Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9707
E. Fouad, Fatma S. Ahmed, M. Moustafa
Cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) is a key pest affecting many field crops and vegetables in Egypt. Therefore, in the current study, the susceptibility of the 2nd instar larvae of S. littoralis laboratory strain to eight insecticides was investigated and the insecticide resistance levels of two field populations were monitored. The two populations were collected from two governorates in Egypt, namely El-Monufia (MS) and El-Fayoum (FS). Resistance monitoring showed that the field population from El-Fayoum was highly resistant to chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate (EMB), spinotram, and spinosad. However, the El-Monufia field population only exhibited high resistance to chlorantraniliprole and spinosad. The relative toxicity showed that the laboratory strain is highly sensitive to EMB (LC50= 0.001 ppm) followed by spinotram (LC50= 0.006 ppm), chlorantraniliprole (LC50= 0.008 ppm), spinosad (LC50= 0.008 ppm), and indoxacarb (LC50= 0.021 ppm), while chlorfenapyr, fipronil, and alpha-cypermethrin exhibited low toxicity to the laboratory strain of S. littoralis. Moreover, the biochemical determinations of detoxification enzymes revealed that carboxylesterase (α, and β -esterase), and AChE activity were significantly increased in the FS population. Thus, Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) showed significant increase in the two populations.
{"title":"Monitoring and biochemical impact of insecticides resistance \u0000on field populations of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) \u0000(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Egypt","authors":"E. Fouad, Fatma S. Ahmed, M. Moustafa","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9707","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) is a key pest affecting many field crops and vegetables in Egypt. Therefore, in the current study, the susceptibility of the 2nd instar larvae of S. littoralis laboratory strain to eight insecticides was investigated and the insecticide resistance levels of two field populations were monitored. The two populations were collected from two governorates in Egypt, namely El-Monufia (MS) and El-Fayoum (FS). Resistance monitoring showed that the field population from \u0000El-Fayoum was highly resistant to chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate (EMB), spinotram, and spinosad. However, the El-Monufia field population only exhibited high resistance to chlorantraniliprole and spinosad. The relative toxicity showed that the laboratory strain is highly sensitive to EMB (LC50= 0.001 ppm) followed by spinotram (LC50= 0.006 ppm), chlorantraniliprole (LC50= 0.008 ppm), spinosad (LC50= 0.008 ppm), and indoxacarb (LC50= 0.021 ppm), while chlorfenapyr, fipronil, and alpha-cypermethrin exhibited low toxicity to the laboratory strain of S. littoralis. Moreover, the biochemical determinations of detoxification enzymes revealed that carboxylesterase (α, and β -esterase), and AChE activity were significantly increased in the FS population. Thus, Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) showed significant increase in the two populations.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48666212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8946
Barbara Mangová, M. Semelbauer, Yuliya M. Didyk, Terézia Lučeničová, Zlatica Országhová
The aim of this study was to determine the species composition and structure of thrush nest oribatocenoses under urban conditions in Slovakia and Germany and to further determine the influence of some environmental variables on the oribatid mite community. A total of 1,623 individuals of oribatids in different stages of their life cycles belonging to 53 species and 24 families were identified in a total of 43 nests. Of these, 24 species were recorded in Slovakia, 45 species were recorded in Germany, 20 species occurred in song thrush nests, and 49 species occurred in Eurasian blackbird nests. A total of 17 species were common to both types of nests. A total of thirty species recorded in this study were found in bird nests for the first time. There was a significant difference between the nest species compositions in different localities and between the nest oribatocenosis abundances for the two studied thrush species.
{"title":"Oribatid communities (Acari: Oribatida) associated with bird’s nests - microhabitats in urban environment","authors":"Barbara Mangová, M. Semelbauer, Yuliya M. Didyk, Terézia Lučeničová, Zlatica Országhová","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8946","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the species composition and structure of thrush nest oribatocenoses under urban conditions in Slovakia and Germany and to further determine the influence of some environmental variables on the oribatid mite community. A total of 1,623 individuals of oribatids in different stages of their life cycles belonging to 53 species and 24 families were identified in a total of 43 nests. Of these, 24 species were recorded in Slovakia, 45 species were recorded in Germany, 20 species occurred in song thrush nests, and 49 species occurred in Eurasian blackbird nests. A total of 17 species were common to both types of nests. A total of thirty species recorded in this study were found in bird nests for the first time. There was a significant difference between the nest species compositions in different localities and between the nest oribatocenosis abundances for the two studied thrush species.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43262850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9179
A. Negm, D. Elsayed, A. M. El Shafei, A. Mosallam, Shireen Ahmed Mahmoud Maamoun
The peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered a major destructive pest for fruits and some vegetables. Toxicity of Spinosad mixtures with each lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) oils were evaluated against Bactocera zonata (Saunders, 1841) adults in a lab by feeding method. The study proved that mixing LC25 of spinosad with LC25 of the plant oils showed a high percentage of mortalities than using each compound individually. The mixture of spinosad with each lemongrass and sesame oil strongly affected the longevity of males (39.66 and 35.66 days) and females (54.33 and 53.33 days), respectively. Also treating insects with the tested mixtures adversely affected the egg numbers(28.7, 21.3), hatchability (46.66 and 33.33) of the deposited eggs, percentage of pupation (29.0 and 42.0), and percentage of adult emergence (20.33 and 36.66). Fractionation of proteins by SDS-PAGE showed that some protein bands were missed or expressed under stress of the spinosad, lemon grass, sesame oil and their mixtures.
