, I. Chera-Anghel, V. Panaitescu","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"\"Low head hydro power plants are generally plants equipped with Kaplan or bulb turbines.They can process a discharge of the order of tens of m3 /s (Fughiu HPP, Zăneşti HPP, Golesti HPP) or hundreds of m3/s (Ipoteşti HPP, Robeşti HPP) and have a gross head generally between 10 ... 30 m. In order to make a good determination of the efficiency of a hydro unit that equips a low head hydro power plants, it is necessary to perform performance tests periodically by measuring the actual operating parameters of the hydro unit in situ. Among the parameters of a hydro power or hydro-unit, the parameter whose measurement poses the most difficult problems is the turbine discharge. Determining the turbine discharge requires a complex measurement methodology. The present paper aims to present and analyze the main methods of determining the discharge that can be used in the case of low head small hydro power plants. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42540945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.4
I. Ilca
"In the national and international literature of the rolling theory, it is usually resented the plastic distortion between cylinders with equal diameter, meaning the symmetrical rolling, although this process represents only an abstract opposed to the normal conditions, because there exists a difference between the working diameters of the cylinders, and sometimes right after construction the rolling mill is equipped with cylinders of different diameters. It is worth mentioning that for a series of aspects like: the distribution of the unitary pressure on the contact surfaces, the reduction between the cylinders, the bending of the bar exiting from among the cylinders and many others, there are contradictory opinions which are explained through the difficulties that the experimental study of these phenomena imposes, but also because of the different factors which influence or modify the volumetric pressure scheme of the metal material at rolling. For the research of these difficult phenomena the author of the paper conceives an original appliance which allows experiments in order to reach conclusions for the rolling theory among equal diameter cylinders, but also for the industrial practice."
{"title":"Theory and practice of asymmetrical longitudinal rolling","authors":"I. Ilca","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"\"In the national and international literature of the rolling theory, it is usually resented the plastic distortion between cylinders with equal diameter, meaning the symmetrical rolling, although this process represents only an abstract opposed to the normal conditions, because there exists a difference between the working diameters of the cylinders, and sometimes right after construction the rolling mill is equipped with cylinders of different diameters. It is worth mentioning that for a series of aspects like: the distribution of the unitary pressure on the contact surfaces, the reduction between the cylinders, the bending of the bar exiting from among the cylinders and many others, there are contradictory opinions which are explained through the difficulties that the experimental study of these phenomena imposes, but also because of the different factors which influence or modify the volumetric pressure scheme of the metal material at rolling. For the research of these difficult phenomena the author of the paper conceives an original appliance which allows experiments in order to reach conclusions for the rolling theory among equal diameter cylinders, but also for the industrial practice.\"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41504991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.5
Cristina Obreja, Laura-Dorina Dinu, C. Mateescu, C. Banciu, G. Maria
Environmental pollution by anthropogenic activities has become a global concern as the release of organic and inorganic pollutants into the atmosphere is responsible for important health problems among the population. The rare-earth metals processing sector has raised particular problems due to the bioaccumulation potential of these metals in the food chain. Urban trees are able to retain pollutants from the environment and can be used as bioindicators also for the rare-earth metal pollution. This paper aimed to assess the bioaccumulation of some rare-earth metals, besides other metals and non-metals, in the foliar part of six urban tree species (Populus nigra L., Populus tremula L., Populus x canadensis Moench, Betula pendula Roth, Aesculus hippocastanum L. and Fraxinus excelsior L.) sampled from different areas of the municipality of Bucharest. Laboratory experiments have shown that all tree species used in the study are able to retain rare-earth metals, but the bioaccumulation capacity is species-specific.
