Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.36
H. N. Vidyasaraswathi, M. C. Hanumantharaju
In many clinical diagnostic measurements, medical images play some significant role but often suffer from various types of noise and low-luminance, which causes some notable changes in overall system accuracy with misdiagnosis rate. To improve the visual appearance of object regions in medical images, image enhancement techniques are used as potential pre-processing techniques. Due to its simplicity and easiness of implementation, histogram equalization is widely preferred in many applications. But due to its mapping function based image transformation during enhancement process affect the biomedical patterns which are essential for diagnosis. To mitigate these issues in medical images, a new method based on gradient computations and Texture Driven based Dynamic histogram equalization (GTDDHE) is accomplished to increase the visual perception. The spatial texture pattern is also included to ensure the texture retention and associated control over its variations during histogram modifications. Experimental results on MRI, CT images, eyes images from medical image datasets and quantitative analysis by PSNR, structural similarity index measurement (SSIM), information entropy (IE) and validated that the proposed method offers improved quality with maximum retention of biomedical patterns across all types of medical images.
{"title":"Gradient, Texture Driven Based Dynamic-Histogram Equalization For Medical Image Enhancement","authors":"H. N. Vidyasaraswathi, M. C. Hanumantharaju","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.36","url":null,"abstract":"In many clinical diagnostic measurements, medical images play some significant role but often suffer from various types of noise and low-luminance, which causes some notable changes in overall system accuracy with misdiagnosis rate. To improve the visual appearance of object regions in medical images, image enhancement techniques are used as potential pre-processing techniques. Due to its simplicity and easiness of implementation, histogram equalization is widely preferred in many applications. But due to its mapping function based image transformation during enhancement process affect the biomedical patterns which are essential for diagnosis. To mitigate these issues in medical images, a new method based on gradient computations and Texture Driven based Dynamic histogram equalization (GTDDHE) is accomplished to increase the visual perception. The spatial texture pattern is also included to ensure the texture retention and associated control over its variations during histogram modifications. Experimental results on MRI, CT images, eyes images from medical image datasets and quantitative analysis by PSNR, structural similarity index measurement (SSIM), information entropy (IE) and validated that the proposed method offers improved quality with maximum retention of biomedical patterns across all types of medical images.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41892641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.35
Nayana R. Shenoy, A. Jatti
Thyroid cancer is one of the commonly seen endocrine system cancer. Thyroid nodules appear as solid or fluid-filled masses on the thyroid. In many cases the thyroid nodules do not show any symptoms and due to this it leads to the critical situation up to death.All nodules are not cancerous and so it is very important to discriminate benign from malignant nodules. For diagnosing thyroid nodule the preferred imaging modality isUltrasound imaging.Due to inhomogeneous structure segmenting thyroid gland is a great challenge.Most of the researchers have implemented semi-automatic and automatic techniques to segment the nodules. In this paper we suggest a model to segment the region of interest by modifyingthe basic U-Netmodel. The performance metrics such as true positive, accuracy, F1-measure and dice coefficient is calculated and compared with basic model.
{"title":"Evaluation of Performance Metrics of Thyroid Segmentation by Deep Learning Technique","authors":"Nayana R. Shenoy, A. Jatti","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.35","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid cancer is one of the commonly seen endocrine system cancer. Thyroid nodules appear as solid or fluid-filled masses on the thyroid. In many cases the thyroid nodules do not show any symptoms and due to this it leads to the critical situation up to death.All nodules are not cancerous and so it is very important to discriminate benign from malignant nodules. For diagnosing thyroid nodule the preferred imaging modality isUltrasound imaging.Due to inhomogeneous structure segmenting thyroid gland is a great challenge.Most of the researchers have implemented semi-automatic and automatic techniques to segment the nodules. In this paper we suggest a model to segment the region of interest by modifyingthe basic U-Netmodel. The performance metrics such as true positive, accuracy, F1-measure and dice coefficient is calculated and compared with basic model.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45892827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.34
E. Adesina, O. Omojola, D. Imhonopi, Babatunde Adeyeye, Charity A. Ben-Enukora, Scholastica Anake
Attaining the objective of healthy lives and wellbeing Sustainable Development Goal 3 is hinged on effective health communication. This study investigates the information source usage, knowledge, attitude and practices of 200 dwellers of Lagos, Nigeria towards HIV/HBV co-infection. In this cross-sectional study, the simple random sampling method was employed in selecting 200 participants in the most populated local government in Lagos state, Nigeria. Questionnaire instrument was created, to elicit responses on four major areas: uses of information sources, knowledge, attitude, health practice towards HIV/HBV co-infection. Descriptive statistical data in percentages and cross-tabulations were employed. The study indicated that 60.4% of the respondents source for information on HIV/HBV co-infection on television. Furthermore, while 60% noted the co-infection is caused by a virus 48.5% declared that the fear of death will be their main concern if they were diagnosed with the co-infection. The result further reveals that only 26.8% of the sampled respondents have been tested for the co-infection in Lagos State. The study concludes that there is need for the creation of preventive information campaigns for awareness in order to mitigate the rising cases of HIV/HBV co-infection as well as influence persons towards healthy practices. The insight from this study would further provide a focal point of direction to government as well as non-governmental organisations working on HIV/HBV co-infection in Nigeria.
