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Customer Relationship Management. Websites Analysis of the Top Ten Consumer Goods Companies 客户关系管理。十大消费品公司网站分析
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/mdke-2023-0022
Alexandru Ioan Rîpa, L. Nicolescu
Abstract Customer relationship management (CRM) became one of the marketing practices that is assumed to bring success to companies in recent years. Therefore, the present research aims to identify the level of development of CRM in the top ten consumer goods companies as ranked at world level in 2021. Different models describe components of the CRM and the present research uses the theoretical framework proposed by Sin et al. (2005) that comprises four CRM dimensions: key customer focus, CRM organization, knowledge management and technology-based CRM. The methodology employed includes documentary research based on the public information available on the websites of the selected companies. Two types of analyses are conducted, descriptive analysis and comparative analysis. On overall, the dimension that is the most visible is the key customer focus, while the dimension that is the least visible is CRM organization. The results reveal that CRM is present in all top ten companies, but at different levels of development. US companies are more oriented towards CRM than companies originating from other countries. Companies that have a more developed CRM act in the direction of all four CRM dimensions.
摘要 近年来,客户关系管理(CRM)已成为被认为能为企业带来成功的营销实践之一。因此,本研究旨在确定 2021 年世界十大消费品公司的客户关系管理发展水平。不同的模型描述了客户关系管理的组成部分,本研究采用了 Sin 等人(2005 年)提出的理论框架,该框架包括四个客户关系管理维度:以客户为中心、客户关系管理组织、知识管理和基于技术的客户关系管理。采用的方法包括基于所选公司网站上公开信息的文献研究。分析分为两类,即描述性分析和比较分析。总体而言,最明显的维度是以客户为中心,而最不明显的维度是客户关系管理组织。研究结果表明,客户关系管理在所有排名前十的公司中都存在,但发展水平各不相同。美国公司比其他国家的公司更注重客户关系管理。客户关系管理发展水平较高的公司在客户关系管理的所有四个维度上都有所行动。
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引用次数: 0
Financial Literacy and Entrepreneurial Risk Attitude of Selected Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Nigeria 尼日利亚部分中小型企业的金融知识和创业风险态度
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/mdke-2023-0023
O. Isimoya, T. Oluwaleye
Abstract The importance of financial literacy as a source of information for making financial decisions has been acknowledged, but little research has been done on how it affects SMEs’ attitudes about taking risks. In order to examine the financial literacy and risk-taking behavior of small and medium-sized firms in Ekiti State, Nigeria, the research created an integrated model from a knowledge-based viewpoint. A survey research design was used for this study with a multi-stage sampling procedure. The study analyzed the primary data collected from the questionnaire. 154 managers and owners of SMEs in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, made up the sample. According to the results of multiple regression, financial behavior, knowledge, and attitude all have a positive and substantial impact on how risk-averse small and medium-sized businesses in Ekiti State, Nigeria, are about taking risks. The study’s findings revealed that a high level of financial management literacy has a critical and significant influence on enhancing the entrepreneur’s risk-taking attitude, which leads to the growth of small businesses.
摘要 金融知识作为财务决策的信息来源,其重要性已得到公认,但关于金融知识如何影响中小型企业对承担风险的态度,却鲜有研究。为了研究尼日利亚埃基蒂州中小型企业的金融知识和风险承担行为,本研究从基于知识的角度建立了一个综合模型。本研究采用了调查研究设计和多阶段抽样程序。研究分析了从调查问卷中收集到的原始数据。埃基蒂州阿多-埃基蒂市的 154 名中小企业经理和所有者构成了样本。根据多元回归的结果,财务行为、知识和态度都对尼日利亚埃基蒂州中小企业规避风险的程度产生了积极和实质性的影响。研究结果表明,高水平的财务管理知识对提高企业家的风险承担态度有着至关重要的重大影响,从而促进小企业的发展。
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引用次数: 0
The Dynamic Effect of Financial Sector Development in Stimulating the Gross National Savings of Djibouti 金融部门发展对刺激吉布提国民总储蓄的动态影响
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/mdke-2023-0025
Sadik Aden Dirir, Kadir Aden
Abstract Savings are important determinants of wealth. At the macroeconomic level, governments attach importance to saving money in order to make new investments, produce new capital goods, and sustain economic growth. However, due to the high level of internal and external debt in Djibouti, it is nearly impossible for the country to achieve domestic savings. Hereby, the major aim of this study is to examine the dynamic effect of financial sector development in stimulating the gross national saving of Djibouti from the period 1987 to 2021. The paper considered numerous indicators as measurements of the financial sector development including FDI inflows, domestic loans to the private sector, central bank assets to GDP, and money supply. To proceed with the analysis, Non-Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) was performed and according to the model, the findings highlighted that the Djiboutian financial industry is still in its early development and has not yet made a substantial contribution to boosting the country’s national savings. Nevertheless, the gross national saving of Djibouti was still positively prompted by significant components of the financial sector development, such as the positive shocks of FDI inflows and both the negative shocks of central bank assets and money supply. While both the positive and negative shocks of the credit offered to the private sector were uncovered to diminish the national savings in the long run. In conclusion, the current research will help governments and policymakers understand the best ways to use the financial sector to raise gross national savings. It will also present evidence of how to implement long-term initiatives that can lower public debt and encourage savings. Not to mention, the article provides information on the value of long-term investments.
