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Pandemic induced uncertainties, challenges and threats to developing countries: A case study of Pakistan 大流行病给发展中国家带来的不确定性、挑战和威胁:以巴基斯坦为例
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(126-136)
Mazhar Farid Chishti, Ambreen Afzal, M. Afzal
The aim of this investigation is about the economic effects of Coronavirus, broadly branded as COVID-19. Since its initiation in China, it has cast-iron a large number of lives of human while living millions in isolate in view of viral diseases. Where it brings significant human affliction, it additionally makes worldwide economic interruptions around the world. It obstructs development and smooth activity of businesses of all kinds which badly hamper the balance of trade, exports, imports; public spending, remittances, capital formation process and financial markets all are in the dangers of COVID-19. The whole world goes through a similar example for example curfews and lockdown of changing degrees leaving markets and working environments dead. It stops income age as well as acquires an extraordinary expense to states while managing with worldwide pandemic in the midst of general wellbeing. Accordingly, its economies effects are all the more distressing and subverting. The economies like Pakistan which is already facing political and economic trials is in intimidating position alongside negative developments are confronting a lack of assets to battle with it not to mention bearing income misfortune.
这项调查的目的是关于冠状病毒(通常被称为COVID-19)的经济影响。自从它在中国出现以来,它已经铸造了大量的人类生命,同时也使数百万人生活在孤立的病毒疾病中。在给人类带来巨大痛苦的地方,它还使世界范围内的经济中断。阻碍各类企业的发展和正常活动,严重影响贸易、出口、进口的平衡;公共支出、汇款、资本形成过程和金融市场都面临COVID-19的危险。全世界都经历过类似的例子,例如宵禁和不断变化的封锁,导致市场和工作环境死亡。它阻止了收入增长,并给国家带来了巨大的开支,同时在总体福祉中应对全球大流行。因此,它对经济的影响更加令人痛苦和颠覆。像巴基斯坦这样已经面临政治和经济考验的经济体,在负面发展的同时,正面临着缺乏资产来应对的问题,更不用说承受收入的不幸了。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Students’ Opinions on Mathematics Teaching Process Designed According to Multiple Intelligence Theory 学生对多元智能理论设计的数学教学过程的评价
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(256-268)
Tamer Kutluca, Seval Laçin, Samet Gündüz
In this research, it is aimed to introduce the teaching process related to the mathematics course designed according to multiple intelligence theory and to evaluate the students’ opinions about the teaching process. Action research design was used in the research. Purposeful sampling method was used in the research group. The research group consisted of 18 students attending a high school. As a result of the evaluation of the observation forms applied, the students developed materials and activities related to their own intelligence areas related to trigonometry. The interview form was analyzed with descriptive analysis method. As a result of the research, it was determined that the students stated that the lessons were more fun and they learned the subject more easily with the activities designed according to multiple intelligence theory. It was concluded that the students learned by doing by themselves because they prepared the materials themselves, they participated in the classes more actively but the application process took too much time and the learning environment was noisier.
本研究旨在介绍多元智能理论设计的数学课程的教学过程,并评价学生对教学过程的看法。本研究采用行动研究设计。研究组采用有目的的抽样方法。研究小组由一所高中的18名学生组成。通过对所应用的观察表格的评估,学生们开发了与他们自己的智力领域相关的材料和活动。采用描述性分析方法对访谈形式进行分析。研究结果表明,学生们表示,根据多元智能理论设计的活动,课程更有趣,他们学习科目更容易。结果表明,学生在实践中学习,因为他们自己准备材料,他们更积极地参与课堂,但申请过程花费太多时间,学习环境嘈杂。
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引用次数: 1
Intervening Role of Metacognition to Improve Task performance in Prospective Teachers: An Experimental Study 元认知对准教师任务绩效的干预作用:实验研究
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(52-59)
Ghazal Khalid Siddiqui, H. Lodhi, Tahira Kalsoom
The teachers are trained with the aim to provide the necessary knowledge and skills that could help them in dealing with difficulties that they face during teaching, from the planning of a lesson to its implementation. All those skills could be developed among prospective teachers during the phase of their learning. The current study was supposeded to assess the implementation of such skills in classrooms and then measure its effect on the students’ performance. For this purpose, a quasi-experiment was carried out. Consequently, two intact groups enrolled in the third semester of B.Ed. honors at a public university were considered as a sample of the study. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) by Schraw and Dennison (1994) was adapted to test Metacognition. Parallel to this, the researcher developed rubrics and observation sheets to assess students’ performance of tasks. Results of the current research reflected that metacognition development has a significant effect on the task performance of students who received the intervention. In light of these results, it is suggested that teacher training institutes should consider the development of Metacognition among their students. Teachers should incorporate different techniques that help them in inculcate metacognition development among their students.
