Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17107/kh.2022.24.203-219
Zsolt Ember
Health is our basic value – the base of our existence. In our accelerated world, we have to pay more attention to our mental health, since we are tending to ignore our mental needs and natural desire for well-being. While preserving mental health emphasising prevention is as important, as an individual- and social intentions of efficient healing. Creating optimal individual, environmental and social conditions are equally important, starting from a livable residential environment through positive working place conditions to well-functioning social support. The history of mental health and ill-health indicates clearly that mental imbalance was a significant individual and social problem all the time, which was differently realized and tried to manage – with less or more success. However, the more and more humane and indulgent forms of treatments and cures indicate that we understood the problem as the suffering of fellows is ours too. Thus, supporting professionals have to do the most they can to ease the suffering of both physically and mentally ill patients. Earlier this practice was served by the principle of moral treatment, later on by the mental hygiene movement, and nowadays it is served by actions of great world organisations, that are united in a worldwide collaboration beyond all country borders by the global mental health movement.
{"title":"Mentális egészség, mentális betegség - orvostörténeti és társadalmi megközelítésben","authors":"Zsolt Ember","doi":"10.17107/kh.2022.24.203-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17107/kh.2022.24.203-219","url":null,"abstract":"Health is our basic value – the base of our existence. In our accelerated world, we have to pay more attention to our mental health, since we are tending to ignore our mental needs and natural desire for well-being. While preserving mental health emphasising prevention is as important, as an individual- and social intentions of efficient healing. Creating optimal individual, environmental and social conditions are equally important, starting from a livable residential environment through positive working place conditions to well-functioning social support. The history of mental health and ill-health indicates clearly that mental imbalance was a significant individual and social problem all the time, which was differently realized and tried to manage – with less or more success. However, the more and more humane and indulgent forms of treatments and cures indicate that we understood the problem as the suffering of fellows is ours too. Thus, supporting professionals have to do the most they can to ease the suffering of both physically and mentally ill patients. Earlier this practice was served by the principle of moral treatment, later on by the mental hygiene movement, and nowadays it is served by actions of great world organisations, that are united in a worldwide collaboration beyond all country borders by the global mental health movement.","PeriodicalId":53287,"journal":{"name":"Kaleidoscope History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68225229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17107/kh.2022.25.13-1
Fanni Svégel
: This study outlines the development of family planning in national frame with particular reference to the female agents of healthcare and social policy measures since the turn of the centuries 19-20 th down to 1944. While connecting the medical, political, and social discourses based on archival and press sources on family planning, we analyze the role and agency of three women’s organizations: the Hungarian Midwife Association (1894–1944), the National Stefánia Association (1915–1940) and the Green Cross Health Protection Service (1927–1945). Furthermore, it is aimed to display the process of disintegration of traditional midwifery by examining the expansion of the nurse system and its relations to the political elite of the Horthy regime. By integrating documents on family planning such as journal articles, political speeches and criminal abortion data into the national and political discourses, this study claims that women have often played contradictory roles in the process of family planning. Midwives and nurses who served as gatekeepers either helped women by providing access to birth control and abortion or complied with regulations of the pro-natalist state, depriving this way women of choice.