{"title":"Synergistic activity of lemongrass and sesame oils on spinosad: A new approach to control the peach fruit fly; Bactrocera zonata (Saunders, 1841), referring to their effect on the adult biological and protein aspects","authors":"A. Negm, D. Elsayed, A. M. El Shafei, A. Mosallam, Shireen Ahmed Mahmoud Maamoun","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9179","url":null,"abstract":"The peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered a major destructive pest for fruits and some vegetables. Toxicity of Spinosad mixtures with each lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) oils were evaluated against Bactocera zonata (Saunders, 1841) adults in a lab by feeding method. The study proved that mixing LC25 of spinosad with LC25 of the plant oils showed a high percentage of mortalities than using each compound individually. The mixture of spinosad with each lemongrass and sesame oil strongly affected the longevity of males (39.66 and 35.66 days) and females (54.33 and 53.33 days), respectively. Also treating insects with the tested mixtures adversely affected the egg numbers(28.7, 21.3), hatchability (46.66 and 33.33) of the deposited eggs, percentage of pupation (29.0 and 42.0), and percentage of adult emergence (20.33 and 36.66). Fractionation of proteins by SDS-PAGE showed that some protein bands were missed or expressed under stress of the spinosad, lemon grass, sesame oil and their mixtures.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45357137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effects of UV-C irradiation on the size of male and female reproductive organs, reproductive performance and total protein amount in reproductive organs of Tribolium castaneum Herbst (1797) resulted from 0-d-old pupae exposed to 1-to-64 min were determined. UV-C irradiation from 4 to 64 min, resulted in a reduction in size of the gonads. The degree of atrophy increased as the increase of irradiation time where long duration of radiation resulted in decreasing on the size of testicular lobe, rod-shape accessory gland, tubular accessory gland and lacking of seminal vesicle in male beetle. Radiation for more than 4 min also reduced the size of germarium, lateral oviduct and lacking oocyte in ovarioles. No egg chamber formed in UV-C radiation groups for 8, 16, 32, and 64 min. Reciprocal crosses of female adults emerging from UV-C radiated pupae for 4 min and control or UV-C radiated male showed the decreased number of eggs laid and hatching rate compared to the control. Interestingly, the sterility index was 100% when UV-C radiated male was mated with UV-C radiated female. In addition, UV-C radiation clearly reduced the total protein amount in the reproductive organs of T. castaneum which correlate with the reduction on the size of reproductive organs.
{"title":"Adverse effects of UV-C irradiation on the morphology of reproductive organs, fecundity, and fertility of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera; Tenebrionidae)","authors":"Jatuporn Tungjitwitayakul, Tipwan Suppasat, Nujira Tatun","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8555","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of UV-C irradiation on the size of male and female reproductive organs, reproductive performance and total protein amount in reproductive organs of Tribolium castaneum Herbst (1797) resulted from 0-d-old pupae exposed to 1-to-64 min were determined. UV-C irradiation from 4 to 64 min, resulted in a reduction in size of the gonads. The degree of atrophy increased as the increase of irradiation time where long duration of radiation resulted in decreasing on the size of testicular lobe, rod-shape accessory gland, tubular accessory gland and lacking of seminal vesicle in male beetle. Radiation for more than 4 min also reduced the size of germarium, lateral oviduct and lacking oocyte in ovarioles. No egg chamber formed in UV-C radiation groups for 8, 16, 32, and 64 min. Reciprocal crosses of female adults emerging from UV-C radiated pupae for 4 min and control or UV-C radiated male showed the decreased number of eggs laid and hatching rate compared to the control. Interestingly, the sterility index was 100% when UV-C radiated male was mated with UV-C radiated female. In addition, UV-C radiation clearly reduced the total protein amount in the reproductive organs of T. castaneum which correlate with the reduction on the size of reproductive organs.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46687512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8243
Łukasz Matuszewski, R. Wasala
The article reports on the first record of Stegania trimaculata (de Villers, 1789) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) from western Poland. Its distribution in Europe and beyond is discussed, with particular focus on its eastward expansion and possible colonization of western Poland. The presence of this species in Asian countries is questioned in the light of possible confusion with Stegania dilectaria (Hübner, 1790) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae).
