Pub Date : 2020-11-20DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.24
C. Rattanakul, Y. Lenbury
COVID-19 could affect the global and local economy mainly by directly affecting production, by creation of disruption in supply chains and markets, as well as through its financial impact on firms and markets and organizations. However, the extent to which the impact is felt depends a great deal on the how governments and the public react to the disease. Here, a model is proposed to investigate the effect of the spread of corona virus infection and the consequent measures taken in response to its spread to lessen its impacts on the society and the economy. The interaction between the number of infected individuals and the variations in the national Growth Product, GDP, is modeled by a system of impulsive non-linear difference equations with delays. We are specifically interested in how different lock down measures effect business recovery as reflected by the national GDP. The model is analyzed to obtain valuable insights as to the factors that could yield different successes in the pandemic control and business recovery in various scenarios. Based on data of newly infected cases and cumulative cases weekly in Thailand, the model is simulated in a variety of scenarios to illustrate how different strategies and lockdown measures may give rise to different recovery rates.
{"title":"Model analysis and simulation on impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the economy: a case study of Thailand’s GDP and its lock down measures","authors":"C. Rattanakul, Y. Lenbury","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.24","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 could affect the global and local economy mainly by directly affecting production, by creation of disruption in supply chains and markets, as well as through its financial impact on firms and markets and organizations. However, the extent to which the impact is felt depends a great deal on the how governments and the public react to the disease. Here, a model is proposed to investigate the effect of the spread of corona virus infection and the consequent measures taken in response to its spread to lessen its impacts on the society and the economy. The interaction between the number of infected individuals and the variations in the national Growth Product, GDP, is modeled by a system of impulsive non-linear difference equations with delays. We are specifically interested in how different lock down measures effect business recovery as reflected by the national GDP. The model is analyzed to obtain valuable insights as to the factors that could yield different successes in the pandemic control and business recovery in various scenarios. Based on data of newly infected cases and cumulative cases weekly in Thailand, the model is simulated in a variety of scenarios to illustrate how different strategies and lockdown measures may give rise to different recovery rates.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45098043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-10DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.23
Organophosphate exposure, via foodproducts circulated within the EU member states, is monitored byvarious researchers and the results are provided to theircorresponding national authorities or to official European monitoringbodies. Different analytical methods for the detection of pesticideresidues in food products are applied, although the most preferablemethod used lately in private or educational laboratories is theQuEChERS method (a solid phase extraction technique) whereas theultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system isgradually gaining ground in regard to pesticide residue trace analysis.This review focused on analyzing, from collected published data, thepreferred methods for the detection of organophosphate pesticideresidues in food products from the European Union AgriculturalSector. Even though a European legislation exists and applies strictguidelines, regulations and even bans, in order to reduce the use ofpersistent pesticides and to encourage the development of targetspecific pesticides, this review shows the current state for monitoringand detecting pesticide residues in general, as well as their possibledrawbacks and possible active solutions for pesticide monitoring intoday’s agriculture sector. In addition, results in the existing literatureare sufficient to demonstrate the difference in efficiency formonitoring and detecting organophosphate pesticide residues,however, more studies are needed to evaluate the available analyticaltechniques so as to strengthen the existing literature and to confirmthe existing data.
