Research in Cold and Arid Regions最新文献

{"title":"Valuing ecosystem products and realization pathways for farmland ecosystems in inland river basins: A case study of Zhangye City","authors":"JunXia Miao ,&nbsp;WenDing Jian ,&nbsp;Na Wu ,&nbsp;Xiang Pan ,&nbsp;XueMei Liu ,&nbsp;XiaoYu Song","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Farmland ecosystems are the primary ecosystem type in inland river basins, providing the biological and material basis for human development and survival. The foundation for monetizing the value of agricultural ecological products and transforming green mountains into gold mountains is the precise assessment of ecosystem products in specific geographic units (VEP) within farmland ecosystems, which elucidates regional agricultural resource endowments and spatial distribution. However, agricultural ecological products face challenges in valuation, trading, and monetization, and research on pathways for their value transformation remains limited. This study uses Zhangye City in inland river basins as an example to construct a catalog of farmland ecosystem ecological products and explores VEP accounting methods based on multi-source data, including statistical, remote sensing, and monitoring data, at the city and county scales, and analyzes differentiated value transformation pathways according to the attributes of various agricultural ecological products. The results show that material supply value ranks highest among the VEP of farmland ecosystems in inland river basins, followed by regulatory services, while recreational agriculture value ranks lowest. The ranking of VEP varies from the ranking of farmland ecosystem area, with available agricultural water being a major constraint on the VEP of farmland ecosystems in inland river basins. Regional climate, geographic position, and transportation are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within material supply products. Precipitation, soil structure, and cropping patterns are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within regulatory services. The local cultural resources and tourism infrastructure are linked to the value of agricultural ecosystem products within cultural services. Regarding the pathways for achieving the value of agricultural ecological products, market-oriented strategies dominate the mainstay of material supply products, government-led mechanisms are pivotal for regulatory service products, and a combination of government and market strategies is essential for cultural service products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 413-426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the unfrozen water content in unsaturated frozen soils using the electrical conductivity method","authors":"XiaoYan Li ,&nbsp;ChenZhang Sun ,&nbsp;HaoLiang Luo ,&nbsp;ChangShuai Cheng ,&nbsp;JiDong Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Determination of the unfrozen water and ice contents in frozen soils is a critical issue in cold region geotechnics. The electrical conductivity method has been adopted in both laboratory and in-situ applications, but the exact correlation of unfrozen water content as a function of the electrical conductivity remains an unanswered question. This research conducts a series of lab experiments on the unfrozen water content and electrical conductivity of frozen soils using a temperature-controlled apparatus. The test results indicate that the electrical conductivity-temperature relationship determined at positive temperatures cannot be directly applicable at negative temperatures. The electrical conductivity variation with the temperature of frozen soils is clarified based on the measured data. By quantifying the soil surface and bulk conductivities, a new physically-based model for soils is then developed that can be applicable at positive and negative temperatures. A simplified electrical conductivity model involving the unfrozen water content is developed by analyzing the impact of bulk and surface conductivities on overall electrical conductivity. The accuracy of this simplified model is verified against the experimental data and those obtained with the previous method in the literature. It is found that the results obtained with the new model agree with the measured data, and the new model exhibits a simple form and is easy to apply.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 348-359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of meteorological factors and ventilation coefficient on diurnal and seasonal variations of tropospheric ozone in Bangalore","authors":"H.N. Sowmya ,&nbsp;B.S. Surendra ,&nbsp;Archudha Arjunasamy ,&nbsp;E.K. Reshma ,&nbsp;M. Bhaskar ,&nbsp;K.S. Kavitha ,&nbsp;G.P. Shivashankara ,&nbsp;H.K. Ramaraju","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reported study examines the diurnal and seasonal variations of tropospheric ozone and its precursors in Bangalore, India, from January to December 2020, and explores the impact of meteorological parameters and the ventilation coefficient (VC) on ozone levels. Tropospheric ozone, a significant secondary pollutant, poses a major environmental and health challenge in urban areas. The study focuses on ozone, nitrogen oxides (NO and NO₂), Sulphur dioxide (SO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO), revealing that ozone peaks in the early afternoon due to solar radiation, while precursor pollutants show morning and evening peaks linked to traffic emissions. Higher ozone levels occur in winter (due to reduced boundary layer height) and summer (due to increased photochemical activity), while the monsoon period shows the lowest levels due to the washout effect. The VC values are generally higher during the day (587 m²/s) compared to night (246 m²/s), with the highest recorded in summer (1,935 m²/s) and the lowest in the post-monsoon season (209 m²/s). Higher VC enhances pollutant dispersion, while lower VC leads to accumulation. However, surface ozone concentrations increase with higher VC due to photochemical processes. The findings highlight the complex interplay of meteorology, emissions, and boundary layer dynamics, informing strategies for urban air quality management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 329-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of carbon nanotubes treatment on engineering properties of sandy fine-grained soils subject to freeze–thaw cycles","authors":"EnLiang Wang ,&nbsp;TengFei Zhou ,&nbsp;HaiQiang Jiang ,&nbsp;XingChao Liu ,&nbsp;ChenYu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs) are the significant factors that affect the bearing capacity of foundations and stability of structures in cold regions, posing challenges for the construction of water conservancy projects. Therefore, seeking improved materials that can enhance the engineering properties of soil is one of the hotspots in research. Until now, research on the improvement of soil properties by carbon nanotubes is still lacking, particularly regarding the evolution of macro and micro characteristics of the improved soil under FTCs. To clarify the above issues and provide scientific evidence for the application of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in engineering projects in cold regions, MWCNTs are utilized as the improvement material in this study, and a series of FTCs tests are conducted on the improved soil. The relationships between shear strength, particle gradation, pore structure, and FTCs are analyzed. Additionally, the optimal dosage of MWCNTs is determined, and the ability of the soil to resist FTCs is investigated under the optimal dosage conditions. The results show that 0.5 wt% MWCNTs can effectively improve the shear strength of soil. Moreover, FTCs reduce the shear strength by altering the particle gradation and pore structure, while the resistance of treated soil to FTCs is significantly enhanced. This study reveals the effects of MWCNTs in enhancing the engineering properties and freeze–thaw resistance of soils, providing a reference for the selection of materials for improving foundation soils in practical engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 383-392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on the evolution law of precipitation and runoff in Sanjiang Plain: A case study of the lower Songhua River Basin","authors":"JianYu Jing ,&nbsp;ChangLei Dai ,&nbsp;GengWei Liu ,&nbsp;Xue Feng ,&nbsp;YiRu Wei ,&nbsp;QuanChong Su","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sanjiang Plain, located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province, is one of the important grain producing areas in Heilongjiang Province, which has made great contributions to China's grain industry. However, the rapid development of agriculture has increased the demand for water resources, and the water cycle process has been damaged, which has caused a series of problems, and the adverse effects have aroused great concern from all sides. In order to study the evolution law of precipitation and runoff in the lower Songhua River basin of Sanjiang Plain, the monthly precipitation data of Fujin, Jiamusi and Yilan meteorological stations and the measured runoff data of Jiamusi and Changjiangtun hydrological stations of the Songhua River from 1956 to 2011 were used. Mann-Kendall method, Hurst index method, sliding T test and wavelet analysis were used to analyze the trend, mutability and periodicity of precipitation and runoff evolution. The results show that the annual precipitation and runoff of the lower Songhua River basin in Sanjiang Plain showed a downward trend in the past 56 years (1956–2011); the mutation time of precipitation at Fujin Station, Jiamusi Station and Yilan Station was 1987, 1959 and 2007, 1973, respectively, the mutation time of runoff at Jiamusi Station and Changjiangtun Station appeared in 1967 and 1988; the first main periods of the annual precipitation wavelets are 42 years, 54 years and 56 years, respectively, and the periods are about 28–31 years, 36–39 years and 36–38 years, the annual runoff of Jiamusi Station has the first main period of 57 years and the period is about 37–40 years, and the annual runoff of Changjiangtun Station has the first main period of 35 years and the period is about 20–24 years; the freeze-thaw process has significant influence on runoff in the study area. The results of this study have practical significance for rational planning and utilization of surface water resources and joint operation of surface water and groundwater in Sanjiang Plain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 339-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic creep constitutive model of soil-rock mixture-concrete interface under freeze-thaw cycles","authors":"LiYun Tang ,&nbsp;DanNa Wu ,&nbsp;JianGuo Zheng ,&nbsp;Bing Ding ,&nbsp;PeiZhi Xu ,&nbsp;YongTang Yu ,&nbsp;HaiLiang Jia ,&nbsp;HaiBin Li ,&nbsp;PeiYong Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interface between concrete and soil-rock mixture (SRM-concrete interface) under