Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.46
Almuthanna K. Alkaraki, Maisam A Aldmoor, J. Lahham, S. Nusair
Medicinal plants play an essential role in preventing and treating several diseases. Classical taxonomic tools generally carry out medicinal plant identification and characterization. Unfortunately, conventional methods need well-trained taxonomists and could give a false identity for closely related species. Jordanian flora is rich in a variety of plant species. The phylogeographic architecture of Jordanian medicinal plant samples was not explored yet. This study aims to recruit DNA barcoding using matK, rbcL, and rpoC1 genes to identify different selected medicinal plants species from Jordan. These are Maerua crassifolia, Ziziphus spina-christi, Balanites aegyptiaca, Senna italica, and Moringa peregrina. Plant samples were collected from the Dead Sea area (Jordan), and three DNA barcode regions were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed using different bioinformatic tools. Twelve sequences were obtained and deposited in Genbank . These sequences showed a very good discrimination capacity with sequences retrieved from related species. The phylogenetic analysis illustrated that DNA barcoding could successfully identify the selected medicinal plant species using different chloroplast genes (rbcL, matK, and rpoC1). Further analysis for other plants species is recommended to explore the genetic relationship and the phylogeographic architecture for Jordanian flora.
{"title":"DNA Barcoding of Selected Medicinal Plant Species from Jordan Using matK, rbcL, and rpoC1 Genes","authors":"Almuthanna K. Alkaraki, Maisam A Aldmoor, J. Lahham, S. Nusair","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.46","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants play an essential role in preventing and treating several diseases. Classical taxonomic tools generally carry out medicinal plant identification and characterization. Unfortunately, conventional methods need well-trained taxonomists and could give a false identity for closely related species. Jordanian flora is rich in a variety of plant species. The phylogeographic architecture of Jordanian medicinal plant samples was not explored yet. This study aims to recruit DNA barcoding using matK, rbcL, and rpoC1 genes to identify different selected medicinal plants species from Jordan. These are Maerua crassifolia, Ziziphus spina-christi, Balanites aegyptiaca, Senna italica, and Moringa peregrina. Plant samples were collected from the Dead Sea area (Jordan), and three DNA barcode regions were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed using different bioinformatic tools. Twelve sequences were obtained and deposited in Genbank . These sequences showed a very good discrimination capacity with sequences retrieved from related species. The phylogenetic analysis illustrated that DNA barcoding could successfully identify the selected medicinal plant species using different chloroplast genes (rbcL, matK, and rpoC1). Further analysis for other plants species is recommended to explore the genetic relationship and the phylogeographic architecture for Jordanian flora.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48301731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.45
A. Filev, E. Ershova, E. Savinova, A. M. Кalakov, N. Veiko, Umriukhin Pe, S. Kostyuk
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a secretory molecule that promotes peripheral neurons synaptic transmission and plasticity by TrkB receptor activation. This is shown in cultured central nervous system (CNS) neurons, including hippocampal and cortical cholinergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons. Hypotheses suggesting that BDNF may play a potential role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia are based on the key role of BDNF in the synaptic plasticity and, consequently, regulation of cognitive functions. In the schizophrenia treatment valproic acid is used in complex combined therapy regimens. Treatment of schizophrenia patients with valproate increases the BDNF level. Since it is not yet clear whether the BDNF protein levels measured in serum samples and in the brain correlate, we investigated valproate effects on the cultured neurons Bdnf transcription level. The primary neuron-glia culture was obtained from the cerebellum of 8-9-day-old Wistar rats. Valproic acid was added to the neurons (at a concentration of 50 µg/ml), oxidative stress was stimulated by 40 µMof H2O2, and injury was caused by mechanical damage to the neuron culture. It was shown that valproic acid in 3-24 hours increases the transcriptional activity of the Bdnf and Ngf (nerve growth factor) genes 2–2.5-fold (p<0.01) and approximately 1.5-fold (p<0.01), respectively. Mechanical trauma, unlike oxidative stress, activates the transcriptional activity of the Ngf and Bdnf genes (p<0.01). However, under oxidative stress and mechanical damage to neurons, the effect of valproic acid on the Ngf and Bdnf genes expression was insignificant. Fluorescence microscopy analysis using specific antibodies to neurons (anti-Map-2) showed that in the presence of valproic acid, the number of neuronal processes and contacts between them significantly increased. Evidently, valproate addition to antipsychotics can be effective for the overall clinical response. Relatively little research has been done on the signaling pathways in neurons that are activated by the valproic acid. However, we have obtained evidence of activation of the Ngf and Bdnf genes transcription in cultured neurons in vitro. We also found that in the presence of valproic acid, the number of neuronal processes and contacts between them significantly increased. However, we have also found that the oxidative stress accompanying the schizophrenia can significantly reduce the valproic acid effect on the Ngf and Bdnf genes expression. The results of the study may be potentially useful for new schizophrenia therapy strategies development.