{"title":"Assessment of environmental pollution with rare-earth metals through bioaccumulation studies using vegetal bioindicators","authors":"Cristina Obreja, Laura-Dorina Dinu, C. Mateescu, C. Banciu, G. Maria","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution by anthropogenic activities has become a global concern as the release of organic and inorganic pollutants into the atmosphere is responsible for important health problems among the population. The rare-earth metals processing sector has raised particular problems due to the bioaccumulation potential of these metals in the food chain. Urban trees are able to retain pollutants from the environment and can be used as bioindicators also for the rare-earth metal pollution. This paper aimed to assess the bioaccumulation of some rare-earth metals, besides other metals and non-metals, in the foliar part of six urban tree species (Populus nigra L., Populus tremula L., Populus x canadensis Moench, Betula pendula Roth, Aesculus hippocastanum L. and Fraxinus excelsior L.) sampled from different areas of the municipality of Bucharest. Laboratory experiments have shown that all tree species used in the study are able to retain rare-earth metals, but the bioaccumulation capacity is species-specific.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47603731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.3
Georgeta Roman, D. Apostol
This paper highlighted the shortcomings of the current international normative on the calculation of flanges joints with gasket situated inside the circle of bolts holes. The current codes do not take into account, when calculating the flanged joints of the vessels, the bending stress that occurs as a result of the movement of the plates of the joint subjected to internal pressure. The bending of the bolts influences the deformation of the sealing gasket and – namely – the sealing of the flange joint. The knowledge of the bolts bending stresses allows to increase the time between two revisions/repairs and – namely – the useful life of the sealing gasket. The experimental data, obtained with the help of a strain gage bridge and by the Digital Image Correlation method on the designed experimental installation, highlighted the bending of the flange bolts, both for pressurization and depressurization. The experiments were performed at an internal pressure of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 MPa.
{"title":"Influence of bolts bending on the strength of flanges joints of pressure vessels","authors":"Georgeta Roman, D. Apostol","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlighted the shortcomings of the current international normative on the calculation of flanges joints with gasket situated inside the circle of bolts holes. The current codes do not take into account, when calculating the flanged joints of the vessels, the bending stress that occurs as a result of the movement of the plates of the joint subjected to internal pressure. The bending of the bolts influences the deformation of the sealing gasket and – namely – the sealing of the flange joint. The knowledge of the bolts bending stresses allows to increase the time between two revisions/repairs and – namely – the useful life of the sealing gasket. The experimental data, obtained with the help of a strain gage bridge and by the Digital Image Correlation method on the designed experimental installation, highlighted the bending of the flange bolts, both for pressurization and depressurization. The experiments were performed at an internal pressure of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 MPa.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46312036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.2
V. Jinescu
The paper develops in the case of mixed-mode fracture: criteria of nonpropagation crack and fracture criteria, for mechanical structures, taking into account the deterioration, namely general relations for the superposition of loadings corresponding to the three fracture modes. It refers to the concepts of stress intensity factor, crack tip opening displacement and J-integral; new fracture criteria taking into account the deterioration, the rate of loading and the scattering of the material characteristics were established. The relations obtained have been compared and verified against experimental data and empirical relations reported in literature. The numerical example allows one to comprehend the practical use of the established relations.