freeze-thaw cycles is very prone to creep damage, threatening the long-term stability of the superstructure in cold regions. However, there is no study concerning the characteristics of the nonlinear accelerated creep stage using the existing creep model in SRM-concrete interface. Therefore, shear creep tests were conducted to study the creep displacement and failure modes at the SRM-concrete interface under varying rock contents (15%–65%) and freeze-thaw cycles (0–20 iterations). A modified Burgers viscoelastic-plastic constitutive model is proposed to illustrate the creep failure characteristics of SRM-concrete interface induced by freeze-thaw cycles, which contains a hardening and loosening component. Results reveal a notable decrease in creep deformation correlating with increased rock content at SRM-concrete interface. Notably, the resistance of SRM-concrete interface to shear creep behavior peaks after five freeze-thaw cycles. This modified creep model accurately describes the nonlinear hardening and loosening creep behavior at the SRM-concrete interface, offering a substantial theoretical foundation for studying the long-term deformation and service life of superstructures in cold regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 371-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of new characteristics of temperature change in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin from 1991 to 2020","authors":"YaQi Wang,&nbsp;MinHong Song","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on ERA5-Land hourly temperature reanalysis (1991–2020), this study quantifies spatiotemporal warming patterns in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YZRB) through EOF analysis, extreme indices (ETCCDI), and Mann-Kendall test. The basin is partitioned into upstream (above Lazi, &gt;4,500 m) and midstream-downstream (below Lazi, 140–4,500 m) based on EOF analysis. The results indicate the following: (1) Pronounced thermal stratification with &gt;20 °C annual range in upstream (−15 °C winter to 5 °C summer) versus &lt;15 °C variation in midstream-downstream where winter temperatures remain above −5 °C; (2) The basin-wide annual mean temperature (<em>T</em>_ave) increased at 0.32 °C/decade, slower than the minimum temperature (<em>T</em>_min) rise (0.36 °C/decade). The most pronounced warming occurred in winter, with <em>T</em>_ave surging at 0.76 °C/decade (<em>p</em>&lt;0.01). (3) Asymmetric shifts in extremes are observed: in central midstream-downstream, warm nights (TN90p) escalated by 7.37 days/decade (<em>p</em>&lt;0.01), whereas cold days (TX10p) decreased markedly (−7.14 days/decade, <em>p</em>&lt;0.01).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 404-412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate changes in Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains since 1980 and their response to El Niño","authors":"TianXia Yu,&nbsp;XiaoLi Chang,&nbsp;YanLin Zhang,&nbsp;LingHai Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains are an important ecological barrier in China and are highly sensitive to global climate change. Gaining an in-depth understanding of the climate change characteristics in this high-latitude, cold region is crucial for protecting ecological security and responding to global climate change. This paper uses precipitation and average temperature data from 1980 to 2019, and applies methods such as wavelet analysis, cross-wavelet transform, wavelet coherence, and singular value decomposition (SVD) with heterogeneous correlation to study the climate change in the Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains over the past 40 years and its response to the El Niño phenomenon. The results show that: (1) The temperature in the Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains has shown a significant increasing trend, with a temperature trend rate of 0.30 °C/10a (<em>p</em>&lt;0.01). Spatially, the annual average temperature and temperature change rate exhibit latitudinal zonality, with the highest temperature occurring near the Zhalantun station in the southeastern part of the Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains, and the greatest temperature change rate observed near Xiao'ergou. The annual precipitation in the Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains ranges from 250 to 650 mm, with no obvious trend in precipitation variation. Overall, there is a decreasing trend, with a precipitation trend rate of −5.09 mm/10a (<em>p</em>&gt;0.01). Precipitation shows a gradual decrease from east to west, and the spatial distribution of the precipitation trend rate is consistent with the trend in precipitation change. (2) Morlet wavelet analysis shows that the annual average temperature in the Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains exhibits scale variations of 21 years and 8 years at the 40-year scale, while annual precipitation shows no obvious periodic characteristics. (3) The heterogeneous correlation chart in singular value decomposition indicates that the climate in the Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains is significantly influenced by the El Niño phenomenon. Among them, the temperature in XinBaragLeft Banner, Right Banner, and Manzhouli, as well as the southwestern area of Zhalantun, shows a strong response to El Niño events, while precipitation is notably affected in areas near Mohe, Tahe, Huzhong, and Xinlin. (4) According to the cross-wavelet and wavelet coherence analysis, the sea surface temperature