{"title":"The Effect of Valproic Acid on the Transcriptional Activity of Ngf and Bdnf Genes of in Vitro Cultured Neurons Under Oxidative Stress Conditions","authors":"A. Filev, E. Ershova, E. Savinova, A. M. Кalakov, N. Veiko, Umriukhin Pe, S. Kostyuk","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.45","url":null,"abstract":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a secretory molecule that promotes peripheral neurons synaptic transmission and plasticity by TrkB receptor activation. This is shown in cultured central nervous system (CNS) neurons, including hippocampal and cortical cholinergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons. Hypotheses suggesting that BDNF may play a potential role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia are based on the key role of BDNF in the synaptic plasticity and, consequently, regulation of cognitive functions. In the schizophrenia treatment valproic acid is used in complex combined therapy regimens. Treatment of schizophrenia patients with valproate increases the BDNF level. Since it is not yet clear whether the BDNF protein levels measured in serum samples and in the brain correlate, we investigated valproate effects on the cultured neurons Bdnf transcription level. The primary neuron-glia culture was obtained from the cerebellum of 8-9-day-old Wistar rats. Valproic acid was added to the neurons (at a concentration of 50 µg/ml), oxidative stress was stimulated by 40 µMof H2O2, and injury was caused by mechanical damage to the neuron culture. It was shown that valproic acid in 3-24 hours increases the transcriptional activity of the Bdnf and Ngf (nerve growth factor) genes 2–2.5-fold (p<0.01) and approximately 1.5-fold (p<0.01), respectively. Mechanical trauma, unlike oxidative stress, activates the transcriptional activity of the Ngf and Bdnf genes (p<0.01). However, under oxidative stress and mechanical damage to neurons, the effect of valproic acid on the Ngf and Bdnf genes expression was insignificant. Fluorescence microscopy analysis using specific antibodies to neurons (anti-Map-2) showed that in the presence of valproic acid, the number of neuronal processes and contacts between them significantly increased. Evidently, valproate addition to antipsychotics can be effective for the overall clinical response. Relatively little research has been done on the signaling pathways in neurons that are activated by the valproic acid. However, we have obtained evidence of activation of the Ngf and Bdnf genes transcription in cultured neurons in vitro. We also found that in the presence of valproic acid, the number of neuronal processes and contacts between them significantly increased. However, we have also found that the oxidative stress accompanying the schizophrenia can significantly reduce the valproic acid effect on the Ngf and Bdnf genes expression. The results of the study may be potentially useful for new schizophrenia therapy strategies development.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44209257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.44
A. M. Domracheva, I. A. Safonova, A. O. Denisenko, D. Sozaeva, S. Berezhanskaya, A. Afonin, I. Panova, S. Dombayan, T. A. Afonina
In order to study the perception of patients operated on for pituitary adenoma, their disease, the types of response to the disease, as well as the influence of the type of internal picture of the disease ((VKB) on the success of the treatment and rehabilitation process, 52 patients (24 men, 28 women) aged from 32 to 46 years old (mean age – 37,7 ± 1,2 years), operated on for pituitary adenoma Analysis of medical records, interviews, assessment of the patient's condition using a number of rating scales and psychodiagnostic techniques to determine the type of attitude to the disease revealed in patients a high level of nosogenic stress reactions and a significant predominance of a maladaptive attitude towards an intrapsychic disease (92,3%). The presence of the dominant maladaptive type of VKB in patients significantly reduces the socio-psychological adaptation in the postoperative period. Under these conditions, in the process of forming a strategy of postoperative neurorehabilitation for the successful restoration of the psychosocial status of patients with pituitary adenomas, it is necessary to take into account the nature of maladaptive personality reactions.
