Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta最新文献

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NOTICIAS Y COMUNICADOS DE LA SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE ANÁLISIS DE LA CONDUCTA 墨西哥行为分析学会的新闻和公告

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2018-01-12 DOI: 10.5514/RMAC.V44.I2.68834

Katya Quiñones-Orozco

Esta seccion tiene la funcion de diseminar las noticias y los comentarios de interes para la Sociedad Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta. Se incluyen: las palabras del presidente de la sociedad en la inauguracion del XXVIII Congreso Mexicano de Analisis de la Conducta, informacion acerca de la Behavior Analyst Certification Board® y la acreditacion internacional para analistas de la conducta, la resena del libro Primer on learning and conditioning: a quantitative approach de Federico Sanabria y un apartado titulado Hace 40 anos en la RMAC…, que tiene como proposito recordar los articulos y a los autores que publicaron en la RMAC durante sus primeros anos.

本节的目的是传播墨西哥行为分析学会感兴趣的新闻和评论。包括:协会总统在第二十八届墨西哥行为分析大会开幕式上的讲话，关于行为分析师认证委员会®和国际行为分析师认证的信息，关于学习和条件的第一本书的评论:费德里科·萨纳布里亚(Federico Sanabria)的《定量方法》(a quantitative approach)和题为《40年前在RMAC…》(a 40 years in RMAC…)的章节，旨在回顾在RMAC早期发表的文章和作者。

引用次数: 0

SELECTION AND B. F. SKINNER: COMMENTS ON “SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATIONS TO SELECTIONISM: SKINNER’S FRAMEWORK FOR BEHAVIOR IN THE 1930S AND 1940S,” BY LEÃO AND NETO. 选择和b.f.斯金纳:对“选择主义的连续近似:斯金纳在20世纪30年代和40年代的行为框架”的评论，leÃo和neto。

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2018-01-12 DOI: 10.5514/rmac.v44.i2.68542

W. Baum

Skinner’s views about selection evolved. Leao and Neto show convincingly that his selectionism was at best nascent in the 1930s and 1940s. Their arguments persuade me that no concept of selection by consequences may be found in Skinner’s published writings in those decades.

斯金纳关于自然选择的观点不断进化。莱奥和内托令人信服地表明，他的选择主义充其量只是在20世纪30年代和40年代才萌芽。他们的论点使我相信，在斯金纳那几十年出版的作品中，可能找不到结果选择的概念。

引用次数: 0

COMMENTARY ON LEÃO AND CARVALHO NETO (2018): “SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATIONS TO SELECTIONISM: SKINNER’S FRAMEWORK FOR BEHAVIOR IN THE 1930S AND 1940S” 评论leÃo和carvalho neto(2018):“对选择主义的连续逼近:斯金纳在20世纪30年代和40年代的行为框架”

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2018-01-12 DOI: 10.5514/rmac.v44.i2.68540

J. Moore

The authors examine B. F. Skinner’s writings from the 1930s and 1940s to determine how early Skinner embraced selectionism. The authors conclude that despite an implicit commitment to selectionism during these two decades, on balance Skinner’s writings suggest a more traditional sense of antecedent, mechanistic causality based on necessity and temporal contiguity, and a stronger case can be made that Skinner’s selectionism emerged only later, in the 1950s. The present commentary generally supports the authors’ analysis, and interprets Skinner’s early writings, such as those arguing for the generic nature of stimuli and responses, as laying an important foundation for selectionism, rather than expressing a fully mature version of selectionism.

作者研究了b.f.斯金纳从20世纪30年代到40年代的作品，以确定斯金纳是如何接受选择主义的。作者得出结论，尽管在这二十年里，斯金纳的作品隐含着对选择主义的承诺，但总的来说，斯金纳的作品表明了一种更传统的先行意识，一种基于必然性和时间连续性的机械因果关系，而且可以更有力地证明，斯金纳的选择主义是在20世纪50年代才出现的。目前的评论总体上支持作者的分析，并将斯金纳的早期作品(如那些主张刺激和反应的共性)解释为为选择主义奠定了重要基础，而不是表达了一个完全成熟的选择主义版本。

引用次数: 0

EFFECTS OF A HIGH-PROBABILITY INSTRUCTIONAL SEQUENCE ON GENERALIZED FOOD CONSUMPTION 高概率教学序列对广义食品消费的影响

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2018-01-12 DOI: 10.5514/RMAC.V44.I2.68546

Varsovia Hernández Eslava, Jonathan K. Fernand

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of delivering a high-probability instructional sequence on generalized consumption of nonpreferred foods with similar properties to treatment foods. The participant was a 5-year-old, typically-developing child with a history of food selectivity. The participant was asked to complete each step of an instructional sequence in which the final step was consumption of a nonpreferred food. Praise was delivered after compliance to complete each step and a preferred food was delivered after compliance with the final step. The high-probability instructional sequence was effective in increasing consumption of nonpreferred foods and generalization was observed to nontarget foods with similar properties. The importance of tailoring procedures to treat food selectivity displayed by typically developing children is discussed.