{"title":"Pesticide residue monitoring in the EuropeanUnion Agricultural Sector via modern analyticaltechniques.A review on Organophosphates","authors":"","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.23","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphate exposure, via foodproducts circulated within the EU member states, is monitored byvarious researchers and the results are provided to theircorresponding national authorities or to official European monitoringbodies. Different analytical methods for the detection of pesticideresidues in food products are applied, although the most preferablemethod used lately in private or educational laboratories is theQuEChERS method (a solid phase extraction technique) whereas theultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system isgradually gaining ground in regard to pesticide residue trace analysis.This review focused on analyzing, from collected published data, thepreferred methods for the detection of organophosphate pesticideresidues in food products from the European Union AgriculturalSector. Even though a European legislation exists and applies strictguidelines, regulations and even bans, in order to reduce the use ofpersistent pesticides and to encourage the development of targetspecific pesticides, this review shows the current state for monitoringand detecting pesticide residues in general, as well as their possibledrawbacks and possible active solutions for pesticide monitoring intoday’s agriculture sector. In addition, results in the existing literatureare sufficient to demonstrate the difference in efficiency formonitoring and detecting organophosphate pesticide residues,however, more studies are needed to evaluate the available analyticaltechniques so as to strengthen the existing literature and to confirmthe existing data.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48465679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-06DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-102661/v1
Mayssa A. Traboulsi, Zainab El Alaoui Talibi, A. Boussaid
Preterm Birth (PTB) can negatively affect the health of mothers as well as infants. Prediction of this gynecological complication remains difficult especially in Middle and Low-Income countries because of limited access to specific tests and data collection scarcity. Machine learning methods have been used to predict PTB but the low prevalence of this pregnancy complication led to rather low prediction values. The objective of this study was to produce a nomogram based on improved prediction for low prevalence PTB using up sampling and lasso penalized regression. We used data from a cohort study in Northern Lebanon of 922 multiparous presenting a PTB prevalence of 8%. We analyzed the personal, demographic, and health indicators available for this group of women. The improved Positive Predictive Value for PTB reached around 88%. The regression coefficients of the 6 selected variables (Pre-hemorrhage, Social status, Residence, Age, BMI, and Weight gain) were used to create a nomogram to screen multiparous women for PTB risk. The nomogram based on readily available indicators for multiparous women reasonably predicted most of the at PTB risk women. The physicians can use this tool to screen for women at high risk for spontaneous preterm birth to improve medical surveillance that can reduce PTB incidence.
{"title":"Nomogram to Early Screen Multiparous Women for Preterm Birth in a Cohort Study","authors":"Mayssa A. Traboulsi, Zainab El Alaoui Talibi, A. Boussaid","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-102661/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-102661/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Preterm Birth (PTB) can negatively affect the health of mothers as well as infants. Prediction of this gynecological complication remains difficult especially in Middle and Low-Income countries because of limited access to specific tests and data collection scarcity. Machine learning methods have been used to predict PTB but the low prevalence of this pregnancy complication led to rather low prediction values. The objective of this study was to produce a nomogram based on improved prediction for low prevalence PTB using up sampling and lasso penalized regression. We used data from a cohort study in Northern Lebanon of 922 multiparous presenting a PTB prevalence of 8%. We analyzed the personal, demographic, and health indicators available for this group of women. The improved Positive Predictive Value for PTB reached around 88%. The regression coefficients of the 6 selected variables (Pre-hemorrhage, Social status, Residence, Age, BMI, and Weight gain) were used to create a nomogram to screen multiparous women for PTB risk. The nomogram based on readily available indicators for multiparous women reasonably predicted most of the at PTB risk women. The physicians can use this tool to screen for women at high risk for spontaneous preterm birth to improve medical surveillance that can reduce PTB incidence.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45242835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.22
Atherosclerosis is a potentially serious illness where arteries become clogged with fatty substances called plaques. Over the years, this pathological condition has been deeply studied and computational fluid dynamics has played an important role in investigating the blood flow behavior. Commonly, the blood flow is assumed to be laminar and a Newtonian fluid. However, under a stenotic condition, the blood behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid and the pulsatile blood flow through coronary arteries could result in a transition from laminar to turbulent flow condition. The present study aims to analyze and compare numerically the blood flow behavior, applying the k-ω SST model and a laminar assumption. The effects of Newtonian and non-Newtonian (Carreau) models were also studied. In addition, the effect of the stenosis degree on velocity fields and wall shear stress based descriptors were evaluated. According to the results, the turbulent model is shown to give a better overall representation of pulsatile flow in stenotic arteries. Regarding, the effect of non-Newtonian modeling, it was found to be more significant in wall shear stress measurements than in velocity profiles. In addition, the appearance of recirculation zones in the 50% stenotic model was observed during systole, and a low TAWSS and high OSI were detected downstream of the stenosis which, in turn, are risk factors for plaque formation. Finally, the turbulence intensity measurements allowed to distinguish regions of recirculating and disturbed flow.