{"title":"Internal Picture of the Disease as a Success Factor of Postoperative Neurorehabilitation in Patients with Pituitary Adenoma","authors":"A. M. Domracheva, I. A. Safonova, A. O. Denisenko, D. Sozaeva, S. Berezhanskaya, A. Afonin, I. Panova, S. Dombayan, T. A. Afonina","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.44","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the perception of patients operated on for pituitary adenoma, their disease, the types of response to the disease, as well as the influence of the type of internal picture of the disease ((VKB) on the success of the treatment and rehabilitation process, 52 patients (24 men, 28 women) aged from 32 to 46 years old (mean age – 37,7 ± 1,2 years), operated on for pituitary adenoma Analysis of medical records, interviews, assessment of the patient's condition using a number of rating scales and psychodiagnostic techniques to determine the type of attitude to the disease revealed in patients a high level of nosogenic stress reactions and a significant predominance of a maladaptive attitude towards an intrapsychic disease (92,3%). The presence of the dominant maladaptive type of VKB in patients significantly reduces the socio-psychological adaptation in the postoperative period. Under these conditions, in the process of forming a strategy of postoperative neurorehabilitation for the successful restoration of the psychosocial status of patients with pituitary adenomas, it is necessary to take into account the nature of maladaptive personality reactions.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46482280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.43
N. Ahmad, L. Hakim, C. Retnaningdyah, B. Yanuwiadi
The purpose of this study is to describe the presence of species diversity and composition in Bratas River. Fish sampling was conducted in dry and rainy seasons in five locations, namely Batu City, Blitar City, Tulungagung regency, Jombang Regency, and Mojokerto Regency, East Java. This study collected 295 individual fishes belonging to 12 species. The 162 individuals were obtained in the dry season, while 133 individuals were captured in rainy season. The most dominant species was mujahir (Oreochromis mosambica) followed by keting (Mystus paniceps) and kutuk (Channa striata). The fish abundance significantly varied among study sites, while that of species richness and diversity did not differ significantly. Fish diversity in high elevation was the lowest, while that in relatively middle elevation was the highest. Compared to the previous report, fish species diversity in Brantas was decreasing, some species were not found. Three species were considered as exotic include Oreochromis mosambica, Clarias batracus, Oreochromis niloticus.
{"title":"Diversity of Fish Species in Several Sites Along the Brantas River East Java Indonesia","authors":"N. Ahmad, L. Hakim, C. Retnaningdyah, B. Yanuwiadi","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.43","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to describe the presence of species diversity and composition in Bratas River. Fish sampling was conducted in dry and rainy seasons in five locations, namely Batu City, Blitar City, Tulungagung regency, Jombang Regency, and Mojokerto Regency, East Java. This study collected 295 individual fishes belonging to 12 species. The 162 individuals were obtained in the dry season, while 133 individuals were captured in rainy season. The most dominant species was mujahir (Oreochromis mosambica) followed by keting (Mystus paniceps) and kutuk (Channa striata). The fish abundance significantly varied among study sites, while that of species richness and diversity did not differ significantly. Fish diversity in high elevation was the lowest, while that in relatively middle elevation was the highest. Compared to the previous report, fish species diversity in Brantas was decreasing, some species were not found. Three species were considered as exotic include Oreochromis mosambica, Clarias batracus, Oreochromis niloticus.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45470839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-11DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.42
Jung-Hyun Ban, Tae-ho Kim
The purpose of this study was to identify changes in the center of pressure during stair ascending in subjects with chronic ankle instability while different angles of foot are applied. The subjects of this study were 20 male and female adults with chronic ankle instability were selected from among the employees of D Hospital in Daegu Metropolitan City. The criteria for selection of subjects with chronic ankle instability were those who felt wobbling in the ankle joint and scored not higher than 24 points in a test using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). The subjects carried out stair ascending in neutral, toe-in and toe-out postures, respectively, and changes in the center of pressure (COP) were compared and analyzed. The results of this study, no statistically significant difference appeared in the comparison between the toe-in posture and neutral posture or between the neutral posture and the toe-out posture but medial/lateral movements of the center of pressure showed significant differences between the toe-in and toe-out postures. In addition, the total travel range and the moving range of the center of pressure, the average velocity, and the anterior/posterior movements of the center of pressure showed no statistically significant difference among all three postures. As a result, it could be seen that when adults with chronic ankle instability climb the stairs, the toe-in posture reduce the medial/lateral movements of the center of pressure thereby increasing the stability of the ankle and effectively preventing re-injuries.