in the Nino3.4 region exhibits significant resonance with the temperature in the Northern Da Xing'anling Mountains at 10–17 months and 18–62 months cycles, and there is a correlation between precipitation and temperature at different time periods and cyclical scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 393-403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the analytical methods for water-heat coupling in the frost-thaw process of canal slopes under saturated conditions","authors":"AnShuang Su ,&nbsp;MingWei Hai ,&nbsp;Miao Wang ,&nbsp;YanXiu Guo ,&nbsp;FuKun Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a typical seasonal frozen soil region, the slopes of canal projects in Heilongjiang Province frequently experience significant landslide damage due to a high water table and freeze-thaw cycles. This study addresses the limitations of existing models in analyzing the hydrothermal coupling processes of saturated soil. It is based on the principles of mass conservation, energy conservation, Darcy's law, and heat conduction theory. A hydrothermal coupling model was developed for saturated soil, incorporating temperature and porosity as variables. By comparing the model's predictions with actual engineering monitoring data, the study effectively validates the model's reliability and elucidates the dynamic changes in the temperature field, water field, and ice content of the saturated canal slopes during the freeze-thaw cycle. The findings indicate that the saturated soil is filled with water in the pore spaces, the temperature field changes gradually during freezing, the water field exhibits minimal fluctuations, and the ice content increases steadily. During the thawing process, the soil rapidly becomes re-saturated, the thawing rate accelerates, the water distribution becomes uniform, and the ice content decreases swiftly to a very low level. In spring, the shallow temperature increased to 23 °C but began to drop in the fall. The upper slope temperature fell to −10 °C during winter, and the freezing depth grew as temperatures decreased. The warming in spring facilitated a rise in temperature and shallow melting. There were significant fluctuations in temperature, water, and ice content in the shallow layer of the slope (up to 1.5 m deep). At a depth of 0.5 m, the water content was 38% on day 230, dropped to 1.5% on day 257, and further decreased to 0.9% on day 303. The ice content at 0.5 m depth fell from 38.9% on day 303 to 24.4% on day 350, while at 1 m depth, it decreased from 36.4% on day 303 to 30% on day 350.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 6","pages":"Pages 360-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glacier distribution, changes, and water resource impacts in the Turpan−Hami Basin, Xinjiang, China","authors":"Hao Ma ,&nbsp;ZhongQin Li ,&nbsp;YuFeng Jia ,&nbsp;ZeXin Zhan ,&nbsp;JianXin Mu ,&nbsp;FeiTeng Wang ,&nbsp;Ping Zhou ,&nbsp;QiBin Liang ,&nbsp;Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;YeFei Yang ,&nbsp;WeiBo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcar.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Turpan−Hami Basin in Xinjiang is a resource−scarce area where glaciers are important water resources. Based on the data of the Chinese Glacier Inventory of Xinjiang in 2020 (CGI-XJ2020), this study analyzed and explained the distribution characteristics of glaciers in the Turpan−Hami Basin in 2020. Additionally, by integrating the updated First and Second Chinese Glacier Inventories, the study examined changes within the basin from 1962 to 2020. It also assessed the specific impact of glacier changes in the Hami region on the runoff of four typical basins. The results indicated that in 2020, the Turpan−Hami Basin contained 354 glaciers, covering an area of 155.82 km² and an estimated ice volume of 5.81 km³. Small glaciers (&lt;0.5 km²) were the most numerous, accounting for 78% of the total, while glaciers ranging from 2.0 to 5.0 km² were the largest area, covering 39.37 km², which represents 25.3% of the total glacier area. From 1962 to 2020, the glacier area decreased by 85.06 km² (35.3%). Between 1962 and 2009, the area decreased by 72.53 km² (30.11%), with an average annual retreat of 1.54 km²/a (0.64%/a). From 2009 to 2020, the area decreased by 12.53 km² (7.44%), and the average annual retreat slowed to 1.14 km²/a (0.68%/a). These results suggested that while the total glacier area continues to decline, the rate of decrease in absolute terms has slowed, whereas the relative rate of change has increased, indicating an accelerating trend in glacier melt. Climate-driven glacier changes have significantly impacted river hydrology and water resources in Hami. In basins without glaciers, runoff has shown a decreasing trend, suggesting that the positive effect of increased precipitation on runoff may not be sufficient to offset the negative impact of rising temperatures. In basins with smaller glaciers, the 'peak water' for glacier runoff likely occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, and water resources are expected to continue deteriorating. In contrast, basins with larger glaciers have not yet reached a 'peak water' and high flow is projected to persist for decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53163,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cold and Arid Regions","volume":"17 5","pages":"Pages 294-305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145340643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}