{"title":"Modeling Blood Pulsatile Turbulent Flow in Stenotic Coronary Arteries","authors":"","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.22","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis is a potentially serious illness where arteries become clogged with fatty substances called plaques. Over the years, this pathological condition has been deeply studied and computational fluid dynamics has played an important role in investigating the blood flow behavior. Commonly, the blood flow is assumed to be laminar and a Newtonian fluid. However, under a stenotic condition, the blood behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid and the pulsatile blood flow through coronary arteries could result in a transition from laminar to turbulent flow condition. The present study aims to analyze and compare numerically the blood flow behavior, applying the k-ω SST model and a laminar assumption. The effects of Newtonian and non-Newtonian (Carreau) models were also studied. In addition, the effect of the stenosis degree on velocity fields and wall shear stress based descriptors were evaluated. According to the results, the turbulent model is shown to give a better overall representation of pulsatile flow in stenotic arteries. Regarding, the effect of non-Newtonian modeling, it was found to be more significant in wall shear stress measurements than in velocity profiles. In addition, the appearance of recirculation zones in the 50% stenotic model was observed during systole, and a low TAWSS and high OSI were detected downstream of the stenosis which, in turn, are risk factors for plaque formation. Finally, the turbulence intensity measurements allowed to distinguish regions of recirculating and disturbed flow.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70491507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-19DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.21
The relevance of the problem discussed in the article is connected to the fact that mandatory athletes’ vaccination before competitions leads to the change in the function of the muscular system, the mechanisms of which have not yet been fully clarified. The purpose of the article is to determine the mechanism of a mouse skeletal muscles adaptation (SM) ("fast" (in case of m.edl) and "slow" (in case of m.soleus) in case of allergic alteration. The following research methods were used in the presented work: registration of the constrictive function of the abovementioned muscles in vitro to the humoral constriction initiators (carbacholinum and KCI) and determination of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level in them, just as the indicators of the oxidant and antioxidant equilibrium. It has been demonstrated that the change in the “slow” muscle strength correlates with the MDA level dynamics, evidently, reflects the adaptation processes during the allergic modification. "Fast" muscles turn out to be more sustainable to oxidative stress which is most probably achieved by the work of compensatory mechanisms and is expressed in quite minor changes in the MDA dynamics. The article can be used in the search of the new possibilities for the correction of the locomotor muscles function in the conditions of the allergy, аnd also while the therapeutic impact strategy is determined, taking into account their fiber composition.
{"title":"Adaptive Mechanisms of a Mouse Locomotor Muscles \"M. Soleus\" and \"M. Edl\" the Conditions of the Allergic Modification of the Organism","authors":"","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.21","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the problem discussed in the article is connected to the fact that mandatory athletes’ vaccination before competitions leads to the change in the function of the muscular system, the mechanisms of which have not yet been fully clarified. The purpose of the article is to determine the mechanism of a mouse skeletal muscles adaptation (SM) (\"fast\" (in case of m.edl) and \"slow\" (in case of m.soleus) in case of allergic alteration. The following research methods were used in the presented work: registration of the constrictive function of the abovementioned muscles in vitro to the humoral constriction initiators (carbacholinum and KCI) and determination of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level in them, just as the indicators of the oxidant and antioxidant equilibrium. It has been demonstrated that the change in the “slow” muscle strength correlates with the MDA level dynamics, evidently, reflects the adaptation processes during the allergic modification. \"Fast\" muscles turn out to be more sustainable to oxidative stress which is most probably achieved by the work of compensatory mechanisms and is expressed in quite minor changes in the MDA dynamics. The article can be used in the search of the new possibilities for the correction of the locomotor muscles function in the conditions of the allergy, аnd also while the therapeutic impact strategy is determined, taking into account their fiber composition.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47283002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-24DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.19