摘要 储蓄是财富的重要决定因素。在宏观经济层面,政府重视储蓄,以便进行新的投资、生产新的资本货物和维持经济增长。然而,由于吉布提的内债和外债居高不下,该国几乎不可能实现国内储蓄。因此,本研究的主要目的是探讨 1987 年至 2021 年期间金融部门发展对刺激吉布提国民储蓄总额的动态影响。本文考虑了许多衡量金融部门发展的指标,包括外国直接投资流入量、对私营部门的国内贷款、中央银行资产占国内生产总值的比例以及货币供应量。为了进行分析,本文采用了非线性自回归分布滞后模型(NARDL),根据该模型,分析结果表明吉布提的金融业仍处于早期发展阶段,尚未对促进该国的国民储蓄做出实质性贡献。尽管如此,吉布提的国民储蓄总额仍然受到金融业发展的重要因素的积极影响,如外国直接投资流入的积极冲击以及中央银行资产和货币供应的消极冲击。而向私营部门提供信贷的正面和负面冲击都会导致国民储蓄的长期减少。总之,当前的研究将有助于政府和政策制定者了解利用金融部门提高国民储蓄总额的最佳方法。它还将提供证据,说明如何实施可降低公共债务和鼓励储蓄的长期举措。更不用说,文章还提供了有关长期投资价值的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Harmonizing Sustainability Disclosure and Financial Performance. An In-depth Exploration within the European Energy Industry and Beyond 协调可持续发展信息披露与财务业绩。欧洲能源行业内外的深入探索
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/mdke-2023-0024
Pompei Mititean, Florina-Nicoleta Sărmaș
Abstract This study seeks to investigate how the sustainability disclosure influence the financial performance of companies listed in the Top 100 Global Energy Leaders. The Refinitiv Eikon database in the main source where the data was collected for the 2017-2021 period, resulting in a data set of 361 observations for 71 companies. The analysis examined global and regional variables, and the results obtained using the SPSS statistical package were found to be mixed. The findings revealed that the ESG score had a significant negative impact on both Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA) for the overall sample and Asia. In contrast, the impact was negative but statistically insignificant for Europe and positive but insignificant for North America. Furthermore, the environmental score had a negatively impact on ROA for the overall sample, while its influence was statistically insignificant in Asia, Europe and North America for both ROA and ROE. Additionally, the social score demonstrated a significant negative impact on the overall sample and Asia, while its impact was not significant in other regions. In terms of governance score, it significantly negatively affected ROE for the overall sample, Asia, and Europe, but had a positive and significant impact in North America. This existing literature in the field is completed in new results from the companies acting in the energy sector in different regions of the world. These findings have also some practical implications, being valuable for stakeholders in the decision-making process and for team management who seek to incorporate sustainable practises into corporate strategies.