{"title":"Information Sources, Knowledge and Practice Towards HIV/ Hepatitis B Co-Infection In Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"E. Adesina, O. Omojola, D. Imhonopi, Babatunde Adeyeye, Charity A. Ben-Enukora, Scholastica Anake","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.34","url":null,"abstract":"Attaining the objective of healthy lives and wellbeing Sustainable Development Goal 3 is hinged on effective health communication. This study investigates the information source usage, knowledge, attitude and practices of 200 dwellers of Lagos, Nigeria towards HIV/HBV co-infection. In this cross-sectional study, the simple random sampling method was employed in selecting 200 participants in the most populated local government in Lagos state, Nigeria. Questionnaire instrument was created, to elicit responses on four major areas: uses of information sources, knowledge, attitude, health practice towards HIV/HBV co-infection. Descriptive statistical data in percentages and cross-tabulations were employed. The study indicated that 60.4% of the respondents source for information on HIV/HBV co-infection on television. Furthermore, while 60% noted the co-infection is caused by a virus 48.5% declared that the fear of death will be their main concern if they were diagnosed with the co-infection. The result further reveals that only 26.8% of the sampled respondents have been tested for the co-infection in Lagos State. The study concludes that there is need for the creation of preventive information campaigns for awareness in order to mitigate the rising cases of HIV/HBV co-infection as well as influence persons towards healthy practices. The insight from this study would further provide a focal point of direction to government as well as non-governmental organisations working on HIV/HBV co-infection in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47600441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.33
T. Nouioua, A. H. Belbachir
Medical imaging has found an important way for routine daily practice using cone-beam computed tomography to reconstruct a 3D volume image using the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) algorithm. This way can minimize the patient’s time exposure to X-rays. However, its implementation is very costly in computation time, which constitutes a handicap problem in practice. For this reason, the use of acceleration methods on GPU becomes a real solution. For the acceleration of the FDK algorithm, we have used the GPU on heterogeneous platforms. To take full advantage of the GPU, we have chosen useful features of the GPUs and, we have launched the acceleration of the reconstruction according to some technical criteria, namely the work-groups and the work-items. We have found that the number of parallel cores, as well as the memory bandwidth, have no effect on runtimes speedup without being rough in the choice of the number of work-items, which represents a real challenge to master in order to be able to divide them efficiently into work-groups according to the device specifications considered as principal difficulties if we do not study technically the GPU as a hardware device. After an optimized implementation using kernels launched optimally on GPU, we have deduced that the high capacities of the devices must be chosen with a rough optimization of the work-items which are divided into several work-groups according to the hardware limitations.
{"title":"Importance of Some Specifications of Heterogeneous Architectures (CPU+GPU) for 3D Cone-Beam-CT Image Reconstruction Using OpenCL","authors":"T. Nouioua, A. H. Belbachir","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.33","url":null,"abstract":"Medical imaging has found an important way for routine daily practice using cone-beam computed tomography to reconstruct a 3D volume image using the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) algorithm. This way can minimize the patient’s time exposure to X-rays. However, its implementation is very costly in computation time, which constitutes a handicap problem in practice. For this reason, the use of acceleration methods on GPU becomes a real solution. For the acceleration of the FDK algorithm, we have used the GPU on heterogeneous platforms. To take full advantage of the GPU, we have chosen useful features of the GPUs and, we have launched the acceleration of the reconstruction according to some technical criteria, namely the work-groups and the work-items. We have found that the number of parallel cores, as well as the memory bandwidth, have no effect on runtimes speedup without being rough in the choice of the number of work-items, which represents a real challenge to master in order to be able to divide them efficiently into work-groups according to the device specifications considered as principal difficulties if we do not study technically the GPU as a hardware device. After an optimized implementation using kernels launched optimally on GPU, we have deduced that the high capacities of the devices must be chosen with a rough optimization of the work-items which are divided into several work-groups according to the hardware limitations.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41350344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-19DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.32
O. Karpova, A. Alexandrova, R. Nargilova, M. Ramazanova, R. Kryldakov, B. Iskakov
Transcriptional factor DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 2A (DREB2A) induces the expression of many genes in dehydration, heat shock, and salinity in Arabidopsis. Deletion of sequence coding the 30 amino acid central region transforms full length (FL) protein DREB2A FL into a more stable and constitutively active form known as DREB2A CA. Here, using agrobacteria, a leaf disc transformation of Nicotiana tabacum v. Samsun NN was carried out by transgenes AtDREB2A-FL and AtDREB2A-CA coding the proteins with His-tag on the С-end. The effects of combinations of constitutive 35S CaMV promoter or inducible rd29A promoter with different viral or artificial 5’-untranslated regions (UTR), 5’TMV, 5’PVY, 5’AMV or 5’ARC1, known as translational enhancers were evaluated on the both transgenes’ expression. Using an antibody to His-tag, recombinant protein synthesis was detected in transgenic plants in normal and heat shock conditions. After comparative analysis, it was shown that the properties of different 5’-UTRs vary greatly and depended on separate conjunction of promoter and transgene. The integration of AtDREB2A CA under control of the rd29A promoter and 5’TMV or 5’AMV in genome effectively improved tolerance of tobacco transgenic plants to 400 mM NaCl and to drought.