Effective segmentation of electromyography (EMG) burst that synchronizes with electroencephalography (EEG) for long-duration recording is important steps to better understand the quantification of brain-muscle connectivity in periodic motoric activities. The work proposes an alternative automatic EMG segmentation scheme consists of four main steps, i.e. denoising of EMG burst signal using discrete wavelet transform, enveloping signal using time-windows averaging of RMS amplitude, an adaptive threshold to detect start/end burst envelope with accommodation of muscle contraction characteristic and the final step is conversion enveloping signal to binary segmentation signal.The proposed scheme is evaluated to detect contraction period/duration of EMG for the subject under repetitive holding and releasing grasp using a physiotherapy device. During exercise, the bio-amplifier board is customized to acquire simultaneous EEG and EMG from the region of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) of muscle and cortical motor of the brain, with total 284 EMG burst that counting by manual segmentation. The automatic segmentation can detect the total EMG burst by 6.25% error of false burst detection.The usefulness of proposed scheme is also tested to association analysis according to the power of EMG burst and the power of mu-wave of EEG recorded on the motor cortex. The changing trend of the power of mu-wave associated with muscle relaxation, muscle contraction strength and the synchronization level on the motor cortex during exercise are analyzed with integrated information that is relevant with biofeedback concept. The results demonstrate that proposed scheme has potential to be an effective method for the evaluation of biofeedback rehabilitation exercise.
{"title":"Automatic Segmentation Scheme for Effective Synchronization of EMG-EEG Quantification","authors":"","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.19","url":null,"abstract":"Effective segmentation of electromyography (EMG) burst that synchronizes with electroencephalography (EEG) for long-duration recording is important steps to better understand the quantification of brain-muscle connectivity in periodic motoric activities. The work proposes an alternative automatic EMG segmentation scheme consists of four main steps, i.e. denoising of EMG burst signal using discrete wavelet transform, enveloping signal using time-windows averaging of RMS amplitude, an adaptive threshold to detect start/end burst envelope with accommodation of muscle contraction characteristic and the final step is conversion enveloping signal to binary segmentation signal.The proposed scheme is evaluated to detect contraction period/duration of EMG for the subject under repetitive holding and releasing grasp using a physiotherapy device. During exercise, the bio-amplifier board is customized to acquire simultaneous EEG and EMG from the region of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) of muscle and cortical motor of the brain, with total 284 EMG burst that counting by manual segmentation. The automatic segmentation can detect the total EMG burst by 6.25% error of false burst detection.The usefulness of proposed scheme is also tested to association analysis according to the power of EMG burst and the power of mu-wave of EEG recorded on the motor cortex. The changing trend of the power of mu-wave associated with muscle relaxation, muscle contraction strength and the synchronization level on the motor cortex during exercise are analyzed with integrated information that is relevant with biofeedback concept. The results demonstrate that proposed scheme has potential to be an effective method for the evaluation of biofeedback rehabilitation exercise.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41666429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.18
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is atechnology that enables a human to communicate with anexternal stratagem to achieve the desired result. This paperpresents a Motor Imagery (MI) – Electroencephalography(EEG) signal based robotic hand movements of lifting anddropping of an external robotic arm. The MI-EEG signalswere extracted using a 3-channel electrode system with theAD8232 amplifier. The electrodes were placed on threelocations, namely, C3, C4, and right mastoid. Signalprocessing methods namely, Butterworth filter and Sym-9Wavelet Packet Decomposition (WPD) were applied on theextracted EEG signals to de-noise the raw EEG signal.Statistical features like entropy, variance, standarddeviation, covariance, and spectral centroid were extractedfrom the de-noised signals. The statistical features werethen applied to train a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) -Deep Neural Network (DNN) to classify the hand movementinto two classes; ‘No Hand Movement’ and ’HandMovement’. The resultant k-fold cross-validated accuracyachieved was 85.41% and other classification metrics, suchas precision, recall sensitivity, specificity, and F1 Score werealso calculated. The trained model was interfaced withArduino to move the robotic arm according to the classpredicted by the DNN model in a real-time environment.The proposed end to end low-cost deep learning frameworkprovides a substantial improvement in real-time BCI.
