Pub Date : 2021-08-10DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956241
Cornel Ban, G. Scheiring, Mihai D. Vasile
ABSTRACT Has a post-neoliberal policy regime emerged from the challenges to neoliberalism that have accompanied the rise of nationalism and populism in some Eastern and Central European countries? Why has the political organization of these challenges to neoliberalism endured in some countries but not in others? By drawing on a mix of primary and secondary sources culled from the institutional, political and economic realities of Hungary and Romania, this paper makes two claims. First, the article sugegsts that these transformations have amounted to a distinctive variety of neoliberalism that can be dubbed ‘national-neoliberalism.’ At its core one finds the slightly modified old goals of neoliberal orthodoxy embedded into a protective cocoon of orthodox and unorthodox economic policy instruments and institutions. The second claim of the paper is that the political organization of the national-neoliberal project was resilient in Hungary but not in Romania. The evidence suggests that this variation owes not only to the fact that the ‘national’ elements of national-neoliberalism had protections against the bond markets. While this factor was indeed critical, the resilience of Hungarian national-neoliberalism seems to have been made possible by the fact that its proponents could manage a broader social bloc and deploy techno-political capabilities that bolstered their political power relative to that of challengers. In contrast, the challengers to orthodox ("globalist") neoliberalism did not posess these characteristics in Romania. As such, the paper rejects the hypothesis of a nationalist-heterodox successor to neoliberalism and takes a first cut at a theory of policy resilience for national-neoliberalism.
{"title":"The political economy of national-neoliberalism","authors":"Cornel Ban, G. Scheiring, Mihai D. Vasile","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956241","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Has a post-neoliberal policy regime emerged from the challenges to neoliberalism that have accompanied the rise of nationalism and populism in some Eastern and Central European countries? Why has the political organization of these challenges to neoliberalism endured in some countries but not in others? By drawing on a mix of primary and secondary sources culled from the institutional, political and economic realities of Hungary and Romania, this paper makes two claims. First, the article sugegsts that these transformations have amounted to a distinctive variety of neoliberalism that can be dubbed ‘national-neoliberalism.’ At its core one finds the slightly modified old goals of neoliberal orthodoxy embedded into a protective cocoon of orthodox and unorthodox economic policy instruments and institutions. The second claim of the paper is that the political organization of the national-neoliberal project was resilient in Hungary but not in Romania. The evidence suggests that this variation owes not only to the fact that the ‘national’ elements of national-neoliberalism had protections against the bond markets. While this factor was indeed critical, the resilience of Hungarian national-neoliberalism seems to have been made possible by the fact that its proponents could manage a broader social bloc and deploy techno-political capabilities that bolstered their political power relative to that of challengers. In contrast, the challengers to orthodox (\"globalist\") neoliberalism did not posess these characteristics in Romania. As such, the paper rejects the hypothesis of a nationalist-heterodox successor to neoliberalism and takes a first cut at a theory of policy resilience for national-neoliberalism.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"96 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43092121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956238
A. Buzogány, Mihai Varga
ABSTRACT Focusing on the emergence of ideas and the knowledge networks involved in producing a counter-narrative to the liberal and neoliberal ideational consensus of the 1990s and 2000s, this contribution traces the intellectual trajectory of the illiberal turn in Poland and Hungary. We make use of the ideational scholarship differentiating between public philosophies, problem definitions and policy solutions to discuss how illiberal state transformation and heterodox socio-economic policies became the new paradigm that the two ruling parties PiS and Fidesz have promoted during the last decade. We suggest that the viability of PiS and Fidesz’s policies was largely conditioned by the increasing influence of conservative networks in the public sphere which prepared the grounds for these reforms. The contribution discusses the main intellectual actors, structures, and ideas paving the way and legitimizing illiberalism in the two countries.