{"title":"First record of Stegania trimaculata (de Villers, 1789) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) in Poland, with comments on its distribution in Europe","authors":"Łukasz Matuszewski, R. Wasala","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8243","url":null,"abstract":"The article reports on the first record of Stegania trimaculata (de Villers, 1789) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) from western Poland. Its distribution in Europe and beyond is discussed, with particular focus on its eastward expansion and possible colonization of western Poland. The presence of this species in Asian countries is questioned in the light of possible confusion with Stegania dilectaria (Hübner, 1790) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae).\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49057413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.7350
D. Elsayed, A. M. El Shafei, A. Mosallam, A. Negm, Shireen Ahmed Mahmoud Maamoun
Toxicity and biology studies were conducted on certain insecticides that belong to different chemical groups, namely malathion (organophosphate group), lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroid group), and spinosad (Benzophenyl urea group), and on lemon-grass and sesame oils as natural oils against adult male and female Bactrocera zonata (Saunders, 1841). They were carried out under laboratory conditions, and results were taken after 24h post treatment. Lambda-cyhalothrin was the most toxic on males and females of B. zonata at LC25 of 0.017 and 0.04, followed by spinosad with LC25 of 1.15 and 1.29, respectively. However, malathion was the least toxic to males and females, showing LC25 of 18.53 and 12.24, respectively. The same results were obtained at LC50, as lambda-cyhalothrin was the superior toxicant with LC50 of 0.65 and 1.008, followed by spinosad of 2.56 and 3.53, respectively. Furthermore, the natural sesame oil, Sesamum indicum (Linnaeus, 1753), was more toxic than lemon-grass oil to the males of B. zonata with LC25 of 0.06 and 0.08, respectively. Lemon-grass oil, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf, 1906), was more toxic to females than sesame oil with LC25 of 0.05 and 0.07, respectively. At LC50, lemon-grass was more toxic than sesame on both males and females. In addition to the biological effects, results showed a significant reduction in the oviposition and post-oviposition periods of adults treated with different tested compounds, compared to the control group. Moreover, all tested compounds significantly decreased fecundity, hatchability, longevity, pupation, and the emergence of B. zonata adults, when compared to the untreated groups.
{"title":"Toxicity and biological effects of certain pesticides and natural oils on the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders, 1841) (Diptera: Tephritidae)","authors":"D. Elsayed, A. M. El Shafei, A. Mosallam, A. Negm, Shireen Ahmed Mahmoud Maamoun","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.7350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7350","url":null,"abstract":"Toxicity and biology studies were conducted on certain insecticides that belong to different chemical groups, namely malathion (organophosphate group), lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroid group), and spinosad (Benzophenyl urea group), and on lemon-grass and sesame oils as natural oils against adult male and female Bactrocera zonata (Saunders, 1841). They were carried out under laboratory conditions, and results were taken after 24h post treatment. Lambda-cyhalothrin was the most toxic on males and females of B. zonata at LC25 of 0.017 and 0.04, followed by spinosad with LC25 of 1.15 and 1.29, respectively. However, malathion was the least toxic to males and females, showing LC25 of 18.53 and 12.24, respectively. The same results were obtained at LC50, as lambda-cyhalothrin was the superior toxicant with LC50 of 0.65 and 1.008, followed by spinosad of 2.56 and 3.53, respectively. Furthermore, the natural sesame oil, Sesamum indicum (Linnaeus, 1753), was more toxic than lemon-grass oil to the males of B. zonata with LC25 of 0.06 and 0.08, respectively. Lemon-grass oil, Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf, 1906), was more toxic to females than sesame oil with LC25 of 0.05 and 0.07, respectively. At LC50, lemon-grass was more toxic than sesame on both males and females. In addition to the biological effects, results showed a significant reduction in the oviposition and post-oviposition periods of adults treated with different tested compounds, compared to the control group. Moreover, all tested compounds significantly decreased fecundity, hatchability, longevity, pupation, and the emergence of B. zonata adults, when compared to the untreated groups.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46368509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The biodiversity of the invertebrate community in the soil is greatly influenced by the presence of earthworms, which are also influenced by variations in the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the soil as well as the climate and the entire ecosystem that surrounds it. Biodiversity under an olive tree growing in a cold semi-arid climate with specific agricultural practices is the subject of this study, while highlighting the particular effect of earthworms on invertebrates collected by naked eye and by the Berlese extractor from a soil volume of 30cm3, in ten sites under the adjacent periphery of olive trees randomly designated from an orchard of 45 years old in Ain Touta region in eastern Algeria in spring period of 2020 years. A large variability in the diversity and evenness indexes is recorded between the study sites. It reached a value of H'= 1.78 and E = 0.85 at site where there is a greatest abundance of earthworms. The dominance index is between C=0 and C= 0.12. The results show a greater number of earthworm with an average of (130.00 I/m2±69.10), and average biomass of (83.36 g/m2± 53.31). The percentage of juvenile is higher than adult worms. Pearson correlation matrix reveals a strong negative effect of adult worms on Acari with -0.90, then on the Carabids with -0.74. The principal component analysis allowed a finding of the significant effect of adult, the abundance worms and their biomass on Acari, Carabids and small Dipteran larvae.