{"title":"A Deep Learning Approach for Robotic Arm Control using Brain-Computer Interface","authors":"","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.18","url":null,"abstract":"Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is atechnology that enables a human to communicate with anexternal stratagem to achieve the desired result. This paperpresents a Motor Imagery (MI) – Electroencephalography(EEG) signal based robotic hand movements of lifting anddropping of an external robotic arm. The MI-EEG signalswere extracted using a 3-channel electrode system with theAD8232 amplifier. The electrodes were placed on threelocations, namely, C3, C4, and right mastoid. Signalprocessing methods namely, Butterworth filter and Sym-9Wavelet Packet Decomposition (WPD) were applied on theextracted EEG signals to de-noise the raw EEG signal.Statistical features like entropy, variance, standarddeviation, covariance, and spectral centroid were extractedfrom the de-noised signals. The statistical features werethen applied to train a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) -Deep Neural Network (DNN) to classify the hand movementinto two classes; ‘No Hand Movement’ and ’HandMovement’. The resultant k-fold cross-validated accuracyachieved was 85.41% and other classification metrics, suchas precision, recall sensitivity, specificity, and F1 Score werealso calculated. The trained model was interfaced withArduino to move the robotic arm according to the classpredicted by the DNN model in a real-time environment.The proposed end to end low-cost deep learning frameworkprovides a substantial improvement in real-time BCI.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44671071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-25DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.17
Riani, Oemarno
The use of plant promoting bacteria inexperimental land in Mayungan village, Tabanan, Bali is aneffort to reduce the use of chemicals during Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L. Ssp.pekinensis) cultivation.This researchwas conducted to determine variations in the treatment ofplant-promoting bacteria on the quality of Chinese cabbageproduced. Chinese cabbage results from variations in thetreatment of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)compared with Chinese cabbage obtained from conventionalfarmers. This research uses factorial randomized block designwith 2 factors. The first factor is the duration of the seedssoaking with PGPR solution namely 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes,while the second factor is the use of PGPR concentrationswhen watering the plants in the beds (plant age 2 weeks),namely: 0; 1.25; 2.5 and 3.75 cm3/L. Data from laboratoryanalysis results were analyzed using analysis of variance, thenthe data analyzed by using the Tukey test at the 5% level, thedata processing using the Minitab17 program. Determinationof the best treatment is determined based on the effectivenessindex (EI) method. In the treatment variation of the use ofPGPR slightly increases the levels of organic matter andNitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium of the soil, while the yieldand plant height are slightly below Chinese cabbage whichderived from conventional farmers. Based on the researchresults variations in the use of PGPR has the influence on thechlorophyll content, total dissolved solids, texture, brightnesslevels, but does not has an influence on the vitamin C inChinese cabbage. The research results obtained Chinesecabbage with seed soaking for 20 minutes and the use ofPGPR when watering plants in the beds equal to 2.5 cm3/L isthe best result, these results are almost the same as Chinesecabbage from conventional farmers
{"title":"The Influence Of Treatment Variation Of Plant Promoting Bacteria In Cultivation On The Quality Of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. Ssp.pekinensis)","authors":"Riani, Oemarno","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.17","url":null,"abstract":"The use of plant promoting bacteria inexperimental land in Mayungan village, Tabanan, Bali is aneffort to reduce the use of chemicals during Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L. Ssp.pekinensis) cultivation.This researchwas conducted to determine variations in the treatment ofplant-promoting bacteria on the quality of Chinese cabbageproduced. Chinese cabbage results from variations in thetreatment of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)compared with Chinese cabbage obtained from conventionalfarmers. This research uses factorial randomized block designwith 2 factors. The first factor is the duration of the seedssoaking with PGPR solution namely 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes,while the second factor is the use of PGPR concentrationswhen watering the plants in the beds (plant age 2 weeks),namely: 0; 1.25; 2.5 and 3.75 cm3/L. Data from laboratoryanalysis