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The Covid-19, Policy And Capital Market: Empirical Evidence From Indonesia 新冠肺炎、政策和资本市场:来自印度尼西亚的经验证据
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.16855
Sri Retnoningsih, Ahmad Maulin Naufa
This paper aims to examine the impact of Covid-19 on the Indonesian capital market. Second, we test whether any policy from regulators could mitigate its effects. By using daily time-series data from January to July, we propose the simplest regression model (ordinary least squares) to test its effect. We also conducted some robustness with various sectors and splitting samples to make sure that our findings are robust and consistent. We find that Covid-19 (proxied by new cases, cumulative cases, new deaths, and cumulative deaths) has a negative effect on stock price in all indexes, i.e., composite, Islamic, and all sectors (the worst in the financial sector). In other words, a higher number of Covid-19 leads to a lower stock price in Indonesia. Second, the regulations from the government (the President, Financial Service Authority, Central Bank of Indonesia, and Indonesian Stock Exchange) could reduce its negative impact. It means that the negative effect of Covid-10 on the Indonesian stock market is becoming lower after including policies from all regulators. Hence, measuring Covid-19’s drawbacks on the capital market by relevant policies in Indonesia. It is also quite pivotal to explore which one policy either effective or ineffective to mitigate Covid-19.
本文旨在研究新冠肺炎对印尼资本市场的影响。其次,我们测试监管机构的任何政策是否能减轻其影响。通过使用1月至7月的每日时间序列数据,我们提出了最简单的回归模型(普通最小二乘法)来检验其效果。我们还对各个部门进行了一些稳健性分析,并对样本进行了拆分,以确保我们的发现是稳健和一致的。我们发现,新冠肺炎(以新增病例、累计病例、新增死亡病例和累计死亡病例为代表)对所有指数的股价都有负面影响,即综合指数、伊斯兰指数和所有行业(金融行业最差)。换言之,新冠肺炎人数增加导致印度尼西亚股价下跌。其次,政府(总统、金融服务管理局、印尼中央银行和印尼证券交易所)的规定可以减少其负面影响。这意味着,在纳入所有监管机构的政策后,新冠肺炎对印度尼西亚股市的负面影响正在降低。因此,通过印度尼西亚的相关政策来衡量新冠肺炎在资本市场上的弊端。探索哪一项政策对缓解新冠肺炎有效或无效也是非常关键的。
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引用次数: 2
Can Retaliation Moderate The Influence Of Personal Cost, Professional Commitment And Ethical Environment On Pns Interest In Whistleblowing? 报复能否缓和个人成本、职业承诺和道德环境对告密者举报兴趣的影响?
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.16902
Maulidia Dewi Azhari, Sarwendah Biduri, Sigit Hermawan
This study aims to determine whether the retaliation variable can moderate the personal cost, professional commitment, and ethical environment variables in the interest of the Civil Service Inspectorate of Sidoarjo Regency in whistleblowing. This study uses primary data while samples are taken by random sampling by distributing questionnaires through google form to get 45 respondents. This study indicates that the variables of professional commitment and ethical environment have a significant effect on interest in whistleblowing. Still, personal costs are stated to have no effect. The retaliation variable can moderate the influence of the personal cost and ethical environment variables on interest in whistleblowing. So it can be concluded that there is quasi-moderation, which means that the variable that moderates the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable and at the same time becomes the independent variable. The results of this study are stated to be very useful for the Sidoarjo Regency Inspectorate; besides that, this research provides input so that the Sidoarjo Regency Inspectorate improves the whistleblowing system flow for internal employees themselves.
本研究旨在探讨报复变量是否能调节个人成本、职业承诺和道德环境变量对西多阿霍县公务员检举局举报行为的影响。本研究采用原始数据,抽样采用随机抽样,通过谷歌表格发放问卷,共得到45名受访者。本研究发现,职业承诺和道德环境变量对举报兴趣有显著影响。不过,个人成本据称没有影响。报复变量可以调节个人成本和伦理环境变量对举报兴趣的影响。因此,可以得出准适度的结论,即调节自变量与因变量之间关系的变量同时成为自变量。这项研究的结果被认为对Sidoarjo摄政监察局非常有用;此外,本研究为Sidoarjo Regency Inspectorate改善内部员工自身的举报制度流程提供了投入。
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引用次数: 2
Is Corporate Social Responsibility Able to Mediate Increased Tax Avoidance? 企业社会责任是否能够促进避税行为的增加?
Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.16470
Kiryanto, Alfiana Rohmatika, Farikha Amilahaq
This study aims to determine the effect of the variable profitability, company growth and institutional ownership structure on tax avoidance through corporate social responsibility. The sample used in this research is financial reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) 2016-2019, while the method in this study uses purposive sampling with a total of 32 samples of manufacturing companies. The analysis technique used is WarpPLS version 5.0. The results indicate that profitability and company growth have a positive and significant effect on corporate social responsibility, but institutional ownership structure has a negative insignificant effect on corporate social responsibility. Profitability has negative and significant impact toward tax avoidance, while company growth and institutional ownership structure has no significant impact toward tax avoidance. As for corporate social responsibility has negative and significant impact toward tax avoidance, and it could be intervening variable between company growth and tax avoidance.  The research has implications for policy makers in this case the government that CSR is able to reduce tax avoidance. Therefore, the government always encourages companies to carry out CSR in order to reduce tax avoidance in the hope that tax revenues can increase.
本研究旨在确定可变盈利能力、公司增长和机构所有权结构对企业社会责任避税的影响。本研究中使用的样本是2016年至2019年在印度尼西亚证券交易所上市的制造业公司的财务报告,而本研究中的方法使用了有目的的抽样,共有32个制造业公司样本。所使用的分析技术是WarpPLS版本5.0。研究结果表明,盈利能力和公司成长性对企业社会责任有正向显著影响,但制度所有制结构对企业社会义务的影响不显著。盈利能力对避税有负面和显著影响,而公司增长和机构所有权结构对避税没有显著影响。就企业社会责任而言,它对避税具有负面和显著的影响,可能是企业成长和避税之间的中介变量。这项研究对政策制定者有启示——在这种情况下,政府认为企业社会责任能够减少避税行为。因此,政府总是鼓励企业开展企业社会责任,以减少避税行为,希望税收能够增加。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of E-Commerce Adoption Factors by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise, and Its Effect on Operating Revenue 中小微企业采用电子商务的因素及其对营业收入的影响分析
Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.16667
Arline Prameswari Effendi, Bambang Subroto
This research aims to examine the effect of organizational readiness, external pressure, and perceived benefits on micro, small, and medium enterprises’ e-commerce adoption, and to examine the effect of e-commerce adoption by MSMEs on operating revenue. The sample of this study is MSME owners and managers in Malang city. Data were collected by survey method using convenience sampling technique. The relationship between variables in this study were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS application. The results of this study indicate that external pressure and perceived benefits influence MSMEs’ e-commerce adoption, while organizational readiness does not influence MSMEs’ e-commerce adoption. In addition, e-commerce adoption increases MSME’s operating revenue.
本研究旨在检验组织准备、外部压力和感知利益对中小微企业采用电子商务的影响,并检验中小微企业使用电子商务对营业收入的影响。本研究的样本是马朗市中小微企业的所有者和管理者。数据采集采用方便抽样技术,采用调查法。使用偏最小二乘法(PLS)和SmartPLS应用程序分析了本研究中变量之间的关系。本研究结果表明,外部压力和感知利益影响中小微企业的电子商务采用,而组织准备度不影响中小微微企业的电商采用。此外,电子商务的采用增加了中小微企业的营业收入。
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引用次数: 4
Does Environment Uncertainty Affect Earnings Management? 环境不确定性是否影响盈余管理?
Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.17558
Gloria Putri Naftali Surbakti, E. Sudaryati
This research is aimed to examine the effect of environment uncertainty towards earnings management. This study is a quantitative study with sample all of manufacturing companies that are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) from period 2013 -2018 and publish the financial statement consecutively during period 2013-2018. The sample is selected by using purposive sampling techniques with total of 455 companies. This study uses secondary data that derived from the financial statements of manufacturing companies during that period. By using regression analysis and SPSS in processing research data, the study finds that environment uncertainty has positive impact to financial distress. It indicates when companies are facing an environment uncertainty, it will impact to their performance especially financial performance which leads to the financial distress condition. Companies in higher financial distress condition are more likely to manage their earnings by using earnings management which are measured by discretionary accruals. This research is useful for investor as one of consideration before making financial decision especially when companies are in uncertain environment.
本研究旨在考察环境不确定性对盈余管理的影响。本研究是一项定量研究,对2013年至2018年在印度尼西亚证券交易所(IDX)上市并在2013年至18年期间连续发布财务报表的所有制造业公司进行了抽样调查。样本采用有针对性的抽样技术,共有455家公司参与。这项研究使用了来自制造业公司在此期间财务报表的二次数据。运用回归分析和SPSS统计软件对研究数据进行处理,发现环境不确定性对财务困境有正向影响。它表明,当企业面临环境的不确定性时,它会影响企业的业绩,尤其是财务业绩,从而导致财务困境。财务困境更严重的公司更有可能通过使用按可自由支配应计项目衡量的盈余管理来管理其盈余。本研究有助于投资者在做出财务决策之前,特别是当公司处于不确定的环境中时,将其作为考虑因素之一。
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引用次数: 4
Firm Value: Does Corporate Governance and Research & Development Investment Matter? 公司价值:公司治理和研发投资重要吗?
Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.16786
Cut Sri Murinda, Islah Islahuddin, A. Nuraini
This study aims to examine the factors that affect firm value. This research uses purposive sampling method. The sample of the research is 45 financial companies (128 year-firm observations) listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2017-2019. Multiple regression analysis with unbalanced panel data was applied to analyze the data. A corporate governance index published by Globe and Mail with 4 sub-indices is adopted, namely board composition, shareholding and compensation policies, shareholder rights and disclosure. The results of this study indicate that good corporate governance and research & development investment have no effect on firm value. This explains that the implementation of good corporate governance and firm investment in research & development are not the main information for investors in making investments. However, intellectual capital and enterprise risk management disclosure have effect on firm value. The results can be used as a reference for researchers, especially in the accounting sector related to the development of measuring instruments for good corporate governance.
本研究旨在探讨影响企业价值的因素。本研究采用目的性抽样方法。该研究的样本是2017-2019年期间在印度尼西亚证券交易所上市的45家金融公司(128年的公司观察)。采用非平衡面板数据进行多元回归分析。本文采用《环球邮报》发布的公司治理指数,分为董事会构成、股权与薪酬政策、股东权利和信息披露四个子指标。研究结果表明,良好的公司治理和研发投入对企业价值没有影响。这解释了良好公司治理的实施和公司在研发方面的投资并不是投资者进行投资的主要信息。然而,智力资本和企业风险管理披露对企业价值有影响。研究结果可以作为研究人员的参考,特别是在与良好公司治理的测量工具的发展相关的会计部门。
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引用次数: 3
The Optimization Of Employee Stock Option Plan In Achieving Financial Performance 实现财务业绩的员工股票期权计划优化
Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.17273
N. Asyik
This study aimed to examine the effects of Intellectual Capital proxied by Human Capital (HC), Structural Capital (SC), and Customer Capital (CC) on the company's financial performance. It also investigated stock-based compensation's impact through employees' stock options programs and Intellectual Capital on the company's economic performance. The research samples were 36 companies that implemented the Employee Stock Option Plans as a compensation scheme during the 2016-2019 period. There were 144 observations. The partial test used multiple regression, while the moderating variable test applied residual analysis by examining the effect of deviation from a model. As a result, this study indicated that Human Capital partially influenced its financial performance. Stock-based compensation impacts the effect of Human Capital on financial performance. The shares ownership of employees with competencies, knowledge, skills, and behavior will support organizational structures' optimization in achieving work performance. Human capital is the source of innovation and knowledge that can solve a company’s problems. The implication of this research is that information about intellectual capital (Human Capital, Structural Capital, and Employee Capital) is needed by the company to determine the effectiveness of implementing the employee stock option plan in achieving better wealth in the future.
本研究旨在检验以人力资本(HC)、结构资本(SC)和客户资本(CC)为代表的智力资本对公司财务绩效的影响。它还通过员工的股票期权计划和智力资本调查了股票薪酬对公司经济业绩的影响。研究样本是2016-2019年期间实施员工股票期权计划作为薪酬计划的36家公司。共有144次观察。偏检验使用多元回归,而调节变量检验通过检验偏离模型的影响来应用残差分析。因此,本研究表明,人力资本在一定程度上影响了其财务绩效。股票薪酬影响人力资本对财务绩效的影响。员工对能力、知识、技能和行为的共同所有权将支持组织结构在实现工作绩效方面的优化。人力资本是能够解决公司问题的创新和知识的来源。本研究的含义是,公司需要有关智力资本(人力资本、结构资本和员工资本)的信息,以确定实施员工股票期权计划在未来实现更好财富方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Exchange Rates Towards Stock Return Mediated With Inflation Rates and Interest Rates 通货膨胀率和利率介导的汇率对股票回报的影响
Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.16320
M. Jihadi, Ilfi Hadiatus Safitri, Dewi Brahmawati
This study aims to determine the effect of exchange rate towards stock return mediated with variable inflation rates and interest rates. The study population is a company listed on the Index LQ45 period January 2015 – December 2019. This is quantitative study using purposive sampling technique and obtained sample a number of 28 companies with monthly period start from January 2015 until December 2019. The data source in this study are secondary data. The data analysis technique used is path analysis accompanied by a T test (partial) and Sobel test (mediation). Partial test results show that exchange rates and interest rates have a negative and significant effect on stock return, while inflation rates has a positive and insignificant effect on stock return. Sobel test results show that exchange rates has insignificant effect on stock return through variable inflation rates with no mediation, while exchange rates has significant effect on stock return through variable interest rates with partial mediation. The implication of this research is expected to be an addition to the parties concerned with this research problem.
