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Systematics and faunistics of Neotropical Euliina, 2: Direconta gen. n. 新热带桉属植物的分类学与特征,2:直连属。
Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0018
J. Razowski, V. Becker
Abstract The new euliine genus Direconta and its five new Brazilian species (D. gnesia sp. n., D. recondita sp. n., D. barrasiana sp. n., D. curitibana sp. n., and D. lentigana sp. n.) are described and illustrated.
摘要描述并举例说明了Direconta属及其五个巴西新种(D.gnesia sp.n,D.recodita sp.n、D.barrasiana sp.n.、D.curitibana sp.n和D.lentagana sp.n.)。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the chemical composition and bioactivity of essential oils from Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl. (Lauraceae), Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) and Stemona japonica (Miq.) (Stemonaceae) against Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) 樟树(樟科)、黑胡椒(胡椒科)和日本Stemona japonica(Miq.)(Stemonaceae)精油对鱼糜虫(Linnaeus,1758)(鞘翅目:Silvidae)的化学成分和生物活性评价
Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0016
T. A. Wagan, Xiang Li, H. Hua, W. Cai
Abstract Oryzaephilus surinamensis is a serious insect pest of many stored products. Repellency and fumigation tests were performed to manage it. Essential oils (EO) from three plants – Cinnamomum camphora, Piper nigrum and Stemona japonica – were tested on Oryzaephilus surinamensis in the laboratory. Repellency was tested on filter paper in Petri dishes at a concentration of 31.4 μg/cm2, and 20 adults (10 days old) were observed for repellency behaviour 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours after the bioassay without any food. Cinnamomum camphora EO was the strongest repellent (83.75 ± 1.83%), followed by the Piper nigrum and Stemona japonica EOs. The eggs were obtained by maintaining 20 individuals (males and females) for 24 h in a 100 mL glass jar containing 5 g of diet feed. To evaluate the effect of EO on the development of larvae and adults, a filter paper disc impregnated with 0.1 mL of EO was placed on the inner side of the lid of the jar containing the eggs and diet feed. After 40 days, the number of adults and larvae in the jar was counted. All three EOs exhibited bioactivity against the development of larvae and adults. A relatively low number of larvae and adults was recorded in Cinnamomum camphora, followed by Stemona japonica and Piper nigrum. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to identify the major compounds in the EOs. Further studies are recommended to evaluate their bioactivity against different insect pests in stored seeds.
摘要苏里南稻(Oryzaaephilus surinamensis)是许多贮藏产品中的一种严重害虫。通过驱避和熏蒸试验对其进行了治理,并在实验室对三种植物——香樟、胡椒和日本Stemona japonica的精油进行了研究。在培养皿中的滤纸上以31.4μg/cm2的浓度测试排斥性,在生物测定后12、24、48和96小时,在没有任何食物的情况下观察20名成年人(10天大)的排斥行为。香樟EO的驱避能力最强(83.75±1.83%),其次是胡椒和日本Stemona。通过将20只个体(雄性和雌性)在含有5g日粮的100mL玻璃罐中保持24小时来获得卵子。为了评估EO对幼虫和成虫发育的影响,将浸渍有0.1mL EO的滤纸盘放置在装有鸡蛋和日粮的罐子盖的内侧。40天后,对罐子中的成虫和幼虫数量进行计数。三种EOs均表现出对幼虫和成虫发育的生物活性。香樟的幼虫和成虫数量相对较低,其次是日本Stemona japonica和胡椒。气相色谱/质谱法用于鉴定EOs中的主要化合物。建议进一步研究其对储存种子中不同害虫的生物活性。
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引用次数: 0
Telmatogeton Schiner, 1866 (Chironomidae: Diptera), a newly recorded genus of chironomid larva for the Egyptian Mediterranean Fauna Telmatogeton Schiner,1866(摇蚊科:直翅目),埃及地中海动物群摇蚊幼虫的一个新记录属
Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0019
Khaled M. Abdelsalam
Abstract Sampling of fouling organisms carried out during January 2019 at Al-Max (west of the city of Alexandria) on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt revealed the presence of larval populations belonging to the genus Telmatogeton (Chironomidae), which is reported for the first time from the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The larvae were found among clumps of fine filamentous green algae (Enteromorpha compressa). A description of the larva with taxonomic remarks and comments on its ecology and geographical distribution are given.
