Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-19-32
Maria Bezenova
The article examines the morphological features of the translation of “The Life of St. Theodoreˮ (1913) into the Elabuga dialect of the Udmurt language. The significance of the study lies in the fact that although written records are one of the main sources for studying language history, most of Udmurt written records have not been examined yet. The paper describes the main grammatical categories of the noun (number, possession, case) and the verb (voice, mood, tense), as well as those of the non-conjugated verb forms (infinitive, participle, adverbial participle). The analysis of morphological characteristics is based on the previously identified graphic and phonetic features of the written source and employs a comparative method: the linguistic data were compared with the data from the literary language and modern Udmurt dialects. Furthermore, whenever possible, the issues of the origin of morphological markers are raised in order to identify the innovative or archaic nature of the characteristics which are reflected in the written record at the morphological level. As a result, a number of features in the formalization of plural indicators, adverbial participles, some case and tense forms are revealed, which make the language of the written record different from the modern literary Udmurt language and some of its dialects. At the same time, all of these features are preserved in modern South Udmurt dialects, which does not contradict the hypothesis put forward earlier and based on the analysis of the phonetic system of the source text, according to which the dialect basis of “The Life of St. Theodoreˮ is one of the Central-Southern dialects.
{"title":"Морфологические особенности «Жития Св. Феодора» (1913) на удмуртском языке","authors":"Maria Bezenova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-19-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-19-32","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the morphological features of the translation of “The Life of St. Theodoreˮ (1913) into the Elabuga dialect of the Udmurt language. The significance of the study lies in the fact that although written records are one of the main sources for studying language history, most of Udmurt written records have not been examined yet. The paper describes the main grammatical categories of the noun (number, possession, case) and the verb (voice, mood, tense), as well as those of the non-conjugated verb forms (infinitive, participle, adverbial participle). The analysis of morphological characteristics is based on the previously identified graphic and phonetic features of the written source and employs a comparative method: the linguistic data were compared with the data from the literary language and modern Udmurt dialects. Furthermore, whenever possible, the issues of the origin of morphological markers are raised in order to identify the innovative or archaic nature of the characteristics which are reflected in the written record at the morphological level. As a result, a number of features in the formalization of plural indicators, adverbial participles, some case and tense forms are revealed, which make the language of the written record different from the modern literary Udmurt language and some of its dialects. At the same time, all of these features are preserved in modern South Udmurt dialects, which does not contradict the hypothesis put forward earlier and based on the analysis of the phonetic system of the source text, according to which the dialect basis of “The Life of St. Theodoreˮ is one of the Central-Southern dialects.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48066908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-43-59
V. Podlesskaya, Ekaterina S. Ermishina
Based on the data from Japanese personal blogs the paper addresses grammar and pragmatics of the Japanese constructions with the quotative marker to. The aim is twofold: (a) to describe the actual use of quotatives in informal electronic discourse; and (b) to put the Japanese data in the context of the current discussion about the nature of the direct/indirect speech opposition. Japanese is shown to be an intriguing case when it comes to distinguishing direct and indirect reports. First, it lacks standard indexicals typical for languages known as “standard average European”, e.g. there is no personal agreement, first and second personal pronouns are extremely rare, hence, one can rely only on optional indexicals, like benefactives, honorifics or the so called final pragmatic particles. Furthermore, even these optional indexicals may operate controversially within one and the same utterance — some being oriented towards the external narrator (which is typical for pragmatically indirect reports) and other being oriented towards the internal speaker (which is typical for pragmatically direct reports). Second, whatever type of indexicals is used, if at all, the report is marked by the quotative marker (complementizer) to. This also distinguishes Japanese from standard average European languages where complementizers normally introduce only pragmatically indirect reports which constitute an embedded clause. Third, the quotation marks (kagi) are optional for pragmatically direct reports, especially in informal electronic discourse. The kind of data we present supports the approach to reported speech that doesn’t favor either/or decisions, but rather is based on multifactorial analysis that considers the whole range of possible parameters and isolates their observed language-specific clusters.