results were analyzed using analysis of variance, thenthe data analyzed by using the Tukey test at the 5% level, thedata processing using the Minitab17 program. Determinationof the best treatment is determined based on the effectivenessindex (EI) method. In the treatment variation of the use ofPGPR slightly increases the levels of organic matter andNitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium of the soil, while the yieldand plant height are slightly below Chinese cabbage whichderived from conventional farmers. Based on the researchresults variations in the use of PGPR has the influence on thechlorophyll content, total dissolved solids, texture, brightnesslevels, but does not has an influence on the vitamin C inChinese cabbage. The research results obtained Chinesecabbage with seed soaking for 20 minutes and the use ofPGPR when watering plants in the beds equal to 2.5 cm3/L isthe best result, these results are almost the same as Chinesecabbage from conventional farmers","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41825039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-17DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.16
I. Amanturdiev, Sayfulla G. Boboyev, M. Mirakhmedov, Akhmedjanova Gulnoza
In this paper presents obtained data onthe natural background about on tolerance of seniorgenerations of cotton hybrids to cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera) with different levels of (+) -gossypol in seeds. On the basis was obtained results,revealed that the level of (+) - gossypol in seeds doesnot significantly resistance to cotton bollworm, i.e.Confirmed the possibility of selecting new broods andlines of cotton with different levels (+) - gossypol andtolerance to Helicoverpa armigera. Results ofresearches of comparative resistance to Helicoverpaarmigera among hybrids of different generations inpetri dishes, it was established that progenies with adifferent levels of (+) - gossypol, a definite pattern isobserved for affection. Genotypes with a low level of(+)- gossypol are affected by Helicoverpa armigera to acertain extent less than hybrids with high (+)-gossypollevel. Although, the incidence of the initial accessionBC3S1-1-6-3-15 of US with a high level of gossypol doesnot preclude the possibility of developing of resistantgenotypes with a high level of (+)-gossypol, whichrequires additional researches in this direction.
{"title":"Tolerance of Genetically Distant Cotton Hybrids to Cotton Bollworm (Helicoverpa Armigera) in Depending of the Level of (+)- Gossypol in Seeds","authors":"I. Amanturdiev, Sayfulla G. Boboyev, M. Mirakhmedov, Akhmedjanova Gulnoza","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.16","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper presents obtained data onthe natural background about on tolerance of seniorgenerations of cotton hybrids to cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera) with different levels of (+) -gossypol in seeds. On the basis was obtained results,revealed that the level of (+) - gossypol in seeds doesnot significantly resistance to cotton bollworm, i.e.Confirmed the possibility of selecting new broods andlines of cotton with different levels (+) - gossypol andtolerance to Helicoverpa armigera. Results ofresearches of comparative resistance to Helicoverpaarmigera among hybrids of different generations inpetri dishes, it was established that progenies with adifferent levels of (+) - gossypol, a definite pattern isobserved for affection. Genotypes with a low level of(+)- gossypol are affected by Helicoverpa armigera to acertain extent less than hybrids with high (+)-gossypollevel. Although, the incidence of the initial accessionBC3S1-1-6-3-15 of US with a high level of gossypol doesnot preclude the possibility of developing of resistantgenotypes with a high level of (+)-gossypol, whichrequires additional researches in this direction.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42568720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-21DOI: 10.46300/91011.2020.14.13
Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder that is characterized with an elevation in the cholesterol serum levels that can be treated with various hypolipidemic drugs like rosuvastatin. The present study was undertaken to determine and evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of milk thistle seeds extract in comparison with rosuvastatin and the combination of both for the treatment of dyslipidemia in rats. Also its effect on blood glucose levels on experimentally induced dyslipidemic rats. In vivo studies were conducted on wister albino laboratory rats, in which 49 rats were induced to be dyslipidemic by a daily intragastric administration of cholesterol (2 g/kg). The induction of dyslipidemia was evaluated by comparing these rats with a negative control group that was composed of 10 healthy rats. Then, after one month dyslipidemia was induced