{"title":"AtDREB2A Gene Expression Under Control of the Inducible Promoter and Virus 5’-untranslated Regions Improves Tolerance to Salinity in Nicotiana Tabacum","authors":"O. Karpova, A. Alexandrova, R. Nargilova, M. Ramazanova, R. Kryldakov, B. Iskakov","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.32","url":null,"abstract":"Transcriptional factor DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 2A (DREB2A) induces the expression of many genes in dehydration, heat shock, and salinity in Arabidopsis. Deletion of sequence coding the 30 amino acid central region transforms full length (FL) protein DREB2A FL into a more stable and constitutively active form known as DREB2A CA. Here, using agrobacteria, a leaf disc transformation of Nicotiana tabacum v. Samsun NN was carried out by transgenes AtDREB2A-FL and AtDREB2A-CA coding the proteins with His-tag on the С-end. The effects of combinations of constitutive 35S CaMV promoter or inducible rd29A promoter with different viral or artificial 5’-untranslated regions (UTR), 5’TMV, 5’PVY, 5’AMV or 5’ARC1, known as translational enhancers were evaluated on the both transgenes’ expression. Using an antibody to His-tag, recombinant protein synthesis was detected in transgenic plants in normal and heat shock conditions. After comparative analysis, it was shown that the properties of different 5’-UTRs vary greatly and depended on separate conjunction of promoter and transgene. The integration of AtDREB2A CA under control of the rd29A promoter and 5’TMV or 5’AMV in genome effectively improved tolerance of tobacco transgenic plants to 400 mM NaCl and to drought.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45992238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-19DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.31
F. F. Sherif, K. Ahmed
The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced to mild the risks of deadly epidemic-prone illnesses sweeping our globalized planet. The pandemic is still going strong, with additional viral variations popping up all the time. For the close to future, the international response will have to continue. The molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection may lead to False-negative results due to their genetic similarity with other coronaviruses, as well as their ability to mutate and evolve. Furthermore, the clinical features caused by SARS-CoV-2 seem to be like the symptoms of other viral infections, making identification even harder. We constructed seven hidden Markov models for each coronavirus family (SARS-CoV2, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV), using their complete genome to accurate diagnose human infections. Besides, this study characterized and classified the SARS-CoV2 strains according to their different geographical regions. We built six SARS-CoV2 classifiers for each world's continent (Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Australia). The dataset used was retrieved from the NCBI virus database. The classification accuracy of these models achieves 100% in differentiating any virus model among others in the Coronavirus family. However, the accuracy of the continent models showed a variable range of accuracies, sensitivity, and specificity due to heterogeneous evolutional paths among strains from 27 countries. South America model was the highest accurate model compared to the other geographical models. This finding has vital implications for the management of COVID-19 and the improvement of vaccines.