本研究旨在确定汇率对可变通货膨胀率和利率介导的股票回报的影响。研究人群是一家在2015年1月至2019年12月期间列入LQ45指数的公司。这是一项使用目的性抽样技术的定量研究,从2015年1月到2019年12月,每月对28家公司进行抽样。本研究的数据来源为二次数据。所使用的数据分析技术是伴随T测试(部分)和Sobel测试(中介)的路径分析。部分检验结果表明,汇率和利率对股票收益率有显著的负向影响,而通货膨胀率对股票收益有显著的正向影响。Sobel检验结果表明,汇率通过无中介的可变通货膨胀率对股票收益率的影响不显著,而汇率通过部分中介的可变利率对股票回报率的影响显著。这项研究的意义预计将是对这一研究问题相关方的补充。
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引用次数: 1
The Effect Of Information Technology And Perceived Risk In Anticipating Tax Evasion 信息技术与感知风险对预测偷税漏税的影响
Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.22219/JRAK.V11I2.14871
Adelheid Gracelia Fiero Paoki, Jesica Delya Yusha, Steven Emanuel Kale, Yenni Mangoting
This study aimed to determine tax evasion dynamics under the risk perception of using tax information technology. The study also investigated perceived risk as a moderating variable in the relation between information technology (IT) and tax evasion. One hundred questionnaires were collected from individual taxpayers and analysed using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The result showed that IT could reduce tax evasion. The moderating test result also discovered that taxpayers' risk perception could increase IT usage to reduce tax evasion. These results highlighted that society's acceptance of information technology is more of an effort to do taxation duties that would help them avoid tax inspection and penalty. Risk is believed to be attached to IT, and so eases review and detection of tax fraud, consideration by the taxpayer when tax evasion. That signifies tax authorities' success in modernizing tax administration to minimize tax evasion while increasing tax service quality by optimizing information technology usage. Therefore, these findings serve as a reference for the tax authorities to enact reforms in sustainable information technology to simplify tax administration, improve taxpayers' services and law enforcement.
本研究旨在确定在使用税务信息技术的风险感知下的逃税动态。该研究还调查了感知风险作为信息技术与逃税之间关系的调节变量。从个人纳税人那里收集了100份问卷,并使用偏最小二乘法(PLS)进行了分析。结果表明,信息技术可以减少逃税行为。调节测试结果还发现,纳税人的风险感知可以增加信息技术的使用,以减少逃税行为。这些结果强调,社会对信息技术的接受更多的是为了履行税收义务,帮助他们避免税务检查和处罚。风险被认为与信息技术有关,因此可以简化对税务欺诈的审查和检测,纳税人在逃税时会考虑这一点。这标志着税务机关成功地实现了税务管理现代化,最大限度地减少了逃税行为,同时通过优化信息技术的使用来提高税务服务质量。因此,这些发现可为税务机关制定可持续信息技术改革以简化税务管理、改善纳税人服务和执法提供参考。
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引用次数: 2
Intellectual Capital Disclosure And Comprehensive Intellectual Capital Management : Evidence From Universities In Southeast Asia 智力资本披露与综合智力资本管理:来自东南亚大学的证据
Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.22219/jrak.v11i1.14287
S. Hermawan, Duwi Rahayu, J. Jamaludin, Ruci Arizanda Rahayu, Sarwendah Biduri
The purpose of this study was to identify the practice patterns of disclosure of Intellectual Capital Disclosure by Universities in the Three Southeast Asian Countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore based on the 4ICU ranking, conducting different tests of ICD practices at the University of the three countries, and providing recommendations on IC management strategies in university. This research is a type of mixed research (quantitative and qualitative). The other research results state that there are no differences in the ICD disclosure pattern between Universities in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. Recommendations for IC management strategies in higher education can be done with comprehensive intellectual capital management (CICM). The research implication is that universities in Southeast Asia need to carry out IC disclosure because it is a form of management accountability to stakeholders and also for decision making related to universities.
本研究旨在以4ICU排名为基础,识别印尼、马来西亚和新加坡这三个东南亚国家的大学在知识资本披露方面的实践模式,对三国大学的知识资本披露实践进行不同的测试,并对大学的知识资本披露管理策略提出建议。本研究是一种混合研究(定量和定性)。另一项研究结果表明,印度尼西亚、马来西亚和新加坡的大学在ICD披露模式上没有差异。综合智力资本管理可以为高等教育智力资本管理策略提供建议。研究表明,东南亚的大学需要进行IC披露,因为它是对利益相关者的一种管理问责形式,也是与大学相关的决策。
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引用次数: 1
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Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan
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