{"title":"Non-propogation crack criteria and fracture criteria in the case of mixed-mode fracture, taking into account the deterioration","authors":"V. Jinescu","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The paper develops in the case of mixed-mode fracture: criteria of nonpropagation crack and fracture criteria, for mechanical structures, taking into account the deterioration, namely general relations for the superposition of loadings corresponding to the three fracture modes. It refers to the concepts of stress intensity factor, crack tip opening displacement and J-integral; new fracture criteria taking into account the deterioration, the rate of loading and the scattering of the material characteristics were established. The relations obtained have been compared and verified against experimental data and empirical relations reported in literature. The numerical example allows one to comprehend the practical use of the established relations.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42314876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.6
A. Ozunu, A. Radovici, Alexandru Mereuță, I. Piștea, Zoltan Torok
"The complexity of the urban environment causes a continuous change in the different variables of vulnerability: social, economic and environmental protection, energy, health, water, traffic, climate and security- in connection with sustainable development. Multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment for urban areas, in the context of territorial planning policies, is a priority for increasing the resilience of local communities. Vulnerability, as a factor in risk analysis, can influence the likelihood of negative consequences for man, the environment, and infrastructure. A detailed analysis of the vulnerability indicators in the area of industrial hazard sources can improve the correctness of the decisions in the territorial planning process. The paper presents the analysis of the influence of vulnerability, through the presented factors, in the technological risk assessment of major industrial accidents involving hazardous substances. "
{"title":"Technological risk mitigation for the resilient cities","authors":"A. Ozunu, A. Radovici, Alexandru Mereuță, I. Piștea, Zoltan Torok","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"\"The complexity of the urban environment causes a continuous change in the different variables of vulnerability: social, economic and environmental protection, energy, health, water, traffic, climate and security- in connection with sustainable development. Multi-hazard and multi-risk assessment for urban areas, in the context of territorial planning policies, is a priority for increasing the resilience of local communities. Vulnerability, as a factor in risk analysis, can influence the likelihood of negative consequences for man, the environment, and infrastructure. A detailed analysis of the vulnerability indicators in the area of industrial hazard sources can improve the correctness of the decisions in the territorial planning process. The paper presents the analysis of the influence of vulnerability, through the presented factors, in the technological risk assessment of major industrial accidents involving hazardous substances. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49355278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.1
M. Minescu, A. Diniță, Ibahim Naim Ramadan, D. G. Zisopol
The experimental programs carried out on the stands for the research of mechanical stress behaviour typically target the following objectives: to determine the behaviour of the pipes at internal pressure and / or other mechanical stresses (which may secondary occur as accidental loads during exploitation), to establish the processes and factors of in-service degradation and to determine the load carrying capacity of pipes and other components of pipelines systems with defects of different types and configurations. For this paper an experimental stand was designed and developed for the purpose of determining the behaviour of the pipes with different types of imperfections / defects. The experimental results were verified and validated using the finite element method.
{"title":"Experimental stand for internal pressure testing of pipes","authors":"M. Minescu, A. Diniță, Ibahim Naim Ramadan, D. G. Zisopol","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental programs carried out on the stands for the research of mechanical stress behaviour typically target the following objectives: to determine the behaviour of the pipes at internal pressure and / or other mechanical stresses (which may secondary occur as accidental loads during exploitation), to establish the processes and factors of in-service degradation and to determine the load carrying capacity of pipes and other components of pipelines systems with defects of different types and configurations. For this paper an experimental stand was designed and developed for the purpose of determining the behaviour of the pipes with different types of imperfections / defects. The experimental results were verified and validated using the finite element method.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42329695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.1
V. Năstăsescu, N. Iliescu, S. Marzavan
"This paper is dedicated to the presentation of some qualities of a meshfree method – Element-Free Galerkin Method (EFGM) – which is few known and fewer used in Romania. In spite of a large using of the Finite Element Method (FEM), new numerical methods appeared, among these the Element-Free Galerkin Method (EFGM) is one. This method belongs to the meshfree methods, which is based on an approximation method named mooving least square method (MLSM). This paper presents in a synthetically way the base principle of EFGM. Some results of our researching work are also presented, which demonstrate some basic advantages of the EFGM. A simple problem of structure analysis is presented but the results are obtained by three methods: theoretical, FEM and EFGM. The results are a pleading and a model for using the EFGM. The answer of the title question is going to be given by any user of the EFGM. "