摘要 本研究旨在探讨可持续发展信息披露如何影响全球能源领袖 100 强上市公司的财务业绩。数据的主要来源是 Refinitiv Eikon 数据库,该数据库收集了 2017-2021 年期间 71 家公司的 361 个观测值。分析考察了全球和地区变量,使用 SPSS 统计软件包得出的结果喜忧参半。研究结果显示,ESG得分对总体样本和亚洲的净资产收益率(ROE)和资产收益率(ROA)都有显著的负面影响。相比之下,对欧洲的影响是负面的,但在统计上并不显著;对北美的影响是正面的,但并不显著。此外,在总体样本中,环境得分对 ROA 有负面影响,而在亚洲、欧洲和北美,环境得分对 ROA 和 ROE 的影响在统计上不显著。此外,社会得分对总体样本和亚洲有显著的负面影响,而对其他地区的影响不显著。就治理得分而言,它对总体样本、亚洲和欧洲的 ROE 有明显的负面影响,但对北美的 ROE 有显著的正面影响。通过对全球不同地区能源行业公司的新研究结果,完善了该领域的现有文献。这些研究结果还具有一定的现实意义,对于决策过程中的利益相关者以及寻求将可持续发展实践纳入企业战略的团队管理者来说都很有价值。
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引用次数: 0
Bottleneck Identification through Simulation Modelling: A Case of Solid Tire Manufacturing Sector 通过仿真建模识别瓶颈:实心轮胎制造业案例
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/mdke-2023-0020
Edirisinghe Arachchige Dona Dilesha Divyanjali Edirisinghe, Edirisinghe Arachchige Chaminda Prasanna Karunarathne
Abstract Businesses are constantly making productivity improvements to survive in the highly competitive marketplace. Bottlenecks have been identified as one of the main factors limiting the system performance of manufacturing firms. Thus, identifying bottlenecks in the production process is extremely important to increase productivity. Considering its importance, this case study was designed to identify causes for not meeting the tire target and determine the implications of bottlenecks in the tire manufacturing process. For this purpose, simulation analysis was carried out for the solid resilience tire-building process. Through the investigation, the cushion layer-building process was identified as the bottleneck. To validate the identified limitation, Line balancing and Pareto analysis were conducted. Analysis results confirmed the presence of a bottleneck in the cushion layer-building process. Further, to identify the root causes for not reaching the maximum tire target, Cause-and-Effect analysis and 5WHY analysis were adopted. The study revealed that inadequately maintained outdated machines and frequent power failures are the leading causes of not meeting the maximum production. By answering these issues, the target production can be increased, and the results showed the opportunity to increase the efficiency of the manufacturing process by more than 95%.
摘要 企业需要不断提高生产率,才能在竞争激烈的市场中生存下来。瓶颈被认为是限制制造企业系统性能的主要因素之一。因此,找出生产流程中的瓶颈对提高生产率极为重要。考虑到其重要性,本案例研究旨在找出轮胎生产未能达到目标的原因,并确定轮胎生产过程中瓶颈的影响。为此,对实心弹性轮胎制造过程进行了模拟分析。通过调查,确定缓冲层制造过程是瓶颈。为验证所确定的限制因素,进行了生产线平衡和帕累托分析。分析结果证实了缓冲层构建过程中存在瓶颈。此外,为了找出无法达到最大轮胎目标的根本原因,还采用了因果分析和 5WHY 分析法。研究结果表明,维护不当的过时机器和频繁的电力故障是无法达到最高产量的主要原因。通过解决这些问题,可以提高目标产量,结果表明有机会将生产过程的效率提高 95% 以上。
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引用次数: 0
Sharing Economy as Unconventional Alternative to Traditional Transport Services 共享经济作为传统交通服务的非常规替代品
Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/mdke-2023-0021
Denis Juracka, Katarina Valaskova, Katarina Janoskova
Abstract The sharing economy, as a developing business model, is becoming more and more popular. This phenomenon can be observed in many countries. The sharing economy, as a part of human life in its essence, has existed for a long time. In general, the sharing economy is considered an economic model where individuals or organizations share a certain type of property or, in this way, provide services for a financial reward. One of the most used sectors, where there is constant interest, is the shared transport of people, goods, and services. However, platforms operating in the shared transportation segment should be analysed from various points of view, such as their financial results and overall economic stability. The study is primarily focused on the sector of shared transport and transport services. The chief objective of the study was to demonstrate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on shared transport and transport services within the territory of the Slovak Republic. The analysis included ride-hailing platforms such as Bolt Services SK as well as food and dining delivery platforms such as Wolt Slovakia. Through appropriately chosen methods of financial and economic analysis, the situation of the platforms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was determined. We also performed an analysis of the development of the number of cars and the related level of automobilization in the territory of the Slovak Republic, since the shared economy represents an alternative to conventional economic models.
