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Hegel's totality as a necessary challenge for the possibility of achieving interculturalism: Polemical writings 黑格尔的整体作为实现跨文化主义的可能性的必要挑战:论战性著作
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2171009v
Aleksa Vukašinović
The paper presents a polemical examination of the possibility of achieving interculturalism in the context of Hegel's totality, as the truth and the state of the modern world. In considering this problem, we start from the basic concepts of Hegel's philosophy of Spirit, with the aim of providing insight into the key problems of totality in the Hegel's philosophical system. The dialectical relationship that operates within the Hegel's system of Spirit is considered, and the question of the philosophy of history is opened as a specific way of thinking about historical movement that directs us to re-examine the possibility of achieving interculturality in the modern global society. Overcoming the current historical totality - global capitalism, requires a re-confrontation with Hegel's philosophy and setting of a dialectic that exists at the core of the world in which we live. Also, the paper offers an attempt to consider alternative actions, steps towards the realization of the idea and practice of interculturality and the development of a dialectical response to the perverted Hegelian totality that marks the present.
本文提出了在黑格尔的总体性背景下实现跨文化主义的可能性的争论性检查,作为现代世界的真理和状态。在思考这个问题时,我们从黑格尔精神哲学的基本概念出发,目的是洞察黑格尔哲学体系中整体性的关键问题。本文考察了黑格尔精神体系中运作的辩证关系,并将历史哲学问题作为一种思考历史运动的特定方式打开,引导我们重新审视在现代全球社会中实现跨文化性的可能性。克服当前的历史总体性——全球资本主义,需要与黑格尔哲学重新对抗,并在我们所生活的世界的核心设置辩证法。此外,本文还试图考虑实现跨文化性的理念和实践的替代行动、步骤,以及对标志着现在的扭曲的黑格尔整体性的辩证回应的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Cultural diplomacy of the people's Republic of China in the Western Balkans: Serbia from a comparative perspective 中华人民共和国在西巴尔干地区的文化外交:比较视角下的塞尔维亚
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2173035t
D. Trailović
The People's Republic of China has long sought to improve its image in the world through various and numerous forms of public and cultural diplomacy. Since China became one of the important and influential actors at international level, there was a need to change their perspective concerning others, but also to change the perspective of others concerning China. To achieve that, the People's Republic of China has begun to implement a proactive strategy of public and cultural diplomacy, which will promote it as a responsible great power and which will contribute to the formation of a positive narrative in international relations. The Chinese authorities, with several major initiatives involving economic, political and cultural strategies are seeking to improve and promote their country's image as a trusted political and economic partner. In the process, culture and cultural exchange are becoming one of China's most important tools for increasing its soft power. As these initiatives include the Western Balkans, and thus the Republic of Serbia, China, as elsewhere, uses various methods and instruments of cultural diplomacy, ranging from Confucius Institutes and academic cooperation to the internationalization of the Chinese media as well as Chinese presence in the media of these countries. Accordingly, the aim of the paper is to present and describe how these instruments work in the Western Balkans, and how they are applied in the Republic of Serbia in comparison with other countries in the region.
中华人民共和国长期以来一直寻求通过各种形式的公共外交和文化外交来改善其在世界上的形象。由于中国成为国际上重要和有影响力的行动者之一,因此有必要改变他们对他人的看法,也需要改变他人对中国的看法。为了实现这一目标,中华人民共和国已开始实施积极主动的公共外交和文化外交战略,这将促进中国成为一个负责任的大国,并将有助于在国际关系中形成积极的叙事。中国当局通过几项涉及经济、政治和文化战略的重大举措,正在寻求改善和提升中国作为一个值得信赖的政治和经济伙伴的形象。在这个过程中,文化和文化交流正在成为中国增强软实力的最重要工具之一。由于这些倡议包括西巴尔干和塞尔维亚共和国,中国和其他地方一样,使用各种文化外交方法和工具,从孔子学院和学术合作到中国媒体的国际化以及中国在这些国家媒体中的存在。因此,本文的目的是介绍和描述这些文书如何在西巴尔干发挥作用,以及与该区域其他国家相比,这些文书如何在塞尔维亚共和国适用。
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引用次数: 0
Symbolism of the heart 心的象征意义
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2171235s
Jelena Subotić-Krivokapić
From the earliest times, the heart has been one of the most studied organs. We can find records about this organ dating from the very beginning of written history, and we understand that different beliefs have been associated with it before. Very early on, people have noticed that the heart occupies a central place in the body, that the cessation of its work means death in both humans and animals, and that excitement changes the rhythm and the manner of its functioning. However, in addition to the physiological function of this organ, throughout history, the heart has been given various magical and religious meanings. In today's world, the heart has overcome the notion of a sign and has become a symbol of love, connection between people and affection. In this paper, different meanings of this symbol throughout history to the present day are presented, with the aim of understanding it in a cultural context.