2019年1月在埃及地中海沿岸的Al-Max(亚历山大市西部)进行的污染生物采样显示,存在属于Telmatogeton属(Chironomidae)的幼虫种群,这是首次在埃及地中海沿岸报道。幼虫在细丝状绿藻(Enteromorpha compressa)丛中发现。对其幼虫进行了分类描述,并对其生态和地理分布进行了评述。
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引用次数: 0
Trogossitidae, Lophocateridae, Peltidae and Thymalidae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea) of Poland: distribution, biology and conservation 波兰的Trogossitidae、Lophocateridae、Peltidae和Thymidae(鞘翅目:鞘翅目):分布、生物学和保护
Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0017
M. Miłkowski, J. Tatur-Dytkowski, J. Gutowski, R. Ruta, Janusz Grzywocz, S. Konwerski, R. Królik, D. Kubisz, A. Lasoń, A. Melke, T. Olbrycht, Henryk Szołtys, M. Wanat
Abstract Distributional data for 10 species of Peltidae, Lophocateridae, Trogossitidae and Thymalidae recorded from Poland are summarised, and numerous unpublished records are reported. Data on feeding and habitat preferences are analysed. Calitys scabra and Temnoscheila caerulea are probably extinct in Poland. Grynocharis oblonga, Nemozoma elongatum and Tenebroides mauritanicus are relatively common in Poland. Nemozoma caucasicum is currently spreading within Europe and several new records in Poland are reported. Peltis ferruginea, P. grossa, and Thymalus limbatus are restricted to natural forests in Poland, where they are sometimes abundant. We suggest adding Peltis ferruginea and Thymalus limbatus to the Polish Red List of Animals. The opinion that Grynocharis oblonga and Tenebroides mauritanicus are relicts of natural forests does not seem justified.
摘要总结了波兰记录的Peltidae、Lophocateridae、Trogossitidae和Thymalidae 10种的分布数据,并报告了许多未发表的记录。对喂养和栖息地偏好的数据进行了分析。scabra Calitys和caerulea Temnoscheila可能在波兰已经灭绝。Grynocharis oblonga、Nemozoma elongatum和Tenebroides mauritanicus在波兰相对常见。高加索Nemozoma目前正在欧洲蔓延,据报道波兰出现了一些新记录。Peltis ferroginea、P.grosa和Thymalus limbatus仅限于波兰的天然林,在那里它们有时很丰富。我们建议将铁脊Peltis ferroginea和Thymalus limbatus列入波兰动物红色名录。认为Grynocharis oblonga和Tenebroides mauritanicus是天然森林遗迹的观点似乎是不合理的。
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引用次数: 1
New records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province of Iran with taxonomic comments 伊朗Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari省蚂蚁新记录(膜翅目:蚁科)及其分类学注释
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0013
A. Khalili-Moghadam, L. Borowiec, A. Nemati
Abstract The ant fauna from the Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province of Iran was surveyed. As a result, a total of 28 ant species belonging to 11 genera of Formicidae were collected and identified. Species status is proposed for Messor barbarus subsp. mediosanguineus Donisthorpe, 1946, the species status of Messor platyceras Crawley, 1920 is restored with Messor platyceras var. rubella Crawley, 1920 as a new synonym of the nominotypical form, and Camponotus oasium ninivae Pisarski, 1971 is removed from synonyms of Camponotus oasium Forel, 1890. The genera Messor Forel, 1890, with seven species and Cataglyphis Förster, 1850 with six species, have the highest species richness. Messor mediosanguineus Donisthorpe, 1946, Pheidole koshewnikovi Ruzsky, 1905 and Camponotus oasium ninivae Pisarski, 1971 were recorded in Iran for the first time.