对教师进行培训的目的是提供必要的知识和技能,以帮助他们处理在教学过程中所面临的困难,从计划课程到实施课程。所有这些技能都可以在未来教师的学习阶段得到发展。目前的研究旨在评估这些技能在课堂上的实施情况,然后衡量其对学生表现的影响。为此,进行了准实验。因此,两组在公立大学第三学期获得学士学位荣誉的完整学生被认为是研究的样本。Schraw和Dennison(1994)采用元认知意识量表(MAI)来测试元认知。与此同时,研究人员制定了标准和观察表来评估学生的任务表现。目前的研究结果表明,元认知发展对接受干预的学生的任务表现有显著的影响。根据这些研究结果,建议教师培训机构应考虑学生元认知的发展。教师应该采用不同的方法来帮助他们向学生灌输元认知发展。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of Ilm Ideas Phase I Programme of UK aid for Education in Pakistan 英国援助巴基斯坦教育第一阶段方案的评价
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(101-115)
Nauman A. Abdullah, Sadaf Jabeen, M. Akhtar
The role of donor agencies is considered significant in supporting the social development of developing countries, especially the education sector. UK aid also supports the education system of Pakistan to uplift its education indicators and educational outcomes. Ilm ideas programme was one such reform initiative by UK aid for Pakistan with the purpose to improve access to quality education, increase awareness on transparency and accountability, and enhancing the learning of students. This research was undertaken to evaluate this programme using document analysis technique. The evaluation was done with a focus on recipients’ perspective as it further compared and analysed the results of the programme with outcomes and indicators of education system of Pakistan. This has given the actual picture of the interventions and their outcomes. The research outcomes have multifold significance for education sector of Pakistan, UK aid, indigenous and international research scholar and critics. Programme evaluation practices might also increase as a result of this research.
捐助机构在支持发展中国家的社会发展,特别是教育部门方面的作用被认为是重要的。英国的援助还支持巴基斯坦的教育系统,以提高其教育指标和教育成果。Ilm ideas方案就是英国援助巴基斯坦的一项改革倡议,其目的是改善获得优质教育的机会,提高对透明度和问责制的认识,并加强学生的学习。进行这项研究是为了利用文件分析技术评价这一方案。评估的重点是受援国的观点,因为它进一步比较和分析了该方案的结果与巴基斯坦教育系统的成果和指标。这就给出了干预措施及其结果的实际情况。该研究成果对巴基斯坦教育部门、英国援助机构、本土和国际研究学者和评论家具有多重意义。这项研究也可能增加方案评价做法。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Teachers’ Behavior on students’ Academic Achievement at University Level 高校教师行为对学生学业成绩的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(60-69)
H. Munir
The aim of this study was to explore influence of teachers’ behavior on students’ academic achievement at university level. Researcher applied quantitative research method and used simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire were administered among sample of 387 students of social sciences departments of different universities. Collected data were analyzed applying Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results of the study showed that all the factors (Classroom Activities, Rules, routine & support, concerned behavior and Negative Behavior) of teachers’ behavior are highly correlated with each other and with the students’ academic achievement but there was also a positive but weak relationship between two factors Rules routine & support and Negative Behavior. This study concluded that the majority of students were found to be satisfied with the positive behavior of their teachers. The results of the study also showed that there is a significant correlation between the teachers’ behavior and students’ academic achievement.