自古以来,心脏一直是研究最多的器官之一。我们可以找到关于这个器官的记录,可以追溯到有文字记载的历史的最开始,我们知道以前有不同的信仰与它有关。很早的时候,人们就注意到心脏在人体中占有中心地位,心脏停止工作对人和动物都意味着死亡,兴奋会改变心脏工作的节奏和方式。然而,除了这个器官的生理功能外,纵观历史,心脏还被赋予了各种神奇和宗教意义。在当今世界,心已经超越了符号的概念,成为爱的象征,人与人之间的联系和感情的象征。在本文中,这一符号从历史到现在的不同含义被呈现出来,目的是在文化背景下理解它。
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引用次数: 0
The post-postmodern subject: The role of narrative imagination in construing of the subject 后后现代主体:叙事想象在主体建构中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2171055p
V. Popović
The so-called "postmodern turn" has produced a sense of turmoil in contemporary philosophy and the humanities, subverting the Western mind and provoking doubts in its existence, sense of meaning and purpose. It disputes almost all basic premises of modernity. For example, notions such as: the self, the subject, imagination, became a target of vicious attacks by postmodern thinkers. Counter to the modern notion of the subject, the postmodern subject lacks an essential core of identity: it is fragmented, decentered, in the process of perpetual change or disintegration. A "thinking and reflecting" subject who looks inward to inspect the self is denied, as neither such an interiorized being that examines, conceptualize and interacts with others, nor interiority as such, exist. The subject is nowadays advised to search outward for the ways to interact with the social world, because this a privileged way of construing one's self. In similar fashion, imagination is obliterated and devoid of its creative powers. The "imaginary", as a reference to an impersonal entity, is substituted for the notion of imagination. While the latter stands for an "author" or "creator" who produces or creates images, the former is nothing creative in itself. The outcome is that, in the postmodern theory, the imagination is seen as an obsolete mental ability which is deposed of its power to create meaning. My intention in this paper is not to reanimate the modern notions of the self, the subject and imagination, but rather to consent with the postmodern verdict and proceed onward. It is my intention to build a post-postmodern notion of the self. The purpose of my paper is to introduce a post-Jungian account of the importance that the narrative and imagination have in human life for the constitution of subjectivity and the self.
所谓的“后现代转向”在当代哲学和人文学科中产生了一种动荡感,颠覆了西方的思维,引发了对其存在感、意义感和目的感的质疑。它对现代性的几乎所有基本前提都提出了质疑。例如,自我、主体、想象等概念成为后现代思想家恶毒攻击的目标。与现代主体概念相反,后现代主体缺乏身份的基本核心:它是碎片化的、去中心化的,处于不断变化或解体的过程中。一个向内审视自我的“思考和反思”主体被否定了,因为既不存在这样一个审视、概念化和与他人互动的内化存在,也不存在这样的内在性。如今,这个主题被建议向外寻找与社会世界互动的方式,因为这是一种构建自我的特权方式。同样,想象力也被抹去,失去了创造力。“想象”,作为一个非个人实体的参考,取代了想象的概念。后者代表“作者”或“创造者”,他们生产或创造图像,而前者本身没有任何创造性。结果是,在后现代理论中,想象力被视为一种过时的精神能力,被剥夺了创造意义的能力。我在这篇文章中的意图并不是要重新激活自我、主体和想象的现代概念,而是同意后现代的结论并继续前进。我的目的是建立一个后后现代的自我概念。我这篇论文的目的是介绍一种后荣格的叙事和想象在人类生活中对主体性和自我构成的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Aesthetics and its importance for education in art 美学及其对艺术教育的重要性
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2171089r
A. Ratković
The author of this paper seeks to draw public attention to the position and importance of aesthetics for education in art. Therefore, this paper will present some critical deliberations about the significance of modern education in art, aiming at finding potential answers to the following question: What are the new conceptions of education in art? Within the framework of philosophy of art and bearing in mind some of the leading (pre)aesthetic conceptions of art, the abovementioned question will be broken down into its key aspects in order to emphasize its complexity, and also the inability to provide a final and universally applicable answer. In that regard, special attention will be paid to deliberations about contemporary tendencies regarding education in art, in order to highlight possible challenges and potentials regarding the artist, the recipient of a work of art, and, finally, the art theorist. These tendencies will be analysed with regard to insights into current cultural and artistic practice, as well as the social phenomena (in)directly affecting them.