{"title":"Influence of Foot Progression Angle on Center of Pressure During Stair Ascending in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability","authors":"Jung-Hyun Ban, Tae-ho Kim","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.42","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to identify changes in the center of pressure during stair ascending in subjects with chronic ankle instability while different angles of foot are applied. The subjects of this study were 20 male and female adults with chronic ankle instability were selected from among the employees of D Hospital in Daegu Metropolitan City. The criteria for selection of subjects with chronic ankle instability were those who felt wobbling in the ankle joint and scored not higher than 24 points in a test using the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). The subjects carried out stair ascending in neutral, toe-in and toe-out postures, respectively, and changes in the center of pressure (COP) were compared and analyzed. The results of this study, no statistically significant difference appeared in the comparison between the toe-in posture and neutral posture or between the neutral posture and the toe-out posture but medial/lateral movements of the center of pressure showed significant differences between the toe-in and toe-out postures. In addition, the total travel range and the moving range of the center of pressure, the average velocity, and the anterior/posterior movements of the center of pressure showed no statistically significant difference among all three postures. As a result, it could be seen that when adults with chronic ankle instability climb the stairs, the toe-in posture reduce the medial/lateral movements of the center of pressure thereby increasing the stability of the ankle and effectively preventing re-injuries.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43566390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.37
O. V. Bilokon, E. Shaida, P. Sokur, B. O. Kravchuk
Today, it is relevant to search for new, better methods of surgical treatment of tumors and organ-preserving and video-assisted surgery is gaining more and more popularity. The aim of the study was to improve the results of surgical treatment of children with primary and secondary (metastatic) lung tumors using high-frequency live tissue welding (HF LTW) in order to increase the treatment effectiveness. Novelty of the study lies in the expanding the knowledge of the new researched method, for enhancement of survivability relatively to chemotherapy and radiation methods, that are studied in the previous works. Advantages of the introduced method are bloodless, fast, low traumatic operations 103 case reports in children with primary and metastatic lung tumors were analyzed, including 34 patients with benign and malignant lung tumors and 69 children with metastatic bronchial and pulmonary lesions undergoing treatment from 2002 to 2018 were examined. Benign lung tumors were diagnosed in 17 patients. Malignant tumors were observed in 17 patients, including 11 lung carcinoid tumors. Metastatic bronchial and pulmonary lesions most often occurred with osteosarcoma (28) and nephroblastoma (17). In 34 children with primary tumors, 37 were undergone surgical interventions. Most often, atypical resection was used – 16 (43.3%), in particular, with carcinoid – in 7 (43.8%) patients and with hamartoma – in 4 (25%) patients. In metastatic lesions, in most cases, the same resection was performed. From 58 resections 25 (43%) were performed for osteosarcoma and 15 (26%) for nephroblastoma. The HF LTW method was used in 29 patients for benign and malignant primary tumors and in 62 (73%) surgical procedures for lung metastases to remove a tumor, vascular coagulation and sealing of the lung tissue. Using HF LTW surgical operations of different directions and volumes can be performed effectively in benign, malignant and metastatic bronchial and pulmonary lesions in children.