in 49 rats that were divided into 6 groups, as the following; positive control group (n=9) received cholesterol (2 g/kg) for another one month, and the other five groups each of 8 rats continued to receive cholesterol (2 g/kg) for one month along with therapy as; rosuvastatin low dose (RL) group received 10 mg/kg, rosuvastatin high dose (RH) group received 20 mg/kg, milk thistle (MT) group received 7.15 mg/kg, (RL+MT) group received a combination of 10 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and 7.15 mg/kg of milk thistle, and (RH+MT) group received a combination of 20 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and 7.15 mg/kg of milk thistle. The statistical results of biochemical analysis showed that all the studied therapeutic protocols whether given alone; RL, RH, and MT or in a combination; RL+MT and RH+MT led to a significant (p≤0.05) hypolipidemic effect that reduced the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and increased the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. In conclusion, all therapeutic protocols were effective in treating dyslipidemia, as they all reduced the TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, and increased the HDL cholesterol significantly (p≤0.05). Furthermore, we found that milk thistle can be used in the management of dyslipidemia, as it has a hypolipidemic effect. Also, the addition of milk thistle to rosuvastatin therapy reduced the risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM), as it has a glucose modulating activity either when it was given alone or in combination with rosuvastatin. Moreover, the combination of milk thistle and rosuvastatin was of a great benefit, as it gave an intensive goal of therapy than each one alone in altering all lipid profile parameters.
{"title":"Evaluation of Lipid Lowering Effect of Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum) in Comparison with Rosuvastatin in Rats by Using Ace-alera® Analyzer","authors":"","doi":"10.46300/91011.2020.14.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2020.14.13","url":null,"abstract":"Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder that is characterized with an elevation in the cholesterol serum levels that can be treated with various hypolipidemic drugs like rosuvastatin. The present study was undertaken to determine and evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of milk thistle seeds extract in comparison with rosuvastatin and the combination of both for the treatment of dyslipidemia in rats. Also its effect on blood glucose levels on experimentally induced dyslipidemic rats. In vivo studies were conducted on wister albino laboratory rats, in which 49 rats were induced to be dyslipidemic by a daily intragastric administration of cholesterol (2 g/kg). The induction of dyslipidemia was evaluated by comparing these rats with a negative control group that was composed of 10 healthy rats. Then, after one month dyslipidemia was induced in 49 rats that were divided into 6 groups, as the following; positive control group (n=9) received cholesterol (2 g/kg) for another one month, and the other five groups each of 8 rats continued to receive cholesterol (2 g/kg) for one month along with therapy as; rosuvastatin low dose (RL) group received 10 mg/kg, rosuvastatin high dose (RH) group received 20 mg/kg, milk thistle (MT) group received 7.15 mg/kg, (RL+MT) group received a combination of 10 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and 7.15 mg/kg of milk thistle, and (RH+MT) group received a combination of 20 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and 7.15 mg/kg of milk thistle. The statistical results of biochemical analysis showed that all the studied therapeutic protocols whether given alone; RL, RH, and MT or in a combination; RL+MT and RH+MT led to a significant (p≤0.05) hypolipidemic effect that reduced the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and increased the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. In conclusion, all therapeutic protocols were effective in treating dyslipidemia, as they all reduced the TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, and increased the HDL cholesterol significantly (p≤0.05). Furthermore, we found that milk thistle can be used in the management of dyslipidemia, as it has a hypolipidemic effect. Also, the addition of milk thistle to rosuvastatin therapy reduced the risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM), as it has a glucose modulating activity either when it was given alone or in combination with rosuvastatin. Moreover, the combination of milk thistle and rosuvastatin was of a great benefit, as it gave an intensive goal of therapy than each one alone in altering all lipid profile parameters.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44395834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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