摘要 共享经济作为一种发展中的商业模式,正变得越来越流行。这一现象在许多国家都可以看到。共享经济作为人类生活的一部分,其本质早已存在。一般来说,共享经济被认为是一种经济模式,个人或组织共享某种类型的财产,或以这种方式提供服务以获取经济回报。其中最常用的领域之一是人员、货物和服务的共享运输,这也是人们持续关注的领域。不过,应从财务结果和整体经济稳定性等多个角度对共享运输领域的运营平台进行分析。本研究主要关注共享运输和运输服务领域。研究的主要目的是证明 COVID-19 大流行对斯洛伐克共和国境内共享运输和运输服务的影响。分析对象包括 Bolt Services SK 等打车平台以及 Wolt Slovakia 等食品和餐饮外卖平台。通过适当选择的财务和经济分析方法,确定了这些平台在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间的情况。我们还分析了斯洛伐克共和国境内汽车数量的发展情况以及相关的自动化水平,因为共享经济代表了传统经济模式的一种替代方案。
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引用次数: 0
Artificial Intelligence and its impact on different business functions 人工智能及其对不同业务功能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.57198/2583-4932.1328
Anubhav Mishra, Monika Sharma
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a major disruption in every field of life. People have experienced AI as an alien thing in the first go but gradually they are getting a taste of the genius nous. The pace with which it is growing is grabbing attention in the business world. In this paper I have discussed the advancement of AI in the last 48 years in a tabular format, then moving towards the impact of AI in different businesses, and its impact on different business functions like Marketing, Sales, Operations, HR, Finance, etc. This work explores how AI has impacted our business and its functional areas for better business standards
人工智能(AI)已经成为生活各个领域的重大颠覆。一开始,人们将人工智能视为一种陌生的东西,但逐渐地,他们尝到了天才智慧的滋味。它的增长速度引起了商界的关注。在本文中,我以表格形式讨论了人工智能在过去48年的进步,然后转向人工智能在不同业务中的影响,以及它对不同业务功能(如营销、销售、运营、人力资源、财务等)的影响。这项工作探讨了人工智能如何影响我们的业务及其功能领域,以实现更好的业务标准
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引用次数: 0
Systematic Risk and Cross Section of Equity Returns: Evidence from Nepalese Insurance Sector 系统性风险与股权收益横截面:来自尼泊尔保险部门的证据
Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.3126/md.v26i1.59148
Durga Datt Pathak, Jhabindra Pokharel
This research analyzes the impact of firm-specific characteristics on the cross-section of equity returns of insurance companies in Nepal. For this purpose, the study used 22 insurance companies listed in the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE), comprising seven life and 15 non-life insurance companies. To make a balanced panel, those companies are selected as samples that have completed at least seven years of operation until the end of 2021 and are listed in NEPSE. The secondary data from 2015 to 2021 is analyzed using panel regression models. The Breusch-Pagan and Hausman tests are used to select the best panel model, and the random effect model is the best estimation model. The study reveals that systematic risk associated with the stock can explain the stock’s risk premium, proving that the notion of CAPM holds in the context of Nepal as stock beta is positive and significant in all tested models. Similarly, the book-to-market ratio is found to be negatively affecting the stock return. On the other hand, earning yield positively affects the stock return, and firm size negatively impacts equity returns. However, the investment rate and leverage are insignificant to affect equity returns. Therefore, stock investors are recommended to select alternatives based on systematic risk, earnings yield, and BM ratio. The findings also suggest to corporate policymakers that merger and acquisition cannot maximize shareholders’ wealth because it only increases paid-up capital, and this leads to decreased equity returns due to an increase in the book-to-market ratio and size of the firm.