{"title":"Illiberal thought collectives and policy networks in Hungary and Poland","authors":"A. Buzogány, Mihai Varga","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956238","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Focusing on the emergence of ideas and the knowledge networks involved in producing a counter-narrative to the liberal and neoliberal ideational consensus of the 1990s and 2000s, this contribution traces the intellectual trajectory of the illiberal turn in Poland and Hungary. We make use of the ideational scholarship differentiating between public philosophies, problem definitions and policy solutions to discuss how illiberal state transformation and heterodox socio-economic policies became the new paradigm that the two ruling parties PiS and Fidesz have promoted during the last decade. We suggest that the viability of PiS and Fidesz’s policies was largely conditioned by the increasing influence of conservative networks in the public sphere which prepared the grounds for these reforms. The contribution discusses the main intellectual actors, structures, and ideas paving the way and legitimizing illiberalism in the two countries.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"40 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43062240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-28DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956240
Ana Andguladze
ABSTRACT In recent years Georgia saw the rise of anti-liberal, far-right powers, comprised of political parties, societal groups, and media outlets, that found solid ground in exploiting the conflict over values in a predominantly conservative and religious society. While the literature focuses on how different ‘non-democratic regional powers’ are countering against efforts of Western democracy promotion, including by empowering anti-liberal actors in neighbouring countries, less attention has been paid to the importance of transnational diffusion of ideas from Europe's promoters of ‘illiberal democracies’ beyond the European Union. This article shows how Georgia's anti-liberal domestic actors have found the ‘anti-liberal Europe’ as a powerful narrative to pit against ‘normative power Europe.’ Drawing on frame analysis and analysing how two online outlets have reported about Europe/the European Union from January 2018 to August 2020, this article sheds light on how ultranationalist online media outlets in Georgia are diffusing anti-liberal narratives about Europe, aimed at building a counter-model, an anti-liberal vision pitted against normative power Europe.
{"title":"‘Anti-liberal Europe’, an opposing narrative to normative power Europe in the Eastern neighbourhood? The case of Georgia","authors":"Ana Andguladze","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956240","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In recent years Georgia saw the rise of anti-liberal, far-right powers, comprised of political parties, societal groups, and media outlets, that found solid ground in exploiting the conflict over values in a predominantly conservative and religious society. While the literature focuses on how different ‘non-democratic regional powers’ are countering against efforts of Western democracy promotion, including by empowering anti-liberal actors in neighbouring countries, less attention has been paid to the importance of transnational diffusion of ideas from Europe's promoters of ‘illiberal democracies’ beyond the European Union. This article shows how Georgia's anti-liberal domestic actors have found the ‘anti-liberal Europe’ as a powerful narrative to pit against ‘normative power Europe.’ Drawing on frame analysis and analysing how two online outlets have reported about Europe/the European Union from January 2018 to August 2020, this article sheds light on how ultranationalist online media outlets in Georgia are diffusing anti-liberal narratives about Europe, aimed at building a counter-model, an anti-liberal vision pitted against normative power Europe.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"77 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47456354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956236
R. Coman, Clara Volintiru
ABSTRACT Three decades since the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe, the ideal of liberal democracy is under considerable strain. Recent developments in the region show that democratic institutions do not only evolve and consolidate, but they can also decay. The article intends to provide a comprehensive theoretical account to shed light on the ongoing multifaceted and multi-layered processes of change in the region. Drawing on the literature on the role of ideas and on the body of research explaining ongoing transformations in Central and Eastern Europe, it conceptualises the normative core of anti-liberal ideas. It shows that this core is embedded in a set of narratives pitted against liberal democracy, which take the form of causal stories, put forward values and solutions, being ultimately used to legitimise institutional change in politics (i.e. agency and the social power structures) policies (i.e. how economic nationalism alters the neoliberal model) and the polity (i.e. the rules of the political game). This conceptual map, which is derived inductively from the literature, is meant to guide future empirical studies and theory building exercises seeking to understand institutional change in the region and beyond.