{"title":"Element-Free Galerkin Method and Finite Element Method. Which is better?","authors":"V. Năstăsescu, N. Iliescu, S. Marzavan","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"\"This paper is dedicated to the presentation of some qualities of a meshfree method – Element-Free Galerkin Method (EFGM) – which is few known and fewer used in Romania. In spite of a large using of the Finite Element Method (FEM), new numerical methods appeared, among these the Element-Free Galerkin Method (EFGM) is one. This method belongs to the meshfree methods, which is based on an approximation method named mooving least square method (MLSM). This paper presents in a synthetically way the base principle of EFGM. Some results of our researching work are also presented, which demonstrate some basic advantages of the EFGM. A simple problem of structure analysis is presented but the results are obtained by three methods: theoretical, FEM and EFGM. The results are a pleading and a model for using the EFGM. The answer of the title question is going to be given by any user of the EFGM. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45104289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.4
D. Lucan, Ș. Valeca, G. Jinescu
"Plant Life Management (PLIM) is now usually taken to mean those many activities which are to do with the normal operational management of a nuclear power plant to maintain its 'good condition' and to enable operators or Owner(s) to meet the plant's intended amortisation period, operational life or design operational life. That is, it is to do with existing planned Plant Operational or Service Life assurance and not necessarily to do ith meeting an additional period or extended operation time in excess of that intended at the design or evaluation stage, which is usually known as Plant Life Extension (PLEX). The paper presents considerations regarding the ageing management of the NPP’s key components, Plant Life Management (PLIM), refurbishment as activity strictly necessary for Plant Life Extension, and the Romanian refurbishment program as part of PLIM from Cernavoda CANDU NPP. "
{"title":"Plant Life Extension programs - useful resources for preservation and amplification of Nuclear Power Plants efficiency","authors":"D. Lucan, Ș. Valeca, G. Jinescu","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"\"Plant Life Management (PLIM) is now usually taken to mean those many activities which are to do with the normal operational management of a nuclear power plant to maintain its 'good condition' and to enable operators or Owner(s) to meet the plant's intended amortisation period, operational life or design operational life. That is, it is to do with existing planned Plant Operational or Service Life assurance and not necessarily to do ith meeting an additional period or extended operation time in excess of that intended at the design or evaluation stage, which is usually known as Plant Life Extension (PLEX). The paper presents considerations regarding the ageing management of the NPP’s key components, Plant Life Management (PLIM), refurbishment as activity strictly necessary for Plant Life Extension, and the Romanian refurbishment program as part of PLIM from Cernavoda CANDU NPP. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47805806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.3
Mohamed Halafawi, N.O. AbdulRahman, L. Avram
"The aim of this paper is to develop the cathodic protection system (CPS) for the internal and external face of a 2500 cubic meters (m3) crude oil storage tank in order to prevent its body from corrosion and keep its integrity. External cathodic protection is done by 99.98 % Zinc (Zn) galvanic anodes while internal cathodic protection is achieved by 6.5 % Aluminum-Zinc (Al-Zn) galvanic anodes. A case study of an oil tank from the Romanian refinary field is taken to do the CPS. The total number of anodes required to protect the oil tank externally and internally are 20 and 123 anodes respectively. A sensitivity analysis study was done utilizing ANODEFLEX 1500 software in order to investigate the effect of changing the depth of anode place under the tank bottom. It was found that the deeper anode depth is, the longer anode spacing is along the total area of tank bottom. "
{"title":"External and internal cathodic protection of storage oil tanks","authors":"Mohamed Halafawi, N.O. AbdulRahman, L. Avram","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2020.5.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"\"The aim of this paper is to develop the cathodic protection system (CPS) for the internal and external face of a 2500 cubic meters (m3) crude oil storage tank in order to prevent its body from corrosion and keep its integrity. External cathodic protection is done by 99.98 % Zinc (Zn) galvanic anodes while internal cathodic protection is achieved by 6.5 % Aluminum-Zinc (Al-Zn) galvanic anodes. A case study of an oil tank from the Romanian refinary field is taken to do the CPS. The total number of anodes required to protect the oil tank externally and internally are 20 and 123 anodes respectively. A sensitivity analysis study was done utilizing ANODEFLEX 1500 software in order to investigate the effect of changing the depth of anode place under the tank bottom. It was found that the deeper anode depth is, the longer anode spacing is along the total area of tank bottom. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43046453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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