当前研究的目的是检验提供高概率指导序列对非首选食品的普遍消费的影响，这些食品具有与治疗食品相似的特性。参与者是一名5岁的典型发育儿童，有挑食史。参与者被要求完成教学顺序的每一步，其中最后一步是食用不喜欢的食物。在完成每个步骤后给予表扬，并在完成最后一个步骤后给予首选食物。高概率教学序列在增加非首选食物的消费方面是有效的，并且观察到具有相似特性的非目标食物的推广。讨论了对典型发育儿童所表现出的食物选择性进行调整的重要性。

引用次数: 1

NOTA TÉCNICA: DISEÑO Y CONDUCCIÓN DE EXPERIMENTOS CONDUCTUALES MEDIANTE EL USO DE SCRATCH 技术说明:使用SCRATCH设计和进行行为实验

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2018-01-12 DOI: 10.5514/RMAC.V44.I2.68539

J. A. Ruiz, K. Bermúdez

El proposito del presente trabajo fue evaluar la utilidad del lenguaje de programacion libre Scratch para disenar y conducir experimentos conductuales en computadora. Scratch es un software de licencia libre, utilizable tanto en su version online como en version offline (Scratch 2.0), en sistemas operativos como Windows o Mac OS y dirigido principalmente a poblacion infantil para promover el desarrollo de habilidades en programacion mediante la creacion de videojuegos, animaciones, entre otras posibilidades. La programacion se basa en la construccion de conjuntos de bloques que controlan las acciones de los elementos que se disponen sobre un fondo y permiten la interaccion con el usuario del algoritmo programado a traves del monitor de la computadora y mediante los dispositivos perifericos de esta (teclado, raton o incluso extensiones). Se programo un procedimiento que consistio en elegir entre dos opciones que resultaban en “ganar” o “perder” a lo largo de una serie de ensayos en los que la probabilidad de ganar siguio una distribucion en forma de U invertida. El software permitio la programacion de todos los eventos experimentales, asi como el registro de las elecciones, latencias de los participantes, el numero de ensayos exitosos, entre otras variables.

本研究的目的是评估自由编程语言Scratch在设计和实施计算机行为实验方面的效用。Scratch是一个自由软件许可证,可在其在线版本在线下(Scratch 2.0版本),Windows或Mac OS操作系统作为主要面向儿童,促进能力发展不合programacion通过创作游戏,动画等可能性。programacion源于集肯尼亚的控制块,内容有关于股票和基金允许interaccion监测器的调度算法是通过用户的电脑,通过这个perifericos设备(键盘、顿甚至扩展)。在一系列的试验中，一个程序包括在两个导致“赢”或“输”的选项中进行选择，在这些试验中，获胜的概率遵循倒U形分布。该软件允许对所有实验事件进行编程，以及记录选举、参与者延迟、成功试验的数量等变量。

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引用次数: 0

SELECTION IS A MECHANISM: COMMENTARY ON LEÃO & NETO 选择是一种机制:leÃo & neto的评论

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2018-01-12 DOI: 10.5514/RMAC.V44.I2.68543

M. Marr

Leao and Neto have presented an interesting and complex history relating to Skinner’s conceptual and empirical evolution of the notion of consequences selecting patterns of behavior. As these authors are careful to note, terms like “selectionism” and “determinism” (and I would add “mechanism”) have multiple uses in the language and thus attempting to provide anything like a clear picture of just how Skinner changed in his thinking about the nature of the operant over a decade or so of quite active work is more than a challenge.

Leao和Neto提出了一段有趣而复杂的历史，涉及斯金纳关于结果选择行为模式的概念和经验演变。正如这些作者小心翼翼地指出的那样，“选择主义”和“决定论”(我想加上“机制”)等术语在语言中有多种用途，因此，试图提供任何类似斯金纳在十多年来相当活跃的工作中如何改变他对操作性本质的思考的清晰图景，不仅仅是一个挑战。

引用次数: 0

FURTHER THOUGHTS ON SKINNER’S SELECTIONISM 对斯金纳选择主义的进一步思考

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2018-01-12 DOI: 10.5514/rmac.v44.i2.68544

D. C. Palmer

Early in Skinner’s professional career, he took an important step away from the psychological essentialism that pervades the field of psychology: He observed that the relationship between behavior and its consequences was most orderly when his analytical units embraced the variability that is implicit in all selection contingencies. The view that variability is fundamental, not accidental, is the central difference between selectionism and essentialism. One reason for pursuing analogies among different levels of selection is the extraordinary power of contingencies of selection to explain adaptive complexity in nature. Apparent exceptions to the analogy between behavioral and evolutionary development can be interpreted in terms of directed variation. As an example of directed variation, Skinner’s explicit exposition of the analogy between shaping and natural selection in 1953 might have been inspired, in part, by the work of the British biologist, J. W. S. Pringle (1951).