{"title":"Цитационные конструкции в живой японской речи: грамматика и прагматика","authors":"V. Podlesskaya, Ekaterina S. Ermishina","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-43-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-43-59","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the data from Japanese personal blogs the paper addresses grammar and pragmatics of the Japanese constructions with the quotative marker to. The aim is twofold: (a) to describe the actual use of quotatives in informal electronic discourse; and (b) to put the Japanese data in the context of the current discussion about the nature of the direct/indirect speech opposition. Japanese is shown to be an intriguing case when it comes to distinguishing direct and indirect reports. First, it lacks standard indexicals typical for languages known as “standard average European”, e.g. there is no personal agreement, first and second personal pronouns are extremely rare, hence, one can rely only on optional indexicals, like benefactives, honorifics or the so called final pragmatic particles. Furthermore, even these optional indexicals may operate controversially within one and the same utterance — some being oriented towards the external narrator (which is typical for pragmatically indirect reports) and other being oriented towards the internal speaker (which is typical for pragmatically direct reports). Second, whatever type of indexicals is used, if at all, the report is marked by the quotative marker (complementizer) to. This also distinguishes Japanese from standard average European languages where complementizers normally introduce only pragmatically indirect reports which constitute an embedded clause. Third, the quotation marks (kagi) are optional for pragmatically direct reports, especially in informal electronic discourse. The kind of data we present supports the approach to reported speech that doesn’t favor either/or decisions, but rather is based on multifactorial analysis that considers the whole range of possible parameters and isolates their observed language-specific clusters.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-76-84
Natalia S. Yakhontova, Enkhbat Munkhtsetseg
The article examines the Mongolian corpus of the explanatory bilingual Manchu-Mongolian dictionary (1717) focusing on the correspondence of the Mongolian words (or phrases) to the topic of the section in which they are placed. Due to a clear structure of the dictionary and a list of all chapters and sections names it is easy to find a Manchu or a Mongolian headword in it. However, many headwords in addition to the main explanation, have additional ones that explain the meaning of the word in special cases. There are three among them — the explanation of the meaning of the homonym of the Manchu headword, its figurative meaning and the meaning of phrases with the headword, where a different meaning appears. Therefore, the connection with the topic of the section is lost. In the Mongolian part of the dictionary this different meaning is naturally translated by a different word and thus the connection with the headword is lost as well. Without reference to the Manchu part it is almost impossible to find or to explain the appearance of such Mongolian words in a section. The cases described do not affect the thematic structure of the dictionary on the whole because of their insignificant number. However, the statement that the Mongolian part of this dictionary can be used separately as a Mongolian dictionary is not completely accurate.
{"title":"Случаи нарушения тематического принципа в толковом маньчжуро-монгольском словаре (1717 г.)","authors":"Natalia S. Yakhontova, Enkhbat Munkhtsetseg","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-76-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2021-42-3-76-84","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the Mongolian corpus of the explanatory bilingual Manchu-Mongolian dictionary (1717) focusing on the correspondence of the Mongolian words (or phrases) to the topic of the section in which they are placed. Due to a clear structure of the dictionary and a list of all chapters and sections names it is easy to find a Manchu or a Mongolian headword in it. However, many headwords in addition to the main explanation, have additional ones that explain the meaning of the word in special cases. There are three among them — the explanation of the meaning of the homonym of the Manchu headword, its figurative meaning and the meaning of phrases with the headword, where a different meaning appears. Therefore, the connection with the topic of the section is lost. In the Mongolian part of the dictionary this different meaning is naturally translated by a different word and thus the connection with the headword is lost as well. Without reference to the Manchu part it is almost impossible to find or to explain the appearance of such Mongolian words in a section. The cases described do not affect the thematic structure of the dictionary on the whole because of their insignificant number. However, the statement that the Mongolian part of this dictionary can be used separately as a Mongolian dictionary is not completely accurate.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42336720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2020-36-1-82-91
E. Napolnova
{"title":"The analysis of semantics of the Turkish lexeme yer","authors":"E. Napolnova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2020-36-1-82-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2020-36-1-82-91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-19-32
M. Bezenova
{"title":"The peculiarities of the translation of “God’s lawˮ (1912) into Udmurt: verbal morphology","authors":"M. Bezenova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-19-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-19-32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-71-80
J. Normanskaja
{"title":"DICTIONARIES OF PERM MANSI “NATIVE SPEAKERS OF SIBERIA”, COLLECTED BY P. S. PALLAS IN THE 18th CENTURY","authors":"J. Normanskaja","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-71-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-71-80","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2020-39-4-43-53
R. Muratova
The article is devoted to the study of analytical forms of color designations in the Bashkir language and the identification of the features of their use in the literary language and folk colloquial speech. The relevance of the research is due to the need to study this group of color designations using the new achievements of linguistic science, namely, the possibility of access to a large volume of texts that contain almost all the lexical richness of the Bashkir language. Corpuses of the Bashkir language were used as such material: the corpus of prose, the corpus of folklore, the corpus of publicism, and other Internet resources. It was revealed that the analytical method in the Bashkir language forms color designations by color tone, saturation, brightness. In the analytical form, the names of color tones of the following nature are used: two spectral colors (qïδɣïlt һary ‘orange’, qïδɣïlt kүk ‘violet’), shades located between the two main spectra (jӓškelt zӓŋgӓr ‘greenish blue’, һarɣïlt jӓšel ‘yellowish green’), shades of spectral, non-spectral and achromatic colors (һarɣïlt körӓn ‘yellowish brown’, sejӓ qïδïl ‘cherry red’). A combination of two or more words also conveys such characteristics as color saturation (qujï qïδïl ‘thick red’, tonoq zӓŋgӓr ‘dull blue’), brightness of tone (aqһïl zӓŋgӓr ‘light blue’, qaraɣusqïl jӓšel ‘dark green’), piebald color (һarï ala ‘yellow piebald’).