{"title":"Cselekvőképesség és haszonélvezet: nők politikai szerepe a reprodukciós döntéshozatalban (1914–1944)","authors":"Fanni Svégel","doi":"10.17107/kh.2022.25.13-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17107/kh.2022.25.13-1","url":null,"abstract":": This study outlines the development of family planning in national frame with particular reference to the female agents of healthcare and social policy measures since the turn of the centuries 19-20 th down to 1944. While connecting the medical, political, and social discourses based on archival and press sources on family planning, we analyze the role and agency of three women’s organizations: the Hungarian Midwife Association (1894–1944), the National Stefánia Association (1915–1940) and the Green Cross Health Protection Service (1927–1945). Furthermore, it is aimed to display the process of disintegration of traditional midwifery by examining the expansion of the nurse system and its relations to the political elite of the Horthy regime. By integrating documents on family planning such as journal articles, political speeches and criminal abortion data into the national and political discourses, this study claims that women have often played contradictory roles in the process of family planning. Midwives and nurses who served as gatekeepers either helped women by providing access to birth control and abortion or complied with regulations of the pro-natalist state, depriving this way women of choice.","PeriodicalId":53287,"journal":{"name":"Kaleidoscope History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68226269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17107/kh.2022.24.255-265
Éva Mlinkó
Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) is a developmental disfunction of the enamel of ectodermal origin. Since Hippocrates, the dental structure was studied continously. Fauchard wrote in 1728 first about hard tissue developmental disturbances. At that time they discovered the impact of hypoplasia on systemic diseases. Later Busch in 1884 and Turner in 1909 detected localised hypoplasia on the permanent teeth as the underlying cause of deciduous dental inflammation. 1970 Suckling created the DDE index, which determined the characteristics of molar hypomineralisation. In 2001 the term MIH was introduced at the EAPD congress. Its prevalence is high and it is a primary risk factor of caries in childhood. Remineralisation is crucial at white spots and hypomineralised teeth. In 1874 Erhardt discovered that fluoride changed the enamel surface, and started research to examine its anticariogen effect. Systematic fluoridation experiments where initiated by tap water (1945), salt (1955) milk and pills. It was recognised first in 1970 that topical fluoride intake raised fluoride content in the carious lesions as well. In 1977 Fejerskov recognised that the high intake can be toxic to amelogenesis. Other remineralisation methods started to develop, as casein recognised by Schweigert in 1946, casein-phosphopeptid by Reynolds 1987, arginine by Kleinberg 1979, Bioglass by Heinch 2006. Future experiments are needed to develop more effective prevention and/or remineralisation.
{"title":"Krétaszerű elváltozások a fogakon. A Molaris Incisivus Hypomineralisatio felfedezésének története, prevenciós és remineralizációs módszerek fejlődése","authors":"Éva Mlinkó","doi":"10.17107/kh.2022.24.255-265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17107/kh.2022.24.255-265","url":null,"abstract":"Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) is a developmental disfunction of the enamel of ectodermal origin. Since Hippocrates, the dental structure was studied continously. Fauchard wrote in 1728 first about hard tissue developmental disturbances. At that time they discovered the impact of hypoplasia on systemic diseases. Later Busch in 1884 and Turner in 1909 detected localised hypoplasia on the permanent teeth as the underlying cause of deciduous dental inflammation. 1970 Suckling created the DDE index, which determined the characteristics of molar hypomineralisation. In 2001 the term MIH was introduced at the EAPD congress. Its prevalence is high and it is a primary risk factor of caries in childhood. Remineralisation is crucial at white spots and hypomineralised teeth. In 1874 Erhardt discovered that fluoride changed the enamel surface, and started research to examine its anticariogen effect. Systematic fluoridation experiments where initiated by tap water (1945), salt (1955) milk and pills. It was recognised first in 1970 that topical fluoride intake raised fluoride content in the carious lesions as well. In 1977 Fejerskov recognised that the high intake can be toxic to amelogenesis. Other remineralisation methods started to develop, as casein recognised by Schweigert in 1946, casein-phosphopeptid by Reynolds 1987, arginine by Kleinberg 1979, Bioglass by Heinch 2006. Future experiments are needed to develop more effective prevention and/or remineralisation.","PeriodicalId":53287,"journal":{"name":"Kaleidoscope History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68225313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17107/kh.2022.25.19-1
I. Rácz
{"title":"Mélylélektani narratíva Ivan Bunin 1920-as években írt elbeszéléseiben","authors":"I. Rácz","doi":"10.17107/kh.2022.25.19-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17107/kh.2022.25.19-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53287,"journal":{"name":"Kaleidoscope History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68227139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17107/kh.2022.24.24-34
Erzsébet Szabóné Dr. Révész
{"title":"Sebkezelés az ókori Egyiptomban","authors":"Erzsébet Szabóné Dr. Révész","doi":"10.17107/kh.2022.24.24-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17107/kh.2022.24.24-34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53287,"journal":{"name":"Kaleidoscope History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68225615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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