{"title":"Anti-liberal ideas and institutional change in Central and Eastern Europe","authors":"R. Coman, Clara Volintiru","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956236","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Three decades since the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe, the ideal of liberal democracy is under considerable strain. Recent developments in the region show that democratic institutions do not only evolve and consolidate, but they can also decay. The article intends to provide a comprehensive theoretical account to shed light on the ongoing multifaceted and multi-layered processes of change in the region. Drawing on the literature on the role of ideas and on the body of research explaining ongoing transformations in Central and Eastern Europe, it conceptualises the normative core of anti-liberal ideas. It shows that this core is embedded in a set of narratives pitted against liberal democracy, which take the form of causal stories, put forward values and solutions, being ultimately used to legitimise institutional change in politics (i.e. agency and the social power structures) policies (i.e. how economic nationalism alters the neoliberal model) and the polity (i.e. the rules of the political game). This conceptual map, which is derived inductively from the literature, is meant to guide future empirical studies and theory building exercises seeking to understand institutional change in the region and beyond.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"5 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48275268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956244
R. Coman, Valentin Behr, Jan Beyer
ABSTRACT This special issue sheds light on the shift from consensus over democracy and liberal values to increased dissensus. With a focus on Central and Eastern Europe, it explores the nature and the origins of anti-liberal ideas and their diffusion beyond the EU. While anti-liberal ideas are not new per se, this special issue shows how in recent years they have re-emerged, being invoked by a wide range of political and social actors who seek to translate them into policy solutions and by the same token to change the foundations of national polities, policies and politics.
{"title":"The shaping power of anti-liberal ideas","authors":"R. Coman, Valentin Behr, Jan Beyer","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956244","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This special issue sheds light on the shift from consensus over democracy and liberal values to increased dissensus. With a focus on Central and Eastern Europe, it explores the nature and the origins of anti-liberal ideas and their diffusion beyond the EU. While anti-liberal ideas are not new per se, this special issue shows how in recent years they have re-emerged, being invoked by a wide range of political and social actors who seek to translate them into policy solutions and by the same token to change the foundations of national polities, policies and politics.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"1 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47024688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956243
Paul Blokker
ABSTRACT The constitution-making processes and trajectories of the East-Central European democracies have been more challenging than often supposed. Consolidation allegedly rests on the ‘liberal consensus’ that emerged after communism. This consensus has been much less robust and widespread than often believed and has increasingly been confronted with illiberal counter-forces. The article contributes to a critical discussion of constitution-making and constitutional politics in the context of the forceful (re-)emergence of conservative, populist forces in the region. The aim is to demonstrate that, first, constitutional politics in post-communist societies have involved significant, ‘post-consolidation’ forms of contestation throughout the post-1989 period. Second, the article shows that anti-liberal, conservative-populist positions have played substantial but rather variegated roles in different societies. In the most frequently discussed cases, conservative populist forces have mobilized to start an illiberal counter-revolution. In others, largely understudied, such a ‘revolution’ seems hardly in the making, even if the political conflict is evident.
{"title":"Constitutional politics and populist conservatism: the contrasting cases of Poland and Romania","authors":"Paul Blokker","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956243","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The constitution-making processes and trajectories of the East-Central European democracies have been more challenging than often supposed. Consolidation allegedly rests on the ‘liberal consensus’ that emerged after communism. This consensus has been much less robust and widespread than often believed and has increasingly been confronted with illiberal counter-forces. The article contributes to a critical discussion of constitution-making and constitutional politics in the context of the forceful (re-)emergence of conservative, populist forces in the region. The aim is to demonstrate that, first, constitutional politics in post-communist societies have involved significant, ‘post-consolidation’ forms of contestation throughout the post-1989 period. Second, the article shows that anti-liberal, conservative-populist positions have played substantial but rather variegated roles in different societies. In the most frequently discussed cases, conservative populist forces have mobilized to start an illiberal counter-revolution. In others, largely understudied, such a ‘revolution’ seems hardly in the making, even if the political conflict is evident.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"132 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45628481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956237
Valentin Behr
ABSTRACT The ideological roots of the democratic backslide in Central Europe have rarely been linked to the reconfigurations of the conservative right in Europe and in the United States. Here an attempt is made to fill this gap by retracing Ryszard Legutko’s social trajectory and political activities since the 1980s. A founder of one of Poland’s main conservative think tanks and a member of the European Parliament from the Law and Justice party, Legutko has played a key role in the intellectual structuring of Polish conservatives. He also has become one of the leading figures in an emerging anti-liberal Internationale. Drawing on the analytical framework of Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, I study Legutko’s social properties in relation with the structure of the fields – intellectual and political, Polish and transnational – in which he has been involved since the 1980s. Examining the contexts of the production and reception of Legutko’s writings, I propose a nuanced geography of transnational intellectual exchanges, emphasizing that ideas can circulate from the ‘semi-periphery’ to the ‘core’, under certain conditions. The article thus provides new insights into the ways in which some fractions of the right have redefined their ideology along anti-liberal stances.