{"title":"Geographic Classification and Identification of SARS-CoV2 From Related Viral Sequences","authors":"F. F. Sherif, K. Ahmed","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.31","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced to mild the risks of deadly epidemic-prone illnesses sweeping our globalized planet. The pandemic is still going strong, with additional viral variations popping up all the time. For the close to future, the international response will have to continue. The molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection may lead to False-negative results due to their genetic similarity with other coronaviruses, as well as their ability to mutate and evolve. Furthermore, the clinical features caused by SARS-CoV-2 seem to be like the symptoms of other viral infections, making identification even harder. We constructed seven hidden Markov models for each coronavirus family (SARS-CoV2, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV), using their complete genome to accurate diagnose human infections. Besides, this study characterized and classified the SARS-CoV2 strains according to their different geographical regions. We built six SARS-CoV2 classifiers for each world's continent (Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Australia). The dataset used was retrieved from the NCBI virus database. The classification accuracy of these models achieves 100% in differentiating any virus model among others in the Coronavirus family. However, the accuracy of the continent models showed a variable range of accuracies, sensitivity, and specificity due to heterogeneous evolutional paths among strains from 27 countries. South America model was the highest accurate model compared to the other geographical models. This finding has vital implications for the management of COVID-19 and the improvement of vaccines.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49274869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-15DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.30
G. Gazya, V. Eskov, M. Filatov
The influence of industrial low-frequency electromagnetic fields on the human body is currently insufficiently studied. However, such fields are quite common in modern automated production, where various electric drives are used, and they significantly affect the quality of human life. This is especially evident in the conditions of the North, where special ecological factors cause significant changes in the systems of regulation of the body's functions. This study examines the influence of such fields on the parameters of the cardiovascular system of female workers in the oil and gas industry in Russia. Four groups of women were studied, differing in age and electromagnetic field exposure. As a result, the effects of influence of the fields were revealed, especially for the older age group.
{"title":"The State of the Cardiovascular System Under the Action of Industrial Electromagnetic Fields","authors":"G. Gazya, V. Eskov, M. Filatov","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.30","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of industrial low-frequency electromagnetic fields on the human body is currently insufficiently studied. However, such fields are quite common in modern automated production, where various electric drives are used, and they significantly affect the quality of human life. This is especially evident in the conditions of the North, where special ecological factors cause significant changes in the systems of regulation of the body's functions. This study examines the influence of such fields on the parameters of the cardiovascular system of female workers in the oil and gas industry in Russia. Four groups of women were studied, differing in age and electromagnetic field exposure. As a result, the effects of influence of the fields were revealed, especially for the older age group.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41684501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-14DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.27
Taeho Jun, Joong-Hwi Kim
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between dynamic stereoscopic vision and balance, and to compare our results to previous studies that sought to determine the correlation between changes in visual information and balance. Thirty-three healthy adults participated in the measurement of balance by inducing anisometropia with +0.0D, +2.0D, and +5.0D refractive lenses placed in specially made glasses that removed peripheral vision. COP data was collected via force plate and was evaluated by converting it to COP velocity. An α <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Our results show that, provided it is above a minimum threshold level, the greater the change in dynamic stereoscopic vision, the poorer the balance. And it was found that changes below a minimum threshold level did not affect the balance. These results provide a potential explanation for the complementary compensatory action of sensory information, which could not be explained previously based on the change of balance due to changes in visual information across both eyes. Given these data, it seems clear that vision correction is essential for those affected by dynamic stereoscopic vision formation disorders above a certain level in order to improve balance. On the other hand, dynamic stereoscopic vision formation disorders below a certain level can likely be improved using simple somatosensory treatments. This study will help physical therapists better consider dynamic stereoscopic vision when evaluating and conducting therapies designed to increase balance.
{"title":"Effect of Dynamic Stereoscopic Vision on Balance with Induced Anisometropia","authors":"Taeho Jun, Joong-Hwi Kim","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.27","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between dynamic stereoscopic vision and balance, and to compare our results to previous studies that sought to determine the correlation between changes in visual information and balance. Thirty-three healthy adults participated in the measurement of balance by inducing anisometropia with +0.0D, +2.0D, and +5.0D refractive lenses placed in specially made glasses that removed peripheral vision. COP data was collected via force plate and was evaluated by converting it to COP velocity. An α <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Our results show that, provided it is above a minimum threshold level, the greater the change in dynamic stereoscopic vision, the poorer the balance. And it was found that changes below a minimum threshold level did not affect the balance. These results provide a potential explanation for the complementary compensatory action of sensory information, which could not be explained previously based on the change of balance due to changes in visual information across both eyes. Given these data, it seems clear that vision correction is essential for those affected by dynamic stereoscopic vision formation disorders above a certain level in order to improve balance. On the other hand, dynamic stereoscopic vision formation disorders below a certain level can likely be improved using simple somatosensory treatments. This study will help physical therapists better consider dynamic stereoscopic vision when evaluating and conducting therapies designed to increase balance.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70491168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-14DOI: 10.46300/91011.2021.15.29
A. Vostroilov, I. Ventsova, V. Safonov
The study of the process of adaptation of the Belgian breed bovine cattle to the conditions of the Voronezh Region was based on the biochemical blood parameters and mineral metabolism. The experiment included 20 animals divided into four groups (five heads in each group): Group I – covering age heifers, Group II – heifers, Group III – first-calf cows a month after calving, Group IV – one-month-old heifers. In some groups, adaptation processes resulted in deviations from the reference values. In Group II, the level of BUN was 4.7% higher than the norm. In Groups I and IV, the levels of glucose were higher by 7.6% and 38.5%, respectively. In Groups II and III, ALT levels were higher than the norm by 9.1%; in Group I – by 15.7%. In Group II, the level of AST was higher by 5.8% in comparison with the norm. The analysis of mineral metabolism showed that the content of iron was lower than the reference values in first-calf cows in Group III and in heifers in Group IV by 14.4 and 10.8%, respectively. In Group II, the content of copper met the upper border of the reference values. In Group IV, it was elevated by 18.2% in comparison with the norm. The specified deviations indicated the intensification of the metabolic processes during the adaptation of animals to new conditions. The study results showed that the animals of the Belgian breed were capable of adaptation, which provided successful adaptation to new conditions of the Voronezh Region (Russia).