{"title":"New Approaches to the Surgical Treatment of Lung and Bronchial Tumors in Children","authors":"O. V. Bilokon, E. Shaida, P. Sokur, B. O. Kravchuk","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.37","url":null,"abstract":"Today, it is relevant to search for new, better methods of surgical treatment of tumors and organ-preserving and video-assisted surgery is gaining more and more popularity. The aim of the study was to improve the results of surgical treatment of children with primary and secondary (metastatic) lung tumors using high-frequency live tissue welding (HF LTW) in order to increase the treatment effectiveness. Novelty of the study lies in the expanding the knowledge of the new researched method, for enhancement of survivability relatively to chemotherapy and radiation methods, that are studied in the previous works. Advantages of the introduced method are bloodless, fast, low traumatic operations 103 case reports in children with primary and metastatic lung tumors were analyzed, including 34 patients with benign and malignant lung tumors and 69 children with metastatic bronchial and pulmonary lesions undergoing treatment from 2002 to 2018 were examined. Benign lung tumors were diagnosed in 17 patients. Malignant tumors were observed in 17 patients, including 11 lung carcinoid tumors. Metastatic bronchial and pulmonary lesions most often occurred with osteosarcoma (28) and nephroblastoma (17). In 34 children with primary tumors, 37 were undergone surgical interventions. Most often, atypical resection was used – 16 (43.3%), in particular, with carcinoid – in 7 (43.8%) patients and with hamartoma – in 4 (25%) patients. In metastatic lesions, in most cases, the same resection was performed. From 58 resections 25 (43%) were performed for osteosarcoma and 15 (26%) for nephroblastoma. The HF LTW method was used in 29 patients for benign and malignant primary tumors and in 62 (73%) surgical procedures for lung metastases to remove a tumor, vascular coagulation and sealing of the lung tissue. Using HF LTW surgical operations of different directions and volumes can be performed effectively in benign, malignant and metastatic bronchial and pulmonary lesions in children.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44850761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.38
B. Dzhilkashiev, G. I. Antonov, G. Chmutin, K. Simfukwe, E. R. Miklashevich
This article defines vertebra-related causes of vertebrobasilar insufficiency in patients with the signs of tortuosity of segment VI of the VA. The aim of this study is to present the results of diagnostics of discirculatory phenomena in the vertebrobasilar system and to show their importance for differentiated surgical treatment of stenotic lesions of segment V1 of VA in pathological disorders of cerebral circulation in the VBS caused by osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. The following traditional methods are used in diagnostics: Doppler ultrasonography, multispiral computed tomography with contrast enhancement. Also using developed by the author method for determining VA reactivity and circulatory insufficiency in the vertebrobasilar system (VBS). Based on our methodology and criteria, patients were selected for different types of surgical treatment with clinical outcome prediction following interventions on the arteries of the VBS. To determine the pathologies of the intracranial segments of the vertebral and basilar arteries, taking into account the pathways of collateral compensation in the VBS, cerebral angiography is recommended before surgery on the arteries of the VBS. Reconstructive techniques used on segment VI of the VA will predictably show the best long-term clinical results. The excision of a tortuous segment VI of the VA may be effective in obtaining reliable results of successful interventions in the early postoperative period. The conservative treatment of the patients with multiple VBD lesions is possible. early outcomes of their use are satisfactory.