{"title":"Towards a transnational and social history of anti-liberalism. Insights from the trajectory of Ryszard Legutko","authors":"Valentin Behr","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956237","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The ideological roots of the democratic backslide in Central Europe have rarely been linked to the reconfigurations of the conservative right in Europe and in the United States. Here an attempt is made to fill this gap by retracing Ryszard Legutko’s social trajectory and political activities since the 1980s. A founder of one of Poland’s main conservative think tanks and a member of the European Parliament from the Law and Justice party, Legutko has played a key role in the intellectual structuring of Polish conservatives. He also has become one of the leading figures in an emerging anti-liberal Internationale. Drawing on the analytical framework of Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, I study Legutko’s social properties in relation with the structure of the fields – intellectual and political, Polish and transnational – in which he has been involved since the 1980s. Examining the contexts of the production and reception of Legutko’s writings, I propose a nuanced geography of transnational intellectual exchanges, emphasizing that ideas can circulate from the ‘semi-periphery’ to the ‘core’, under certain conditions. The article thus provides new insights into the ways in which some fractions of the right have redefined their ideology along anti-liberal stances.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"22 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48907098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1956242
Jan Beyer
ABSTRACT Recently we have witnessed ferocious attacks on gender and sexuality across Eastern Europe. Governments headed by right-wing populist parties have taken a particularly prominent role in the backlash against progressive gender norms. By studying how one of these right-wing populist governments, the administration of Nikola Gruevski in Macedonia, came to embrace regressive gender and sexuality policies, this article shows the following. Firstly, it illustrates how right-wing populism provides ideas and discursive mechanisms for the legitimization of attacks on progressive gender legislation. Secondly, it depicts how, in the Macedonian case, the embrace of these illiberal ideas and discourses was a part of a wider strategy to re-shape church-state relations. The article examines how the government and the church not only converged in their rhetoric concerning gender and sexuality politics but how both entities increasingly fostered an exchange of mobilization and political resources. Finally, by outlining avenues for future research, it delineates how parts of the Macedonian experience might hold lessons for Eastern Europe at large.
{"title":"Immoral morality: gender and sexuality politics, right-wing populism and church-state relations in Macedonia under Nikola Gruevski (2006–2016)*","authors":"Jan Beyer","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1956242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956242","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recently we have witnessed ferocious attacks on gender and sexuality across Eastern Europe. Governments headed by right-wing populist parties have taken a particularly prominent role in the backlash against progressive gender norms. By studying how one of these right-wing populist governments, the administration of Nikola Gruevski in Macedonia, came to embrace regressive gender and sexuality policies, this article shows the following. Firstly, it illustrates how right-wing populism provides ideas and discursive mechanisms for the legitimization of attacks on progressive gender legislation. Secondly, it depicts how, in the Macedonian case, the embrace of these illiberal ideas and discourses was a part of a wider strategy to re-shape church-state relations. The article examines how the government and the church not only converged in their rhetoric concerning gender and sexuality politics but how both entities increasingly fostered an exchange of mobilization and political resources. Finally, by outlining avenues for future research, it delineates how parts of the Macedonian experience might hold lessons for Eastern Europe at large.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"115 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1956242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46517710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-18DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1953308
Ileana Daniela Serban
ABSTRACT The current article looks at types of organisational learning and connects them with knowledge acquisition processes and governance arrangements. Conceptually, it contributes by placing organisational learning within the broader context of knowledge production and governance. Moreover, it questions the learning organisation concept by showing that depending on the type of organisational learning, we may witness or not the emergence of learning organisations. Empirically, the analysis proceeds by applying the proposed theoretical lenses to the case of the European Commission’s learning journey, and more specifically to the case of the Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development (DG DEVCO). While accounting for the evolution of DG DEVCO towards an evidence-based organisation and the still missing elements for becoming a learning organisation, the analysis shows that learning organisation as an institutional label should be used carefully and applied only when specific organisational learning sources are used, in relation to specific processes of knowledge acquisition and governance arrangements.