{"title":"Earthworm effect on invertebrate community under Olive tree ecosystem in Semi-arid Region of Algeria","authors":"Ghanem Kourteli Nadra, Allaoua Noua, Houadef Houria, Ikhlef Randa","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.7768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.7768","url":null,"abstract":"The biodiversity of the invertebrate community in the soil is greatly influenced by the presence of earthworms, which are also influenced by variations in the physicochemical and biological characteristics of the soil as well as the climate and the entire ecosystem that surrounds it. Biodiversity under an olive tree growing in a cold semi-arid climate with specific agricultural practices is the subject of this study, while highlighting the particular effect of earthworms on invertebrates collected by naked eye and by the Berlese extractor from a soil volume of 30cm3, in ten sites under the adjacent periphery of olive trees randomly designated from an orchard of 45 years old in Ain Touta region in eastern Algeria in spring period of 2020 years. A large variability in the diversity and evenness indexes is recorded between the study sites. It reached a value of H'= 1.78 and E = 0.85 at site where there is a greatest abundance of earthworms. The dominance index is between C=0 and C= 0.12. The results show a greater number of earthworm with an average of (130.00 I/m2±69.10), and average biomass of (83.36 g/m2± 53.31). The percentage of juvenile is higher than adult worms. Pearson correlation matrix reveals a strong negative effect of adult worms on Acari with -0.90, then on the Carabids with -0.74. The principal component analysis allowed a finding of the significant effect of adult, the abundance worms and their biomass on Acari, Carabids and small Dipteran larvae.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47078062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8139
D. Embaby, A. Gabarty, A. Abass, E. El-said
The current laboratory study investigates the effect of low doses of gamma irradiation range of (5-50 Gy) cesium cell- 137 on the different developmental stages eggs, 1st, 2nd , 3rd instars larvae and pupae of peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata. In addition to that the evaluation of phytosanitary irradiation dose on 3rd instar larvae and their effects on the biochemical quality of guava fruits were proven. The findings indicate that irradiation of eggs with dose 25Gy prevents adult emergence, while the dose 45Gy prevents pupation and the dose 50Gy prevents the hatchability of eggs. Moreover, exposure of larvae with the dose 50 Gy resulted in 98.5, 91 and 86 % mortality for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars larvae, respectively. No adult emergence was reported in 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars at the dose level 30, 35 and 45 Gy, respectively. The 3rd instar larvae appeared to be the most tolerant stage to radiation treatment than the 2nd and 1st larval instars. When adult emergence was used as a criterion for determination of the effective irradiation dose, 50 Gy was adopted for phytosanitary irradiation dose for B. zonata. Large scale confirmatory tests were applied to 25,000 3rd instar larvae of B. zonata in guava fruits resulting in non- F1 adults’ production with a confidence level of 91.8%. In conclusion, the irradiation dose of 50 Gy induces the inhibition of adult emergence of 3rd instar larvae and is suggested as a possible minimum dose for phytosanitary treatment of B. zonata fruit fly without causing significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on some biochemical characteristics of guava fruits.