{"title":"Biochemical Blood Parameters and Mineral Metabolism in the Adaptive Period in the Bovine Cattle in the Conditions of the Voronezh Region","authors":"A. Vostroilov, I. Ventsova, V. Safonov","doi":"10.46300/91011.2021.15.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46300/91011.2021.15.29","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the process of adaptation of the Belgian breed bovine cattle to the conditions of the Voronezh Region was based on the biochemical blood parameters and mineral metabolism. The experiment included 20 animals divided into four groups (five heads in each group): Group I – covering age heifers, Group II – heifers, Group III – first-calf cows a month after calving, Group IV – one-month-old heifers. In some groups, adaptation processes resulted in deviations from the reference values. In Group II, the level of BUN was 4.7% higher than the norm. In Groups I and IV, the levels of glucose were higher by 7.6% and 38.5%, respectively. In Groups II and III, ALT levels were higher than the norm by 9.1%; in Group I – by 15.7%. In Group II, the level of AST was higher by 5.8% in comparison with the norm. The analysis of mineral metabolism showed that the content of iron was lower than the reference values in first-calf cows in Group III and in heifers in Group IV by 14.4 and 10.8%, respectively. In Group II, the content of copper met the upper border of the reference values. In Group IV, it was elevated by 18.2% in comparison with the norm. The specified deviations indicated the intensification of the metabolic processes during the adaptation of animals to new conditions. The study results showed that the animals of the Belgian breed were capable of adaptation, which provided successful adaptation to new conditions of the Voronezh Region (Russia).","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49432322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13DOI: 10.37394/23203.2021.16.33
Jin Park
The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern to improve walking ability of total knee replacement patients. In this study, 10 patients with total knee replacement were recruited from rehabilitation hospital. They were divided into two groups: a PNF group (n=5) and a control group (n=5). The PNF group received 30 minutes of continuous passive motion (CPM) and PNF training for 15 minutes five times a week for two weeks. The control group received 30 minutes of CPM and strengthening exercise for 15minutes five times a week for two weeks. Spatiotemporal parameters were measured by Biodex gait trainer 2. After the training periods, the PNF group showed a significant improvement in walking speed and step length on the non-operated side, time on each foot on the operated side (p<0.05). The results of this study showed that PNF pattern training was more effective at improving walking ability. Therefore, improve the walking ability of total knee replacement patients, PNF lower pattern should be considered.
{"title":"The Effects of PNF Pattern Training on the Walking Ability of Total Knee Replacement Patients","authors":"Jin Park","doi":"10.37394/23203.2021.16.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/23203.2021.16.33","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern to improve walking ability of total knee replacement patients. In this study, 10 patients with total knee replacement were recruited from rehabilitation hospital. They were divided into two groups: a PNF group (n=5) and a control group (n=5). The PNF group received 30 minutes of continuous passive motion (CPM) and PNF training for 15 minutes five times a week for two weeks. The control group received 30 minutes of CPM and strengthening exercise for 15minutes five times a week for two weeks. Spatiotemporal parameters were measured by Biodex gait trainer 2. After the training periods, the PNF group showed a significant improvement in walking speed and step length on the non-operated side, time on each foot on the operated side (p<0.05). The results of this study showed that PNF pattern training was more effective at improving walking ability. Therefore, improve the walking ability of total knee replacement patients, PNF lower pattern should be considered.","PeriodicalId":53488,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43580256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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