{"title":"From organisational learning and knowledge acquisition to the learning organisation: the case of the European Commission through DG DEVCO","authors":"Ileana Daniela Serban","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1953308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1953308","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current article looks at types of organisational learning and connects them with knowledge acquisition processes and governance arrangements. Conceptually, it contributes by placing organisational learning within the broader context of knowledge production and governance. Moreover, it questions the learning organisation concept by showing that depending on the type of organisational learning, we may witness or not the emergence of learning organisations. Empirically, the analysis proceeds by applying the proposed theoretical lenses to the case of the European Commission’s learning journey, and more specifically to the case of the Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development (DG DEVCO). While accounting for the evolution of DG DEVCO towards an evidence-based organisation and the still missing elements for becoming a learning organisation, the analysis shows that learning organisation as an institutional label should be used carefully and applied only when specific organisational learning sources are used, in relation to specific processes of knowledge acquisition and governance arrangements.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"23 1","pages":"754 - 771"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1953308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41457646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-07DOI: 10.1080/23745118.2021.1935579
M. Lisi
ABSTRACT The steady weakening of the relationship between parties and civil society, in particular trade unions, has been the subject of considerable research. The same cannot be said, however, of the programmatic salience assigned by political parties to labour issues. This paper aims to explore how different party families relate to labour through a quantitative and qualitative approach. First, data from the MARPOR/Comparative Manifestos Project is used to compare the relative salience of labour in distinct party families, thus allowing us to analyse trends over time and across countries. Second, we focus on Southern Europe, before and after the crisis, to conduct a qualitative analysis of left-of-centre party positions toward labour. The findings suggest that labour issues are less salient in contemporary party platforms and that the mainstream left depoliticised this dimension of competition over the last decades. The historical links between parties and trade unions, the ideological legacies of left-of-centre parties and electoral pressures are the main factors that explain variations of party positions toward labour.
{"title":"Labour and left-wing parties’ programmatic orientations: salience, valence and the impact of the Great Recession","authors":"M. Lisi","doi":"10.1080/23745118.2021.1935579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23745118.2021.1935579","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The steady weakening of the relationship between parties and civil society, in particular trade unions, has been the subject of considerable research. The same cannot be said, however, of the programmatic salience assigned by political parties to labour issues. This paper aims to explore how different party families relate to labour through a quantitative and qualitative approach. First, data from the MARPOR/Comparative Manifestos Project is used to compare the relative salience of labour in distinct party families, thus allowing us to analyse trends over time and across countries. Second, we focus on Southern Europe, before and after the crisis, to conduct a qualitative analysis of left-of-centre party positions toward labour. The findings suggest that labour issues are less salient in contemporary party platforms and that the mainstream left depoliticised this dimension of competition over the last decades. The historical links between parties and trade unions, the ideological legacies of left-of-centre parties and electoral pressures are the main factors that explain variations of party positions toward labour.","PeriodicalId":53479,"journal":{"name":"European Politics and Society","volume":"23 1","pages":"735 - 753"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23745118.2021.1935579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46688657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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