摘要本研究旨在探讨教师行为对大学生学业成就的影响。研究者采用定量研究方法,采用简单随机抽样技术。采用问卷调查的方法,对387名高校社会科学系学生进行调查。收集到的数据采用描述性统计和推理统计进行分析。研究结果表明,教师行为的所有因素(课堂活动、规则、常规及支持、关心行为和消极行为)彼此之间以及与学生学业成绩之间都存在高度相关,但规则、常规及支持与消极行为之间存在微弱的正相关关系。本研究的结论是,大部分学生对老师的积极行为感到满意。研究结果还显示,教师行为与学生学业成绩之间存在显著的相关关系。
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引用次数: 0
Urdu Translation and Validation of Trust in Close Relationship Scale 亲密关系量表中信任的乌尔都语翻译与验证
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(173-184)
Hira Jahangier, S. Batool
The current study aimed to translate Trust in Close Relationship Scale in Urdu for married couples in Pakistan and to establish its psychometric properties. The forward and backward translation method was used for the translation of the scale followed by the try-out phase.  After determining the cross language validation, in order to confirm the factor structure of the scale, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was run.  The sample comprised of 250 participants of different age groups (M = 39.7, SD = 10.1). The results of CFA supported the original three-factor structure of the scale (viz., Avoidance, Benevolence and Retaliation) by providing a good model fit to the data with values of X2 = 229.61 (df = 110, p < .001), CFI =.91, GFI = .91, and RMSEA = .06. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of the scale was α= .87. The convergent validity of the scale was determined on a sample of 100 participants by finding its correlation with Trust Scale (r = .72, p < .001). The results support that the scale has promising.    
本研究旨在翻译巴基斯坦乌尔都语夫妻亲密关系信任量表,并建立其心理测量特性。量表的翻译采用前向和后向翻译的方法,然后进入试用阶段。在确定跨语言验证后,为了确认量表的因子结构,进行验证性因子分析(confirmatory factor analysis, CFA)。样本由250名不同年龄组的参与者组成(M = 39.7, SD = 10.1)。CFA的结果支持量表最初的三因素结构(即回避、仁慈和报复),对数据有很好的模型拟合,X2 = 229.61 (df = 110, p < .001), CFI =。91, GFI = .91, RMSEA = .06。量表的Cronbach′s α信度系数为α= 0.87。通过发现量表与信任量表的相关性,在100名参与者的样本上确定量表的收敛效度(r = 0.72, p < .001)。结果表明,该量表具有良好的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
A China and India: On the Edge of Water Disputes and Co-operation 中国和印度:处于水资源争端与合作的边缘
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(231-244)
N. Afzal, Z. Yaseen, M. Muẓaffar
This study explores the scarcity of water within two populous states of the world, World has challenge of water war owing the water conflict between the two thirsty nations of the world that might transfer into global war. Qualitative as well as quantitative research methodology was used. Ramification of the study is founded under the current diplomatic and bilateral scenario of the two states, upper riparian states of the region including China and India wanted to divert river water flow to avoid water scarcity in future that might damage agriculture and industry of lower riparian states. It is also recommended that United Nation and other International Organizations should play their part and introduce agreed law and policy of water distribution for the protection of global water conflict.
本研究探讨了世界上两个人口众多的国家缺水的问题,由于世界上两个口渴的国家之间的水冲突可能会转变为全球战争,世界面临着水战争的挑战。定性和定量的研究方法被使用。该研究的分支是在两国目前的外交和双边情况下建立的,包括中国和印度在内的该地区上游国家希望转移河水流量,以避免未来可能损害下游国家农业和工业的水资源短缺。还建议联合国和其他国际组织发挥它们的作用,为保护全球水冲突制订商定的水分配法律和政策。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparative Study of English Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by Iranian Bilinguals and Monolinguals 伊朗语双语者与单语者英语词汇学习策略的比较研究
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(01-10)
Farzad Sabeki, R. Karimzadeh
The present study is an attempt to explore English vocabulary learning strategies employed by Iranian EFL undergraduate Baluch-Persian bilingual and Persian monolingual students in the University of Sistan and Baluchestan. The study utilized a between-groups research design. The participants of this study were 33 bilingual (Baluch-Persian) and 34 monolingual (Persian) students with an intermediate level of English. Their age ranged from 19 to 24 and. In order to collect the data, adapted version of Schmitt’s (1997) Vocabulary Learning Strategy Questionnaire (VLSQ) with a five-point Likert scale was administrated. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test. The results indicated that EFL students use a wide range of vocabulary learning strategies. Furthermore, the findings revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between bilinguals and monolinguals regarding English VLSs. Finally, the paper ends up with a number of pedagogical implications for English teachers.