{"title":"Analytical forms of color-signifying lexemes in the modern Bashkir language (on materials of electronic corpus of prose, folklore and publicism)","authors":"R. Muratova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2020-39-4-43-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2020-39-4-43-53","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of analytical forms of color designations in the Bashkir language and the identification of the features of their use in the literary language and folk colloquial speech. The relevance of the research is due to the need to study this group of color designations using the new achievements of linguistic science, namely, the possibility of access to a large volume of texts that contain almost all the lexical richness of the Bashkir language. Corpuses of the Bashkir language were used as such material: the corpus of prose, the corpus of folklore, the corpus of publicism, and other Internet resources. It was revealed that the analytical method in the Bashkir language forms color designations by color tone, saturation, brightness. In the analytical form, the names of color tones of the following nature are used: two spectral colors (qïδɣïlt һary ‘orange’, qïδɣïlt kүk ‘violet’), shades located between the two main spectra (jӓškelt zӓŋgӓr ‘greenish blue’, һarɣïlt jӓšel ‘yellowish green’), shades of spectral, non-spectral and achromatic colors (һarɣïlt körӓn ‘yellowish brown’, sejӓ qïδïl ‘cherry red’). A combination of two or more words also conveys such characteristics as color saturation (qujï qïδïl ‘thick red’, tonoq zӓŋgӓr ‘dull blue’), brightness of tone (aqһïl zӓŋgӓr ‘light blue’, qaraɣusqïl jӓšel ‘dark green’), piebald color (һarï ala ‘yellow piebald’).","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2020-37-2-31-57
Karina Mishchenkova
{"title":"Reflections of the Proto-Evenki *s in the Evenki dialects in the second half of the 18th century","authors":"Karina Mishchenkova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2020-37-2-31-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2020-37-2-31-57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-81-91
P. Piispanen
In this paper, historical documentation of the Yukaghir languages spoken in the far northeastern Siberia are employed for the reconstruction of a small number of additional or revised Late Proto-Yukaghir (PY) roots. Late Proto-Yukaghir is the latest common ancestor of all varieties of Yukaghir, including the still spoken Tundra Yukaghir and Kolyma Yukaghir languages. Previously, numerous Late Proto-Yukaghir roots have convincingly and exhaustively been reconstructed in Nikolaeva’s A Historical Dictionary of Yukaghir , pub-lished in 2006, and this meager report adds to those materials. The materials are presented and discussed in phonological and semantic terms, employing phonological methods similar to those of Nikolaeva’s research, and adding semantic considerations missing from the dictionary. The newly reconstructed or revised Late Proto-Yukaghir roots include: 1) Late Proto-Yukaghir * kejw ə - ‘to be thin’, 2) Late Proto-Yukaghir * a čī - ~ * a č i - ‘to carry’, 3) Late Proto-Yukaghir * pu γ ö ‘warmth > some sort of warming clothing: fur, feathers, hair, beard’, 4) Late Proto-Yukaghir * in ć - ‘today; now’, and 5) Late Proto-Yukaghir * nuli ńčə ‘crowd’. Furthermore, numerous etymological comments, notes, discussions and clarifying details are presented for Yukaghir lexicon, rang-ing from the obscure historical records to the modern languages, clarifying a few matters, correcting some and adding further information of interest to others. Yukaghir roots (or words of later Russian or Ewenki origin) are discussed, and given concrete meanings, in-clude: PY * ni γ ej - ‘heavy, difficult’, PY * l’om ćə ~ * l’omj ə ‘moisture; to shed feathers > to lose color’, PY * omnu γə ‘bitch’, PY * o ń -‘crack, slit, opening’, PY * per - ‘threshold, dug in poles of a yurt door’, PY * ń etl’ ə ‘fox’, Rus. gavrik ‘collar muffler, scarf’, PY * šogi ‘bag’, PY * iwe:r ‘place around the hearth’, PY * e č e: ‘father’, PY * mi: - b ə ‘cutter’, PY * ejm ə ‘price, payment’, Rus. piska ‘penis’, Rus. č aška ‘cup’, Rus. Varvara ‘Barbara’, Ewenki no γ o:n ‘green’, and PY * nunk ə ‘sheefish’.