摘要对伊朗Bakhtiari省Chaharmahal蚂蚁区系进行了调查。结果共采集鉴定蚁科11属28种。提出了Messor barbarus亚种的物种地位。mediosanguineus Donisthorpe, 1946,恢复了Messor platyceras Crawley, 1920的物种地位,将Messor platyceras var. rubella Crawley, 1920作为命名典型形式的新同义词,将Camponotus oasium ninivae Pisarski, 1971从Camponotus oasium Forel, 1890的同义词中删除。物种丰富度最高的是Messor Forel属(1890)和catallyphis Förster属(1850),分别有7种和6种。Messor mediosanguineus Donisthorpe, 1946年,Pheidole koshewnikovi Ruzsky, 1905年和Camponotus oasium ninivae Pisarski, 1971年在伊朗首次记录。
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引用次数: 9
First report on the susceptibility of certain dry Egyptian common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Fabaceae) varieties to infestation by Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) 关于某些干燥的埃及普通豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)(蚕豆科)品种对刺五加(Acanthoscilides obtectus)(Say,1831)(鞘翅目:金蜂科:布鲁希纳)侵扰的易感性的首次报告
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0012
H. A. Gad
Abstract Stored dry common bean seeds are subject to infestation by Acanthoscelides obtectus, which reduces the quality of the infested seeds and depletes their nutritional value, making them unfit for human consumption. The susceptibility of three Egyptian varieties to infestation by A. obtectus was investigated. The Nebraska variety was the most susceptible, with 34.5 and 62% infestation at artificial infestation levels that included 5 and 10 pairs of insects for every fifty seeds, respectively, followed by the Karnak and Giza 6 varieties. The maximum weight losses as a result of insect infestation were observed for Nebraska seeds, and as expected, the maximum numbers of emerged adults after 50 days of storage were also observed for this variety. Maximum means of infested seeds were recorded in the Nebraska and Karnak varieties at the 10- pair infestation level. According to the infestation index, the Giza 6 and Karnak varieties were moderately resistant, while the Nebraska variety was susceptible at the 10-pair infestation level. Moreover, changes in the chemical composition of infested dry common bean seeds were inconsistent, with increases in some nutritional properties (protein and fibre contents) and decreases in others (moisture, carbohydrate and fat contents).
摘要储存的干燥普通豆类种子容易受到刺五加的侵扰,这降低了被侵扰种子的质量,耗尽了它们的营养价值,使它们不适合人类食用。研究了三个埃及品种对A.obtectus侵扰的易感性。内布拉斯加品种最易受感染,在人工感染水平下,感染率分别为34.5%和62%,每50粒种子中分别有5对和10对昆虫,其次是卡纳克和吉萨6个品种。内布拉斯加种子因虫害而出现的最大重量损失,正如预期的那样,该品种在储存50天后也出现了最大数量的成虫。内布拉斯加和卡纳克品种在10对虫害水平下记录了受虫害种子的最大平均数。根据虫害指数,Giza 6和Karnak品种具有中等抗性,而Nebraska品种在10对虫害水平下易感。此外,受感染的干燥普通豆类种子的化学成分变化不一致,一些营养特性(蛋白质和纤维含量)增加,而另一些营养性质(水分、碳水化合物和脂肪含量)减少。
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引用次数: 6
Evaluation of the repellent effect of Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax (Dioscoreaceae) leaf essential oil against Bruchus chinensis Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) 薯蓣科叶挥发油对中国布鲁氏菌1758(鞘翅目:布鲁氏菌科)的驱避效果评价
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0009
G. Mauti, P. Kasigwa, Joan J E Munissi, J. Onguso
Abstract Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the repellent activities of the ornamental plant Dioscorea sansibarensis leaf essential oil against the Bruchus chinensis bean weevil in the protection of stored legumes. The leaves exhibited potential repellency in a Y-tube olfactometer. The tabulated data show that 10µL of leaf oil exhibited a repellency of 41.33%, with a grouped median of 53.33%, which was better than 10 µL of Actellic 50 EC, which had a repellency of 36.00% and a grouped median of 40%. Statistically, there was no significant difference in the percentage repellency obtained from the leaf oil and Actellic 50 EC at different concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40 µL/mL, X2(7, N=200) = 114.93, P< 0.05). The GC-MS analysis identified 16 compounds in the leaf oil. The main compounds and their percentage composition were phytol (19.46%), 1-epi-α-gurjunene (11.71%), palmitic acid (10.48%), ethyl palmitate (8.87%), methyl palmitate (7.72%), isophytol (5.99%), 2-heptadecanone (4.59%) and α-selinene (4.5%). The repellency caused by the by leaf oil may have been due to the presence of α-selinene, also known as naphthalene, 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,8a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [1S- (1.α.,7.α.,8a.α.)]-. Dioscorea sansibarensis may be a good choice for repellent formulations.