本文的作者试图引起公众对美学在艺术教育中的地位和重要性的关注。因此,本文将对现代艺术教育的意义进行一些批判性的思考,旨在为以下问题找到潜在的答案:艺术教育的新概念是什么?在艺术哲学的框架内,并考虑到艺术的一些主要(前)美学概念,为了强调其复杂性,以及无法提供最终和普遍适用的答案,上述问题将被分解为其关键方面。在这方面,将特别关注对当代艺术教育趋势的讨论,以突出艺术家、艺术作品接受者以及艺术理论家可能面临的挑战和潜力。这些趋势将被分析关于当前的文化和艺术实践的见解,以及直接影响他们的社会现象。
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引用次数: 0
Features of cultural diplomacy of the United States of America 美国文化外交的特点
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2173069l
Mladen Lišanin
The objective of the article is to shed light on the historical and intellectual frameworks within which the concept of American cultural diplomacy has emerged and transformed, as well as to identify the features of its theoretical formulations and practical application. American historical experience, first the inter-war, and subsequently World War II and Cold War, essentially determined the ways in which the diplomatic system of the United States developed. Academic and social debates on the role and significance of culture in pursuing national interest have been, and remained until today, reflections of international system transformations and the American position therein. The superpower experience during the bipolar system of the Cold War, as well as subsequent incomparable status of the global hegemony during the post-Cold War "unipolar moment", has shaped the practice of American diplomacy in a way which occasionally blurred the difference between the natures and extents of military and cultural dominance of the US. This is evident from the case of American cultural-diplomatic relations with Serbia and former Yugoslavia, analyzed in the third section of the paper. The key finding is that, in the context of great power politics, the cultural aspect of foreign policy functions only in cooperation with the military-strategic aspect; thus, only cultural influence purposefully exerted as part of general diplomatic efforts can be considered cultural diplomacy.
本文的目的是揭示美国文化外交概念产生和转变的历史和思想框架,并确定其理论构想和实际应用的特点。美国的历史经验,首先是两次世界大战之间的经历,随后是第二次世界大战和冷战,从本质上决定了美国外交体系的发展方式。关于文化在追求国家利益中的作用和意义的学术和社会辩论一直是,并且直到今天仍然是对国际体系变革和美国在其中的地位的反映。冷战两极体系中的超级大国经验,以及冷战后“单极时刻”中无可比拟的全球霸权地位,在某种程度上塑造了美国的外交实践,偶尔模糊了美国军事和文化优势的性质和程度之间的差异。这一点从本文第三部分分析的美国与塞尔维亚和前南斯拉夫的文化外交关系中可以明显看出。关键的发现是,在大国政治的背景下,外交政策的文化方面只有与军事战略方面合作才能发挥作用;因此,只有作为一般外交努力的一部分有目的地施加文化影响才能被视为文化外交。
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引用次数: 0
Some examples of interaction between dominant and non-dominant models in history of thought 思想史上主导模式和非主导模式相互作用的一些例子
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2171151m
Aleksandar Milanković
What are the types of interaction between dominant and non-dominant models in history of ideas? Is it the case that dominant paradigms of thought and "absolute pre-suppositions" of one age are permeated with non-dominant, different or even opposite sets of ideas, pre-suppositions and beliefs? If so, to what extent? Is it possible to control trajectories of ideas, their circulation and historical interactions in processes of suppressing the non-dominant models (by eradicating material traces and destroying their proponents)? How do suppressed ideas influence dominant models of thought?
在思想史上,主导模式和非主导模式之间的互动类型是什么?一个时代的主导思想范式和“绝对预设”是否渗透着非主导的、不同的、甚至相反的思想、预设和信仰?如果是,到什么程度?在压制非主导模式的过程中(通过消除物质痕迹和摧毁其支持者),是否有可能控制思想的轨迹、它们的循环和历史的相互作用?被压抑的想法是如何影响主流思维模式的?
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引用次数: 0
Industrial heritage and creative initiatives as catalysts of event tourism 工业遗产和创意举措是活动旅游的催化剂
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2171124j
Aleksandra Jevtović
The concept of sustainable urban development requires re-purposing of buildings and areas in service of local communities. Industrial complexes which are no longer used for their original purpose are often left to degrade, simply because their demolition requires large investments. In such circumstances, creative sector initiatives were proved to be of multiple importance. They do not require too much of financial investment and do provide authentic solutions for the given problem. Innovation in that domain significantly contributes to the tourism industry, in particular to some forms of selective tourism and to outbound markets whose demands are increasingly difficult to be satisfied by mass tourism products. Among examples from practice, the case of "Ciglana" in Karaburma (Brick factory) in Belgrade stands distinguished, as a place where the festival "Dev9t" dedicated to creativity has been organized. This area contains the memory of various layers and stages of Belgrade's industrialization and it is not under institutional protection. In this paper, the process of its adaptive reuse was discussed, as well as new meanings assigned to it by the festival activities.