{"title":"Our Experience in the Treatment of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency Due to Cervical Spine Disorders","authors":"B. Dzhilkashiev, G. I. Antonov, G. Chmutin, K. Simfukwe, E. R. Miklashevich","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.38","url":null,"abstract":"This article defines vertebra-related causes of vertebrobasilar insufficiency in patients with the signs of tortuosity of segment VI of the VA. The aim of this study is to present the results of diagnostics of discirculatory phenomena in the vertebrobasilar system and to show their importance for differentiated surgical treatment of stenotic lesions of segment V1 of VA in pathological disorders of cerebral circulation in the VBS caused by osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. The following traditional methods are used in diagnostics: Doppler ultrasonography, multispiral computed tomography with contrast enhancement. Also using developed by the author method for determining VA reactivity and circulatory insufficiency in the vertebrobasilar system (VBS). Based on our methodology and criteria, patients were selected for different types of surgical treatment with clinical outcome prediction following interventions on the arteries of the VBS. To determine the pathologies of the intracranial segments of the vertebral and basilar arteries, taking into account the pathways of collateral compensation in the VBS, cerebral angiography is recommended before surgery on the arteries of the VBS. Reconstructive techniques used on segment VI of the VA will predictably show the best long-term clinical results. The excision of a tortuous segment VI of the VA may be effective in obtaining reliable results of successful interventions in the early postoperative period. The conservative treatment of the patients with multiple VBD lesions is possible. early outcomes of their use are satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42964284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.39
Denis Panaskin, Yelyzaveta Bilokon, Oleksii O. Piddiachyi
The study of the possibilities of modelling the use of neural networks while increasing the efficiency of diagnostic systems consists of creating a standard that would satisfy the conditions for maintaining the sound quality. At the same time, the effectiveness of diagnostic systems can be considered when applied both in a technological environment and in a virtual space. The relevance of the study is determined by the possibilities of using the reference sound, which forms and uses the basis of the neural networks. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that an adaptive method for creating standards of units of measurable quantities with specified accuracy characteristics is proposed, subject to limited resources. The first version of the mathematical model of the measurement procedure is formed during reproduction, storage and transmission of a unit of measurement developed on the basis of a physical model, which, in turn, is built in accordance with a priori information on the principle of reproduction (storage and transmission) of a unit of measurement, a list of informative parameters and influential quantities when measuring. The authors have developed the necessary accuracy characteristics, specified by the technical specifications and determined the resources allocated for the creation of the standard. The practical significance of the study lies in the establishment of distributed networks for sound quality measurement, mainly within the structures of the study of sound transmission between high-tech devices.
{"title":"Methods for Improving the Efficiency of Diagnostic Systems in the Neural Network-based Sound Analysis","authors":"Denis Panaskin, Yelyzaveta Bilokon, Oleksii O. Piddiachyi","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.39","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the possibilities of modelling the use of neural networks while increasing the efficiency of diagnostic systems consists of creating a standard that would satisfy the conditions for maintaining the sound quality. At the same time, the effectiveness of diagnostic systems can be considered when applied both in a technological environment and in a virtual space. The relevance of the study is determined by the possibilities of using the reference sound, which forms and uses the basis of the neural networks. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that an adaptive method for creating standards of units of measurable quantities with specified accuracy characteristics is proposed, subject to limited resources. The first version of the mathematical model of the measurement procedure is formed during reproduction, storage and transmission of a unit of measurement developed on the basis of a physical model, which, in turn, is built in accordance with a priori information on the principle of reproduction (storage and transmission) of a unit of measurement, a list of informative parameters and influential quantities when measuring. The authors have developed the necessary accuracy characteristics, specified by the technical specifications and determined the resources allocated for the creation of the standard. The practical significance of the study lies in the establishment of distributed networks for sound quality measurement, mainly within the structures of the study of sound transmission between high-tech devices.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46049647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.40
V. Smolanka, A. Smolanka, Oleksandr Sechko, O. Herasymenko
Surgery of intrinsic brainstem lesions is extremely dangerous, consequently the knowledge of anatomy and safe entry zones is extremely important. The technological progress was achieved with the widespread clinical use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) which has proven to further improve the safety of operating on intrinsic brainstem lesions. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that the tumor alters the normal anatomy and distorts the location of well-known landmarks and structures. In this regard, this paper is directed at identification of the placement of conductive pathways in the thickness of the brain stem and directly in the depth of the lesion (in the tumor or cavern), respectively to the surgical manipulations aimed at injury prevention. The results were achieved by a retrospective review of medical reports. The paper represents the results of surgical treatment of 42 patients with brainstem lesions, reviews the localization of the lesion and neurological status of patients, describes available methods of intraoperative monitoring (IOM) and on-line techniques for the brainstem surgery. The materials of the paper are of practical significance for the development of brainstem surgery with IONM modifications for wider and more comfortable use by neurosurgeons.