摘要通过室内实验,测定了观赏植物薯蓣叶精油在保护贮藏豆类中对中华鸦胆子豆象甲的驱避活性。在Y管嗅觉计中,这些叶子表现出潜在的排斥性。表中数据显示,10µL的叶油表现出41.33%的排斥性,分组中值为53.33%,优于10µL Actellic 50 EC,后者具有36.00%的排斥性和40%的分组中值。从统计数据来看,在不同浓度(10、20、30和40µL/mL,X2(7,N=200)=114.93,P<0.05)下,叶油和Actellic 50 EC的排斥性百分比没有显著差异。GC-MS分析在叶油中鉴定出16种化合物。主要化合物及其百分比组成为植物醇(19.46%)、1-表-α-古朱烯(11.71%)、棕榈酸(10.48%)、棕榈酸酯(8.87%)、棕榈甲酯(7.72%)、异植物醇(5.99%)、2-十七烷酮(4.59%)和α-selinene(4.5%),1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-八氢-1,8a-二甲基-7-(1-甲基乙烯基)-,[1S-(1.α,7.α,8a.α)]-。薯蓣可能是驱蚊剂的好选择。
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引用次数: 6
Antifeedant, horizontal transfer and repellent activities of free and microencapsulated food grade antioxidants against postharvest pest insects (Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797)) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae, Tenebrionidae) of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0008
D. Garcia, A. Nesci, N. Girardi, M. A. Passone, M. Etcheverry
Abstract The aims of this work were to evaluate antifeedant, horizontal transfer and repellent activities of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), free and microencapsulated, at different doses against Oryzaephilus surinamensis and Tribolium castaneum on peanut kernels. In general, negative values for the percentage feeding deterrence index (FDI) were found for Oryzaephilus surinamensis in the presence of these chemical treatments, suggesting a phagostimulant activity. In addition, untreated individuals died within 20 days of coming into contact with insects previously exposed to both antioxidants (BHA and BHT) and formulations (F- BHA and F-BHT), regardless of the dose, while the insects in the controls died after this time. Since this work revealed evidence for the transfer of both free and microencapsulated antioxidants from treated to untreated individuals, we can confirm that horizontal transfer of these compounds takes place between treated and untreated insects. The evaluated compounds showed no repellent activity against O. surinamensis, which continued unaffected with its life cycle on both treated and untreated peanuts. On the other hand, Tribolium castaneum exhibited high FDI values, especially for the formulations, with mean values of 0.68 and 0.91 for F-BHA and F-BHT, respectively. No horizontal transfer was observed for this insect, but repellency was higher than 80% for free and encapsulated BHT. We can conclude that the mechanism of insecticidal action of antioxidants and their formulations was dependent on the type of insect evaluated. The insecticidal effect on Oryzaephilus surinamensis could have been due to the direct intake of the chemical compounds added, whereas the negative effect on Tribolium castaneum could have been caused by starvation.