本文利用西伯利亚东北部尤卡吉尔语的历史文献，重建了少量附加或修订的晚期原尤卡吉尔语(PY)词根。晚期原Yukaghir语是所有Yukaghir语变种的最新共同祖先，包括仍在使用的苔原Yukaghir语和Kolyma Yukaghir语。在此之前，尼古拉耶娃于2006年出版的《尤卡吉尔历史词典》(A Historical Dictionary of Yukaghir)对许多晚期原始尤卡吉尔语的词根进行了令人信服和详尽的重建，而这份微薄的报告为这些材料增添了新的内容。这些材料以音韵学和语义学的方式呈现和讨论，采用与尼古拉耶娃研究相似的音韵学方法，并增加了词典中缺失的语义学考虑。新重建或修订的后期原语yukaghir词根包括:1)后期原语yukaghir * kejw æ -“瘦”，2)后期原语yukaghir * a æ - ~ * a š i -“携带”，3)后期原语yukaghir * pu γ ö“温暖的>某种保暖的衣服:皮毛，羽毛，头发，胡须”，4)后期原语yukaghir * in š e -“今天;5) Late - Proto-Yukaghir * nuli ńč æ ' crowd '。此外，对尤卡吉尔语词汇进行了大量的词源学评论、注释、讨论和澄清细节，从模糊的历史记录到现代语言，澄清了一些问题，纠正了一些问题，并增加了其他人感兴趣的进一步信息。讨论了Yukaghir词根(或后来的俄语或鄂温克语词根)，并给出了具体的含义，包括:PY * ni γ ej - '重的，困难的'，PY * l ' om _ _ ~ * l ' omj _ ' moisture;to shed feathers > to lose color '， PY * omnu γ æ ' bitch '， PY * o æ - ' crack, slit, opening '， PY * per - ' threshold, dug in a蒙古包门的柱子'，PY * * etl ' ' fox '， Rus。gavrik '衣领围巾，围巾'，PY * šogi '包'，PY * iwe:r '周围的地方'，PY * e æ e: '父亲'，PY * mi: - b æ '刀具'，PY * ejm æ '价格，付款'，Rus。piska“阴茎”，罗斯语。aška ' cup '，罗斯语。瓦尔瓦拉语是“芭芭拉”，鄂温克语是“绿色”，还有PY * nunk *“羊鱼”。
{"title":"Some new Late Proto-Yukaghir reconstructions with added thoughts and considerations on various etymologies","authors":"P. Piispanen","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-81-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2020-38-3-81-91","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, historical documentation of the Yukaghir languages spoken in the far northeastern Siberia are employed for the reconstruction of a small number of additional or revised Late Proto-Yukaghir (PY) roots. Late Proto-Yukaghir is the latest common ancestor of all varieties of Yukaghir, including the still spoken Tundra Yukaghir and Kolyma Yukaghir languages. Previously, numerous Late Proto-Yukaghir roots have convincingly and exhaustively been reconstructed in Nikolaeva’s A Historical Dictionary of Yukaghir , pub-lished in 2006, and this meager report adds to those materials. The materials are presented and discussed in phonological and semantic terms, employing phonological methods similar to those of Nikolaeva’s research, and adding semantic considerations missing from the dictionary. The newly reconstructed or revised Late Proto-Yukaghir roots include: 1) Late Proto-Yukaghir * kejw ə - ‘to be thin’, 2) Late Proto-Yukaghir * a čī - ~ * a č i - ‘to carry’, 3) Late Proto-Yukaghir * pu γ ö ‘warmth > some sort of warming clothing: fur, feathers, hair, beard’, 4) Late Proto-Yukaghir * in ć - ‘today; now’, and 5) Late Proto-Yukaghir * nuli ńčə ‘crowd’. Furthermore, numerous etymological comments, notes, discussions and clarifying details are presented for Yukaghir lexicon, rang-ing from the obscure historical records to the modern languages, clarifying a few matters, correcting some and adding further information of interest to others. Yukaghir roots (or words of later Russian or Ewenki origin) are discussed, and given concrete meanings, in-clude: PY * ni γ ej - ‘heavy, difficult’, PY * l’om ćə ~ * l’omj ə ‘moisture; to shed feathers > to lose color’, PY * omnu γə ‘bitch’, PY * o ń -‘crack, slit, opening’, PY * per - ‘threshold, dug in poles of a yurt door’, PY * ń etl’ ə ‘fox’, Rus. gavrik ‘collar muffler, scarf’, PY * šogi ‘bag’, PY * iwe:r ‘place around the hearth’, PY * e č e: ‘father’, PY * mi: - b ə ‘cutter’, PY * ejm ə ‘price, payment’, Rus. piska ‘penis’, Rus. č aška ‘cup’, Rus. Varvara ‘Barbara’, Ewenki no γ o:n ‘green’, and PY * nunk ə ‘sheefish’.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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