可持续城市发展的概念要求重新设计建筑物和区域,为当地社区服务。由于拆除工业综合体需要大量投资,因此不再按原来的用途使用的工业综合体往往只能任其退化。在这种情况下,创意部门的倡议被证明具有多重重要性。它们不需要太多的财政投入,并且确实为给定的问题提供了真实的解决方案。这一领域的创新大大有助于旅游业,特别是对某些形式的选择性旅游和大众旅游产品日益难以满足其需求的出境市场作出贡献。在实践的例子中,贝尔格莱德卡拉布尔马(砖厂)的“Ciglana”案例脱颖而出,作为一个致力于创造力的“Dev9t”节组织的地方。这个区域包含了贝尔格莱德工业化的各个层次和阶段的记忆,它不受制度保护。本文讨论了它的适应性再利用过程,以及节日活动赋予它的新意义。
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引用次数: 0
Legacies to the collection of coins and medals of the Belgrade City Museum 遗留到贝尔格莱德城市博物馆的硬币和奖章收藏
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2171179v
Jelena Vasić-Derimanović
Two of the twenty-eight legacies to the Belgrade City Museum are found in the "Collection of Money and Medals": the bequests of Đorđe Novaković and Svetozar St. Dušanić. These collections were donated to the Museum in the 1970s. After a brief review of the concept and the legal status of legacies in view of the Serbian cultural milieu and policies, the paper demonstrates a study of two bequests - the paper banknotes and the Roman coins from the "Collection for Money and Medals". In addition to the short history of each legacy, the manner in which they were formed, including their contents, an attempt was made to search available documentation in the museum archives to demonstrate how the collections were donated to the Museum and "established" as legacies. The work also considers to what extent and with what success the Museum activities have been carried out in practice, namely: preservation, conservation, restoration and documentation filing, as well as communication activities which include exhibitions and education
贝尔格莱德城市博物馆的28件遗产中有两件在“金钱和奖章收藏”中找到:Đorđe novakoviic和Svetozar St. Dušanić的遗赠。这些藏品是在20世纪70年代捐赠给博物馆的。在简要回顾了遗产的概念和法律地位之后,鉴于塞尔维亚的文化环境和政策,本文展示了对两种遗赠的研究-纸币和罗马硬币“收集金钱和奖章”。除了每件遗产的短暂历史、形成方式及其内容外,还试图搜索博物馆档案中的现有文件,以证明这些藏品是如何捐赠给博物馆并“确立”为遗产的。这项工作还考虑到博物馆的活动在实践中进行的程度和成功程度,即:保存,保存,修复和文件存档,以及包括展览和教育在内的交流活动
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引用次数: 0
A composite image of the state: The role of collections in the cultural diplomacy of the early modern state 国家的综合形象:收藏品在早期现代国家文化外交中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/kultura2173097t
Jelena Todorović
A new form of identity that emerged in the late Renaissance grew even more vivid in the Baroque Age. It was a novel, complex type of identity, that was fashioned by the individual, according to social norms and expectations. That type of identity was often immortalised in the painted or sculpted portraits, but not only there. The image that one left for posterity could have been a manifold one, represented in lavish libraries and the first cabinets of curiosities. Simultaneously with the development of the first collections as mirrors of identity, grew a parallel notion where a collection surpassed the confines of the particular and became a symbolic signifier of the collective identity of the state. The role of the collections in the cultural diplomacy of the early modern state are the main topic of this article. But in order to be fully understood, this mechanism would need to be explained first on the individual and then on a wider plane.
文艺复兴晚期出现的一种新形式的身份在巴洛克时代变得更加鲜明。这是一种新奇而复杂的身份,是由个人根据社会规范和期望塑造的。这种身份往往在绘画或雕刻肖像中不朽,但不仅仅是在那里。一个人留给后代的形象可能是多种多样的,在豪华的图书馆和第一批珍品柜中都有体现。与此同时,作为身份镜子的第一批收藏品的发展,也产生了一个平行的概念,即收藏品超越了特定的界限,成为国家集体身份的象征性象征。本文主要探讨的是近代早期国家文化外交中馆藏的作用。但为了完全理解,这一机制需要首先在个体上进行解释,然后在更广泛的层面上进行解释。
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引用次数: 0
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Kultura Skopje
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