摘要本文研究了不同剂量游离和微胶囊化丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)和丁基羟基甲苯(BHA)对花生稻瘟病菌(Oryzaephilus surinamensis)和蓖麻子(Tribolium castaneum)的拒食、水平转移和驱避活性。总的来说,在这些化学处理下,苏里南稻瘟菌的百分比摄食抑制指数(FDI)为负值,表明其具有促吞噬活性。此外,未经处理的个体在接触到之前暴露于抗氧化剂(BHA和BHT)和配方(F- BHA和F-BHT)的昆虫后的20天内死亡,而对照组的昆虫在此之后死亡,无论剂量如何。由于这项工作揭示了游离抗氧化剂和微胶囊抗氧化剂从处理过的个体转移到未处理过的个体的证据,我们可以确认这些化合物在处理过的和未处理过的昆虫之间发生水平转移。所评价的化合物在处理和未处理的花生上对苏里南稻螟无驱避活性,其生命周期不受影响。另一方面,木犀草(Tribolium castaneum)表现出较高的FDI值,尤其是配方,F-BHA和F-BHT的平均值分别为0.68和0.91。无水平转移,但对游离和包封BHT的驱避率高于80%。由此可见,抗氧化剂及其制剂的杀虫作用机制与所评价的昆虫种类有关。对苏里南稻瘟菌的杀虫效果可能是由于直接摄入了添加的化合物,而对castaneum的负作用可能是由于饥饿引起的。
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引用次数: 1
Chemosensory response of the Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae) weevil (Bruchus chinensis Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)) to Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax. (Dioscoreaceae) bulbil essential oil 菜豆象甲(Bruchus chinensis Linnaeus,1758(鞘翅目:鸦胆子科))对薯蓣的化学感觉反应。(薯蓣科)球茎精油
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0014
G. Mauti, P. Kasigwa, Joan J E Munissi, J. Onguso
Abstract Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbils are well known for their toxicity and medicinal applications. In this study, the attraction and mortality of the Phaseolus vulgaris weevil (Bruchus chinensis) caused by Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbil oil was examined in a Completely Randomized Design experiment using a Y-tube olfactometer on a laboratory bench. Statistical analysis at P < 0.05 showed 10 µL had an attraction of 42.67%. In the case of mortality, the results showed that Phaseolus vulgaris seeds treated with 40 µL of the bulbil oil had a harmonic mean of 55.8% mortality of the weevil population, which was higher than with 10 µL of Actellic 50 EC. GC-MS analysis identified 17 compounds in the bulbil oil, the main constituents of which were 2- pentanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl- (17.8%), phenol, 4-ethyl- (11.41%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (11.05%), phenol (7.35%), 9-octadecenoic acid, (E)- (7.2%) and phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy- (7.14%). Attraction by bulbil oil may have been due to the presence of phenolic compounds, and mortality may have been due to hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid, (E)-. Attractants are used for the surveillance and detection of an infestation in stored products. The added advantage of the bulbil oil to cause mortality makes Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbil oil useful in the formulation of a botanical pesticide in stored pest management.
摘要薯蓣以其毒性和药用价值而闻名。在本研究中,在实验室工作台上使用Y-管嗅觉计进行了完全随机设计实验,检测了由薯蓣球茎油引起的菜豆象甲(Bruchus chinensis)的吸引力和死亡率。P<0.05的统计分析显示,10µL具有42.67%的吸引力。在死亡率的情况下,结果显示,用40µL球茎油处理的菜豆种子对象甲种群的死亡率为55.8%,高于用10µL Actellic 50 EC处理的象甲种群。GC-MS分析在球茎油中鉴定出17种化合物,其主要成分为2-戊酮,4-羟基-4-甲基-(17.8%),苯酚,4-乙基-(11.41%),十六烷酸,甲酯(11.05%),苯酚(7.35%),9-十八碳烯酸,(E)-(7.2%)和苯酚,4-甲基-2-甲氧基-(7.14%),甲酯和9-十八碳烯酸(E)-。引诱剂用于监测和检测储存产品中的虫害。球茎油导致死亡的额外优势使薯蓣球茎油可用于储存害虫管理中的植物杀虫剂的配方。
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引用次数: 2
New data on the occurrence and macroptery of Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis (Latreille, 1804) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in Poland and in other parts of the species range 关于波兰和该物种范围其他地区Eumodicogrillus bordigalensis(Latreille,1804)(直翅目:Gryllidae)的发生和大型群落的新数据
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/pjen-2019-0011
A. Liana, W. Wawer
Abstract A dozen specimens of Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis were found in three localities in Poland as well more than thirty foreign specimens of the species collected in southern Europe, the Caucasus and Mongolia. They are deposited in the collection of the Museum of Zoology PAS. The adult specimens were studied in detail and measured. The indigenous specimens and the majority of the foreign ones proved to be macropterous. The problems of wing polymorphism and the possibilities of migration are discussed.
摘要在波兰的三个地区发现了十几个边界灰蝶标本,在南欧、高加索和蒙古收集了30多个外来灰蝶标本。它们被收藏在PAS动物博物馆。对成年标本进行了详细的研究和测量。本土标本和大多数外国标本都被证明是大型的。讨论了翅膀多态性的问题和迁移的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Polish Journal of Entomology
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