在斯金纳职业生涯的早期，他迈出了重要的一步，远离了心理学领域普遍存在的心理本质主义:他观察到，当他的分析单元接受了所有选择偶然性中隐含的可变性时，行为与其后果之间的关系是最有序的。认为可变性是基本的，而不是偶然的观点，是选择主义和本质主义之间的主要区别。在不同层次的选择中追求类比的一个原因是，选择的偶然性具有非凡的力量，可以解释自然界的适应性复杂性。行为发展与进化发展之间类比的明显例外可以用定向变异来解释。作为定向变异的一个例子，斯金纳在1953年对塑造和自然选择之间的类比的明确阐述，可能部分受到了英国生物学家J. W. S. Pringle(1951)工作的启发。

引用次数: 0

NOTICIAS Y COMUNICADOS DE LA SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE ANÁLISIS DE LA CONDUCTA 墨西哥行为分析学会的新闻和公告

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2017-01-06 DOI: 10.5514/RMAC.V43.I1.61079

R. Benavides

Esta seccion tiene la funcion de diseminar noticias y comentarios relevantes para la Sociedad Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta. Se incluye informacion acerca de la nueva mesa directiva de la SMAC, asi como un comunicado del nuevo presidente de la misma, en el que se explican algunas de las propuestas para su plan de trabajo. Tambien se incluye informacion acerca de una clinica infantil de Analisis Conductual Aplicado situada en la ciudad de Monterrey, y la seccion Hace 40 anos en la RMAC… , que tiene como proposito recordar algunos de los articulos y autores que permitieron la publicacion de la RMAC durante sus primeros anos.

本节旨在传播与墨西哥行为分析学会相关的新闻和评论。它包括关于SMAC新董事会的信息，以及新主席的声明，其中解释了其工作计划的一些建议。也包括信息关于应用行为分析儿童诊所位于城市蒙特雷,40多年前和seccion RMAC ...,记住一些这本书的目的是和作者发表了RMAC上任了。

引用次数: 0

RESURGENCE OF MANDS FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION TRAINING. 功能性交流训练后，躁狂症再次出现。

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2015-09-01

Wendy K Berg, Joel E Ringdahl, Stephen E Ryan, Anna D Ing, Nicole Lustig, Patrick Romani, David P Wacker, Jennifer K Andersen, Emily Durako

Experimental conditions similar to those described by Lieving and Lattal (2003) were used within two experiments to evaluate the resurgence of mands with humans. Two mands from the same operant class were trained with three participants with developmental disabilities during Experiment 1 and with two participants with developmental disabilities and a history of problem behavior during Experiment 2. The two mands were then placed on extinction. Both persisted, but showed different response strength during extinction. The mand with the weaker response strength was targeted for additional functional communication training and the alternative mand was placed on extinction. Following steady levels of occurrence of the targeted mand and no occurrences of the alternative mand, both mands were placed on extinction again. At least one instance of resurgence of the alternative mand occurred with every participant and resurgence of problem behavior occurred for both participants during Experiment 2.

与 Lieving 和 Lattal（2003 年）所描述的实验条件类似，我们在两项实验中使用了类似的实验条件，以评估人类行为训练的恢复情况。在实验 1 中，对三名有发育障碍的参与者训练了同一操作类中的两个指令；在实验 2 中，对两名有发育障碍和问题行为史的参与者进行了训练。然后将这两个指令置于消隐状态。这两个指令都持续存在，但在消隐过程中表现出不同的反应强度。反应强度较弱的指令成为额外功能性沟通训练的目标，而另一种指令则被置于消隐状态。在目标指令出现次数达到稳定水平，而替代指令没有出现后，这两种指令再次被置于灭绝状态。在实验 2 中，每个参与者都至少有一次重新出现替代指令的情况，而且两名参与者都重新出现了问题行为。

引用次数: 0

Efectos de precisión y pertinencia del componente situación de estímulo de una descripción precontacto 接触前描述刺激情境成分的准确性和相关性的影响

Q4 Psychology

Revista Mexicana de Analisis de la Conducta

Pub Date : 2010-05-20 DOI: 10.5514/RMAC.V36.I1.18019

Gerardo Rodríguez Ortíz, V. González

An important aspect for the acquisition of instructional functions by a precontact description is the interaction of its relevance and specificity with the feedback frequency. Studies made in the area have focused its interest in the manipulation of the description’s Response (R) component; with the purpose of beginning with the assessment of the effects to manipulate Stimulus Situation (SE) component, and using a first order matching-to-sample task, 36 pre-graduate students were assigned to one of the nine experimental groups, that differ by the type of precontact description and the feedback frequency received. Results shows that participants that did not receive feedback, obtained the worse results, whereas those that received continuous feedback were superiors, being better those that received Specific and Non Pertinent precontact descriptions.

接触前描述习得教学功能的一个重要方面是其相关性和特异性与反馈频率的相互作用。该领域的研究主要集中在对描述的反应(R)成分的操纵上;为了评估刺激情境(SE)成分的操纵效果，采用一阶样本匹配任务，将36名研究生分为九个实验组，实验组根据预接触描述的类型和收到的反馈频率不同。结果表明，没有收到反馈的参与者获得了较差的结果，而那些收到持续反馈的参与者是上级，而那些收到具体和非相关的预接触描述的参与者则是更好的。

引用次数: 9

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