本研究旨在探讨伊朗锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦大学英语本科生俾路支-波斯语双语和波斯语单语学生的英语词汇学习策略。本研究采用组间研究设计。本研究的参与者是33名双语(俾路支-波斯语)和34名英语水平中等的单语(波斯语)学生。他们的年龄从19岁到24岁不等。为了收集数据,采用Schmitt(1997)的词汇学习策略调查问卷(VLSQ),采用李克特五点量表。数据分析采用描述性统计和独立样本t检验。结果表明,英语学习者使用了广泛的词汇学习策略。此外,研究结果显示双语者和单语者在英语VLSs方面没有统计学上的显著差异。最后,本文提出了一些对英语教师的教学启示。
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引用次数: 1
A Comparative Study of Teacher’s knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior’s Regarding Evidence Based Practices of Public and Private Universities in Lahore 拉合尔公立与私立大学教师循证实践知识、态度与行为的比较研究
Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss2-2020(93-100)
MS.Tahseen Arshad, D. Aziz, Dr.Ghazala Noureen, MS.Sabeen Asghar, MS.Kiran Karamat
Abstract   This study “A comparative study of teacher’s knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding Evidence-based practices of public and private universities in Lahore” investigates the difference between knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of public and private university teachers by adopting questionnaire as a tool of data collection. The study targeted the three hundred teachers of public and private universities of Lahore. The main objective of the study was to compare the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of public and private university teachers.             Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that overall teachers have knowledge, positive attitudes and behaviors towards Evidence-based practices. Findings of comparison indicate public sector teachers have higher knowledge and more positive attitude towards EBP as compare to private sector teachers. But on the other hand, behavior of private sector teachers was more positive than public sector teachers. Key words: Comparative, evidence-based practices, attitudes, behaviors
摘要本研究“拉合尔公立和私立大学教师循证实践知识、态度和行为的比较研究”采用问卷调查的方式,对公立和私立大学教师的知识、态度和行为的差异进行了调查。这项研究的目标是拉合尔公立和私立大学的300名教师。本研究的主要目的是比较公立和私立大学教师的知识、态度和行为。数据分析采用描述性和推断性统计。结果表明,教师总体上对循证实践有一定的认知、积极的态度和行为。比较结果表明,公共部门教师对EBP的认知水平高于私营部门教师,对EBP的态度也更积极。但另一方面,私营部门教师的行为比公共部门教师更积极。关键词:比较,循证实践,态度,行为
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引用次数: 0
Emotional Intelligence and Life Satisfaction of Teachers Working at Special Education Institutions of Bahawalpur, Pakistan 巴基斯坦巴哈瓦尔布尔特殊教育机构教师的情绪智力与生活满意度
Pub Date : 2020-08-19 DOI: 10.46662/jass-vol7-iss1-2020(21-27)
Ambreen Anjum, Aisha Shoukat, Amina Muazzam, B. Ejaz
The present study compared the level of life satisfaction and emotional intelligence of teachers employed at special education institutes, and teachers working at regular education institutes. The purposive sampling was used to select the sample for this study. The sample of the study was comprised of 100 teachers, 50 (male=25, female=25) working at special education institutions and 50 (male=25, female=25) regular education institutions of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. The age range of participants was 21-60 years. Satisfaction with Life Scale, Self-report measure of Emotional Intelligence and demographic information sheet were individually applied. Results showed that special education teachers have a higher level of life satisfaction and Emotional intelligence as compared to the teachers employed at regular education institutions. As for as demographic variables are concerned the results of the present study indicated that there was no significant difference in the level of life satisfaction and emotional intelligence with regard to the gender and age of teachers working at special education of teachers.
本研究比较了特殊教育机构教师与普通教育机构教师的生活满意度和情商水平。本研究采用目的抽样法选择样本。本研究样本为巴基斯坦巴哈瓦尔普尔市100名教师,其中50名(男25名,女25名)在特殊教育机构工作,50名(男25名,女25名)在普通教育机构工作。参与者的年龄范围为21-60岁。分别采用生活满意度量表、情绪智力自述量表和人口统计信息表。结果发现,特殊教育教师的生活满意度和情商水平均高于普通教育教师。在人口统计学变量方面,本研究的结果表明,特殊教育教师的生活满意度和情商水平在性别和年龄方面没有显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Arts and Social Sciences
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