{"title":"Low Doses Gamma Irradiation as Quarantine Treatment \u0000for Controlling Bactrocera zonata (Saund, 1841) \u0000and Its Impact on Guava Fruits Quality","authors":"D. Embaby, A. Gabarty, A. Abass, E. El-said","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8139","url":null,"abstract":"The current laboratory study investigates the effect of low doses of gamma irradiation range of (5-50 Gy) cesium cell- 137 on the different developmental stages eggs, 1st, 2nd , 3rd instars larvae and pupae of peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata. In addition to that the evaluation of phytosanitary irradiation dose on 3rd instar larvae and their effects on the biochemical quality of guava fruits were proven. The findings indicate that irradiation of eggs with dose 25Gy prevents adult emergence, while the dose 45Gy prevents pupation and the dose 50Gy prevents the hatchability of eggs. Moreover, exposure of larvae with the dose 50 Gy resulted in 98.5, 91 and 86 % mortality for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars larvae, respectively. No adult emergence was reported in 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars at the dose level 30, 35 and 45 Gy, respectively. The 3rd instar larvae appeared to be the most tolerant stage to radiation treatment than the 2nd and 1st larval instars. When adult emergence was used as a criterion for determination of the effective irradiation dose, 50 Gy was adopted for phytosanitary irradiation dose for B. zonata. Large scale confirmatory tests were applied to 25,000 3rd instar larvae of B. zonata in guava fruits resulting in non- F1 adults’ production with a confidence level of 91.8%. In conclusion, the irradiation dose of 50 Gy induces the inhibition of adult emergence of 3rd instar larvae and is suggested as a possible minimum dose for phytosanitary treatment of B. zonata fruit fly without causing significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on some biochemical characteristics of guava fruits.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44362643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8099
D. Takov, Peter Vladislavov Ostoich, M. Zúbrik, Daniela Kirilova Pilarska
Among insects orders, Blattodea and Orthoptera are characteristic with their high significance to human habitation, as posing medical and agricultural problems. Representatives of Blattodea have an important role as carriers of a number of infectious diseases in humans and animals, and are directly related to human life and activities. On the other hand Orthoptera are very significant as agricultural pests that cause great damage to plants. The study of the mechanisms of immune defense and the processes related to the response against pathogenic infections in these two orders is of interest in order to more fully clarify the possibilities for management and control of their populations. This review summarizes the information on the defense mechanisms (hemocytes, antimicrobial peptides, pathogen recognition, signaling patways, immune and antiviral responses) studied in representatives of these two orders. The list includes 30 species of cockroaches and termites and 59 orthopteran species, and focuses on species with medical significance (Periplaneta americana, Blattella germanica) and insect pests for agriculture such as Locusta migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria.
{"title":"Immune and defense mechanisms in representatives of Blattodea and Orthoptera: a review","authors":"D. Takov, Peter Vladislavov Ostoich, M. Zúbrik, Daniela Kirilova Pilarska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8099","url":null,"abstract":"Among insects orders, Blattodea and Orthoptera are characteristic with their high significance to human habitation, as posing medical and agricultural problems. Representatives of Blattodea have an important role as carriers of a number of infectious diseases in humans and animals, and are directly related to human life and activities. On the other hand Orthoptera are very significant as agricultural pests that cause great damage to plants. The study of the mechanisms of immune defense and the processes related to the response against pathogenic infections in these two orders is of interest in order to more fully clarify the possibilities for management and control of their populations. This review summarizes the information on the defense mechanisms (hemocytes, antimicrobial peptides, pathogen recognition, signaling patways, immune and antiviral responses) studied in representatives of these two orders. The list includes 30 species of cockroaches and termites and 59 orthopteran species, and focuses on species with medical significance (Periplaneta americana, Blattella germanica) and insect pests for agriculture such as Locusta migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47258171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.5968
D. Świerczewski, T. Bourgoin, A. Stroiński
A new monospecific genus of flatid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae), Makaya gen. nov., is described for Makaya volontany sp. nov. (type species) from the island of Madagascar. Habitus, male and female external and internal genital structures of the new species are illustrated and compared with related taxa. Makaya volontany is endemic to Madagascar where it is currently known from different types of dry forests in the western part of the island.
报道了马达加斯加岛飞虱属(半翅目:飞蛾目:飞虱科)Makaya gen. nov.(模式种)。对新种的习性、雌雄外、内生殖结构进行了图解，并与相关分类群进行了比较。Makaya volonany是马达加斯加特有的，目前人们从该岛西部不同类型的干燥森林中了解到它。
{"title":"Makaya gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae) from dry forests in western Madagascar","authors":"D. Świerczewski, T. Bourgoin, A. Stroiński","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.5968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5968","url":null,"abstract":"A new monospecific genus of flatid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae), Makaya gen. nov., is described for Makaya volontany sp. nov. (type species) from the island of Madagascar. Habitus, male and female external and internal genital structures of the new species are illustrated and compared with related taxa. Makaya volontany is endemic to Madagascar where it is currently known from different types of dry forests in the western part of the island.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":53438,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48470401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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