本研究分析了尼泊尔保险公司特定特征对股权收益横截面的影响。为此,该研究使用了22家在尼泊尔证券交易所(NEPSE)上市的保险公司,包括7家人寿保险公司和15家非人寿保险公司。为了建立一个平衡的面板,这些公司被选为样本,这些公司在2021年底之前已经完成了至少7年的运营,并在NEPSE上市。利用面板回归模型对2015 - 2021年的二次数据进行分析。采用Breusch-Pagan和Hausman检验选择最佳面板模型,随机效应模型是最佳估计模型。研究表明,与股票相关的系统风险可以解释股票的风险溢价,证明CAPM的概念在尼泊尔的背景下成立,因为股票贝塔在所有测试模型中都是正的和显著的。同样,账面市值比也会对股票收益产生负面影响。另一方面,盈利收益率正向影响股票收益,公司规模负向影响股票收益。而投资率和杠杆对股权收益的影响不显著。因此,建议股票投资者根据系统性风险、收益收益率、账面市值比率等因素进行选择。研究结果还向企业决策者表明,并购不能最大限度地提高股东财富,因为它只增加了实收资本,这将导致由于账面市值比和公司规模的增加而导致股权回报的下降。
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引用次数: 0
Interplay of Financial Socialization, Financial Behavior, and Adult Financial Well-being 金融社会化、金融行为和成人财务健康的相互作用
Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.3126/md.v26i1.59149
Pradeep Acharya, Omkar Poudel
Financial well-being has significantly more importance in life than it used to be a few decades back, as more and more people face financial distress and financial problems. Concerning the importance of financial well-being, this study intends to unearth the impact of financial socialization and behavior on young adults' financial well-being. The study population was young individuals aged 18-29 years, and the responses were collected through an online questionnaire using Google Forms. The study adopted the quantitative approach, for which the data from 391 respondents was collected. Subsequently, the data was analyzed with the help of Smart-PLS, where reliability and validity were established, and the hypothesis and relation were tested through path analysis. The result indicated that financial socialization and financial behavior significantly impact young adults' financial well-being. However, financial behavior's impact was more significant than financial socialization. Thus, to increase the financial well-being of young adults, different educational programs that will positively impact financial socialization and behavior should be implemented, which may lead to financial stability and a strong financial base.
随着越来越多的人面临财务困境和财务问题,财务状况在生活中的重要性明显高于几十年前。就财务幸福感的重要性而言,本研究旨在探讨财务社会化和财务行为对青少年财务幸福感的影响。研究人群是年龄在18-29岁之间的年轻人,他们的回答是通过使用谷歌表格的在线问卷收集的。本研究采用定量方法,收集了391名受访者的数据。随后,使用Smart-PLS对数据进行分析,建立信度和效度,并通过通径分析对假设和关系进行检验。结果表明,理财社会化和理财行为对青年理财幸福感有显著影响。金融行为的影响大于金融社会化的影响。因此,为了增加年轻人的财务福利,应该实施不同的教育计划,这些计划将对金融社会化和行为产生积极影响,这可能会导致金融稳定和强大的金融基础。
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引用次数: 0
Financial Literacy and Investment Decisions in Nepalese Share Market 尼泊尔股票市场的金融知识与投资决策
Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.3126/md.v26i1.59147
Dhruba Prasad Subedi
This study examines the role of financial literacy on the investment decisions of investors in the Nepalese share market. Financial literacy is expressed in personal saving, risk tolerance, investment options, and financial knowledge. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire using the convenience sampling method from 384 respondents of Kathmandu Valley. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis have been used to analyze data. The study results revealed a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of financial literacy and investment decisions in the Nepalese share market. Low financial literacy and lack of financial information affect the ability to save and make sound financial decisions. Ignorance of basic financial concepts results in negative behavior in saving and investment decisions. The study suggests conducting financial education programs to help improve investors’ savings and financial decisions.
本研究考察了金融素养对尼泊尔股票市场投资者投资决策的影响。理财素养表现在个人储蓄、风险承受能力、投资选择和理财知识等方面。数据采用结构化问卷,采用方便抽样法从加德满都谷地的384名受访者中收集。数据分析采用Pearson相关分析和多元回归分析。研究结果显示,尼泊尔股票市场的金融素养维度与投资决策之间存在显著的正相关关系。低财务知识和缺乏财务信息会影响储蓄和做出合理财务决策的能力。对基本金融概念的无知导致储蓄和投资决策的消极行为。该研究建议开展金融教育项目,以帮助提高投资者的储蓄和财务决策。
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引用次数: 0
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Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy
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