{"title":"Continuous Dynamic Mapping of Cranial Nerve Pathways and Long Tracts Inside the Brainstem: Useful Technique of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring","authors":"V. Smolanka, A. Smolanka, Oleksandr Sechko, O. Herasymenko","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.40","url":null,"abstract":"Surgery of intrinsic brainstem lesions is extremely dangerous, consequently the knowledge of anatomy and safe entry zones is extremely important. The technological progress was achieved with the widespread clinical use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) which has proven to further improve the safety of operating on intrinsic brainstem lesions. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that the tumor alters the normal anatomy and distorts the location of well-known landmarks and structures. In this regard, this paper is directed at identification of the placement of conductive pathways in the thickness of the brain stem and directly in the depth of the lesion (in the tumor or cavern), respectively to the surgical manipulations aimed at injury prevention. The results were achieved by a retrospective review of medical reports. The paper represents the results of surgical treatment of 42 patients with brainstem lesions, reviews the localization of the lesion and neurological status of patients, describes available methods of intraoperative monitoring (IOM) and on-line techniques for the brainstem surgery. The materials of the paper are of practical significance for the development of brainstem surgery with IONM modifications for wider and more comfortable use by neurosurgeons.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46806886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.41
O. Zyma, O. Soloviova, I. Boiko, V. A. Somina, Y. Mekh
Epidemiological surveillance of public health is an important tool for protection against viral and infectious diseases, both at the national and international levels. Its key role is played by such components as prevention, sanitary protection, compulsory vaccination, audit of the epidemic situation, special anti-epidemic measures, etc. Their implementation requires a systematic approach, which can only be ensured by professional, balanced, and scientifically sound public administration in the field of public health, including on the international scale. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a number of issues related to public administration in healthcare and epidemiological surveillance. In this article, the authors analyse the world experience of building systems that ensure sanitary and epidemiological well-being, and try to assess its impact on the effectiveness of counteracting epidemiological threats. In the course of the study, the authors investigated the structure of the system of anti-epidemic and sanitary bodies of more than forty countries of the world. The authors have left out countries with a small population (because they are characterised by universalisation, multifunctionality of public administration entities) and countries whose statistics on the spread of COVID-19 are questionable. For others, it was possible to identify three main approaches to building a system of sanitary and anti-epidemic bodies and to propose appropriate models of the institutional mechanism of public administration in the field of epidemiological well-being.
{"title":"Search for the Optimal Model of Institutional Capacity to Counteract Infectious Threats in the Modern World","authors":"O. Zyma, O. Soloviova, I. Boiko, V. A. Somina, Y. Mekh","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.41","url":null,"abstract":"Epidemiological surveillance of public health is an important tool for protection against viral and infectious diseases, both at the national and international levels. Its key role is played by such components as prevention, sanitary protection, compulsory vaccination, audit of the epidemic situation, special anti-epidemic measures, etc. Their implementation requires a systematic approach, which can only be ensured by professional, balanced, and scientifically sound public administration in the field of public health, including on the international scale. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a number of issues related to public administration in healthcare and epidemiological surveillance. In this article, the authors analyse the world experience of building systems that ensure sanitary and epidemiological well-being, and try to assess its impact on the effectiveness of counteracting epidemiological threats. In the course of the study, the authors investigated the structure of the system of anti-epidemic and sanitary bodies of more than forty countries of the world. The authors have left out countries with a small population (because they are characterised by universalisation, multifunctionality of public administration entities) and countries whose statistics on the spread of COVID-19 are questionable. For others, it was possible to identify three main approaches to building a system of sanitary and anti-epidemic bodies and to propose appropriate models of the institutional mechanism of public administration in the field of epidemiological well-being.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43677886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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